JPH0451818A - Controlling apparatus for combine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accelerate the discharge of culm in threshing and avoid overload by detecting the load applied to a threshing drum of a thresher and, when the load exceeds a prescribed level, lowering the receiving net extended below the threshing part to expand the gap around the threshing cylinder. CONSTITUTION:A self-propelled machine body provided with a reaping part 9, a threshing part 4 and a selection part 6 performs the reaping, threshing and selection of standing culms while moving in a farm. The load applied to the threshing cylinder 5 of the threshing part 4 is detected by a detector and, when the load exceeds a prescribed level, the receiving net extended under the threshing part 4 is lowered by a command transmitted from a controlling apparatus to expand the gap around the threshing drum 5. The discharge of threshing culm is accelerated to lower the load by this process. As an alternative method, load is lowered by lifting the threshing cylinder 5 of the threshing part 4 or the ceiling cover of the threshing part 4 in place of lowering the receiving net.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (b) Industrial application fields The present invention relates to a control device for a combine harvester.

(b) Conventional technology Conventionally, there has been a general-purpose combine harvester equipped with a reaping section, a threshing section, and a sorting section as a self-propelled machine.As a threshing device used in such a general-purpose combine harvester, a screw-type handling barrel is installed in the threshing section. The receiver is equipped with a concave, which is a net, below it, so that the harvested grain culm carried into the threshing section is threshed by the rotation of the handling drum.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when the above-mentioned combine harvester performs harvesting at a constant running speed in a field where the density of vegetation on the grain culms is uneven, when it reaches a place with a high density of vegetation, it threshes. There is a problem that the amount of harvested grain culm that is sent to the section increases, and the handling cylinder is sometimes overloaded, which impedes the threshing operation.

Incidentally, if the work is carried out in a place with dense vegetation at a traveling speed that does not cause overload, there is a problem that although overload does not occur, work efficiency decreases.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, ■ A self-propelled machine body is equipped with a reaping section, a threshing section, and a sorting section, and the machine is capable of reaping and threshing planted grain culms while traveling in a field. In a combine harvester that performs sorting, the load applied to the handling barrel of the threshing section is detected, and if the load is above a certain level, the receiving net stretched below the threshing section is moved downward; ■The above load is above a certain level. If the above load exceeds a certain level, move the ceiling cover of the threshing section upward; ■ Install a dust valve in the threshing section to The structure is configured to control the feeding speed of the grain culm during threshing by operating the dust sending valve, and a loss monitor is installed in the discharge section of the threshing section to detect the percentage of grain loss. If the load exceeds a certain level, drive the dust valve in the grain culm retention direction; If the above load exceeds a certain level, reduce the traveling speed. We provide a combine harvester control device that is characterized by each of the above. That is.

(E) Functions and Effects According to the present invention, when a combine harvester approaches an area with dense vegetation and the handling barrel is overloaded, this overload is detected and the receiving net is removed. move downward.

■Move the handling barrel of the threshing section upward.

■Move the ceiling cup of the threshing section upward.

By implementing any of the above ■ to ■ or a combination of these, the above-mentioned overload can be avoided by widening the gap around the handling barrel and promoting the ejection of grain culm during threshing. .

In addition, as mentioned above, if the discharge of grain culms during threshing is promoted, there is a risk that grain culms that have not been threshed sufficiently will be discharged, resulting in loss of grains. By setting up
The dust sending valve is operated to control the feeding speed of grain culms during threshing, and a loss monitor is installed in the discharge section of the threshing section to detect the percentage of grain loss. If the amount exceeds a certain level, loss of grain can be prevented by driving the dust feed valve in the grain culm retention direction to cause convection of the grain culm to the threshing section and threshing thoroughly.

In this way, grain loss can be prevented while avoiding overloading of the handling cylinder, and the harvesting operation can be carried out at a constant running speed even in fields where the density of planted grain culms is uneven. I can do what I want to do.

In addition, if the dense part of the planted grain culm continues for a long time, the grain culm being threshed will become full, and this will be added to the grain culm from the reaping section, causing an overload on the handling barrel. Prioritizing the prevention of grain loss, ■By reducing the traveling speed of the combine, the amount of harvested grain culm carried from the reaping section to the threshing section is reduced, reducing overload on the handling barrel and grain loss. To prevent.

As mentioned above, overload on the handling barrel that occurs temporarily due to the density of planted grain culms in the field can be avoided without reducing the running speed of the combine until the threshing section is filled with grain culms. As a result, it is possible to improve the efficiency of harvesting work by reducing the roughness that reduces the running speed of the combine harvester, and furthermore, it is possible to prevent grain loss.

(f) Examples Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the combine harvester, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. In the figure, (1) is a machine base, and running rollers (2) are mounted on a truck frame (3).

(4) is a threshing section, which is equipped with an axial-flow type screw-type handling cylinder (5) that is inclined to be low in the front and high in the rear, and a sorting section (6).

(7) is a grain tank, which stores the grains taken out by the first grain cylinder (8).

A reaping section (9) is connected to the front of the threshing section (4) via an elevating cylinder (10) so that it can be raised and lowered.

(11) is a driver's cab, (13) is an engine, and (14) is a discharge container for discharging the grains in the grain tank (7).

The reaping section (9) has a platform (
15) and a feeder house (16) connected to the rear center of the platform (15),
A grass cutting board (I7), a grain culm raking reel (18), a reciprocating drive type cutting blade (19), and a reaped grain culm raking auger (20) are installed on the platform (15). 17)
and the grain culm raking reel (18) and the platform (
The planted grain culm taken into I5) is cut using a reciprocating mower blade (19).
Harvest the harvested grain with the auger (20) and scrape it into the center of the platform (15).
6) The grain is transported to the threshing section (4) via an internally provided grain supply chain conveyor (21).

As shown in FIG. 3, the threshing section (4) includes a trunk section (22) having a length approximately equal to the front-back length of the threshing section (4), and a trunk section (22
) is equipped with a screw blade (23) which is a screw-type handling tooth wrapped around the outer periphery, and the screw-type handling body (5)
The large-diameter impeller portion (23a) at the front end of the handling barrel (5) is connected to the front side input port (25) of the handling chamber (24), which is connected to the feeder house (16). With the rear end of the handling cylinder (5) facing the rear dust outlet (26),
A concave (27), which is a receiving net, is stretched on the lower side of the handling drum (5) to form the lower side of the handling room (24), and a ceiling wall (24a) is stretched on the upper side of the handling drum (5). and forms the lower side of the handling chamber (24).

As the handling drum (5) rotates, a threshing space (
24b), the threshing action is carried out while conveying the harvested grain culm from the feeder house (16) from the front to the rear.

In particular, in this embodiment, the pivot shaft (
A hydraulic motor (+n) is attached to the fuselage so that it can be tilted freely around the center (40), and the rear end of the motor is supported by a vertically movable bearing (ml), and between the bearing and the fuselage. A hydraulic cylinder (m2) is interposed so that the handling cylinder (5) can be tilted up and down about the pivot (mO).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the front end of the concave (27) is pivotably supported via a pivot (m5), and
A hydraulic cylinder (mO) is interposed between the rear end of the concape (27) and the fuselage, so that the rear end of the concape (27) can freely move up and down with respect to the handling barrel (5).

Further, the front end of the ceiling wall (24a) is tiltably supported via a pivot (I7), and a hydraulic cylinder (me) is interposed between the rear end of the ceiling wall (24a) and the fuselage. , the ceiling wall (24a) can be moved up and down by the telescopic operation of the same hydraulic cylinder (m4) (...4).

(v) is a dust-feeding valve installed on the ceiling wall of the threshing section (4), which rotates the blade (V2) around the pivot (Vl) using a hydraulic cylinder (+y+8) to move the grain toward the rear of the grain culm during threshing. The feed speed is adjusted.

In addition, a loss monitor (S) is installed at the rear end of the threshing unit (4) that discharges grain culms to detect the ratio of grain loss. The rate of grain loss in the culm is detected, and if the rate is the same or above a certain level, the dust valve (
v) is driven in the grain culm retention direction.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 4, the left and right concave (27a)
(27b) constitutes a concape (27), and each concape (27a) (27b) is attached to the fuselage so as to be rotatable around the left and right edges, respectively.
Hydraulic cylinders (3) at the lower ends of a)<27b)
(II+3), each concape (27a)
The lower part of (27b) can be opened and closed.

With this configuration, when a large amount of harvested grain culm is carried into the handling room (24) and the handling cylinder (5) is overloaded, the handling cylinder (5) is moved upward and the concave (27) rear By discharging the harvested grain culm being threshed from the handling chamber (24) without rotating the end portion downward, moving the ceiling wall (24a) upward, or expanding the lower part of the concape (27), The above-mentioned overload can be avoided.

The sorting section (6) includes a pre-sorting body (28) as shown in FIG.
A swinging sorting board (28) consisting of a> and a post-sorting body (28b)
and a feed pan (2) located below the handling cylinder (5).
9), a first chaff sieve (31) disposed below the sieving line (30) connected to the rear of the feed pan (29), a grain sieve (32) disposed below it, and a grain sieve (32) disposed below it. It is composed of a first flow grain board (33) arranged, a second chaf sheave (34) behind the grain sheave (32), and a second flow grain board (35) below it.

Further, a second winnowing machine (36) blows sorting air above the first chaff sheave (31), and a first winnowing machine (36) blows sorting air from the grain sheave (32) to the first grain board (33).
7) and the grains from the first grain plate (33) are fried in the grain cylinder (8).
the first gutter (38) and the first conveyor (39) that send out the goods, and the third port (42) facing the rear end of the rear sorting body (28b);
A dust suction/exhaust fan (43) disposed obliquely above the rear of the second chaff sieve (34) removes grains leaking from the rear half of the concave (27) through the sieving line (28a) of the pre-sorting body (28a).
3o) A pre-leakage conveyor belt (44) is provided as a sorting conveyor to return to the upper position, and the entire amount of grains leaking from the concape (27) is supplied onto the pre-sorter <28a). By sufficiently performing the sorting, fine grains that have been sorted with high precision are taken out to the grain tank (7).

In addition, a second gutter (4o) is formed at the lower end of the second grain board (35) and connected to the second conveyor (41), and a return flow path is connected to the end of the second conveyor (41). The second reduced product is allowed to flow back to the front end of the treatment chamber (24).

Further, as shown in Fig. 5, the grain tanks (7) are provided in a saddle shape on the left, right, and center positions of the threshing section (4), straddling the threshing section (4). bolts (
(b) is configured to be connected so that it can be disassembled and assembled freely.

Therefore, by removing the upper tank (7c),
When attaching and removing the handling torso (5) by suspending it with a rope etc., the upper tank (7c) of the handling torso (5) interferes with the suspension work.
It is convenient for repair work by removing it, and can also be used for trailers,
When transporting containers or other places with height restrictions, the upper tank (7c) can be easily removed to clear the height restrictions.

Furthermore, when assembling the combine, the grain tank (7) can be attached to the fuselage after assembly, or the left and right lower tanks (7a) can be attached to the fuselage.
It is also possible to assemble the upper tank (7c) after attaching (7b), so that assembly or maintenance work can be performed depending on the situation.

In addition, a grain lifting cylinder (8) is provided on the right outside of the grain tank (7) to feed the grains from the screw-type first conveyor (39) into the grain tank (7). The upper end of the grain tank (7) is inserted into the upper part of the grain tank (7), and the grains from the grain lifting cylinder (8) are transferred to the most transverse conveyor (45) in the grain tank (7).
), and the same first horizontal feed conveyor (45)
The terminal end (45a) of the grain tank (7) is guided above the bifurcated central part that straddles the threshing section (4) of the right and left center shafts, and a level link disk (46) is provided below the terminal end (45a). In this way, the grains stored in the grain tank (7) are leveled.

In addition, a left and right take-out conveyor (47) is installed in the front and back direction at the lower left and right ends of the left and right bifurcated grain tank (7). (7)
It is connected to the merging cross-feeding conveyor (48) (49) at the front to convey the grains to the right side of the machine, and then the discharge conveyor (I4) takes over and sends out the grains to an appropriate discharge position. ing.

In addition, (51) is the pre-sorting body (28a) and the post-sorting body <
28b) in opposite directions, and the front sorting body (28a) and the rear sorting body (2gb),
A drive is connected to each of the swinging rods (53) (5 oj), and further swingably pivoted to the fuselage side plate (52) via the central swing shaft (56) to each sorting body (28a) (28b). The upper and lower ends of the link (55) are connected via a support shaft (57), and the eccentric wheel (59) and the connecting arm (
By connecting the drive link (55) via the filter 60), the front sorting body (28a) and the rear sorting body (28b) are driven in opposite directions to cancel out the inertial force and greatly reduce vibration and noise. It is decreasing.

Figures 6 and 7 show the power transmission system.
Pulley (6) that drives the second conhair (39) (41)
1) (62), a bridle (63) fitted on the swing drive shaft (58), and a pulley (65) that drives the dust suction/exhaust fan (43) via a continuously variable belt transmission mechanism (64). and each pulley (61) (Ei2) (63) (65)
bell) (6
The threshing input shaft (66) is interlocked and connected to the output pulley (67) through the belt (8), and the drive roller shaft (69) of the conveyor belt (44) is connected to each pulley (70) (71) and the belt (7).
2) to drive the swing sorting board (28), each conveyor (39) (41'), dust suction/exhaust fan (43), and conveyor belt (44). That's what I do.

Furthermore, on the right outer side of the fuselage side plate (52), the first,
The second karin (37) (3!3) is the human-powered threshing axis (66),
A belt having a threshing clutch (78) is connected to the belt continuously variable transmission mechanism (73) (74), and a counter shaft (77) driven by a belt transmission mechanism (76) is connected to the transmission (75). A tank output pulley (80) which interlocks and connects the threshing input shaft (66) via a transmission mechanism (79) and drives each driving section of the grain tank (7) such as the left and right take-out conveyor (47), The reaping output pulley (8) that drives each drive section of the reaping section (9), such as the blade (19) and the auger (20), is connected to the counter shaft (77).
They are interlocked and connected via electromagnetic clutches (82) and (83) provided in the.

Note that the counter shaft (77) receives its output from the intermediate gear output shaft (75a) of the transmission (75), and the coaxial (
A variable displacement roller drive pump (2a) (2b) runs on the left side of the final gear shaft (75b) connected to 75a).
, A variable capacity type handling drum driving pump (5a) is connected to the right side.

Figure 8 shows the hydraulic system, including the pumps (2a) (2b) for driving the rollers (2a) (2b) and the rollers (2) (
A hydrostatic transmission is configured with a hydraulic motor (M) disposed in 2), so that the rollers (2) (2>) can be driven in forward and backward motion and in a steplessly variable speed manner.

In addition, the hydraulic cylinder (+n2) <m3) (m4)
(1118) and a hydraulic pump (5b) for driving other hydraulic auxiliary equipment.

(5c) is a servo motor for changing the discharge amount of the handling drum drive pump (5a), and (5d) is a hydraulic control for controlling each of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinders (+n2) (m3) (+n4) (s8). Valve group, (5e) is servo motor (5C)
This is a hydraulic control valve for controlling the

In addition, a hydraulic sensor (St) is provided on the piping (p) between the handling drum drive pump (5a) and the hydraulic motor (m), and a tachometer (S2) is attached to the handling drum driving hydraulic motor (m). By connecting to the controller (C) and detecting an increase in oil pressure in the line and a decrease in the rotational speed of the handling cylinder (5),
5), and when the overload exceeds a certain value or the integral value of the load over a certain period of time exceeds a certain value, one of the hydraulic cylinders (lI2) (w3) (s4) Alternatively, the above-mentioned overload is avoided by performing an extension operation in combination.

The loss monitor (S) is connected to the controller (C), and when the proportion of grains mixed in the grain culm discharged from the threshing section (4) exceeds a certain value, the hydraulic cylinder (B8)
Activate to rotate the vane (v2) of the dust feeding valve (V),
The grain culm is allowed to stay in the threshing section (4).

The above control operation will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 8A.

When control starts (too), loss monitor (S)
to detect grain loss (101), and if this is above a certain value (IOIY), the hydraulic cylinder (B2) (B3
) (B4) (+n6) Activate (18) to open the handling cylinder (5
), left and right concave (27a) (27b), ml concave (27), ceiling wall (24a), return the dust valve (V) vane (v2) to its normal position (1 (12), and oil pressure sensor (31) and tachometer (B2).
When the load of 5) is detected (103), if overload is applied (103Y), the roller drive pump (2a) starts running.
The discharge amount in (2b) is reduced to reduce the traveling speed by a certain value (104).

In addition, if the grain loss in step (101) is below a certain value (IOIN), the load on the handling cylinder (5) is detected (
105) If there is an overload (105Y), operate the hydraulic cylinder (-8) to rotate the dust feed valve (V) in the grain culm discharge direction (Loft), and if there is no overload, (105N), return the dust feed valve (V) to its normal position (107).

Then, the load on the handling cylinder (5) is detected (IOlt),
If overload is applied (108Y), the hydraulic cylinder (
B4) to move the concape (27) downward (109), and if there is no overload, <10
8N), return the concave (27) to its normal position (+
10).

Then, the load on the handling cylinder (5) is detected (Ill), and if it is overloaded (IIIY), the hydraulic cylinder (B
2) to move the handling cylinder (5) upward (11).
2) If no overload is applied (IllN), return the handling cylinder (5) to its normal position (113).

Then, the load on the handling cylinder (5) is detected (114), and if it is overloaded (114Y), the hydraulic cylinder (+
n6) to move the ceiling wall (24a) upward (115), and if no overload is applied (114).
N), return the ceiling wall (24a) to its normal position (11B)
.

Then, the process returns to step (101).

Figures 9 to 12 show the first grain lifting cylinder (8), and the upper and lower pulleys (B
3) The packet (
88) A large number of conveyors are installed, and the grains from the first conveyor (39) are conveyed to the grain tank (7) by rotation of the belt (B5).

In the bucket (86), a predetermined gap is set between the inner surface of the transport cylinder (Bl) and the upper edge (B9) of the packet (B6), and the upper edge (B9) A plate-shaped scraper (B7) is provided to protrude outward from the base.

Therefore, when the harvest amount is large, such as when harvesting rice, wheat, etc., it is possible to scrape up the grains (Gl) with the scraper (B7) and transport a large amount of grains, as shown in Figure 11. , the conveyor can be made smaller.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 12, when the harvest amount is small, such as soybeans, etc., the soybeans, etc. being transported are stored in the packet (B6), and the grains (G2) are transferred to the transport tube (Bl). Since it does not come into contact with the inner surface of the soybean, the surface of the soybean, etc. is prevented from being soiled or damaged.

Note that when soybeans and the like are conveyed using a slat conveyor, there is a drawback that the soybeans and the like are rubbed against the inner surface of the conveyor cylinder, causing stains and scratches.

Figures 13 and 14 show the handling teeth (
K) shows another example, in which a rectangular plate-shaped base (Kl)
The proximal end of a substantially semicircular plate-shaped handling tooth portion (K2) is fixed to the - side end of the tooth to form an oval shape, thereby forming a tooth extraction (K).

Additionally, the handling teeth (K2) are heat treated to increase hardness and prevent wear.

By doing this, the durability of the handling tooth (K) is improved,
Also, even if muddy soil is attached to the grain culm, such as a lodging grain culm,
Wear of the handling teeth (K) can be reduced.

It should be noted that conventional extraction teeth made of round bars wear out quickly, resulting in durability problems, and particularly when harvesting fallen grain culms, the handling teeth wear out quickly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an overall side view of the combine, Figure 2 is a plan view of the same,
Fig. 3 is a side sectional explanatory view of the threshing section, Fig. 4 is a front sectional explanatory view of the threshing section, Fig. 5 is a partial front explanatory view of the grain tank section, and Figs. 6 and 7 are power transmission system diagrams. , Fig. 8 is a hydraulic system diagram, Fig. 8A is a flowchart of control operation, Fig. 9 is a side view of the grain lifting cylinder, Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the packet, and Figs. 11 and 12 are Explanation diagram of cylinder operation, No. 13
FIG. 14 is a side view and a perspective view of the treatment tooth of another embodiment. : Combine loss monitor Dust sending valve Threshing section Handling barrel Sorting section Reaping section No.■θ Prisoner Fig. 13 Fig. 14 l! !

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) Reaping of planted grain culms while traveling in a field by mounting a reaping section (9), a threshing section (4), and a sorting section (6) on a self-propelled machine; In the combine harvester (A) that performs threshing and sorting, the load on the handling barrel (5) of the threshing section (4) is detected,
A control device for a combine harvester, characterized in that when the load exceeds a certain level, a receiving net stretched under a threshing section (4) is moved downward. 2) A combine harvester that is equipped with a reaping section (9), a threshing section (4), and a sorting section (6) on a self-propelled machine to reap, thresh, and sort planted grain culms while traveling in a field. In (A), detecting the load on the handling cylinder (5) of the threshing section (4),
If the load is above a certain level, the handling cylinder (5) of the threshing section (4)
A control device for a combine harvester, characterized in that the combine harvester is moved upward. 3) A combine harvester that is equipped with a reaping section (9), a threshing section (4), and a sorting section (6) on a self-propelled machine to reap, thresh, and sort planted grain culms while traveling in a field. In (A), detecting the load on the handling cylinder (5) of the threshing section (4),
If the same load is above a certain level, the ceiling wall (2) of the threshing section (4)
4a) A control device for a combine harvester, characterized in that the combine harvester is moved upwardly. 4) A combine harvester that is equipped with a reaping section (9), a threshing section (4), and a sorting section (6) on a self-propelled machine to reap, thresh, and sort planted grain culms while traveling in a field. The threshing section (4) is provided with a dust feeding valve (V), and is configured to control the feeding speed of grain culms during threshing by the operation of the dust feeding valve (V), and the threshing section (4) A loss monitor (S) that detects the percentage of grain loss is installed in the discharge section of the
A control device for a combine harvester, characterized in that when a grain loss ratio is detected to be above a certain level, a dust sending valve (V) is driven in a grain culm retention direction. 5) A combine harvester that is equipped with a reaping section (9), a threshing section (4), and a sorting section (6) on a self-propelled machine to reap, thresh, and sort planted grain culms while traveling in a field. In (A), if the loss monitor (S) detects that the grain loss rate has exceeded a certain level, at least the receiving net, handling drum (5) or ceiling wall (24a) of the threshing section (4) 4. The combine harvester control device according to claim 1, wherein the combine harvester control device returns the position of the combine harvester to the normal position and reduces the traveling speed.