JPH0447245B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0447245B2 JPH0447245B2 JP1212039A JP21203989A JPH0447245B2 JP H0447245 B2 JPH0447245 B2 JP H0447245B2 JP 1212039 A JP1212039 A JP 1212039A JP 21203989 A JP21203989 A JP 21203989A JP H0447245 B2 JPH0447245 B2 JP H0447245B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- suspended
- dimensional
- aircraft
- vertical
- tilt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Telescopes (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、主として二次元レベル、自動鉛直
視準機等の測量機械において二次元方向の機体の
傾き誤差を自動的に補正する自動補正装置を具備
する測量機械に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention mainly relates to a surveying machine such as a two-dimensional level or automatic vertical sighting machine, which is equipped with an automatic correction device that automatically corrects tilt errors of the machine body in two-dimensional directions. It is.
従来の自動鉛直視準機などにおいては、前後一
次元方向の機体の傾きに対してのみその鉛直誤差
を自動的に補正する装置を備えているが、同時に
左右方向の傾きに対する誤差を補正する装置を備
えていない。そのため、ある一次元方向で一旦前
後方向の鉛直面を設定した後、機体を90°旋回し
て再び前後方向の鉛直面を設定し、両者の交点を
求めて真の天頂方向を設定する方法を採つてお
り、極めて煩雑であると共に直接真の天頂方向を
視準することは不可能であつた。 Conventional automatic vertical sighting systems are equipped with a device that automatically corrects vertical errors only in one-dimensional longitudinal direction, but at the same time there is a device that corrects errors in horizontal direction. Not equipped with Therefore, after setting the vertical plane in the longitudinal direction in a certain one-dimensional direction, turn the aircraft 90 degrees, set the vertical plane in the longitudinal direction again, and find the intersection of the two to set the true zenith direction. This method was extremely complicated, and it was impossible to aim directly at the true zenith direction.
この発明は前記従来の課題を解決するために、
前後左右の二次元方向機体の傾き誤差を同時に自
動的に補正することができ、自動鉛直視準機にお
いて直接真の天頂方向を視準設定することを可能
とし、また二次元レベルにおいて水平軸回りに旋
回するペンタプリズム等に正確に天頂方向に向い
た光束を入射させ、正確な水平旋回光束を射出す
ることを可能とした自動補正装置を具備する測量
機械を提案するもので、その要旨は、鉛直方向か
らの視準光を反射して一次元方向の視準光学系に
入射すると共に前記視準光学系によつて形成され
る視準軸を鉛直方向に指向させるように機体に懸
吊された一次元方向の機体傾斜補正用の懸吊反射
部材、又は、レーザー光等の光発光部から出射し
た一次元方向の光を上方へ反射させると共にこの
反射光の光軸を鉛直方向に指向させるように機体
に懸吊された一次元方向の機体傾斜補正用の懸吊
反射部材を有する一次元方向の傾き誤差の自動補
正装置を具備する測量機械において、前記懸吊反
射部材を前記一次元方向に沿つた水平な枢軸を介
して機体に揺動自在に懸吊した単振子に懸吊し、
前記一次元方向に直交する方向の機体の傾斜に対
しても自動補正することを可能とする二次元方向
の傾き誤差の自動補正装置を具備する測量機械に
ある。 In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, this invention
It is possible to automatically correct tilt errors of the aircraft in two-dimensional directions (front, rear, left, and right) at the same time, and it is possible to directly set the true zenith direction with an automatic vertical sighting device. This paper proposes a surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device that makes it possible to input a beam of light directed toward the zenith accurately into a rotating pentaprism, etc., and output a beam of light with an accurate horizontal rotation. It is suspended on the aircraft body so that the collimating light from the vertical direction is reflected and incident on the collimating optical system in a one-dimensional direction, and the collimating axis formed by the collimating optical system is directed in the vertical direction. A suspended reflecting member for correcting the aircraft inclination in one-dimensional direction, or one-dimensional light emitted from a light emitting unit such as a laser beam, is reflected upward, and the optical axis of this reflected light is directed in the vertical direction. In a surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device for tilt errors in a one-dimensional direction, which has a suspended reflecting member for correcting the aircraft's inclination in one-dimensional direction, the suspended reflecting member is suspended from the aircraft body in the one-dimensional direction. It is suspended from a simple pendulum that is swingably suspended from the fuselage via a horizontal axis along the
The present invention provides a surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device for tilt errors in two-dimensional directions, which makes it possible to automatically correct the tilt of the aircraft body in a direction perpendicular to the one-dimensional direction.
以下図示する実施例により本発明を詳細に説明
すると、本発明の測量機械は、第１図及び第２図
に示す如く、測量機械の機体内に水平の枢軸１に
ベアリング２を介して揺動自在に懸吊された単振
子３が設置され、その下面には本発明に係る懸吊
反射部材を構成する懸吊リボン交差型振子４が懸
吊されている。 The present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the embodiments shown below. As shown in FIGS. A freely suspended simple pendulum 3 is installed, and a suspended ribbon cross-type pendulum 4 constituting the suspended reflective member according to the present invention is suspended from the lower surface of the single pendulum 3.
懸吊リボン交差型振子４は、４本の細かい金属
リボン４ａをその支持部である単振子３と下方の
振子部４ｂとの間に交差状に連結してなり、単振
子３に対してその揺動方向と直交方向に揺動する
ように懸吊されている。そして、この懸吊リボン
交差型振子４は、支持部の傾きに対する振子部４
ｂの傾きの倍率ｋを−0.5に設定されており、支
持部である単振子３がその揺動方向と直交方向に
角度θだけ傾いたとき、振子部４ｂが反対方向に
θ／２傾くようになつている。 The suspended ribbon cross-type pendulum 4 is made by connecting four fine metal ribbons 4a in a cross-like manner between the simple pendulum 3, which is the supporting part, and the lower pendulum part 4b. It is suspended so as to swing in a direction perpendicular to the swing direction. This suspended ribbon cross-type pendulum 4 has a pendulum portion 4 that responds to the inclination of the support portion.
The magnification k of the inclination of b is set to -0.5, so that when the simple pendulum 3, which is the support part, is tilted by an angle θ in a direction perpendicular to its swing direction, the pendulum part 4b is tilted by θ/2 in the opposite direction. It's getting old.
このような懸吊リボン交差型振子４を構成する
ためには第３図において、互いに交差する懸吊リ
ボン４ａ，４ａの支持部における連結点の長さを
ａ、振子部における連結点の長さをｂ、懸吊リボ
ン４ａと支持部との交角をＭ、懸吊リボン４ａの
振子部の連結点における振子の重心Ｇに対する振
子部の交角をＮとすれば、
交差リンクの平衡条件の式は、
ｋ＝−１＋（ｂ／ａ）／（ｂ／ａ）−cotM・cot（Ｍ
−Ｎ）
であるから重心Ｇの位置を求める式は、
Ｎ＝Ｍ−tan-1ak／〔ｂ（ｋ−１）−ａ〕tanM
となり、ｋ＝0.5として重心Ｇを所定の位置に定
めることにより構成することができる。 In order to construct such a suspended ribbon crossing type pendulum 4, in FIG. If b is the intersection angle between the hanging ribbon 4a and the support part, M is the intersection angle of the pendulum part with respect to the center of gravity G of the pendulum at the connection point of the pendulum part of the hanging ribbon 4a, then the equation for the equilibrium condition of the cross link is , k=-1+(b/a)/(b/a)-cotM・cot(M
-N) Therefore, the formula for determining the position of the center of gravity G is N = M-tan -1 ak/[b(k-1)-a]tanM, and setting the center of gravity G at a predetermined position with k = 0.5. It can be configured by
懸吊リボン交差型振子４の揺動方向の前方にお
ける機体内には、光軸５を単振子３の枢軸１と平
行な水平方向に設定したコリメーシヨンレンズ６
が設置されている。そして、このコリメーシヨン
レンズ６の水平光軸５上における懸吊リボン交差
型振子４の振子部４ｂ上には、反射鏡、プリズム
等の反射部材７が設置され、この反射部材７はそ
の反射面において入射光軸が水平及び鉛直を成
し、水平光軸５に対して直角の鉛直光軸８を構成
するようになつている。 A collimation lens 6 whose optical axis 5 is set in a horizontal direction parallel to the pivot axis 1 of the simple pendulum 3 is disposed inside the fuselage in front of the suspended ribbon cross-type pendulum 4 in the swinging direction.
is installed. A reflecting member 7 such as a reflecting mirror or a prism is installed on the pendulum portion 4b of the suspended ribbon crossing pendulum 4 on the horizontal optical axis 5 of the collimation lens 6, and this reflecting member 7 reflects the The incident optical axes are horizontal and vertical on the plane, and a vertical optical axis 8 is perpendicular to the horizontal optical axis 5 .
鉛直光軸８と交差する部分における単振子３に
は、光束を透過するための透孔９が設けられてい
る。 A through hole 9 for transmitting a light beam is provided in the simple pendulum 3 at a portion intersecting the vertical optical axis 8 .
第１図に示す第一実施例は自動鉛直視準機に構
成した例を示したもので、鉛直光軸８に沿つて反
射部材７に入射した光束を直角に反射して水平光
軸５に沿つて水平方向に射出し、視準光学系のコ
リメーシヨンレンズ６を通してその焦点面に設置
した焦点板１０に結像させ、この投影像を接眼レ
ンズ１１で観測することにより鉛直点を視準する
ように構成されている。 The first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 shows an example configured as an automatic vertical sighting device, in which a light beam incident on a reflecting member 7 along a vertical optical axis 8 is reflected at right angles to a horizontal optical axis 5. The image is emitted in the horizontal direction along the collimation optical system, and is focused on the focus plate 10 installed on the focal plane through the collimation lens 6 of the collimation optical system.The vertical point is collimated by observing this projected image with the eyepiece lens 11. is configured to do so.
第２図に示す第２実施例は二次元レベルに構成
した例を示したもので、投影レンズ系のコリメー
シヨンレンズ６の焦点上にレーザ又は赤外線等を
発光する光源１２を設け、この光束をコリメーシ
ヨンレンズ６を介して反射部材７に入射させ、こ
こで鉛直に反射して鉛直光軸８上に旋回可能に配
したペンタプリズム等の第二反射部材１３により
水平方向に旋回しながら射出するように構成され
ている。 The second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 shows an example configured on a two-dimensional level, in which a light source 12 that emits laser or infrared rays is provided on the focal point of the collimation lens 6 of the projection lens system, and the luminous flux is is made incident on the reflection member 7 via the collimation lens 6, reflected vertically there, and rotated in the horizontal direction by a second reflection member 13 such as a pentaprism arranged so as to be able to rotate on the vertical optical axis 8. Configured to eject.
以上の構成において、いま機体が前後方向に
θ、左右方向にβだけ傾いたとすると、まず前後
方向の機体の傾きθにより単振子３は機体に対し
てθ傾き、これによつて懸吊リボン交差型振子４
の振子部４ａ及び反射部材７は−θ／２だけ傾く
ことになる。今この状態において第１図に示すよ
うに鉛直光束が反射部材７に入射すると、その反
射の法則により反射光束は懸吊リボン交差型振子
４の傾きが０の状態よりも反射部材７の傾きθ／
２の２倍、即ちθだけ傾きが増加した方向に反射
するため、機体の傾きθだけ傾いた光軸５に沿つ
て射出し、この結果機体の傾きに対する補正が成
立し、正確に鉛直方向を視準することが可能とな
る。 In the above configuration, if the aircraft is now tilted by θ in the longitudinal direction and β in the horizontal direction, the simple pendulum 3 will be tilted by θ with respect to the aircraft due to the inclination θ of the aircraft in the longitudinal direction, and this will cause the suspension ribbon to cross. type pendulum 4
The pendulum portion 4a and the reflecting member 7 are tilted by -θ/2. In this state, when a vertical beam of light enters the reflecting member 7 as shown in FIG. /
2, that is, in the direction in which the tilt increases by θ, the light is emitted along the optical axis 5, which is tilted by the tilt of the aircraft, θ, and as a result, the correction for the tilt of the aircraft is established, and the vertical direction is accurately determined. It becomes possible to aim.
一方機体の左右方向の傾きβにより単振子３及
び懸吊リボン交差型振子４は機体に対しβ傾いて
鉛直方向を指向するため、機体の左右方向の傾き
に対する補正が成立することになる。 On the other hand, due to the lateral inclination β of the aircraft body, the simple pendulum 3 and the suspended ribbon cross-type pendulum 4 are oriented vertically with an inclination β to the aircraft body, so that correction for the lateral inclination of the aircraft body is achieved.
従つて、機体が二次元方向のいかなる方向に傾
いても、鉛直光軸８を常に鉛直方向に維持するこ
とができ、これによつて鉛直視準機においては鉛
直点の視準が容易となり、また二次元レベルにお
いては常に正確な水平回転光束を射出することが
できる。 Therefore, even if the aircraft is tilted in any two-dimensional direction, the vertical optical axis 8 can always be maintained in the vertical direction, which makes it easy for the vertical sighting device to sight the vertical point. Furthermore, on a two-dimensional level, it is possible to always emit an accurate horizontally rotating light beam.
以上の通り、本発明に係る二次元方向の傾き誤
差の自動補正装置を具備する測量機械によれば、
鉛直方向からの視準光を反射して一次元方向の視
準光学系に入射すると共に前記視準光学系によつ
て形成される視準軸を鉛直方向に指向させるよう
に機体に懸吊された一次元方向の機体傾斜補正用
の懸吊反射部材、又は、レーザー光等の光発光部
から出射した一次元方向の光を上方へ反射させる
と共にこの反射光の光軸を鉛直方向に指向させる
ように機体に懸吊された一次元方向の機体傾斜補
正用の懸吊反射部材を有する一次元方向の傾き誤
差の自動補正装置を具備する測量機械において、
前記懸吊反射部材を前記一次元方向に沿つた水平
な枢軸を介して機体に揺動自在に懸吊した単振子
に懸吊し、前記一次元方向に直交する方向の機体
の傾斜に対しても、自動補正することを可能にし
た構成を有するから、例えば、自動鉛直視準機に
おいては、鉛直方向からの視準光を反射して鉛直
視準光学系に入射させる懸吊反射部材により、前
記鉛直視準光学系によつて形成される視準軸を前
記一次元方向とそれに直交する方向の二次元方向
の機体の傾斜に対して補正し、常時鉛直方向に指
向させているから、機体の傾斜にかかわらず常に
鉛直点を視準することができる効果があり、ま
た、レーザー光等を水平旋回光束として発光する
二次元レベルにおいては、光発光部の光束を反射
する懸吊反射部材によつて、射出光を常に鉛直方
向を指向するように自動的に補正することがで
き、これを水平方向に反射して回転走査すること
により、正確な水平旋回光束を得ることができる
効果がある。 As described above, according to the surveying machine equipped with the automatic correction device for two-dimensional tilt errors according to the present invention,
It is suspended on the aircraft body so that the collimating light from the vertical direction is reflected and incident on the collimating optical system in a one-dimensional direction, and the collimating axis formed by the collimating optical system is directed in the vertical direction. A suspended reflecting member for correcting the aircraft inclination in one-dimensional direction, or one-dimensional light emitted from a light emitting unit such as a laser beam, is reflected upward, and the optical axis of this reflected light is directed in the vertical direction. In a surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device for one-dimensional inclination errors, which has a suspended reflecting member suspended from the aircraft body for one-dimensional inclination correction,
The suspended reflecting member is suspended from a single pendulum that is swingably suspended from the fuselage via a horizontal axis along the one-dimensional direction, and the suspended reflective member is suspended from a single pendulum swingably suspended from the fuselage through a horizontal axis along the one-dimensional direction, and For example, in an automatic vertical sighting machine, a suspended reflection member that reflects the collimated light from the vertical direction and makes it enter the vertical collimation optical system, The collimation axis formed by the vertical collimation optical system is corrected for the inclination of the aircraft in the one-dimensional direction and the two-dimensional direction orthogonal thereto, and is always oriented in the vertical direction. This has the effect of always being able to aim at a vertical point regardless of the inclination of the light source.In addition, on a two-dimensional level where a laser beam or the like is emitted as a horizontally rotating light beam, it is possible to use a hanging reflective member that reflects the light beam of the light emitting part. Therefore, it is possible to automatically correct the emitted light so that it is always directed in the vertical direction, and by reflecting this in the horizontal direction and scanning it rotationally, it is possible to obtain an accurate horizontally rotating light beam. .
第１図は本発明に係る測量機械一実施例の要部
を示す概略縦断面図、第２図はその他の実施例の
要部を示す概略縦断面図であり、第３図はその要
部の一実施例の構成要約図である。
１……枢軸、３……単振子、４……懸吊リボン
交差型振子、４ａ……懸吊リボン、４ｂ……振子
部、５……光軸、６……コリメーシヨンレンズ、
７……反射部材、８……鉛直光軸。
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the main parts of one embodiment of the surveying machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the main parts of another embodiment, and FIG. 3 is the main part. FIG. 2 is a configuration summary diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. 1... Pivot, 3... Single pendulum, 4... Hanging ribbon crossing pendulum, 4a... Hanging ribbon, 4b... Pendulum portion, 5... Optical axis, 6... Collimation lens,
7... Reflection member, 8... Vertical optical axis.
Claims (1)
の視準光学系に入射すると共に前記視準光学系に
よつて形成される視準軸を鉛直方向に指向させる
ように機体に懸吊された一次元方向の機体傾斜補
正用の懸吊反射部材、又は、レーザー光等の光発
光部から出射した一次元方向の光を上方へ反射さ
せると共にこの反射光の光軸を鉛直方向に指向さ
せるように機体に懸吊された一次元方向の機体傾
斜補正用の懸吊反射部材を有する一次元方向の傾
き誤差の自動補正装置を具備する測量機械におい
て、前記懸吊反射部材を前記一次元方向に沿つた
水平な枢軸を介して機体に揺動自在に懸吊した単
振子に懸吊し、前記一次元方向に直交する方向の
機体の傾斜に対しても自動補正することを可能に
した二次元方向の傾き誤差の自動補正装置を具備
する測量機械。 ２ 特許請求の範囲１に記載された測量機械にお
いて、前記鉛直方向に指向させた平行光束を鉛直
光軸に対して90°光路変換して水平面内にてその
平行光束を測量対象に対して走査する回転反射部
材を設けたことを特徴とする二次元方向の傾き誤
差の自動補正装置を具備する測量機械。[Scope of Claims] 1. Reflecting the collimating light from the vertical direction and making it incident on the collimating optical system in a one-dimensional direction, and directing the collimating axis formed by the collimating optical system in the vertical direction. Reflects upward the one-dimensional light emitted from a suspended reflecting member for one-dimensional aircraft inclination correction suspended from the aircraft body, or from a light emitting unit such as a laser beam, and also reflects the reflected light upward. In a surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device for a tilt error in a one-dimensional direction having a suspended reflecting member for correcting the tilt of the aircraft in a one-dimensional direction, which is suspended from the aircraft body so that the axis is oriented in the vertical direction, the suspension The reflecting member is suspended from a simple pendulum that is swingably suspended from the aircraft body via a horizontal axis along the one-dimensional direction, and automatically compensates for the tilt of the aircraft in a direction perpendicular to the one-dimensional direction. A surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device for tilt errors in two-dimensional directions. 2. In the surveying machine according to claim 1, the parallel light beam directed in the vertical direction is converted into an optical path by 90° with respect to the vertical optical axis, and the parallel light beam is scanned against the surveying object in a horizontal plane. 1. A surveying machine equipped with an automatic correction device for tilt errors in two-dimensional directions, characterized in that a rotating reflecting member is provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21203989A JPH02118413A (en) | 1989-08-17 | 1989-08-17 | Surveying machine equipped with automatic correcting device for inclination error |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21203989A JPH02118413A (en) | 1989-08-17 | 1989-08-17 | Surveying machine equipped with automatic correcting device for inclination error |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29734688A Division JPH01158311A (en) | 1988-11-25 | 1988-11-25 | Automatic correcting apparatus of two-dimensional slant error in surveying instrument |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02118413A JPH02118413A (en) | 1990-05-02 |
| JPH0447245B2 true JPH0447245B2 (en) | 1992-08-03 |
Family
ID=16615858
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21203989A Granted JPH02118413A (en) | 1989-08-17 | 1989-08-17 | Surveying machine equipped with automatic correcting device for inclination error |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02118413A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19810447A1 (en) | 1998-03-11 | 1999-09-16 | Hilti Ag | Suspension for measuring arrangement influenced by large forces e.g. level, inclinometer |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4814253B1 (en) * | 1967-04-08 | 1973-05-04 | ||
| JPS5428652A (en) * | 1977-08-06 | 1979-03-03 | Tadashi Iizuka | Automatic leveling instrument |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4814253U (en) * | 1971-06-30 | 1973-02-17 |
-
1989
- 1989-08-17 JP JP21203989A patent/JPH02118413A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4814253B1 (en) * | 1967-04-08 | 1973-05-04 | ||
| JPS5428652A (en) * | 1977-08-06 | 1979-03-03 | Tadashi Iizuka | Automatic leveling instrument |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02118413A (en) | 1990-05-02 |
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