JPH0447677B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a novel method for producing lipid components from brain tissue. More specifically, the present invention provides particularly good solubility for oily components among the various components contained in mammalian brain tissue.
The present invention provides a novel lipid component obtained by extracting a component that has high stability against oxidation and also has excellent preservability. Conventionally, various active agents (or emulsifiers) have been used in various dosage forms that utilize emulsification, including foods, cosmetics, and external preparations. The characteristics required of such active agents include, of course, having the surfactant ability necessary for the product, but also being physically and chemically stable and having a high degree of safety. It is. The activators that have been mainly used in the past have been synthetic nonionic activators such as span-based and tween-based activators. However, although these synthetic nonionic active agents have sufficient surfactant ability and relatively good stability, they have had many problems in terms of safety. On the other hand, in recent years, natural activators such as proteins or their decomposition products and phospholipids such as lecithin have come to be frequently used due to the trend towards natural products and consideration for safety. However, although these natural products have excellent safety, they have poor stability against heat and light, and are also unstable against microorganisms. It had the fatal flaw of inactivating the agent. Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor aimed to find a substance that has excellent solubility, stability, and preservation ability among natural products with few safety problems.
After intensive research, the present invention succeeded in obtaining a lipid component having emulsifying ability using mammalian brain tissue as a raw material. When obtaining lipid components from mammalian brain tissue, the present invention first homogenates the brain tissue with an organic solvent that is miscible with water as a pretreatment, extracts and removes the soluble components, and then transforms the extraction residue into a polar Extract with a low-polarity organic solvent alone or a mixed solvent of a low-polarity organic solvent and a lower alcohol (however, the lower alcohol content is 50 Vol% or less), and the resulting extract is further washed with water or a salt solution to obtain a non-lipid material. The present invention relates to a method for producing a lipid component, which is characterized by removing the component. The present invention will be explained in detail below. First, the mammalian brain tissue that is the raw material for the method of the present invention can be selected from a wide variety of mammals, but in view of the raw material supply, etc.
Fresh brain tissue from horses, pigs, dogs, monkeys, etc. is preferably applied. To obtain the lipid components from the brain tissue described above, first, the brain tissue is homogenated with an organic solvent that is miscible with water, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, etc., and the organic solvent-soluble components in the raw material are extracted. Remove. This pretreatment removes water in the brain tissue as well as aqueous components such as polysaccharides, proteins, and amino acids, which not only improves the extraction efficiency of the desired lipid components but also obtains lipid components that are highly soluble in oily components. becomes possible. Here, in the case of commonly performed pretreatment such as freeze-drying, although it contributes to improving the extraction efficiency due to the dehydration effect, it is difficult to obtain a lipid component that is highly soluble in oily components. Next, this extraction residue is sufficiently extracted with a low polar organic solvent alone or a mixed organic solvent of a low polar organic solvent and a lower alcohol. Examples of the organic solvent with low polarity used here include one or more selected from n-hexane, n-pentane, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, ethyl ether, chloroform, etc., and examples of the lower alcohol include ethanol, methanol, etc. However, when a mixed organic solvent is used, it is advantageous to keep the content ratio of the lower alcohol within a range not exceeding 50 Vol% based on the total amount of the mixed organic solvent. Furthermore, after separating the extract and the residue by filtration etc., the extract is mixed with water, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, etc.
The target lipid component is obtained by washing with an aqueous solution such as sodium chloride to remove non-lipid components in the extract. As described above, the lipid component obtained from mammalian brain tissue by the method of the present invention is usually a pale yellow or medium yellow waxy or solid substance, and its composition is composed of phospholipids. It is a complex mixture whose main components are glycolipids (cerebrosides), cholesterol, etc. Next, in order to prove that the lipid component obtained by the method of the present invention has excellent solubility in oily components, stability against oxidation, and preservability, the present inventor Using lipid components extracted from brain tissue under various conditions, solubility, stability, and preservability were assayed by methods (1), (2), and (3) below. The results are shown in Table-1, Table-2 and Table-3. (1) Solubility in oily components Γ sample: Bovine brain tissue extracts of comparative products No. 1 to 2 without pretreatment and inventive products No. 3 to 10 with pretreatment were used. In addition, the pretreatment symbol N in Table 1 indicates no pretreatment, A indicates acetone treatment, M indicates methanol treatment, E indicates ethanol treatment, and C/M of the extraction solvent (SoL) is chloroform:methanol = 2. :1, H/E means hexane:ethanol=4:1, and Hex means hexane. Γ method: The above sample was weighed at 1, 3, and 10% by weight against three oily components: liquid paraffin (C-70), 2-ethylhexanoic acid triglyceride (TIO), and octyldodecyl myristate (MOD), respectively. % and heated to 80°C to evaluate the dissolution state. (2) Photo-oxidation stability test Γ sample: The same bovine brain tissue extracts of invention products No. 1 to 8 as used in the solubility test, and soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, and lanolin were used as comparative products. The symbols for pretreatment and extraction solvent in Table-2 are the same as in Table-1. Γ method: When 0.5g of each of the above samples was irradiated with a xenon lamp for 16hrs (at a temperature of 40℃)
POV values were measured. Note that the POV values in Table 2 are the average values of samples n=5. (1) Preservation stability test Γ sample: Using the bovine brain lipid (product of the present invention) and soybean lecithin (comparative product) obtained in Production Example 2 described later, in the oil phase of the emulsion-based formulation shown below, 0.5wt% of each was blended. For additive-free products (Cototrol), the amount of water was increased by 0.5 wt%. [Emulsion-based formulation (PH6.0)] wt% Oil phase liquid paraffin monostearate POE (20) sorbitan monostearate sorbitan butyl paraben 20 2 0.5 0.1 Water phase propylene glycol methyl paraben phosphate buffer water 5 0.2 7.2 64.5 Total 99.5 Γ Method: Add various test bacterial solutions to the above test emulsions (3 types), temperature 30℃, humidity 90-100%
Set the test emulsion under constant temperature and humidity (RH),
0 days (at the time of setting), 1 day later, 2 days later, 5 days later,
After 7 and 14 days, a certain amount of the test emulsion was taken out, inoculated into a medium, cultured, and the colony count was measured to calculate the number of viable bacteria per gram of the test emulsion.

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[Table] As shown in the results of Table-1, Table-2, and Table-3,
When extracting lipid components from mammalian brain tissue, there is a problem with the solubility of oily components if no pretreatment is performed, but according to the method of the present invention, not only is the solubility of oily components excellent, but also the solubility of oily components is excellent. ,
It has become clear that it has significantly better oxidation stability and preservability than conventional lipid components such as phospholipids. The method of the present invention relates to a method for extracting lipid components with excellent solubility, oxidation stability, and preservability from mammalian brain tissue, and the obtained lipid components are conventionally used in foods, cosmetics, external preparations, etc. It has the same or even greater effect than lipid components such as phospholipids, which were frequently used as emulsifiers and for other purposes.
Moreover, it can be stably blended. Manufacturing examples will be shown below for more detailed explanation. Production Example 1 After homogenizing 100 g of fresh bovine brain with 15 g of 95% ethanol, 250 ml of 95% ethanol was added and mixed and stirred. After filtering this to separate the extract and the residue, the residue was mixed with ether-ethanol (5:
1V/V) 400 ml of mixed organic solvent was added and stirred to thoroughly extract. The extract obtained by filtration was further washed with 80 ml of 0.04% CaCl ₂ aqueous solution. The organic solvent was distilled off from the extract at 40° C. or lower under reduced pressure to obtain 9.4 g of bovine brain lipid as a pale yellow solid. Production Example 2 After 100 g of fresh bovine brain was homogenized with 15 g of 95% ethanol, 250 ml of 95% ethanol was added and mixed and stirred. After filtering this to separate the extract residue, 300 ml of n-hexane was added to the residue and mixed and stirred to thoroughly extract. The extract obtained by filtration was washed with 60 ml of 0.75% KCl aqueous solution.
After repeating this operation twice, the extract was extracted under reduced pressure.
The organic solvent was distilled off at below 40°C to obtain 9.6 g of bovine brain lipid as a pale yellow solid. Production Example 3 After 100 g of fresh bovine brain was homogenized with 10 g of methanol, 250 ml of methanol was added and mixed and stirred. After filtering this to separate the extract and the residue, the residue was mixed with chloroform-methanol (2:
1V/V) 300ml of mixed organic solvent was added and stirred to thoroughly extract. The extract obtained by filtration was washed with 60 ml of 0.75% KCl aqueous solution. After repeating this process twice, the organic solvent was distilled off from the extract under reduced pressure at 40°C or below, and 9.2 g of bovine brain lipid was obtained as a pale yellow solid.
I got it. Production Example 4 After 100 g of fresh horse brain was homogenized with 15 ml of acetone, 300 ml of acetone was added and mixed and stirred. After filtering this to separate the extract and the residue,
400 ml of ethyl ether was added to the residue, mixed and stirred, and thoroughly extracted. The extract obtained by filtration was washed twice with 70 ml of water. The organic solvent was then distilled off from the extract at 40°C or less under reduced pressure to obtain horse brain lipid 8.0 as a pale yellow to very yellow solid. Production Example 5 After 100 g of fresh pig brain was homogenized with 15 g of 95% ethanol, 250 ml of 95% ethanol was added and mixed and stirred. After filtering this to separate the extract and the residue, the residue was mixed with hexane-ether (4:
1V/V) 350 ml of mixed organic solvent was added and stirred to thoroughly extract. The extract obtained by filtration was washed with 70 ml of 0.3% NaCl aqueous solution. After repeating this operation twice, the organic solvent was distilled off from the extract at 40°C under reduced pressure to obtain 8.5 g of pale yellow waxy pig brain lipid.
I got it.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When obtaining lipid components from mammalian brain tissue, first, as a pretreatment, the brain tissue is homogenized with an organic solvent that is miscible with water, the soluble components are extracted and removed, and then the extraction residue is treated with a low polar organic solvent. Extract with an organic solvent alone or a mixture of a low polarity organic solvent and a lower alcohol (however, the lower alcohol content is 50 Vol% or less), and the resulting extract is further washed with water or a salt solution to remove non-lipid components. A method for producing a lipid component, characterized by removing it.