JPH0450298A - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title composition having excellent lubricating properties and rust preventing properties, comprising a hydrocarbon oil, a hydroxyaryl fatty acid and a compatibilizing agent composed of an alcohol and a (polymerized) fatty acid. CONSTITUTION:The objective composition comprising (A) a hydrocarbon oil such as spindle oil, turbine oil, alkylbenzene, polybutene, poly alpha-olefin, (B) a hydroxyaryl fatty acid preferably shown by the formula (R<1> is 1-19C straight- chain alkyl; R<2> is 1-19C straight chain alkylene and sum of R<1> and R<2> is 10-20C; R<3> and R<4> are H, hydroxyl, 1-19C alkyl or alkoxy) and (C) a compatibilizing agent composed of 6-26C alcohol and/or 8-26C (polymerized) fatty acid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition with excellent lubricity and rust prevention properties.

[Conventional technology]

Hydrocarbon oils such as mineral oil, alkylbenzene, polybutene, and polyalphaolefin are mainly used as base oils for industrial lubricating oils, but in recent years, their uses have expanded and diversified, and they have been used under more severe conditions. In order to obtain satisfactory performance such as good lubricity and oxidation stability, various additives are blended.

Typical examples of these additives include higher fatty acids and higher fatty acid esters, which have good lubricity, but as the chain length of the fatty acid increases, the melting point increases.
This is not desirable in terms of physical properties of lubricating oil.

On the other hand, hydroxyaryl fatty acids have excellent stability against heat and oxidation, lubricity, and stability against chlorofluorocarbons, and because they are long-chain fatty acids, they have good load-bearing capacity, and they also have good rust prevention effects. Because it has refrigeration oil,
It is used in many fields as an additive such as rust inhibitors (
Publications such as JP-A-61-171799, JP-A-63-117097, and JP-A-63-137184).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the above-mentioned hydroxyaryl fatty acids have poor solubility in hydrocarbon oils, and there is a problem in that they cannot sufficiently exhibit their original performance, particularly lubricity and rust-inhibiting effects, in such base oils.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims to obtain a lubricating oil composition that can fully exhibit its original performance, especially lubricity and rust prevention effect, by completely dissolving hydroxyallyl fatty acid in a hydrocarbon oil. It is an object.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors first discovered that polyether-based synthetic oil serves as a good compatibilizer for hydrocarbon-based oil and hydroxyaryl fatty acid. (Japanese Patent Application No. 1-91061), this polyether-based synthetic oil had to be added in a fairly large amount in order to fully exhibit its performance.

Therefore, as a result of further investigation, the present inventors found that alcohols with 6 to 26 carbon atoms, fatty acids with 8 to 26 carbon atoms, or polymerized fatty acids can be used in combination with hydrocarbon oils and hydroxyl in smaller amounts than polyether synthetic oils. We learned that it functions as a compatibilizer with aryl fatty acids, and that by using at least one of these components as the compatibilizer, a lubricating oil composition with great lubricity and rust-preventing effects can be obtained. The invention was completed.

That is, the present invention provides (1) (a) hydrocarbon oil, ('
b) Hydroxyaryl fatty acid and (c1 carbon number 6~
26 alcohols (hereinafter simply referred to as alcohols), fatty acids having 8 to 26 carbon atoms, or polymerized fatty acids (hereinafter referred to collectively as aliphatic carboxylic acids). The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition.

[Structure and operation of the invention]

As the hydrocarbon oil as component (a) in the present invention, in addition to mineral oils such as spindle oil and turbine oil, conventionally known hydrocarbon oils such as alkylbenzene, polybutene, and polyalphaolefin can be used. .

The hydroxyaryl fatty acid as component (b) in the present invention is an aryl fatty acid having a phenolic hydroxyl group in the molecule, and has the following general formula (I); (wherein, R' has 1 to 19 carbon atoms) Straight chain alkyl group, Rz
is a straight chain alkylene group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, the sum of R1 and R2 is 10 to 20, and R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms. A hydroxyaryl fatty acid represented by the following formula is preferably used.

Such hydroxyaryl fatty acids can be produced by the addition reaction of an unsaturated fatty acid and a hydroxyaryl compound using activated clay and a phosphorous oxygen acid as a catalyst, for example, by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-10040. It can be synthesized by various methods.

Specific examples of hydroxyaryl fatty acids used in the present invention include hydroxyphenylmyristic acid, hydroxyphenylbalmitic acid, hydroxyphenylstearic acid, hydroxyphenyloleic acid, hydroxyphenylbehenic acid, dihydroxyphenylvalmitic acid, trihydroxy Examples include phenylstearic acid, hydroxymethylphenylstearic acid, hydroxynonylphenylstearic acid, hydroxydimethylphenylstearic acid, hydroxymethoxyphenylbalmitic acid, hydroxymethoxyphenylstearic acid, and the like.

In the present invention, the amount of the hydroxyaryl fatty acid used is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, based on the entire lubricating oil composition. If the amount used is too small, the lubricity and rust prevention effect cannot be sufficiently improved, and if it is too large, no further effect can be expected and it is economically disadvantageous.

As the alcohol component (c) in the present invention, compounds represented by the general formula (11); Preferably used.

In the above general formula (II), when the number of carbon atoms in R is less than 6, it is not preferable because the rust-preventing effect of the lubricating oil blended therein is poor. Furthermore, if the number of carbon atoms in R is less than 6, the alcohol itself becomes highly polar, and if it exceeds 26, the polarity becomes low, making it unsuitable as a compatibilizer. ~26 alcohols.

Specific examples of alcohols used in the present invention include:
Hexanol, heptatool, isoheptatool, octatool, 2-ethylhexanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, tetradecanol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol, 3.5.5-trimethylhexanol, 2-butyloctatool, 2-butylnonanol, 2-pentylnonanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-octyldecanol, 2-hebutylundecanol, 2-hexyldodecanol, 2-octyldodecanol, isooctadecyl alcohol, Examples include 11-dobcenol, 12-tridecenol, and oleyl alcohol.

Moreover, as the aliphatic carboxylic acid of the c1 component in the present invention, a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid or a polymerized fatty acid having 8 to 26 carbon atoms is used.

When the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid is less than 8, it is not preferable because it adversely affects the rust prevention properties of the lubricating oil. Further, if the number of carbon atoms is less than 8, the polarity of the fatty acid itself becomes high, and if it exceeds 26, the polarity becomes low, so that it is not suitable as a compatibilizer.

Specific examples of fatty acids used in the present invention include caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, isononanoic acid, capric acid, isodecanoic acid, undecanoic acid, isoundecanoic acid, isotridecanoic acid, isotetradecanoic acid,
Isohexadecanoic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid,
Examples include linoleic acid and erucic acid.

Polymerized fatty acids are those obtained by polymerizing oleic acid or υnolic acid, and examples include dimer acid and trimer acid.

In the present invention, at least one of the above alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acids is used as the compatibilizer for component (c). The amount used is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight of the entire lubricating oil composition. If the amount used is too small, the hydroxyaryl fatty acid cannot be stably dissolved in the hydrocarbon oil, and a significant improvement in lubricity and rust prevention effect cannot be expected.

On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the characteristics of the hydrocarbon oil used as the base oil will not be exhibited, so it is usually best to keep the amount up to 10% by weight as mentioned above.

The lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the above (1)(a) to (c).
Although the composition contains three components as essential components, various additives such as amines, petroleum sulfonates, phenols, and esters may be added to this composition as necessary. It is also possible to mix and use other lubricating base oils such as polyalkylene glycol and ester oil.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in the present invention, by using alcohol or aliphatic carboxylic acid as a compatibilizing agent for hydrocarbon oil and hydroxyaryl fatty acid, the rust prevention effect and lubricity, especially load-bearing capacity, are further improved. It is possible to provide a high performance lubricating oil composition.

〔Example〕

Next, examples of the present invention will be described in more detail.

In addition, for the hydroxyaryl fatty acids with symbols I to V, the alcohols with symbols A to F, and the aliphatic carboxylic acids with symbols GM used in the following examples and comparative examples, their names,
Raw materials, acid values, and other analytical values are shown in Tables 1 to 3 below.

The hydroxyaryl fatty acids shown in Table 1 were all synthesized according to the method described in JP-A-62-10040 mentioned above. The commercially available oleic acid used as the raw material component was NAA 34 manufactured by NOF ■, and the commercially available erucic acid used was erucic acid manufactured by NOF ■.

All of the alcohols shown in Table 2 were commercially available. For nonyl alcohol, use nonanol manufactured by Nippon Oxocol■, NAA42 manufactured by lauryl alcohol genuine oil ■,
A mixture of isododecyl alcohol and isotridecyl alcohol is Oxocol 1213 manufactured by Nippon Oxocol■, isotetradecyl alcohol is Fine Oxocol 140 manufactured by Nichichi Kagaku Kogyo ■, and isooctadecyl alcohol is manufactured by Nippon Oxocol ■. Fine oxocol 180
and n-butyl alcohol used were 1-butanol manufactured by Katayama Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., respectively.

All commercially available aliphatic carboxylic acids shown in Table 3 were used. Isononanoic acid is isononanoic acid manufactured by Nichichi Kagaku Kogyo ■, coconut oil fatty acid is coconut oil fatty acid manufactured by NOF ■, oleic acid is NAA34 manufactured by NOF ■, and isostearic acid is isostearin manufactured by Nichiji Kagaku ■. The acids used were erucic acid (manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Corporation) as erucic acid, Versadime 216 (manufactured by Henkel Hakusui ■) as dimer acid, and n-valeric acid (manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo ■) as valeric acid.

Table 1 Examples As shown in Tables 4 and 5 below, the lubricant base oil may be spindle oil [No. 1 spindle oil manufactured by Nippon Oil ■], turbine oil [9o turbine oil manufactured by Matsuzai Oil ■] or A polyalphaolefin (LipoLoop 20 manufactured by Lion ■) is used, and in addition to these, hydroxyaryl fatty acids with symbols I to E listed in Table 1 and alcohols with symbols A to E listed in Table 2 or symbols listed in Table 3 are used. Lubricating oil compositions of samples Nos. 1 to 45 were prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of GL and aliphatic carboxylic acid.

Comparative Example As shown in the following Table 6, the same spindle oil, turbine oil or polyalphaolefin as in the example is used alone, or is combined with hydroxyaryl fatty acids of symbols I to V listed in Table 1. were dissolved in a predetermined amount to obtain lubricating oil compositions of Samples F1h46-49 and Samples Hiroshi 52-61.

In addition, the sample 50 contained hydroxyaryl fatty acid with symbol A listed in Table 1 and alcohol with symbol F listed in Table 2.
Sample 11h51 was prepared by dissolving predetermined amounts of hydroxyaryl fatty acid with symbol A in Table 1 and aliphatic carboxylic acid with symbol M in Table 3 to prepare a lubricating oil composition.

Rust prevention tests and lubricity tests were conducted on the lubricating oil compositions of sample grades 1 to 61 according to the above Examples and Comparative Examples in the following manner. The results, along with the appearance of the composition, are shown in the fourth section.
- Shown in Table 6.

<Rust prevention test> Lubricating oil rust prevention performance test (JIS K2510-1980
) using distilled water. The evaluation criteria for the occurrence of rust after 24 hours of the test are as follows.

No rust: Light with no rust. Moderate: Less than 6 rust spots. Moderate: Rust area is less than 5% of the total area. Lubricity test: Shell type high speed Using a four-ball tester, the 1-minute fusion load, that is, the minimum load that causes fusion within 1 minute, was measured.

As is clear from Tables 4 to 6 above, the lubricating oil composition in which hydroxyaryl fatty acid and alcohol or aliphatic carboxylic acid are dissolved according to the present invention is a lubricating oil composition in which hydroxyaryl fatty acid alone is heterogeneously blended. It can be seen that the anti-rust effect and lubricity are superior to that of the composition.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) At least one compatibilizer selected from (a) hydrocarbon oil, (b) hydroxyaryl fatty acid, and (c) alcohol having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, fatty acid having 8 to 26 carbon atoms, or polymerized fatty acid. A lubricating oil composition containing.