JPH0447128A - Turbocharger with dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease an overhanging quantity of a rotation element mounted on a rotational shaft by constituting a device such that a shaft sealing part is not existed between a dynamo-electric machine chamber and a bearing part where the rotational element is supported the overhanging condition in a turbocharger with an overhanging type dynamo-electric machine. CONSTITUTION:A turbocharger with a dynamo-electric machine is connected to impellers 2, 3 of a turbine, and a compressor by a rotational shaft 7. A bearing part 4 equipped with an oil passage 18 and a dynamo-electric machine chamber 6 are arranged between the turbine and the compressor. On a part of the rotational shaft 7 which penetrates the dynamo-electric machine chamber 6 which projects to the side of the dynamo-electric machine chamber 6 apart from the bearing part 4, a rotational element 10 of the dynamo-electric machine is mounted overhanging. In this case, a back plate 14 is mounted between the dynamo-electric machine chamber 6 and the compressor, and the rotational shaft 7 penetrates therethrough, and then the shaft sealing part 12 is positioned between the rotational element 10 and the compressor. The shaft sealing part between the dynamo-electric machine chamber 6 and the bearing part 4 which supports the element 10 under the overhanging condition is not required.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a turbocharger with a rotating electric machine.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art A turbocharger applied to an engine of an automobile or the like uses exhaust gas energy of the engine as its driving source. Also, some turbochargers have
A rotor of a rotating electric machine (for example, a synchronous machine that serves as a generator/motor) is installed on the rotating shaft that connects the turbine impeller and the compressor impeller, and depending on the engine condition, the exhaust gas energy can be extracted as electricity or used as a power source such as a battery. It has been proposed to drive the fuel as an electric motor to assist in supercharging operation.

There are various structures of turbochargers with rotating electric machines. Among these, for example, JP-A-51-106
No. 816, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-248920, etc., a rotating shaft directly connecting a turbine and each impeller of a compressor is supported by at least two bearings, and a rotor of a rotating electrical machine on the rotating shaft is It is located between the bearings.

However, with this method, the housing that houses the rotating electric machine (
The inner diameter of both ends of the housing is reduced because both ends of the rotating electrical equipment chamber serve as bearings. As a result, the inner diameter of both ends of the housing is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor, and the rotor cannot be inserted into the housing from one end, requiring measures such as splitting the housing to incorporate it, making the assembly process complicated. There was a problem in terms of productivity.

Therefore, as disclosed in JP-A-62-254649, JP-A-63-302136, JP-A-64-45922, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,253,031, between the turbine and the compressor, A bearing part that supports the rotating shaft of the turbine impeller or compressor impeller and a rotating electrical equipment room are arranged adjacent to each other, and the rotating shaft is inserted through the bearing part and the rotating electrical equipment room, and the part of the rotating shaft that protrudes from the bearing part is inserted into the rotating electrical equipment room. A method is used in which the rotor of a rotating electrical machine is mounted in an overhanging state.

This overhang method eliminates the need to narrow down one end of the housing that becomes the rotating electrical equipment room, so after passing the rotating shaft with the turbine impeller through the housing, the rotor of the single-turn machine and its accessories are inserted through the opening at one end of the housing near the compressor. Since the parts and the compressor impeller can be inserted into the rotating shaft in sequence, assembly can be simplified. However, there were some points that could be improved as follows.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Lubricating oil is supplied to the bearing that supports the rotating shaft of the turbocharger to prevent seizure of the bearing. In the conventional overhang system, a shaft seal was installed between the bearing and the rotating electrical equipment room to prevent this lubricating oil from entering the rotating electrical equipment room adjacent to the bearing and the compressor room next to it. .

According to such a shaft seal arrangement structure, the distance between the rotor of the rotating electrical machine and the bearing portion becomes longer due to the presence of the shaft seal, and the amount of overhang cannot be reduced. As a result, the load on the bearing section increases. Furthermore, the larger the overhang, the greater the swing and bending of the rotating shaft, and the greater the displacement of the compressor impeller at one end of the rotating shaft.

Therefore, the clearance between the compressor impeller and its case must be increased, which becomes a negative factor in compressor efficiency.

Furthermore, this type of rotating electric machine is subject to the thermal influence of the engine room and the turbine, and the magnets are likely to be demagnetized by the heat, resulting in a decrease in output, so it is desirable to cool the machine. Conventional cooling structures include providing holes in the compressor impeller to guide cooling air toward the rotating electrical equipment room, as in U.S. Patent No. 4,253,031.
There is a risk that the strength of the compressor impeller and compressor efficiency will decrease.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its purpose is to reduce or eliminate the overhang of the rotating electric machine while simplifying assembly, and to supply the material to the bearing section. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rational turbocharger with a rotating electric machine in which the lubricating oil can be used for cooling the rotating electric machine.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention basically proposes the following problem-solving means.

In order to facilitate understanding of the contents of the present invention, the first basic problem solving means will be referred to by the reference numerals of the embodiment shown in FIG.
The second basic problem-solving means will be explained by referring to the reference numerals of the embodiment shown in FIG.

The first means of solving the problem focuses on ease of assembly, reduction of overhang of the rotating electric machine, and cooling function, and includes the impellers of the turbine and supercharging compressor, which are driven by engine exhaust gas energy. 2゜3 is the rotation axis 7
A bearing part 4 with an oil passage 18 for introducing lubricating oil and a rotating electrical equipment chamber 6 are arranged in parallel between the turbine and compressor, and the bearing part of the rotating shaft 7 passing through the rotating electrical equipment compartment 6 is connected to the bearing part 4°. In a turbocharger in which a rotor 10 of a rotating electrical machine is attached in an overhanging state to a portion extending from a rotating electrical machine room 6 from 4.

A back plate 1 is installed between the rotating electrical machine room 6 and the compressor.
4 is attached, and the rotating shaft 7 is passed through the back plate 14, and the shaft seal portion 12 is positioned between the rotor 10 and the compressor, while the rotating electrical machine room 6 and its rotor 10 are supported in an overhanging state. The structure is such that no shaft seal part is provided between the bearing part 4 and the bearing part 4.

The second problem-solving means focuses on eliminating the overhang and cooling function of a single-rotation machine that is easy to assemble. 2゜3 is the rotation axis 7
In the turbocharger, in which a rotating electric machine room 6 is arranged between the turbine and the compressor, and a rotor 10 in the rotating electric machine room is provided on the rotating shaft 7, lubricating oil is introduced between the turbine and the rotating electric machine room 6. A first bearing section 4 having an oil passage 18 is provided, a back plate 14 is attached between the rotating electrical machine room 6 and the compressor, a second bearing section 5 is provided on this back plate 14, and a first bearing section 4 is provided with an oil passage 18. A rotor 10 of a rotating electric machine is placed between the second bearing parts 4 and 5.
The rotating shaft 7 is rotated by these bearings 4 and 5 while
and a structure in which a part of the lubricating oil enters into the rotating electrical machine room 6 from the first bearing part 4 side without providing a shaft seal part between the first bearing part 4 and the rotating electrical machine room 6. On the other hand, the back plate 14 is provided with a shaft seal portion 12-1 for sealing between the rotating electrical machine room 6 and the compressor.

[Effect]

With this configuration, in the overhang type turbocharger with a rotating electric machine, there is no shaft seal between the rotating electric machine chamber 6 and the bearing part 4 that supports the rotor 10 with an overhang, so that the rotating shaft The amount of overhang of the rotor 10 attached to the rotor 7 is reduced.

Moreover, even if the shaft seal part does not exist between the rotating electrical machine room 6 and the bearing part 4, the back plate 14 interposed between the rotating electrical machine room 6 and the compressor and the shaft seal part 1 attached thereto can be used.
2 does not impair sealing performance.

According to the present problem solving means, a part of the lubricating oil supplied to the bearing portion 4 actively enters the rotating electrical equipment chamber 6 side, but the lubricating oil that has entered the rotating electrical equipment compartment 6 is
The presence of the lubricating oil 4 and the shaft seal portion 12 prevents the lubricating oil from entering the 0-rotation electric machine chamber 6 from entering the compressor side.The lubricating oil that has entered the 0-rotation electric machine chamber 6 is effectively used as a means for cooling the 1-rotator and other rotating electric machine elements. Ru.

In addition, when assembling the turbocharger, when attaching the rotor 10 and its accessories to the rotating shaft 7 that comes out from the bearing part 4 to the rotating electrical equipment room 6, the back plate 14 must be removed in advance and the synchronous chamber 6 (housing IB ) can be assembled sequentially from the opening at one end, and then the back plate can be attached, so the assembly work can be kept simple.

Operation of the second problem-solving means... In the present problem-solving means, the first bearing part 4 and the second bearing part 5 support the rotating shaft 7 on both sides of the rotor 10 of the rotating electric machine, so that the rotor 10
overhang can be eliminated.

Furthermore, even if the overhang method is not adopted, parts such as the rotor 10 can be sequentially assembled from one end of the opening of the housing IB with the back plate 14 removed in the same way as in the first problem solving means, thereby simplifying the assembly. Similarly to the first problem solving means, the rotating electric machine is cooled using lubricating oil.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a main body of a turbocharger, a turbine case (not shown) housing a turbine impeller 2, and a compressor case (not shown) housing a compressor impeller 3. (omitted), a housing IA equipped with a bearing part 4 (here, the bearing part 4 consists of radial bearings 4A, 4B, and a thrust bearing 4C), and a chamber 6 of a rotating electrical machine (in this example, a synchronous machine that serves as a generator/motor). It consists of a center housing IB, etc., which has a

Between the turbine case and the compressor case, a housing IA (bearing part 4) and a center housing IB (rotating electrical equipment room 6) are arranged in order from the turbine side, and a rotating shaft 7 is located at the center of the housing IA and center housing IB. penetrate.

A turbine impeller 2 is attached to one end of the rotating shaft 7, and a compressor impeller 3 is attached to the other end.

The turbine impeller 2 is driven by engine exhaust gas introduced into the turbine case, and the supercharged intake air of the compressor impeller 3 is supplied to the engine via the engine's intake system.

A shaft through hole 8 is formed in the center of the housing IA,
Two radial bearings 4A and 4B are arranged at both ends of the shaft through hole 8, and a rotating shaft 7 passing through the shaft through hole 8 is supported by the radial bearings 4A and 4B. It is supported via a bearing 4C.

The radial bearings 4A, 4B and the thrust bearing 4C in this embodiment are metal bearings.

Of the rotating shaft 7, the bearing portion 4 (radial bearing 4A).

4B, thrust bearing 4C), there is a bearing part 4
The rotor 10 of the rotating electric machine in order from the compressor side.
．． Seat ring 15. A spacer 11 is arranged, and a compressor impeller 3 is further attached.

The seat ring 15 is in contact with a shaft seal portion 12, which will be described next.

Here, the mounting structure of the shaft seal portion 12 will be explained.

The center housing IB has a rotating electrical machine chamber 6 inside, has a hollow cylindrical shape, has a stator 13 of the rotating electrical machine fixedly arranged on its inner wall, and has a magnet 10A and a cover 10 on the rotating shaft 7 side.
A rotor (field rotor) 10 consisting of B is attached.

Further, one end of the rotating electrical equipment chamber 6 is closed by the side wall of the housing IA, and a disk-shaped back plate 14 is attached to the other end with screws. The impeller 3 housing section) is partitioned off.

A through hole for the rotating shaft 7 is formed in the center of the back plate 14, and the spacer 11 is located in this through hole. Also,
The shaft seal portion 12 is press-fitted into the inner shaft of the back plate 14 so as to surround the spacer 11.

In this embodiment, a mechanical seal is used as the shaft seal portion 12, the details of which are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the mechanical seal 12 has a spring 12
The backing 12b is brought into pressure contact with the seat ring 15 by a, thereby creating a shaft seal between the rotating electric machine 6 and the compressor.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a turbine side shaft seal portion, which is interposed between the inside of the housing IA and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 7 so as to be located between the radial bearing 4A and the turbine impeller 2.

The housing IA is provided with a passage 17 for introducing a portion of engine cooling water, and an oil passage 18 for supplying a portion of engine oil as lubricating oil to the radial bearings 4A, 4B and the thrust bearing 4C. Oil passage 18
An oil drain hole 19 is provided to communicate the downstream side (downstream side with respect to the bearing part 4) of the rotary electric machine room 6 and the lower part of the rotating electrical machine room 6.

Here, the assembly of the turbocharger of this embodiment will be explained.

A radial bearing 4 is installed in advance in the shaft insertion portion 8 of the housing IA.
A, 4B and thrust bearing 4C are installed, and housing IA and center housing IB are coupled. After that, with the turbine impeller 2 attached to one end of the rotating shaft 7, the other end of the rotating shaft 7 is inserted from the turbine side through the inside of the housing IA and center housing IB (rotating electrical equipment room 6), and reaches the compressor side. let

Next, the rotor 10. The seat ring 15 is fitted. In this case, the rotary shaft 7 has a multistage shape in advance, and the thrust bearing 4C is positioned by one of the stages 7a, and the rotor 10, seat ring 15, spacer 11, etc. are automatically positioned based on this. After fitting the rotor 10, seat ring 15, etc., a back plate 14 with a shaft seal portion 12 is attached so as to close one end opening of the center housing IB, and then a spacer is attached adjacent to the seat ring 15 of the rotating shaft 7. 11 and compressor impeller 3 are attached. The turbine case and compressor case are then installed.

With such a configuration, the shaft seal portion 12 is located on the compressor side with respect to the rotor 10 of the rotating electrical machine, and the shaft seal portion is present between the rotating electrical machine chamber 6 and the bearing portion 4. Therefore, the rotor 10 can be provided immediately next to the thrust bearing 4C, and the amount of overhang of one rotor 10 is smaller than in the conventional case. FIG. 3(a) shows the amount of overhang of the rotor 10 of this embodiment, and FIG. 3(b) shows the amount of overhang of the conventional rotor 10. Figure 3(b)
Compared to the case where the shaft seal portion 12' is located between the rotor 10 and the thrust bearing 4C as in the conventional example shown in FIG. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress deflection 2 of the rotary shaft 7 on the compressor impeller side. As a result, the clearance between the compressor impeller 3 and the inner periphery of the compressor case can be reduced, and compressor efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, the load on the bearing part 4 can be reduced, and the reliability of the bearing part can be improved.

A portion of engine oil is circulated and supplied to the radial bearings 4A, 4B and the thrust bearing 4C via an oil passage 18.

Figure 2 shows the flow of lubricating oil. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, a portion of the lubricating oil supplied to the radial bearings 4A, 4B and the thrust bearing 4C enters the rotating electrical equipment chamber 6 and is scattered by the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 7. This lubricating oil directly cools the rotor 10 of the rotating electric machine, and prevents the magnet IOA of the rotor 10 from being demagnetized by heat. After cooling, the oil flows down to the bottom of the rotating electrical machine room 6 and joins the oil passage 18 through the drain hole 19 . To the compressor side,
The presence of the shaft seal portion 12 prevents lubricating oil from flowing out.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the overhang amount of the rotor 10 of the rotating electrical machine is reduced while maintaining the ease of assembling the turbocharger, thereby improving the efficiency of the turbocharger and the reliability of the bearing. Moreover, the rotating electric machine can be cooled rationally using lubricating oil.

Furthermore, the oil passage 18 formed in the housing IA is
A device with the same structure as the conventional one can be used, and there is no need to design a new one.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3(b), a shaft seal portion 12' was provided right next to the thrust bearing 4C, but the vicinity of the thrust bearing 4C rotates under the influence of the oil pressure in the oil passage 18. The pressure is higher than that in the electrical equipment compartment 6, and therefore lubricating oil tends to leak into the centaph 1 housing IB and eventually into the compressor. It was also necessary to provide an auxiliary shaft seal between the two.

On the other hand, according to the shaft seal structure of this embodiment, the lubricating oil is actively allowed to enter the rotating electrical machine room 6 from the thrust bearing 4C for cooling purposes, and is sealed on the compressor side.

In this way, the oil pressure of the lubricating oil is temporarily lowered in the rotating electrical machine room 6, and the lubricating oil is scattered in the centrifugal direction by the rotation of the rotor 10, so that the shaft seal portion 12 can be satisfied at one location. It has the advantage of being able to

A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

The same reference numerals as in the first embodiment indicate the same or common elements.

In this embodiment, a seal ring 12-1 is used in the back plate 14 as a shaft seal portion.

The seal ring 12-1 is interposed between the outer periphery of the spacer 11 and the inner periphery of the back plate 14.

In addition to the above-mentioned shaft seal portion, for example, a labyrinth seal 12-2 as shown in FIG. 7 may be used, and the type thereof is not limited.

FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the first bearing portion 4 is radial bearings 4A and 4B arranged in the same manner as in each of the above-described embodiments. Further, a thrust bearing 5 is attached to a back plate 14 arranged between the housing IB and the compressor, and this is used as a second bearing part. In order to arrange the thrust bearing 5 in the above arrangement, a part of the oil passage 18 is branched, and a branch passage 2o thereof is formed from the housing IA to the center housing IB, so that lubricating oil is directly supplied to the thrust bearing 5. It is.

According to such a structure, since the first bearing part 4 and the second bearing part 5 are located at both ends of the rotor 10, the rotor 1o
Eliminate overhang. Furthermore, the installation of the rotor 1o and the like and the cooling of the lubricating oil are performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment S''.The second bearing portion 5 may be a radial bearing.

FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the arrangement structure of the shaft seal portion 12 is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the difference is that two ball bearings 21 and 22 are used as bearings for the rotating shaft 7, The bearings 21 and 22 serve as both a radial bearing and a thrust bearing.

FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, regarding the arrangement structure of the shaft seal portion 12, the first
It is similar to the embodiment, except that the oil passage 18
An orifice 24 is provided in which the lubricating oil is actively guided into the rotating electrical machine room 6 through a branch passage 23 and also goes to the exit side of the divided passage 23.

According to such a configuration, the lubricating oil guided through the branch passage 23 is blown out into the center housing IB through the orifice 24. Therefore, there is an advantage that the rotating electrical machine can be cooled more than in each of the embodiments described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in the first problem solving means, when an overhang method with excellent assembly efficiency is adopted,
(a) While maintaining the simplicity of assembly, (b) by locating the shaft seal between the rotating electrical equipment room and the compressor,
It is possible to reduce the amount of overhang of the rotating electric machine, which in turn improves the reliability of the bearing and compressor efficiency. It can prevent a decrease in the output of electrical equipment.

The second problem solving means has the effect of eliminating overhang in addition to the above (a) and (c).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow state of lubricating oil, Fig. 3 (a)
, (b) is an explanatory diagram comparing the amount of overhang of the rotor of the first embodiment and the conventional example, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part showing a part of the first embodiment, and FIG. A vertical sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part showing a part thereof,
Figure 7 is. 8 to 10, which are cross-sectional views showing other aspects of the shaft seal portion used in the present invention, are vertical cross-sectional views showing the third to fifth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1 (LA, IB)...turbocharger body, IA
...housing, IB...center housing, 2.
... Turbine impeller, 3... Compressor impeller, 4... Bearing part (first bearing part), 4A, 4B...
Radial bearing, 4C...Thrust bearing, 5...Second
bearing part, 6... Rotating electrical equipment room, 7... Rotating shaft, 10
...Rotor (field rotor), 12.12-1.12-
2... Shaft seal portion, 14... Back plate, 15
...Seat ring, 18...Oil passage, 19...
・Oil drain, 21A, 21B...Ball bearing,
23... Branch passage, 24... Orifice. (1 other person) / Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 12-1・-shaft/-knob section 4 First bearing section 5- Second bearing part FIG. 21A. 21B... Pol bearing diagram R 23... Branch passage 24... Orifice

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A turbine whose driving source is engine exhaust gas energy and an impeller of a supercharging compressor are connected by a rotating shaft, and a bearing section with an oil passage for introducing lubricating oil between the turbine and compressor; In a turbocharger in which rotating electrical machine rooms are arranged side by side, and a rotor of the rotating electrical machine is mounted in an overhanging state on a portion of the rotating shaft that passes through the bearing part and the rotating electrical machine room and exits from the bearing part to the rotating electrical machine room, A back plate is attached between the rotating electrical equipment room and the compressor, and the rotating shaft is passed through the back plate, and a shaft seal portion is provided between the rotor and the compressor, while the rotating electrical equipment room and the rotor are connected to each other. A turbocharger with a rotating electrical machine, characterized in that the turbocharger has a structure in which a shaft seal part is not provided between a bearing part that supports the turbocharger in an overhanging state. 2. A turbocharger with a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the bearing section includes two radial bearings and one thrust bearing. 3. A turbocharger with a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the bearing portion is composed of two ball bearings. 4. A turbine whose driving source is engine exhaust gas energy and the impeller of a supercharging compressor are connected by a rotating shaft, a rotating electrical machine room is arranged between the turbine and the compressor, and the rotor in the rotating electrical machine room is connected to the In a turbocharger provided on a rotating shaft, a first bearing portion having an oil passage for introducing lubricating oil is provided between the turbine and the rotating electrical machine room, and a first bearing section is provided between the turbine and the rotating electrical machine room.
A back plate is attached between the compressors, a second bearing is provided on the back plate, and while the rotor of the rotating electric machine is positioned between the first and second bearings, the rotating shaft is rotated by these bearings. and without providing a shaft seal portion between the first bearing portion and the rotating electric machine
A part of the lubricating oil enters the rotating electric machine chamber from the bearing side of the compressor, and the back plate is provided with a shaft seal part for sealing between the rotating electric machine chamber and the compressor. A turbocharger with a rotating electric machine. 5. In the fourth aspect, the first bearing part is a radial bearing part, and the second bearing part is a thrust bearing part,
A turbocharger with a rotating electric machine, in which an oil passage of the first bearing part branches to the second thrust bearing part to supply lubricating oil. 6. The turbocharger with a rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an oil drain hole communicating with the oil passage is provided in a lower part of the rotating electric machine room. 7. In any one of claims 1 to 6, a part of the oil passage branches before reaching the bearing part, and part of the lubricating oil is used as cooling oil to flow into the rotating electrical machine room. A turbocharger with a rotating electrical machine that has a passageway leading to. 8. A turbocharger with a rotating electrical machine according to claim 7, wherein the passage for introducing the cooling oil into the rotating electrical machine room has an orifice formed at the exit of the passage to blow out the cooling oil into the rotating electrical machine room. 9. The turbocharger with a rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the shaft seal portion is constituted by any one of a mechanical seal, a seal ring, and a labyrinth seal.