JPH0446333B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a thermal storage block surrounded by thermal insulation, a heating element within the thermal storage block, at least one heat consuming device (e.g. cooking plate, oven, radiator, etc.). The present invention relates to a heating device having a heat pipe (heat transport element) which emerges from the heat storage block and extends upwardly and is led through the insulation to the heat consuming device.

(Prior Art) A known heating device (Federal Republic of Germany Patent Application Publication No. 1141063), which is the premise of the present invention, is
Electrically heated heat storage range, which therefore has a heating coil as electric heating element, which heating element is used to heat the heat storage block with preferably reduced nighttime current. In this heating device, the heat transport element is made of a material with good thermal conductivity,
In particular, it is a vertically movably guided tube made of copper or a suitable pin. The heat transfer rate of the heat transfer element is controlled here as follows. That is, it changes the effective heat transfer area between the heat transfer element and the heat consuming device or a suitable heat transfer frame of the heat consuming device.
The heat transfer frame together with the corresponding end of the heat transfer element forms a control element. This control member is associated with a mechanical control device in the form of a sliding drive acting perpendicularly on the heat transfer element.

Separate heating device (Patent No. 294328 of the Federal Republic of Germany)
The heating device (No. 1, No. 1, No. 1, No. 1, No. 1, 2003, No. 1, No. 1, September 2003) also operates in the same manner as the above-mentioned known heating device. Here, the heat transfer element is essentially constructed as a solid copper rod, but has a valve section as a control element, which is arranged in an insulated rotating frame. By rotating the valve part, the effective heat transfer area between the individual parts of the heat transfer element can be
It is steplessly variable from 0% to 100%. A rotary knob is provided here as a control device.

Finally, the use of so-called heat pipes as heat transfer elements in heating devices with heat storage blocks has been known for some time (DE 32 26 782). In such known heating devices, the heat pipe is connected on the one hand to a solar collector for heat absorption, and on the other hand is inserted as a heating element into a heat storage block. Another heat pipe exits the heat storage block and leads to a heat dissipation device, here in the form of a cooking board. By lifting and tilting the entire heating device, or by adjusting the heat pipe to different gradients, the heat transfer rate of the heat pipe can be controlled. This control technology uses a tube made of a suitable material closed at both ends as a heat pipe.
It is considered that a small portion of this tube is filled with liquid refrigerant. When a heat pipe is arranged with a predetermined minimum gradient, heat is transported from the lower end to the higher end in the following manner. That is, the refrigerant begins to evaporate at the lower, hot end, and the resulting vapor rises and condenses at the upper, colder end, releasing heat. The condensate returns to the lower end of the heat pipe again, forming a heat transport loop. Transfer of heat in the opposite direction, thus from the upper end of the heat pipe to the lower end, is not possible, so that from a thermotechnical point of view the heat pipe acts as a check valve.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The problem underlying the invention is to improve known heating devices with temperature-controllable universal heat consumers with respect to efficiency and to simplify them with respect to controllability.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, the above problems are achieved by the following means. That is, the upper region of the heat pipe has a forward passage that allows only an upward flow of steam, and a reverse passage that is approximately parallel to this passage and allows only a downward flow of fluid.
A passage configuration in which the division of the heat pipe into a forward passage and a reverse passage takes place within the heat storage block, but just below the overlying insulation, directing the upward vapor flow to the forward passage. A heat pipe section connecting the forward passage to the reverse passage slopes downward from the top of the forward passage to the reverse passage in order to distribute the liquid flow upward and downward into the reverse passage. The vapor/liquid flow in the heat pipe is
The heat transfer rate of the heat pipe is therefore controlled by the control member.

(Function) According to the present invention, by configuring the forward passage and the reverse passage provided in the heat pipe as described above, vapor rises only in the forward passage, and liquid always rises in the reverse passage. descend to A controller regulates the flow of vapor or liquid within the heat pipe. In addition, the division of the heat pipe into the forward passage and the reverse passage is carried out within the heat storage block, but directly below the insulation material above it, so that the lower region of the heat pipe within the heat storage block is Almost the entire inner periphery of the tube is subjected to heat exchange action.

(Example) FIG. 1 shows an outline of a heating device of the present invention. The illustrated heating device first has a heat storage block 2 surrounded by a heat insulating material 1. The heat storage medium for the heat storage block 2 includes solid materials well known as heat storage media, such as ceramics, heat storage bricks, aluminum, cast iron, etc., as well as suitable liquids, salts having a suitable melting point, and the like. Additionally, salt mixtures with suitable melting points can be used as heat storage media. The insulation material 1 can be any type of conventional insulation material, which must of course be able to withstand the considerable internal temperatures of the heat storage block in the cooking appliance. Furthermore, the heating device has a heating element 3 in the heat storage block 2. This heating element 3 is coupled to an absorption and collection surface 4 of a solar collector, for example.

FIG. 1 shows that the heating device has two heat consuming devices 5 in the form of cooking plates, both of which are made of heat insulating material 1.
It shows that it is buried inside. Of course, instead of the cooking plate as the heat consuming device 5, ovens, and possibly separate cooking utensils, and therefore elements combining cooking plate and utensils can also be considered. The heating device can also include a heater or the like as a heat consuming device.

A heat transport element 6 comes out from the heat storage block 2,
This heat transport element is connected to the heat dissipating device 5 through the insulation material.
is familiar with The heat transport element 6 itself is completely passed through the heat storage block 2 and the insulation 1 in order to embed the heat dissipation device 5 in the insulation 1. The heat transfer rate of the heat transfer element 6 can be controlled by a control member 7, which control member is of mechanical construction.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention, in which the heat transfer element 6 is constituted by a heat pipe, which rises from the heat storage block 2 towards the heat dissipation device 5 to provide an advantageous is guided almost vertically. The upper region of the heat pipe 6 is configured in two passages, namely a forward passage 8 which allows only an upward vapor flow, and a forward passage 8 approximately parallel to this which allows only a downward liquid flow. It has a reverse passage 9 to

The division between the upward vapor flow in the forward passage 8 and the downward liquid flow in the reverse passage 9 is not effected by a check valve or the like, but on the one hand, the upper end of the forward passage 8 is heated. By providing the highest point of the pipe 9 and guiding the heat pipe 6 obliquely downward from there towards the reverse channel 9, and on the other hand by making the flow cross-section of the reverse channel 9 particularly small, It is carried out with To be precise, in the embodiment shown, the flow cross-section of the reverse channel 9 is capillary-like small, ie the diameter of the reverse channel 9 is approximately 3 mm. If there is a reverse steam flow in the reverse passage 9, the reverse passage 9 effectively blocks the upward steam flow. On the other hand, if the heat pipe 6 is cleverly guided via the highest point at the upper end of the forward passage 8, the liquid will always flow down into the reverse passage 9.

Additionally, FIG. 2 shows that the division of the heat pipe 6 into a forward passage 8 and a reverse passage 9 takes place immediately below the insulation 1. This is shown in somewhat enlarged view in FIG. The lower end of the heat pipe 6 shown in Figure 3 has a diameter of approximately 25 to 40 mm, preferably approximately 30 mm in the illustrated embodiment, and the forward passage 8 leading upwards has a diameter of approximately 10 mm. All parts of the heat pipe 6 are made of copper and a water fill of approximately 15 g is inside the heat pipe 6 in the embodiment shown here.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the control member 7 is arranged not in the forward passage 8 but in the reverse passage 9. Thereby, the control element 7 can be constructed as small as possible in any case and therefore inexpensively. In addition, this configuration has the following advantages: That is, if the heat storage block 2 is at a high temperature, but only a small amount of heat is released from the heat consumption device 5, all the liquid will collect in the top region of the heat pipe 6 and therefore in the coldest place. and is prevented by the control member 7 from returning downwards in the reverse passage 9. Therefore, in this state, the heat pipe 6 receives only a small internal pressure, and the high internal pressure generated within the heat pipe 6 due to the evaporation of the liquid is
This only occurs during actual operation and therefore when heat is dissipated via the heat consuming device 5.

The control member 7 is arranged directly below the heat consuming device 5, preferably within the insulation 1. This means that
It is taken into account that the arrangement of the control element 7 in the heat storage block 2 may result in a flow of leakage heat through the control element 7 as the case may be.

In FIG. 1 the insulation 1 is surrounded by a casing made of a plate or the like, whereas in FIG. 2 the insulation 1 is constructed as an integral insulation,
The outside is therefore so resistant that no additional casing is required.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, it is particularly advantageous with respect to efficiency that the ends of the heat pipes 6 in the heat consumer 5 are integrated into a plate 16 forming the heat consumer 5 itself. The plate 16 is made of aluminum and the ends of the heat pipes 6 are cast into this plate 16. In addition, as appropriate, other means may be provided to improve the heat transfer from the heat pipes 6 to the heat consuming device 5, such as heat transfer plates or the like.

Although it is preferable that the heat pipe 6 is made of copper, experiments have shown that it may be made of aluminum or cast iron, or that pipes made of other materials may be combined.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which a coil 6a promoting the return of liquid to the lower region of the heat pipe 6 is arranged on the inner wall. This provides a return aid for the liquid, which of course may also be provided in other ways.

In addition, FIG. 2 shows that the heat pipe 6 is connected in a region within the heat storage block 2 to a large-area heat absorption plate 6b.
In the embodiment shown here, the heat absorbing plate 6b is
It is constructed as an aluminum plate with a hole approximately 10 mm in diameter and placed diagonally within the heat storage block 2. One end of the heat absorption plate 6b is connected to the heat storage block 2.
It is schematically shown that it can be directly coupled to a heat pipe or the like that supplies heat to the device.

It is clear to the expert how to configure the control member 7 for adjusting the heat transfer rate. In any case, in the preferred embodiment illustrated here:
The control element 7 is designed as a valve and, according to the advantageous teaching of the invention, as a regulating valve. Basically, the valve may be configured as an on-off valve, but
This valve requires special control technology measures, which will be explained later, in order to achieve a controllable heat transfer rate of the heat pipe 6. Examples of valves that can be used here include specialized books on refrigerators (Lüger: "Lexicon der Technique" Volume 16 "Lexicon der Verfehrenstechnique",
DVA, Schuttgart, 1970, p. 398)
is shown.

Control valve 7 basically used as a control member
can be constructed like a kettle, so that a rotary knob can be used as the operating element. In addition, a valve section may be provided which allows the flow cross section to be adjusted. For example, the valve section can be made of an elastic material and the heat transfer rate of the heat pipe 6 can be controlled by squeezing the valve section.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, control of the control member 7 or regulating valve 7 is effected mechanically by a rotary knob or the like. Therefore, the control member 7 or the regulating valve 7
If configured appropriately, special characteristic curves regarding the control characteristics can be realized. For example, after initial rapid heating with a high heat transfer rate, the heat transfer rate can be reduced for continued cooking. An electrical or electronic control device can also be provided for the control member 7;
In this case, for example, an electromagnetic or electromechanical or electro-pneumatic control element 7 is considered. It is important that electrical or electronic control devices offer a large number of control technology possibilities. For example, a complete control circuit can be realized by a temperature sensor in the heat consumer 5, so that by controlling the heat transfer rate of the heat pipe 6, the heat consumer 5 is always maintained at the same temperature. For example, in order to heat up very quickly to a very high temperature and then reduce the temperature for continued cooking over a predetermined time, a special time-dependent device for the temperature of the heat consuming device 5 is used in conjunction with a known time switch. Characteristic curves can also be realized. The electric or electronic control device can also be configured to take into account, in conjunction with a temperature sensor in the heat storage block 2, that the temperature in the heat storage block 2 has fallen below a predetermined lower limit value. In this case the heat consuming device 5
can be "shrinked" and/or the heating element 3 can be additionally switched on, for example if the heating element 3 is configured as an electric heating coil, during which it is additionally heated by a relatively expensive daytime current. . In addition, it has been found to be advantageous to provide the control device with a suitable function display.

If the control element 7 is configured as a valve, the electric or electronic control device provides the possibility of opening and closing the valve in a pulsed manner. Even though such pulsed opening and closing of the control member 7 cannot be realized by the on-off valve alone, the operating ratio between opening and closing of the control member 7, which allows the use of the on-off valve, determines the heat transfer rate as a result.

Finally, according to another advantageous teaching of the invention, which is not shown in the figures, if a heat pipe leading from a solar collector or the like to a heat storage block is used as a heating element, this heat pipe also has a heat transfer coefficient. It may have suitable control members for controlling. By "shutting off" the heating element in the form of a heat pipe, overheating of, for example, a heat storage block can be easily prevented. This is an advantageous configuration of the teaching of the invention, especially in connection with electrical or electronic control devices with a temperature sensor in the heat storage block.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, vapor rises only in the forward passage, and liquid always descends into the reverse passage.
By simply providing a control device for adjusting the amount of flow in any of the passages, the temperature of the heat consuming device can be easily, reliably, and efficiently controlled.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 schematically shows a heating device according to the invention in cross section, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the heating device according to the invention in a view corresponding to FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a heat pipe. It is a schematic diagram which expanded and showed the lower range. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Heat insulation material, 2... Heat storage block, 3... Heating element, 5... Heat consumption device, 6... Heat pipe, 7... Control member, 8... Forward path, 9...
Reverse passage.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A heat storage block 2 surrounded by a heat insulating material 1, a heating element 3 within the heat storage block 2, at least one heat dissipating device 5, and a heat insulating material 1 extending upwardly from the heat storage block 2. a heating device with a heat pipe 6 leading to the heat consuming device 5 through a forward passage 8 in which the upper region of the heat pipe 6 only allows an upward flow of steam; It has a two-passage configuration including a reverse direction passage 9 which is almost parallel to the opposite direction and allows only a downward flow of fluid, b) The division of the heat pipe 6 into the forward direction passage 8 and the reverse direction passage 9 is a heat storage block. 2 but directly below the overlying insulation 1, c for distributing the upward vapor flow to the forward passage 8 and the downward liquid flow to the reverse passage 9;
The heat pipe section connecting the forward passage 8 to the reverse passage 9 is sloped downward from the top of the forward passage 8 towards the reverse passage 9, and d the vapor/liquid flow in the heat pipe 6 is , and therefore the heat transfer rate of the heat pipe 6 is controlled by a control member 7. 2. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the flow cross-sectional area of the reverse passage 9 is narrower than the flow cross-sectional area of the forward passage 8. 3. Heating device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the control member 7 is arranged in the forward passage 8. 4. Heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control member 7 is arranged directly below the heat consuming device 5, in particular in the insulation 1. 5. The portion of the heat pipe 6 in the heat consuming device 5 is in the form of a loop 15.
5. The heating device according to any one of 4 to 4. 6. Part of the heat pipe 6 in the heat consumer 5 is integrated, in particular in a plate 16 forming the heat consumer 5 itself, and is cast in the plate 16, in particular made of aluminium. or 5
The heating device according to any one of the above. 7 Claim 1, wherein the heat pipe 6 is made of copper
7. The heating device according to any one of items 6 to 6. 8. The heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a coil 6a or the like for promoting return of liquid is arranged on the inner wall of the heat pipe 6. 9. In the range of the heat storage block 2, the heat pipe 6 is coupled to at least one heat absorption plate 6b etc. that extends over a large area within the heat storage block 2,
A heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that an electric or electronic control device is provided for the control member 7. 11. Claim 1, wherein the control member configured as a valve can be opened and closed in a pulsed manner by a control device.
0. The heating device according to 0. 12 The heating element is formed by the upper end of a heat pipe guided upward from a solar collector or the like towards the heat storage block, for which the heat pipe has its own control member for the heat transfer output. provided, the flow of vapor/liquid in this heat pipe can be controlled by a control member, and the control member is arranged preferably close to the heat storage block, in particular in the insulation surrounding the heat storage block,
A heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.