JPH0457287B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a soil block manufacturing apparatus used for sowing and growing seeds such as rape seedlings.

[Conventional technology]

A conventionally well-known soil block machine includes a pressurizing device that supplies adjusted bed soil to approximately a predetermined thickness onto an intermittent moving belt, and compacts the moving bed in a line in the width direction, and a compacted bed. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-33972 discloses a device that is equipped with a cutting device that cuts soil to a predetermined size and a punch that punches seeding holes in the cut blocks, and that continuously forms soil blocks. There is.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional soil block machine,
It has the advantage of being able to produce soil blocks continuously and efficiently, but the equipment has changed significantly, and the soil blocks compress and cut the bed soil supplied on a belt in multiple horizontal rows. Since seeding holes are drilled, for example, when a group of manufactured soil blocks is placed in a seedling nursery box, the shape, degree of compaction, moisture content, etc. of the individual soil blocks may be uneven.
There was a problem with variations in seed germination and seedling growth.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a bed soil filling device that stores a substantially predetermined amount of adjusted bed soil in a leveled state in a saucer, and a soil filling device that is provided above the tray so as to be movable up and down. A casing frame of a size that is fitted into the casing frame includes a molded part having a large number of partition cutting blades installed to cut the bed soil into soil blocks of a desired size, and a molded part installed above the casing frame so as to be movable up and down. a plunger part comprising a group of plungers which are fitted into the compartments of each of the partition cutting blades and have the functions of compressing bed soil stored in the partitions, forming seeding holes, and discharging formed soil blocks; , the saucer is movable to the bottom of the soil filling device and the bottom of the molding, and when the tray is positioned below the soil filling device, it is moved from the opposite side of the tray to the bottom of the molding so that it is located below the casing frame. It is characterized by consisting of a movable seedling growing box.

[Effect]

With the above configuration, it is possible to miniaturize the device, and it is also possible to form a group of soil blocks for one seedling nursery box at a time, so a uniform group of soil blocks can be obtained. Because they are formed at the same time, it is possible to reliably make a hole in the center of the top surface of the soil block, allowing the soil block to contain high moisture content, and furthermore, it is possible to continuously fill the soil into the saucer and move it downwards, and The molded soil block group can be automatically refilled into the seedling box.

【Example】

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a base of the soil block manufacturing apparatus, which has a rectangular planar shape, and cylindrical guide columns 2 are erected at the four corners of this base 1. . An upper frame 3 is fixed to the tops of the four guide columns 2. The upper frame 3 stably supports the guide column 2, and the cylinder base of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is supported downwardly at the center of its plane via a bracket 3a. The upper ends of a pair of diamond-shaped central frames 5 are connected to the tip of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the upper ends of a pair of triangular side frames 6 are fixed to both side ends of the central frame 5. A casing frame 8 of the molded part 7 is fixed to the lower part of the side frames 6, 6. The casing frame 8 of the molding section 7 has a rectangular planar shape, and the size almost matches the inner edge of the seedling box, which will be described later. Sliding rings 9 are attached to the four corners of the casing frame 8 so that they can be slid through the guide columns 2, and can be moved up and down along the guide columns 2 by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinders 4. ing. As shown in Fig. 3, the inside of the casing frame 8 is divided into four equal parts in the length direction and into two equal parts in the width direction, and is sized so that each of the eight divisions forms a square of the same size in plan. It is partitioned by a partition frame 10, and the casing frame 8 also serves as this large partition frame.
The lower end of each large partition frame 10 has a cutting blade 10a having a cutting edge on the inside. The inside of the large partition frame 10 is further divided into equally spaced squares by small partitions 11, and
A double-edged cutting blade 11a is formed at its lower end. Further, the difference l between the lengths of the large partition frame 10 and the small partitions 11 is such that the large partition frame 10 is 1 to 2 mm longer. A piston tip of a plunger hydraulic cylinder 12 is attached to the lower end of the central frame 5, and the base of the cylinder is attached to a plunger frame 13 forming a plunger portion. The plunger frame 13 has a sliding ring 14 similar to the sliding ring 9 of the molding part 7, and moves up and down along the guide column 2 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 12. A large number of plungers 15 that can be raised and lowered from the upper part of each rectangular parallelepiped space partitioned by the large partition frame 10 and the small partitions 11 are installed, and these plungers 15 are used for compressing bed soil, forming seeding holes, and soil block. It has an extrusion function. A saucer 16 is provided on the base 1 below the molding section 7 so as to be removable. This saucer 16
has a rectangular planar shape, the width of which is approximately equal to the width of the casing frame 8, and the length of which is slightly longer than the length of the casing frame 8, into which a predetermined amount of bed soil is leveled to a predetermined thickness. It is to be put in the form. A predetermined amount of bed soil kneaded by a soil mixer (not shown) is poured into the tray 16 by a bed soil filling device 17 and leveled. A seedling box support stand 19 for supporting the seedling box is provided. And saucer 1
6 is positioned below the bed soil filling device 17, the seedling box 18 placed on the seedling box support stand 19 is positioned below the casing frame 8 of the molding section 7 raised by the hydraulic cylinder 4. be. In the soil block manufacturing apparatus having such a configuration, first, the receiving tray 16 is positioned below the bed soil filling device 17, and the bed soil, which has been mixed and adjusted with a soil mixer (not shown) and put into the bed soil filling device 17, is placed in a place. Pour a certain amount, level it out, and place it on the base 1 below the molding part 7.
Move it up (Figure 4 A). Next, the plunger hydraulic cylinder 12 is contracted and the plunger 15 is
When the hydraulic cylinder 4 is extended while being positioned at the upper end of the space partitioned by the large partition frame 10 and the small partition 11, the forming part 7 and the plunger frame 13 descend along the guide column 2, and the casing frame 8. The lowering of the large partition frame 10 is stopped at the position where the lower end touches the bottom surface of the saucer 16, and the bed soil in the saucer 16 is cut and guided into each partition in the casing frame 8 by the cutting blades 10a and 11a. It is housed in a rectangular parallelepiped space (Fig. 4b). At this time, in the large partition frame 10, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutting blade 10a cuts the bed soil and guides it into the space within the partition to eliminate the insufficient introduction of bed soil in the peripheral area, and in the small partition 11, the cutting blade 10a At step 11a, the bed soil is evenly cut and introduced into the space. With this bed soil stored in the partition space, the plunger hydraulic cylinder 12 is extended and the plunger frame 13 is lowered (Fig. 4C), and the bed soil in each partition space is compressed by each plunger 15. At the same time, a seeding hole is also formed. At this time, the amount of descent and compression of the plunger 15 is such that the height of the accommodated bed soil is approximately half, and the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is stopped. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 4 is contracted to form the molding part 7.
When the casing frame 8 is raised, the compressed bed soil for each partition is lifted without leaving almost any bed soil in the saucer 16 (Fig. 4 D).
6 to the bed soil filling device 17 side (Fig. 4 E). By this movement of the tray 16, the seedling box 18 placed on the seedling box support stand 19 is positioned below the elevated casing frame 8, and by extending the plunger hydraulic cylinder 12, each plunger 15 is compressed. The soil blocks thus prepared are simultaneously discharged into the seedling nursery box 18 (FIG. 4). and,
The seedling box 18 containing the soil block is placed on the support stand 1.
9. Take out the seeds from the top (Fig. 4), sow them in the seeding hole, store them in a sprouter, and germinate and grow them. Repeat this process. In the above embodiment, 200 soil blocks can be manufactured at one time, but by changing the size of the partition and the plunger, soil blocks of desired size and number can be manufactured. In addition, the moisture content of the bed soil was limited to about 70% with conventional soil block machines, but with this example, it is possible to reduce the moisture content to 80%, which is convenient for seed germination and seedling growth. . Large partition frame 10
Since the length is slightly longer than the length of the small partition 11, the amount of soil stored in each small partition space within the large partition frame is averaged, and when lifted from the tray, the large partition frame 10 This strengthens the holding power of the bed soil and prevents the compressed soil blocks from falling. Furthermore, the soil block can be transferred to the seedling growing box simply by pushing out the plunger 15.

【Effect of the invention】

As explained above, according to the soil block manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to continuously pour soil into the saucer and move it to the molding section, and also to create a large number of soil block groups that can be accommodated in one seedling box. can be molded at once, and can produce uniformly compressed soil blocks. Also, the seeding hole is reliably formed in a fixed position, giving good results to the sown seeds. It is possible to manufacture soil blocks even if the moisture content of the bed soil is high, so seeds germinate and
It has a positive effect on the growth of seedlings. The molded soil block group can be automatically transferred to the seedling box,
Not only does the work become more efficient, but the soil block will not be damaged. Furthermore, miniaturization of the device is achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a front view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a side view of the soil block manufacturing apparatus, FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the molding section, and FIGS. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Base, 2... Guide column, 3... Upper frame, 4... Hydraulic cylinder, 5... Center frame, 6... Side frame, 7... Molding part, 8...
Casing frame, 9, 14...Sliding ring, 10
... Large partition frame, 10a ... Cutting blade, 11 ... Small partition, 11a ... Cutting blade, 12 ... Hydraulic cylinder for plunger, 13 ... Plunger frame, 15
... plunger, 16 ... saucer, 17 ... bed soil filling device, 18 ... seedling raising box, 19 ... seedling raising box support stand.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A bed soil filling device that stores a substantially predetermined amount of adjusted bed soil in a leveled state in a saucer, and a device that is provided above the saucer so as to be movable up and down and has a size that is fit into the saucer. a molding section having a large number of partition cutting blades provided in the casing frame to cut the bed soil into soil blocks of a desired size; a plunger part that is fitted into the compartment of the cutting blade and has a function of compressing the bed soil stored in the partition, forming a seeding hole, and discharging the formed soil block; A seedling raising box that can be moved to the bottom of the soil filling device and the bottom of the molding, and when the tray is positioned below the bed soil filling device, it can be moved from the opposite side of the tray to the bottom of the molding so that it is located below the casing frame. A soil block manufacturing device comprising: