JPH0442334B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Technical Field) The present invention relates to a delivery for glass molding in which a molten glass gob (gob) is guided to a predetermined mold in a glass molding device, and in particular, the present invention relates to a delivery for glass molding that guides a molten glass gob (gob) to a predetermined mold. The present invention relates to a delivery for glass molding that can effectively reduce the occurrence of defects in products. (Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, in glass forming equipment used to manufacture glass products such as bottles, cups, beakers and flasks, glass is generally melted in a melting furnace and then cut into a predetermined size. In order to guide the molten glass gob (hereinafter referred to as gob) into a predetermined mold (push mold), there is a scoop that receives gobs that are continuously supplied from above, and a scoop that conveys the gob to the mold. A delivery for glass molding is used, which is comprised of a trough and a deflector that guides the bumps conveyed by the trough into a mold. and the scoops constituting such delivery;
The trough and the deflector are usually made of aluminum alloy, cast iron, etc., and have a groove or cylindrical shape, and the gob slides on the inner surface of the gob to form a predetermined shape. It is now automatically guided to the inside of the mold. By the way, in this type of delivery, in order to improve the glide of the gob, lubricating oil is usually applied while blowing air onto the inside surface of the scoop, or
It has been practiced to coat the inner surfaces of the trough and deflector with a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide or graphite mixed with a suitable binder. However, this type of conventional delivery requires frequent application of lubricant.
In addition to being troublesome to work with, carbon and lubricant adhere to the surface of the gob during transportation, resulting in a problem in that the resulting glass product becomes smudged in appearance. It was. On the other hand, U.S. Patent No. 1638593 and U.S. Pat.
In Japanese Patent No. 160232, etc., for such delivery, a plurality of blowholes are provided that open in recesses provided on the conveyance surface, and pressurized gas is ejected through the blowholes, thereby creating an air film on the conveyance surface. A structure has been disclosed in which the air film is formed so that the impact when the gob is received by the falling gob is softened, and the gob is provided with slipperiness during transportation. However, in order to deliver such a structure, it is necessary to drill a large number of blowholes by machining, etc., which makes manufacturing extremely difficult and raises the problem that the equipment becomes expensive. He had it. In addition, in the case of such delivery, the diameter of the blowhole that can be formed is limited by the thickness of the member, etc., and cannot be set to such a small value;
Since it is formed with a relatively large diameter of ~3.0mmφ, it is not possible to form an air film with sufficient rigidity, which results in poor cushioning properties when receiving the falling gob and during transportation. It is said that the slipperiness of the product is insufficient, and marks from the ejection holes (recesses) provided on the conveying surface are likely to be left on the surface of the gob, especially when receiving the gob, which may cause defects on the product surface. It also contained problems. (Solution Means) Here, the present invention has been made against the background of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to guide the supplied gob to the mold with good sliding properties. Another object of the present invention is to provide a delivery for glass molding that can effectively reduce the occurrence of defects in products. In order to achieve such an object, the present invention is characterized in that, in a glass forming apparatus, a molten glass gob is formed with a groove shape or a cylindrical shape, respectively, to guide the molten glass gob to a predetermined mold. A delivery for glass forming as described above, comprising a scoop, a trough and a deflector,
The skeleton itself that forms a continuous skeletal tissue is hollow, and a predetermined matrix material is inserted into the gaps between the skeletons in a ceramic structure in which pores are formed within the skeleton to form an integrated structure. , using a porous member that allows fluid to pass through pores formed in the skeleton, the porous member allows at least the scoop,
Constructing at least a conveying surface for the molten glass gob in any part of the trough and the deflector, opening holes formed in the skeleton at the conveying surface and communicating with the holes. A supply channel for supplying pressure fluid to the hole is provided, and the pressure fluid supplied through the supply channel is ejected onto the conveying surface through the hole. . (Effects of the Invention) Therefore, in the delivery for glass forming having the structure according to the present invention, the ejection holes that open on the conveyance surface are formed by the pores of the ceramic structure constituting the porous member. Because of this structure, such ejection holes can be easily formed with a fine diameter and at any position on the conveying surface, regardless of the material of the delivery material, its shape, etc. As a result of the ejection holes being formed with a fine diameter, the fluid film can be formed with sufficient rigidity due to the squeezing effect.
The fluid film can effectively exhibit cushioning properties when receiving falling gobs, slipping properties during conveyance, and the like. In other words, this makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the amount of lubricant applied to the conveying surface, thereby reducing the occurrence of stains on glass products due to the adhesion of lubricant to the gob surface, and furthermore, The occurrence of defects in glass products due to scratches and the like on the gob surface can be effectively suppressed or prevented, thereby effectively improving the quality of glass products. Furthermore, such a delivery for glass molding is extremely easy to manufacture and has excellent performance as described above, compared to the conventional structure in which the ejection holes are formed by machining. It also has the advantage of being able to be easily delivered and manufactured at low cost. (Example) Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram for explaining an example of a glass molding apparatus using a glass molding delivery structured according to the present invention. In this figure, 10 is an orifice that continuously supplies molten glass;
The molten glass 12 supplied from the molten glass 12 is cut into an appropriate length by the shear 14 disposed below, thereby forming a gob (molten glass lump) 16 of a predetermined size, and falling. I am forced to do it. A delivery composed of a scoop 18, a trough 20, and a deflector 22 is arranged below the orifice 10, and the dropped gob 16 is delivered by the scoop 18 arranged below the orifice 10. It is received and then guided into a predetermined mold (rough mold for parison formation) 24 by a trough 20 and a deflector 22. Note that, as is well known, a plurality of such molds 24 are usually arranged in parallel, and the trough 20 and deflector 22 that guide the gob 16 to the molds 24 are
While a plurality of pieces are arranged radially from the scoop 18,
This scoop 18 is provided so as to be rotatable around one axis that substantially coincides with the falling direction of the gob 16, and by controlling the rotation of the scoop 18, the continuously supplied gob 16 is delivered to each trough 20. It will be distributed and supplied. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the scoop 18 has a U-shaped cross-sectional shape and is curved in the longitudinal direction. In the open state, the bottom surface (conveying surface) 26 is arranged such that the slope of the upper part that receives the gob 16 dropped from the orifice 10 is large, and the slope becomes gentler as it goes downward from there. ing. The bottom surface 26 is made of a porous member 28 over substantially the entire length of the portion where the gob 16 slides, excluding the upper end in the longitudinal direction, and the back surface of the porous member 28 A back cover 30 that covers the entire back surface of the porous member 28 is integrally attached thereto, and a sealed cavity 32 having a predetermined volume is formed on the back surface of the porous member 28 by the back cover 30. There is. Here, the porous member 28 is, for example, a film-like material (foamed film) remaining around the skeleton after foaming a resin such as ester-based urethane.
A ceramic material such as ceramic slurry is attached to the surface of the skeleton of a synthetic resin foam having a three-dimensional network structure, which is obtained by removing the foam using compressed air, etc., and then dried. , obtained by firing, the sixth
As shown in the figure, a known ceramic structure 38 is used, in which the skeleton itself forming a continuous skeletal tissue as a whole is hollow, and continuous holes 36 are formed in the skeleton 34. The ceramic structure 38 is placed in a predetermined casting cavity, and a predetermined molten metal is introduced into the casting cavity to allow the molten metal to enter the skeletal gap. As shown in FIG. 7, a porous member 28 having a structure in which a ceramic structure 38 is integrally embedded within a predetermined cast metal 40 is preferably used. Note that as the ceramic material forming the ceramic structure 38, cordierite, alumina, SiC, mullite, zirconia, etc. are appropriately selected and employed depending on the characteristics required for the intended scoop 18. In addition, the molten metal forming the cast metal 40 is as follows:
It has a chemical composition that is controlled according to the physical properties required of the scoop 18 as a product, and for example, aluminum alloy, cast iron, etc. are preferably used. That is, in the case of such a porous member 28, the cast metal 4 is placed in the cells constituted by the skeleton 34 that forms the porous structure of the ceramic structure 38.
0 enters the cast metal 40 to form an integral structure with the ceramic structure 38 as a matrix, while the pores 3 of the skeleton 34 in the cast ceramic structure 38
Intrusion of the molten metal into the hole 6 is prevented because the opening of the hole 36 is closed, and the hole 36 is maintained in a communicating state. In this embodiment, the ceramic structure 38 as described above is formed to have a shape corresponding to the bottom of the intended scoop 18, and is placed inside the casting cavity of the mold forming the body 41 of the scoop 18. By performing the casting operation of the main body 41 under the condition that the main body 41 is disposed in the Member 28 will be formed. Then, the bottom surface 26 and the back surface formed of the porous member 28 of the cast product thus formed are subjected to a grinding process, etc., so that the inside of the porous member 28 is formed. The hollow holes 36 are opened on the bottom and back surfaces, thereby forming the main body 41 of the scoop 18. Furthermore, a back cover 30 having a plurality of supply holes 44 on both side walls is attached to the back surface where the holes 36 are opened, so as to cover the entire surface of the openings. The openings 36 are hermetically fixed, thereby forming a sealed cavity 32 with which the holes 36 communicate, as described above. That is, scoop 1 having such a structure
8, a predetermined pressure fluid is supplied into the cavity 32 through the supply hole 44 of the back cover 30 through the cavity 32 from the back surface of the porous member 28 constituting the bottom of the main body 41. It is guided into the hole 36 and is ejected from the bottom surface 26 through the hole 36.As is clear from this, in the case of the scoop 18 in this embodiment, the cavity 32 , a supply channel is configured that guides pressure fluid supplied from the outside to the pores of the porous member 28. In addition, in FIG. 2, 46 indicates the scoop 18.
This is a mounting bracket for a predetermined support that rotatably supports the device around one axis. Further, the trough 20 guides the gob 16 guided by such a scoop 18 to each mold 24.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the scoop 18 has a U-shaped groove cross section similar to that of the scoop 18, and is formed in a shape that extends linearly for a predetermined length. , which opens upward and whose bottom surface (conveying surface) 48 is connected to the trough 20 in the scoop 18.
The bottom surface 26 is inclined at substantially the same angle as the bottom surface 26 of the portion adjacent to the bottom surface 26 . A bottom surface 48 of the main body 49 on which the gob 16 slides, excluding both ends in the length direction.
is constituted by the porous member 28, and the porous member 28 is formed on the back surface of the main body 49.
A back cover 50 is integrally attached to cover the entire back surface of the porous member 28, and a sealed cavity 52 with a predetermined volume is formed on the back surface of the porous member 28. That is, in the case of the trough 20 in this embodiment, like the scoop 18, a ceramic structure 38 having the above-mentioned specific structure is used, which is formed in a shape corresponding to the bottom of the intended trough 20. Then, the ceramic structure 38
is placed in the casting cavity of the mold forming the main body 49 of the trough 20, and a predetermined casting metal such as cast iron or aluminum alloy is introduced into the casting cavity and a casting operation is performed. The main body 49 is formed such that the bottom part thereof has a continuous hole 36 as a whole.
It is constituted by a porous member 28 provided with. By performing a grinding process or the like on the bottom surface 48 and the back surface of the porous member 28, the holes 36 formed inside the porous member 28 are opened on the bottom surface and the back surface. ,
A back cover 50 having a plurality of supply holes 54 on both side walls in the axial direction is attached to the mounting bolt 56 so as to cover the entire surface of the back surface where the holes 36 are opened. Thus, the cavity 52 is formed, which is airtightly fixed and communicates with the hole 36. Therefore, in the trough 20 having such a structure, the predetermined pressure fluid supplied into the cavity 52 through the supply hole 54 of the back cover 50 flows through the cavity 52 to the bottom of the main body 49. The pores 3 from the back side of the porous member 28 constituting the
6 and is ejected from the bottom surface 48 through the hole 36. In addition, in FIGS. 8 and 9, reference numerals 58 and 60 respectively indicate mounting brackets for mounting on predetermined supports. Additionally, a scoop 18 and a trough 2 as described above.
The deflector 22 guides the gob 16 guided at 0 into the mold 24, as shown in FIGS.
It is formed in a longitudinally curved shape with a U-shaped groove-shaped cross section similar to that of 0, and is opened downward, and its bottom surface (conveying surface) 62 is
The inclination of the upper part that receives the gob 16 guided by the trough 20 is approximately the same as the inclination angle of the trough 20, the inclination increases as it goes downward from there, and the inclination becomes approximately vertical at the lower end. It is placed in such a condition. The bottom surface 62 of the main body 63 is made of a porous member 28 over substantially the entire length of the part where the gob 16 slides, excluding the part where the mounting bracket 64 is formed with respect to a predetermined support body. , a porous member 28 is provided on the back surface of the main body 63.
A back cover 72 is integrally attached to cover the entire back surface of the porous member 28, and the back cover 72 forms a sealed cavity 68 with a predetermined volume on the back surface of the porous member 28. That is, in the case of the deflector 22 in this embodiment, similarly to the scoop 18, a ceramic structure 38 having the above-mentioned specific structure, which is formed in the shape of the intended bottom of the deflector 22, is used. The ceramic structure 38
is placed in a predetermined position within the casting cavity of the mold forming the main body 63 of the deflector 22, and a predetermined cast metal such as cast iron or aluminum alloy is guided into the casting cavity to perform a casting operation. In particular, the body 63 is formed, the bottom of which is constituted by a porous member 28 having a continuous pore 36 as a whole. Then, by subjecting the bottom surface 62 and the back surface of the porous member 28 to a grinding process, the holes 36 formed inside the porous member 28 are opened on the bottom surface and the back surface. ,
A back cover 72 having supply holes 70 on both side walls in the width direction is attached to the back surface where the holes 36 are opened by means of mounting bolts 74 so as to cover the entire surface of the openings. The cavity 68 is formed by being airtightly fixed and communicating with the hole 36. In addition, in the case of the deflector 22 in this embodiment, the opening is covered over a predetermined length from the lower end in the longitudinal direction.
A lid member 76 having a substantially U-groove cross-sectional shape is attached so that the openings thereof overlap. The lid member 76 has a bottom surface 84 made of the porous member 28 and a bottom surface 84 made of the porous member 28.
The holes 36 formed in the porous member 28 by fixing the back cover 78 to the back surface of the porous member 8
It is formed to have substantially the same structure as the main body portion of the deflector 22, which is provided with a cavity 80 that communicates with the main body portion of the deflector 22, so that the portion to which the lid member 76 is attached, that is, the lower end portion of the deflector 22 is It is formed to have a substantially cylindrical shape. That is, in the deflector 22 having such a structure, a predetermined pressure fluid is supplied into the cavity 68 through the supply hole 70 of the back cover 72 through the porous structure forming the bottom part. It is introduced into the hole 36 from the back side of the member 28 and is ejected from the bottom surface 62 through the hole 36, and the cylindrical portion at the lower end of the member 28 is introduced into the back cover 78 of the lid member 76. By supplying the pressure fluid through the provided supply hole 86, the pressure fluid is ejected from substantially the entire inner peripheral surface. Therefore, scoop 1 having the structure as described above
8. In the case of a delivery system consisting of a trough 20 and a deflector 22, pressurized fluid such as compressed air or lubricating oil is supplied through the supply holes provided in the back cover of each of them. However, the bottom surface (conveying surface) 26, 48,
It will be ejected on 62,
There, the pressure fluid ejection holes in the scoop 18, trough 20 and deflector 22,
Since the porous member 28 is composed of pores 36, such ejection holes can be formed with a fine diameter and at any position on the bottom surface 26, 48, 62 with an appropriate distribution density. It can be easily set. Since the pores 36 of the ceramic structure 38 constituting the fumarole have an extremely small diameter (usually 0.05 to 0.3 mm ² ), an effective squeezing effect can be exerted, and the bottom surface of 26,4
A fluid film can be formed with high rigidity on the gobs 8 and 62, thereby making it possible to receive the gob 16 with good cushioning properties and furthermore to convey it with good sliding properties. be. Therefore, it is possible to reduce or even eliminate the amount of lubricant applied to the bottom surfaces 26, 48, and 62, thereby preventing the lubricant from adhering to the surface of the gob 16. This effectively prevents the occurrence of stains on the glass products and furthermore the occurrence of defects in the glass products due to scratches on the surface of the gob 16, thereby effectively improving the quality of the glass products. That's what happens. In addition, in the case of a delivery having the above-described structure, the conveyance speed of the gob 16 can be adjusted by adjusting and setting the type and amount of pressure fluid ejected from the bottom surfaces 26, 48, and 62. The bottom surfaces 26, 48,
This also has the advantage that the gob 16 can be prevented from sticking to the gob 62, and a cooling mechanism using water or the like is not required. Furthermore, in the case of such a delivery for glass molding, there is no need for post-processing to form the ejection holes, so compared to conventional structures in which the ejection holes are formed by post-processing, It is extremely easy to manufacture, and therefore has the advantage that delivery having the above-mentioned excellent performance can be manufactured easily and at low cost. Further, in the case of the deflector 22 in this embodiment, the lower end portion thereof is formed into a cylindrical shape by the main body side member and the lid member 76, and
Since the cavities 68 and 80 that supply pressure fluid to the holes 36 and 36 opened in the bottom surfaces 62 and 82 are independent, the pressure fluid pressure supplied to the cavities 68 and 80 is relatively It also has the advantage that the positioning of the gob 16 with respect to the mold 24 at the time of supply can be performed with high precision by changing and adjusting the position. Furthermore, in the scoop 18, truss 20, and deflector 22 in this embodiment, the holes 36 in the porous member 28 constituting the bottom surface are open over the entire back surface thereof, and Since the cavities 32, 52, and 68 are formed to communicate with all the openings, the jetting pressure of the pressure fluid jetted out from the porous member 28 can be effectively equalized, which is an advantage. It also has. By the way, delivery structured as above,
Set it in the glass molding equipment and apply pressure: 2Kg/
The weight of the gob dropped from the orifice 10 is 150 g when compressed air of cm ² is supplied.
During continuous operation for 24 hours, gob 1
6 was guided from the scoop 18 to the trough 20 and to the deflector 22 with good slipperiness, and could always be accurately fed into the mold 24 without shaking back and forth or from side to side at the deflector 22. . We also confirmed the case where compressed air with a pressure of 2 kg/cm ² was mixed with turbine oil #56 4/day as the pressure fluid, and we were able to perform good continuous operation. There was no problem with the slipperiness of the gob 16. Furthermore, the incidence of staining was visually measured for each glass product manufactured using the parison obtained under such conditions, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, Table 1 also shows, as a comparative example, those obtained by a device using a conventional delivery system for supplying lubricating oil to a conveying surface.

[Table] As is clear from Table 1, by using the delivery structure according to this embodiment, the adhesion of lubricating oil to the gob 16 can be effectively reduced, resulting in less staining on the product. Therefore, the quality can be improved and stabilized very effectively. Although one embodiment of a delivery for glass molding having a structure according to the present invention has been described in detail above, this is a literal illustration, and the present invention should not be construed as being limited only to this specific example. do not have. For example, in the delivery in the above embodiment, the scoop 18, the trough 20 and the deflector 2
The bottom surface (conveyance surface) 26, 48, 62 in 2 is
Although each member is made up of the porous member 28 over substantially its entire length, it is not necessarily necessary to make the conveying surface of all of these members with the porous member 28. For example, only the bottom surface 26 of the scoop 18 may be made of the porous member 28. ,
Even when the porous member 28 is used, it is possible to effectively improve the slipperiness of the gob 16, which is the object of the present invention, as described above. Further, the porous member 28 in the above embodiment is
Although the ceramic structure 38 having a three-dimensional network structure is used, it is also possible to use other ceramic structures in the shape of a sword pin or a comb. It is also possible to set the blowing direction of the blowing hole. Further, a back cover 3 attached to the back of the scoop 18, the trough 20 and the deflector 22
0, 50, and 72, respectively, can be formed integrally at the same time as the casting of the main body. However, in such a case, the cavities 32, 52, 68 will be formed using molding sand or the like. In addition, in the above embodiment, the porous member 2
Cavity 3 is provided over the entire back surface of 8.
2, 52, and 68 constituted a supply channel for supplying pressure fluid to the holes 36 of the porous member 28, but other components, such as the porous member 28,
If the hole 36 is formed with a structure that does not open on the back surface, a supply flow path can be configured by drilling an appropriate number of holes that communicate with the hole 36 from the back surface. It is also possible to In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention can be well applied to deliveries formed in various shapes other than those shown in the above embodiments. . In addition, although not listed in detail, the present invention can be implemented in various modifications, modifications, improvements, etc. based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and such embodiments may be implemented in accordance with the present invention. It goes without saying that any of these are included within the scope of the present invention as long as they do not deviate from the spirit.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of a glass molding apparatus using a glass molding delivery structured according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a scoop constituting such a delivery for glass molding, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. Figure 5 shows − in Figure 2.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a ceramic structure suitably used in manufacturing such a scoop, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a porous structure formed using such a ceramic structure. FIG. 2 is an explanatory enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a member. FIG. 8 is a side view showing a trough constituting such a delivery for glass molding, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a deflector constituting such a delivery for glass molding, FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 10, and FIG.
-XII cross-sectional enlarged view. 16: Gob, 18: Scoop, 20: Trough,
22: deflector, 24: mold, 26, 48,
62: Bottom surface, 28: Porous member, 30, 50, 7
2: Back cover, 32, 52, 68: Cavity, 34: Skeleton, 36: Hole, 38: Ceramic structure, 40: Cast metal, 44, 54, 70:
Supply hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A glass forming apparatus in which a molten glass gob is guided to a predetermined forming mold, and is comprised of a scoop, a trough, and a deflector each having a groove or cylindrical shape. This is a ceramic structure in which the skeleton itself forming a continuous skeletal tissue is hollow, and a predetermined matrix material is inserted into the gaps between the skeletons in a ceramic structure in which holes are formed within the skeleton. By using a porous member that has a structure that allows fluid to pass through the pores formed in the skeleton,
The porous member constitutes at least a conveying surface for the molten glass gob in at least one of the scoops, troughs, and deflectors, and the holes formed in the skeleton are formed in the conveying surface. A supply flow path is provided which is opened in the holes and communicates with the holes to supply pressure fluid to the holes, and the pressure fluid supplied through the supply flow path is passed through the holes. A delivery for glass molding, characterized in that the jet is ejected onto such a conveying surface.