JPH0439823B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a digital switching system with added monitoring functions for fires, gas leaks, etc.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

BACKGROUND ART Recently, with the modernization of buildings, such as high-rise buildings, intensive monitoring systems for detecting and warning of fires, gas leaks, etc. are being used.

However, such a centralized monitoring system requires the deployment of specialized monitors, which costs a lot of money to operate the system, and also makes it difficult to operate the system if the alarm switch on the monitor panel is turned off or if the monitor is absent. In such cases, the detection of warnings could be delayed, which could lead to a catastrophe. Furthermore, such a system requires dedicated wiring between each detector and the monitoring panel, which requires a large amount of construction work and has the disadvantage of being economically disadvantageous.

By the way, it has recently been considered to automatically read gas and water meters using telephone lines. However, since this system sends and receives meter reading data using frequency signals that can be heard by the human ear, data cannot be sent when the telephone connected to the line is busy, and this prevents emergency situations such as fires and gas leaks from being sent. It could not be applied directly to things that require

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
Monitoring data such as fires and gas leaks can be sent and received using the telephone line regardless of whether the telephone on the line is busy, and information on the monitoring data can be automatically sent to the necessary party. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an economically advantageous digital exchange system that does not require wiring work unique to the system.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, etc. on a plurality of telephone terminals connected to a digital exchange main body, and multiplexes the output data from these sensors together with a call voice signal in a predetermined transmission format to transmit the data to the digital exchange main body. When the switch detects that the output from the sensor has exceeded a predetermined value, it will take the most appropriate countermeasures, such as checking the cabin or contacting the fire department, according to a pre-prepared program. In addition, by multiplexing the sensor diagnostic data from the switchboard side with the call voice signal in a predetermined transmission format and transmitting it to the telephone terminal side, it is possible to diagnose each sensor installed in the telephone terminal. There is.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Therefore, in the present invention, the telephone terminal is provided with various sensors, and the output data from these sensors is multiplexed together with the voice call signal in a predetermined transmission format and transmitted to the exchange main body, so that the telephone terminal and the exchange The number of wires between the main bodies can be kept to a minimum regardless of the presence of sensors, and as a result, even when the number of telephone terminals increases, the cost does not increase, making it economically advantageous. In addition, the output data from the sensor on the telephone terminal side is transmitted to the exchange main unit, and subsequent processing is performed according to a program prepared in advance on the exchange main unit side, so the optimal data corresponding to the content of the output from the sensor is It becomes possible to implement countermeasures. Furthermore, by transmitting sensor diagnostic data from the switchboard to the telephone terminal, each sensor can be diagnosed as needed, so the status of the sensors that are required to operate normally only in an emergency can always be accurately monitored. Highly reliable monitoring can be achieved by knowing the details.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a digital exchange to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a switching circuit on the exchange main body side, and this switching circuit 1 is composed of a time slot allocation circuit in the case of time division switching, and a matrix switch circuit in the case of space division switching. A plurality of telephone terminals 2 are connected to this switching circuit 1 via a line circuit 3, and a central office line etc. are connected via a trunk circuit 4. Further, this switching circuit 1 is connected to a CPU 6 via a control circuit 5.
The CPU 6 is a memory 7 in which exchange operations are written in advance.
and typewriter 8 and I/O
The line circuit 3 and trunk circuit 4 are connected via lines 9 and 10 for data transmission.

As shown in FIG. 2, the telephone terminal 2 includes a handset 20, an A/D and D/A converter 21 including a codec, a filter, etc.
2, a demultiplexer 23, a transceiver, a transmitter 24 having a receiver, a keyboard 25 for inputting key information, a display section 26 for displaying terminal status having LEDs, etc., and, for example, a temperature sensor 27, a smoke sensor 28, and a gas sensor 29. are doing.

A voice signal from such a telephone terminal 2, a sensor 2
Data detected at 7, 28, and 29 and key data, ie, control data, etc. necessary for connection of a telephone call using the keyboard 25 are input.

The audio signal is given to an A/DD/A converter 21. As shown in FIG. 3, this exchanger 21 supplies the audio signal of the handset 201 to the codec 213 through a buffer 211 and a transmission filter 212, where it is converted into a digital signal and output as audio data, and at the same time, a portion is sent to the buffer 214, 215 to the receiver 202. Note that 216 is a reception filter. Also, sensor 2
Referring to the temperature sensor 27 as an example, 7, 28, and 29 are thermistors 271 whose resistance changes depending on the ambient temperature according to the relationship shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG.
A resistor 272 converts the current flowing through the sensor into a voltage, and an A/D converter 273 converts this voltage into a digital signal, which is temporarily stored in a latch 274 as sensor data. Further, the keyboard 25 has a plurality of, for example, 5×5, 25 key contacts #0 to #24, as shown in FIG. 6, corresponding to the dial key 251 and other keys 252, and the keys are pressed. The corresponding contact is closed and the line 0~
The value of the clock shift register 253, which sequentially scans up to row 4, takes in the data in columns 0 to 4.
This is put into the latch 254, and a digital signal corresponding to the pressed key is generated as control data.

These audio data, sensor data, and control data are fed to a multiplexer 22 and synthesized according to a predetermined data format. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the multiplexer 22 has a buffer 221, an insertion circuit 222 for inserting sensor data and control data into the audio data, and also has a common function with the demultiplexer 23, which will be described later.
It has a CPU 301 and a memory 302, and the CPU 301
Sensor data and control data are inserted into the audio data according to the program flow shown in FIG. 8, for example, written in the memory 302. In this case, 223 in Fig. 7 indicates the insertion circuit 222 and the CPU 301.
I/O connecting between, 303a to 305a, 303
b to 305b are each of the above-mentioned sensors 27, 28, 2
306 is an I/O that connects between the keyboard 25 and the CPU 301, and 307 is an I/O that connects the CPU 301 with the display unit 26, a speaker (not shown), etc.

The data format synthesized by such a multiplexer 22 consists of a 10-bit data bit DB, a start bit SB, and a parity bit PB, as shown in FIG. 9a. These 12-bit data are sent at 8KHz intervals, and the audio data VD is, for example, μ-255 PCM 8-bit data, and the sensor data SD and control data CD are sent as shown in Figure 9a.
The data inside is collected 10 times and sent out as one frame data as shown in Figures 9b and 9c. Here, the contents of one frame of sensor data SD are D ₀₀ to _{D 04}
is sensor data, D ₀₅ and D ₀₆ are sensor types, and D ₀₇ is used to distinguish whether sensor data is to be sent or data for diagnosis. Also control data CD
The contents of one frame are D ₁₀ to _{D 15} as key data,
_D16 is used for data or control signals, and _D17 is used for diagnostic response. Note that here, FB is a frame bit and PB is a parity bit.

The data synthesized by the multiplexer 22 is transmitted via the transmitter 24 to the line circuit 3 shown in FIG. In this case, as a means for data transmission, as shown in FIG.
Burst transmission is used to transmit the data DB and the receiving side data DB using the same line. In this case, STB is a start bit, VD is audio data, CB is a control bit, SB is a sensor bit, and P is a parity. Furthermore, at a transmission speed of 256 kb/s, the data speed is 128 kb/s for sending and 128 kb/s for receiving.

In the line circuit 3, data from the terminal 2 is received by a transmitter 31 having a transceiver and a receiver as shown in FIG.
2, the audio data is separated into audio data, sensor data, and control data, and the audio data is sent to the PCM bus 3 via a buffer 33 at a predetermined time slot.
At the same time, sensor data and control data are sent to buffer 3 in the format shown in Fig. 9 b and c.
5 to the data bus 36, and is transferred to the CPU 6 shown in FIG. On the other hand, PCM bus 3
A synthesis circuit 39 synthesizes the audio data given from the CPU 4 via the buffer 37 and the control data given from the CPU 6 via the data bus 36 and the buffer 38 according to the program flow. The information is transferred to the telephone terminal 2 via the burst transmission shown in FIG. Here, a time chart of the PCM bus 34 is shown in FIG. 12a. In this case, frame synchronization is repeated at 8KHz, and 32 channels of time slots are assigned to one PCM bus. Since one time slot is 8 bits in the μ-255 system, the minimum clock is approximately 2 MHz. In addition, the time chart between the line circuit 3 and the CPU 6 is synchronous if the maximum number of terminals connected to the exchange is 128, and in the case of the time slot allocation method, the channels from terminals 0 to 127 are as shown in Figure 12b. assigned to. Here frame synchronization is for example 50msec
Then, the data is 16 bits in total, 8 bits for control signals + 8 bits for sensor data, so the minimum clock is about 40 KHz. Further, the data is sent from the CPU 6 to the line circuit 3 in asynchronous fashion as shown in FIG. 12c. Data speed is the same for sending and receiving
It is set to 40KHz.

The data sent from the line circuit 3 to the telephone terminal 2 is applied to a demultiplexer 23 through a transmitter 24 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the demultiplexer 23 has an extraction circuit 231 and a buffer 232 for extracting audio data, sensor data, sensor data, and control data. It is connected to 302,
Audio data, sensor data, and control data are extracted according to the program flow written in the CPU 301 and memory 302. In this case, the sensor data and control data are extracted as one frame data as in FIGS. 9b and 9c. In other words, the content of one frame of sensor data here is D ₀₄
is used to determine whether or not it is a sensor diagnosis request, D ₀₆ and D ₀₇ are used to determine the sensor type, D ₀₇ is used to determine whether or not it is a data retransmission request, and the content of one frame of control data is determined from D ₁₀ to
_D16 is used to control the on/off of LEDs of the display unit 26, speakers, etc., and _D17 is used for diagnostic requests or data.

As a result, the audio data is sent to the A/DD/A converter 21.
is converted into an analog signal and given to the handset 20, and the sensor data is sent to each sensor 27,
28 and 29 to perform sensor diagnosis, etc., and control data is also provided to the display unit 26.
It lights up the LED and also drives a speaker (not shown).

Next, a specific example will be explained according to FIG. 13. That is, FIG. 13 shows an example of a program in which the system operates when each of the temperature sensor 27, smoke sensor 28, and gas sensor 29 becomes larger than a predetermined threshold value. In this case, it is determined that a fire has occurred if both the temperature and smoke sensors become greater than the threshold value, and if either one becomes greater than the gas threshold value, the first thing to do is to move to the room where the reacting sensor is installed. It also calls a specific person such as a manager or security guard. If both calls are answered, the decision is made by humans. In addition, if only a specific person responds and it is not possible to contact the sensor room where the response occurred, it will call the room next door or on the same floor, and if there is a response, it will connect to the specific person, and then the sensor room next door or on the same floor will be called. Communicate between people and a specific person and check the sensor room where a reaction occurred. On the other hand, if you are unable to contact a specific person, a synthesized voice will be used, such as "The sensor in room ○○ is operating. Please check and if there is a fire, please enter the code "1" from the keyboard." and ask your neighbor to do so. At this time, if there is no response, if the code "1" arrives, or if it is not possible to contact the neighbor or a specific person, it is determined that there is a fire and the necessary government offices such as the fire department and police station are called and a synthesized voice is emitted, such as "○○ ``There is a fire in room ○ on floor ○ of the △△ hotel in city × × town...'', and at the same time, the fire extinguishing equipment is activated and the fire is announced by broadcast, and the evacuation site, evacuation method, etc.
Constantly broadcasting words that calm people down.
If necessary, we will contact the company that deploys the security guard, the company president, and other necessary companies.

The above is a case in which a fire occurs, but in the case of a gas leak, the program operates according to the program flow shown in FIG. 13 in the same manner as described above.

Therefore, according to such a system, voice signals for telephone calls, sensor data from sensors such as temperature and smoke gas, and control data necessary for telephone connection from the keyboard are transmitted in a predetermined transmission format. The signals are multiplexed, converted into digital signals, and transmitted through a line to the exchange, where the exchange controls calls between telephone terminals and executes optimal countermeasures according to a predetermined program based on each sensor data and control data. This makes it possible to quickly detect fires, gas leaks, etc. even when the terminal is in use.In addition, it is possible to call the room where the sensor was detected and a specific person such as a manager or security guard for personal confirmation. , check with neighbors, people in the next room, on the same floor, etc., or if both temperature and smoke sensors detect it at the same time, it will be determined that there is a fire, and the above people will be contacted and confirmed, and the fire department will be called. It can also be easily equipped with various functions such as contacting police stations, police stations, etc., and this allows pre-recorded broadcasts to be used in dangerous places such as hotels, motels, hospitals, schools, and high-rise buildings. It is possible to prevent a disaster from developing into a major disaster by inducing fires and providing guidance to prevent panic from occurring.At the same time, it is also possible to drive fire extinguishing equipment and precisely control sprinklers, etc., to prevent the spread of fires. It can also be prevented. In other words, such a system can make full use of the exchange system's communication control, amplification such as paging, and device control by using it in conjunction with a conventional digital exchange system, making it possible to greatly contribute to disaster prevention. .

Furthermore, since sensor data and the like can be transmitted and received using a telephone line, it is also possible to eliminate the need for special wiring work for transmitting and receiving sensor data, which is economically advantageous.

Furthermore, by transmitting sensor diagnostic data from the switchboard to the telephone terminal, each sensor can be diagnosed as needed, so the status of the sensors that are required to operate normally only in an emergency can always be accurately monitored. Highly reliable monitoring can be achieved by knowing the details.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be implemented with appropriate modifications without changing the gist. For example, the sensor is not limited to temperature, smoke, and gas, but sensors having other functions such as humidity can also be used. In addition to information for turning on/off the display and diagnosing, it can also send signals to control the cooler, dryer, or heater. In this case, it is easy to provide the demultiplexer 23 shown in FIG. 2 with an interface. Further, the program shown in FIG. 13 is just an example, and a program suitable for the user can be created as appropriate. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 14, a detection section 11 may be provided separately from the telephone terminal 2. In this case, the detection unit 11 multiplexes and demultiplexes data from the temperature sensor 111, smoke sensor 112, gas sensor 113, and these sensors, and sends and receives data to and from the line circuit side. It has a transmitter 12 having a transceiver and a receiver. The rest of the telephone terminal 2 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2. However, even with this arrangement, the same effect as described above can be obtained. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 15, a pattern recognition device 15 that detects words such as "Help me" and "Help" using a voice recognition device 13 and recognizes fire and smoke using a TV camera 14 is connected to the exchange 16. Similar services can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a telephone terminal used in the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an A/DD/A converter used in the above telephone terminal. 4 is a block diagram showing a temperature sensor used in the above telephone terminal, FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of a thermistor used in the same sensor, and FIG. 6 is a key detection circuit of a keyboard used in the above telephone terminal. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the multiplexer and demultiplexer of the telephone terminal, FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the program in the multiplexer, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example.
Figure 10 shows the data transmission format between the telephone terminal and the exchange, Figure 10 shows the transmission method between the telephone terminal and the exchange, and Figure 11 is a block diagram of the line circuit used in this embodiment. , Figure 12 is
FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining a specific example of the present invention; FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention; 15th
The figure is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Switching circuit, 2...Telephone terminal, 2
1... A/DD/A converter, 211... Buffer, 212... Transmission filter, 213... Coordination, 214, 215... Transmission filter, 21
6... Receive filter, 22... Multiplexer,
221... Batua, 222... Insertion circuit, 223
...I/O, 23 ...Demultiplexer, 232
...Buffer, 233...I/O, 24...Transmitter, 25...Keyboard, 26...Display section, 27...Temperature sensor, 271...Thermistor, 272...Resistance, 273...A/D converter,
274...Latch, 28...Smoke sensor, 29...
Gas sensor, 301...CPU, 302...Memory, 303a to 305a, 303b to 305b,
306, 307...I/O, 3...Line circuit,
31... Transmitter, 32... Separation circuit, 3
3, 35, 37, 38... Batsuhua, 34...
PCM bus, 36... Dentabus, 39... Synthesis circuit, 4... Trunk circuit, 5... Control circuit, 6... CPU, 7... Memory, 8... Typewriter, 9, 10... I/O , 11...Detection unit, 12...Transmitter, 13...Voice recognition device, 14...TV camera, 15...Pattern recognition device, 16...Switching machine.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a digital exchange system in which a plurality of telephone terminals are connected to a digital exchange main body, a sensor for detecting a predetermined state is provided in the telephone terminal, and the output data from the sensor is multiplexed with a telephone voice signal in a predetermined transmission format to generate a digital signal. and when the output from the sensor transmitted from the telephone terminal becomes larger than a predetermined value, the exchange main body responds to the output from the sensor according to a pre-prepared program. and multiplexing the diagnostic data of the sensor from the exchange main body side with the voice call signal according to a predetermined transmission format and transmitting it as a digital signal to the telephone terminal side, and diagnosing the sensor on the telephone terminal side. A digital exchange system that is characterized by making it possible.