JPH043932B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to animal milk substitutes. More specifically, the present invention relates to an animal milk substitute characterized by containing Bacillus licheniformis as an effective bacterium. Currently, when raising young mammals such as calves, in order to protect the mother's body, conserve milk, and achieve smooth growth of the calf, the breeding period is from around 1 week old to around 4 to 6 weeks old. , skim milk powder called milk substitute, fats and oils,
The most commonly adopted feeding method is to feed the cows with a breast milk substitute containing sugars, grain flour, fish meal, etc. as their main ingredients, and then wean them. Conventionally, antibiotics, enzymes, probiotics, and the like have been added to such animal milk substitutes for the purpose of disease prevention, growth promotion, and the like. However, due to the risk of side effects and residual transfer of antibiotics, which may cause allergies and changes in intestinal bacteria in humans, regulations regarding their use have been tightened, and the range of use has been limited and reduced. It is in the direction of As enzymes, lipase agents, amylase agents, cellulase agents, protease agents, and mixtures of these enzyme agents have been studied, but their effects vary and it is currently impossible to expect a constant effect. In addition, Bacillus natto, lactic acid bacteria, butyric acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium, and the like have been studied as viable bacterial agents, and although some effects have been seen, they are still not sufficient. As mentioned above, the reality is that there is still no satisfactory milk substitute for animals. Under the above circumstances, the present inventors included Bacillus bacteria isolated from nature in animal milk substitutes, and as a result of various studies on effective ones, they unexpectedly found that Bacillus licheniformis was included as an effective bacteria. The present inventors have discovered that a milk substitute for animals is not toxic to the body and has excellent effects such as preventing diseases such as diarrhea and promoting growth, leading to the completion of the present invention. The present invention is an animal milk substitute characterized by containing Bacillus licheniformis as an effective bacterium. Next, the present invention will be explained in detail. Typical examples of animals targeted by the animal milk substitute of the present invention include dairy female calves, dairy male calves (raised mainly for meat), and beef seed cows.
It can also be used for piglets, lambs, kids, puppies, kittens, etc. Bacillus licheniformis used in the present invention is a facultative anaerobic bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus, and not only bacteria isolated from nature but also mutant strains thereof can be effectively used. Among these, a preferred strain is the mutant strain Bacillus licheniformis MN-001, which was deposited as MN-001 in FIKEN Article No. 266. The mycological properties of this Bacillus licheniformis strain MN-001 (hereinafter referred to as MN-001 strain) are shown. A. Morphology (1) Bacillus with a width of 0.5-0.8 μm and a length of 2-3 μm. (2) Gram staining: positive. (3) Forms oval endospores. (4) Motility: Yes. B Growth (1) Ordinary agar medium: Grows very well. No pigment formation. (2) Medium based on molasses and ammonium sulfate: Grows very well. No pigment formation. (3) 5% saline liquid medium: Grows. 7%: Grows. 10%: Grow. C Physiological properties (1) Catalase production + (2) Growth under anaerobic conditions + (3) VP reaction + (4) Growth status at high temperature 50℃ + 55℃ - (5) Presence or absence of acid production from sugars Glucose + L-arabinose + D-xylose + Mannite + D-tagatose + (6) Arginine dihydrolase + (7) Lecithinase - (8) Hydrolyzability of starch + (9) Hydrolyzability of gelatin + (10) DNA Hydrolyzability + (11) Citrate availability + (12) Propionate availability + (13) Nitrate reduction + (14) Indole formation − (15) Deamination of phenylalanine − Book Bacillus licheniformis, which is an effective bacterium of the invention, can be cultured by liquid culture or solid culture according to a conventional fermentation method. As the medium, natural medium, semi-synthetic medium, synthetic medium, etc. can all be used. The composition of the medium is
(i) Carbon sources include glucose, sutucarose,
(ii) Nitrogen sources include peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, dried yeast, soybean meal, urea, thiourea,
Ammonium salts, nitrates, and other organic or inorganic nitrogen compounds; (iii) Inorganic salts include phosphates, nitrates, carbonates, and chlorides of magnesium, manganese, potassium, calcium, iron, and the like. Also, amino acids, vitamins, nucleic acids and related compounds may be added. The culture temperature is similar to that of a normal fermentation method, but the culture can be suitably carried out at, for example, 20°C to 50°C. The culture period is also similar to that of a normal fermentation method, but for example, 12 hours to 5 days is suitable for culturing. The culture thus obtained can be used as it is or by repeated washing to obtain only the bacterial cells. Furthermore, the culture, its treated product, and the bacterial cells can be used as they are or after being formulated into a formulation by adding additives and freeze-drying, spray-drying, or the like. Furthermore, for example, it is also possible to formulate a formulation from the culture solution as it is by using appropriate diluents such as wheat flour, starch, dextrin, etc., grains as raw materials for feed, saccharides such as defatted rice bran, oil cake, etc. Alternatively, only the bacterial cells may be washed and separated from the culture solution, formulated in the same manner, and used. The animal milk substitute of the present invention is characterized by containing Bacillus licheniformis, and although the method for producing the animal milk substitute is not limited, it is usually a Bacillus licheniformis preparation, only bacterial cells, or a culture. It is easily produced by mixing directly into a commercially available milk substitute. In addition, when producing milk substitutes, skim milk powder, dairy processing by-products such as whey, whole milk powder, yellow grease taro, extra fluffy tallow, oils and fats such as soybean oil, palm oil, coconut oil, lactose, glucose, etc. Sugars such as fructose and sucrose, grain flours such as wheat flour and corn, fishmeal, polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol and glycerin, additives such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, flavoring agents, chemical preservatives, and emulsifiers. In addition, when blending various raw materials widely used in the relevant industrial field in arbitrary proportions, it is also possible to mix Bacillus licheniformis bacterial preparations, bacterial cells alone, or cultures. Bacillus contained in the animal milk substitute of the present invention
Licheniformis bacteria has 10 ² bacterial cells per 1 kg of milk substitute.
It is preferable to add 10 15 to 10 ¹⁵ pieces, preferably 10 ⁴ to 10 ¹² pieces, most preferably 10 ⁵ to 10 ¹⁰ pieces. The animal milk substitute of the present invention exhibits excellent effects such as preventing diarrhea, suppressing effects, increasing body weight, and improving feed efficiency on target animals due to the action of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria contained therein. It has high industrial value because of its high safety. The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Bacillus licheniformis preparation production examples and examples. Production example [Preparation of Bacillus licheniformis live bacteria preparation] 100 parts by weight of tap water, 2 parts by weight of molasses, 1 part by weight of ammonium sulfate, 0.1 part by weight of dibasic potassium phosphate,
Dissolve 0.05 parts by weight of yeast extract, add 0.1N hydrochloric acid and
Culture solution 1 whose pH was adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1N caustic soda was placed in a jar fermentor, and after sterilization (121°C, 15 minutes), Bacillus licheniformis MN-001 strain precultured (Feikoken Joyori No. 266) was sterilized (121°C, 15 minutes). No. MN-001) was inoculated and cultured with shaking for 24 hours. Next, the bacterial cells were separated from the culture solution by centrifugation, and 1 kg of starch was added to and mixed with the bacterial cells, followed by drying to obtain a Bacillus licheniformis MN-001 strain preparation (hereinafter referred to as MN-001 preparation). Ta. The number of viable bacteria in this preparation is ¹⁰⁸ /g
It was hot. Example 1 Using 10 1-week-old Holstein male calves, they were divided into 2 groups of 5 cows in each group, and each group was given a control group of milk replacer with the composition shown in Table 1 plus starch. Milk substitutes for test plots were prepared by adding milk and MN-001 formulation (preparation containing 10 ⁸ viable bacteria per gram obtained using starch in the production example) and used as a control group and a test group, respectively. In the feeding test, 1 part by weight of milk replacer was dissolved and dispersed in 7 parts by weight of warm water, and then fed to calves, and the test was conducted for 4 weeks. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, in the recent method of raising calves in Japan,
A method of feeding a pelleted feed called calf starter (lower in protein and fat than the milk replacer) along with the milk replacer as described above is widely adopted, but in this example, the effect of the milk replacer itself was investigated. Because this was the purpose, a calf starter was not used.

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Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An animal milk substitute characterized by containing Bacillus licheniformis as an effective bacterium. 2. Bacillus licheniformis bacterium
The animal milk substitute according to claim 1, which is Bacillus licheniformis MN-001 strain deposited as MN-001 in No. 266.