JPH0438639Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0438639Y2 JPH0438639Y2 JP1985024388U JP2438885U JPH0438639Y2 JP H0438639 Y2 JPH0438639 Y2 JP H0438639Y2 JP 1985024388 U JP1985024388 U JP 1985024388U JP 2438885 U JP2438885 U JP 2438885U JP H0438639 Y2 JPH0438639 Y2 JP H0438639Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrostrictive vibrator
- ultrasonic wave
- vibrator
- reflector
- damper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
〔考案の目的〕
ａ 産業上の利用分野
本考案は、超音波を用いて例えば製鉄所におけ
るホツパー内の鉱石貯蔵量を計測したり、貯水池
における水タンクの貯蔵水量を計測する超音波送
受波装置に関するものである。[Detailed explanation of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] a. Industrial application field The invention uses ultrasonic waves to measure the amount of ore stored in a hopper in a steel mill, or to measure the amount of water stored in a water tank in a reservoir. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic transceiver device for measurement.
ｂ 従来の技術
この種の超音波送受波装置１０は、第１図で示
すように円筒形の電歪振動子１と、この電歪振動
子１の円筒内に設けられて先端が約90度の円錐形
にした反射面２を備えた内部反射器３と、電歪振
動子１を取り囲む態様で内面が約90度のスリ鉢形
をした反射面４を備えた外部反射器５とを具備し
ている。b. Prior Art As shown in FIG. 1, this type of ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device 10 includes a cylindrical electrostrictive vibrator 1, and a tip of the electrostrictive vibrator 1 provided inside the cylinder at an angle of about 90 degrees. an internal reflector 3 having a conical reflecting surface 2; and an external reflector 5 having a cone-shaped reflecting surface 4 with an inner surface of about 90 degrees surrounding the electrostrictive vibrator 1. ing.
前記電歪振動子１は、外部反射器５の中央底部
から検知対象物に向かう軸線方向へ突設される態
様で基端側が反射器（この例では内部反射器３）
に接着等によつて取付けられると共に、内部反射
器３の基端側は外部反射器５にねじ止め等によつ
て取付けられている。 The electrostrictive vibrator 1 is provided in such a manner that it protrudes from the central bottom of the external reflector 5 in the axial direction toward the object to be detected, and the base end thereof is a reflector (in this example, the internal reflector 3).
The proximal end of the internal reflector 3 is attached to the external reflector 5 by screws or the like.
また、前記電歪振動子１にはリード線６がハン
ダ付等によつて接続され、このリード線６はシー
ル部材７を介して外部に引出され、図示しない駆
動および検出装置に接続される。 Further, a lead wire 6 is connected to the electrostrictive vibrator 1 by soldering or the like, and this lead wire 6 is drawn out through a seal member 7 and connected to a drive and detection device (not shown).
尚、符号８は外部反射器５に螺着されるカバ
ー、符号９は取付用ブラケツトである。また、前
記内部反射器３は省略される場合もあるが、その
際には電歪振動子１の基端側を外部反射器５の中
央底部に固着するようにする。 In addition, the reference numeral 8 is a cover screwed onto the external reflector 5, and the reference numeral 9 is a mounting bracket. Further, the internal reflector 3 may be omitted, but in that case, the base end side of the electrostrictive vibrator 1 is fixed to the central bottom of the external reflector 5.
前記構成による超音波送受波装置１０は、検知
対象物が収納された水タンク等の上部に設けられ
た検知用の窓孔に電歪振動子１側を挿入し、取付
ブラケツト９を介して設置される。 The ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device 10 having the above configuration is installed by inserting the electrostrictive vibrator 1 side into a detection window hole provided at the top of a water tank or the like in which an object to be detected is stored, and installing it via the mounting bracket 9. be done.
そして、図示しない駆動装置からリード線６を
介して電歪振動子１に通電すると超音波が発生
し、この超音波は鎖線のように内部反射器３およ
び外部反射器５の各反射面２，４によつて検知対
象物に向けて発信される。検知対象物に到達した
超音波は当該検知対象物によつて反射され、その
反射波が前とは逆のコースをたどつて所定時間後
に受信波として電歪振動子１に戻り、図示しない
検知装置で必要な増幅を行うと共に、前記発信波
と受信波との時間差によつて水の貯蔵量等を計測
する。 Then, when electricity is supplied to the electrostrictive vibrator 1 from a drive device (not shown) via a lead wire 6, an ultrasonic wave is generated. 4 toward the object to be detected. The ultrasonic wave that has reached the detection target is reflected by the detection target, and the reflected wave follows the opposite course to the previous one and returns to the electrostrictive vibrator 1 as a received wave after a predetermined time, and is detected by the detection target (not shown). The device performs necessary amplification and measures the amount of water stored, etc. based on the time difference between the transmitted wave and the received wave.
ｃ 考案が解決しようとする課題
然しながら、前記した従来技術では電歪振動子
１の発信波が第２図Ａで示すように直ちに減衰し
ないで尾を引く現象、所謂残振動が発生する。c. Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the prior art described above, a so-called residual vibration occurs, which is a phenomenon in which the emitted wave of the electrostrictive vibrator 1 does not attenuate immediately but trails off, as shown in FIG. 2A.
この残振動は、検知対象物との距離が長くて発
信波Taの発生する時間t0と受信波Raの発生す
る時間t2の間隔が充分に長い場合には問題ない
が、検知対象物との距離が短くて発信波Raが
すぐ戻つてくる場合には残振動と受信波とが重な
り合うことになる。このために、受信波を識別す
ることができなくなつて正確な計測ができないと
言う欠点があつた。 This residual vibration is not a problem if the distance between the object to be sensed is long and the interval between the time t 0 when the transmitted wave Ta occurs and the time t 2 when the received wave Ra occurs is long enough. If the distance is short and the emitted wave Ra returns quickly, the residual vibration and the received wave will overlap. This has resulted in the disadvantage that accurate measurements cannot be made because the received waves cannot be identified.
この残振動を減少させるために、例えば実開昭
50−95954号公報や実開昭57−39188号公報に開示
された技術手段を用いることも考えられるが、次
の理由から充分な効果を期待することができな
い。 In order to reduce this residual vibration, for example,
Although it is possible to use the technical means disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 50-95954 and Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-39188, sufficient effects cannot be expected for the following reasons.
前者は、電歪振動子の全表面を熱収縮性シリコ
ンゴムチユーブで被覆し、当該電歪振動子とゴム
チユーブの間にシリコンゴムの吸音材を充填した
構成を備え、このゴムチユーブが電歪振動子を汚
染外気から保護すると共に、吸音材が不要な内部
の超音波を吸収するものである。 The former has a structure in which the entire surface of the electrostrictive vibrator is covered with a heat-shrinkable silicone rubber tube, and a silicone rubber sound absorbing material is filled between the electrostrictive vibrator and the rubber tube, and this rubber tube acts as the electrostrictive vibrator. In addition to protecting the device from contaminated outside air, the sound-absorbing material absorbs unnecessary ultrasonic waves inside.
然しながら、このように電歪振動子全体が吸音
材とゴムチユーブによつては被覆されると、不要
な超音波だけでなく必要な超音波をも吸収して発
信波の出力レベル及び受信感度を低下させたる恐
れがある。 However, when the entire electrostrictive vibrator is covered with sound absorbing material and rubber tubes, it absorbs not only unnecessary ultrasonic waves but also necessary ultrasonic waves, reducing the output level of the transmitted wave and the receiving sensitivity. There is a risk of causing
何故ならば、第３図で示すように電歪振動子１
の送信出力および受信感度は、軸線方向Ｃに沿つ
た中央部が最大で両端部へ行くにしたがつて次第
に減少する特性曲線Ｓ１を備え、残振動はこれと
は逆に中央部が最小で両端部へ行くにしたがつて
次第に増大する特性曲線Ｓ２を備えているので、
前者のように電歪振動子の軸線方向中央部をも拘
束すると、発信波の出力レベル及び受信感度が低
下してしまう。 This is because, as shown in Fig. 3, the electrostrictive vibrator 1
The transmitting output and receiving sensitivity of the axial direction C have a characteristic curve S1 that is maximum at the center and gradually decreases toward both ends; conversely, the residual vibration is minimum at the center and reaches both ends. Since it has a characteristic curve S2 that gradually increases as it goes to the lower part,
If the axial center portion of the electrostrictive vibrator is also restrained as in the former case, the output level of the transmitted wave and the receiving sensitivity will decrease.
また後者は、振動子とイコライザ（内部反射
器）および外部反射器の間にゴム等のシール材を
設けたり、振動子の全体をナイロン等のコーテイ
ング材で被覆した構成を備え、このシール材又は
コーテイング材が内部への雨水の侵入を防止して
当該雨水の残響波で受波性能が低下するのを防止
するものである。 The latter also has a configuration in which a sealing material such as rubber is provided between the vibrator, the equalizer (internal reflector), and the external reflector, or the entire vibrator is coated with a coating material such as nylon. The coating material prevents rainwater from entering the interior and prevents the wave reception performance from deteriorating due to reverberant waves of the rainwater.
然しながら、このシール材は振動子の軸線方向
中央部を拘束し、コーテイング材は振動子の全体
を拘束するものであるから、前記した理由で前者
の場合と同様に発信波の出力レベル及び受信感度
を低下させるものである。 However, since this sealing material restrains the central part of the vibrator in the axial direction, and the coating material restrains the entire vibrator, the output level of the emitted wave and the reception sensitivity will be affected for the reasons mentioned above, as in the former case. This reduces the
そこで本考案では、発信波の出力レベル及び受
信感度の低下を少なくした状態で、発信波の残振
動を少なくして計測の精度を向上させる超音波送
受波装置の提供を目的とするものである。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device that improves measurement accuracy by reducing the residual vibration of the transmitted wave while minimizing the decrease in the output level of the transmitted wave and the reception sensitivity. .
ａ 課題を解決するための手段
本考案の要旨は、前記超音波送受波装置におい
て、前記電歪振動子は、基端側が前記反射器に固
着されて検知対象物に向かう軸線方向へ突設され
ると共に、その先端側外周には残振動を吸収する
Ｏリング又はコイルスプリングによるダンパーが
着脱可能に巻装されるようにしたものである。
a Means for Solving the Problems The gist of the present invention is that, in the ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device, the electrostrictive vibrator has a proximal end fixed to the reflector and protrudes in an axial direction toward the detection target. At the same time, a damper such as an O-ring or a coil spring for absorbing residual vibration is removably wound around the outer periphery of the distal end side.
ｂ 実施例
以下に本考案の実施例を図面に基づいて説明す
る。本考案の超音波送受波装置１０の構成は、前
記した従来例の場合と全く同じであるが、円筒形
の電歪振動子１の先端側外周にダンパー１１を巻
装した点で相違する。b. Examples Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. The configuration of the ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device 10 of the present invention is exactly the same as that of the conventional example described above, except that a damper 11 is wound around the outer periphery of the cylindrical electrostrictive vibrator 1 on the tip side.
このダンパー１１としては、弾性ゴム材による
Ｏリングや弾性金属材によるコイルスプリングが
使用され、このダンパー１１が電歪振動子１で発
生された発信波Tbの残振動を吸収して機械的に
減衰させる。このダンパー１１は、第３図で説明
した残振動の発生に最も影響を及ぼす電歪振動子
１の先端側外周に巻装され、発信波の出力レベル
及び受信感度に最も影響を及ぼす軸線方向中央部
は何等拘束を受けないので、前記した従来技術と
違つて出力レベルや受信感度の低下が最小限に押
さえて効果的に残振動を減衰させることができ
る。 As this damper 11, an O-ring made of an elastic rubber material or a coil spring made of an elastic metal material is used, and this damper 11 absorbs the residual vibration of the transmitted wave Tb generated by the electrostrictive vibrator 1 and mechanically damps it. let This damper 11 is wound around the outer periphery of the tip side of the electrostrictive vibrator 1, which has the greatest influence on the generation of residual vibrations as explained in FIG. Since the parts are not constrained in any way, unlike the prior art described above, the reduction in output level and reception sensitivity can be kept to a minimum and residual vibrations can be effectively damped.
これにより、特に検知対象物が近距離の場合で
も残振動が受信波Rbと重なり合うことなく両
者は明確に区分状態で検知される。 As a result, even when the object to be detected is at a short distance, the residual vibration does not overlap with the received wave Rb, and the two are detected in a clearly separated state.
この場合に、遠距離の受信波Rbにおける受
信レベルが多少は低下するが、このダンパー１１
は着脱可能な構成のために、その際には必要に応
じて当該ダンパー１１を自由に取外して使用する
ことができると共に、そのままでも低下分が少な
いので検知装置で増幅してもＳ／Ｎ比やその他の
性能を余り損なうことがない。 In this case, the reception level of the long-distance received wave Rb decreases to some extent, but this damper 11
Since the damper 11 has a removable structure, the damper 11 can be freely removed and used if necessary, and the S/N ratio will be low even when amplified by a detection device because there is little deterioration even if it is left as is. and other performance is not significantly impaired.
前記の実施例でも明らかなとおり、本考案の超
音波送受波装置では出力レベルや受信感度の低下
が少ない状態で残振動を効果的に減衰させること
ができるので、特に残振動の影響を受けやすい検
知対象物が近距離にある場合の使用でも、当該残
振動によつて受信波の識別ができなくなることが
なく、その測定精度を向上させることができる。
As is clear from the above examples, the ultrasonic transceiver of the present invention can effectively attenuate residual vibrations with little reduction in output level or receiving sensitivity, so it is particularly susceptible to the effects of residual vibrations. Even when the object to be detected is located at a short distance, the residual vibration does not make it impossible to identify the received waves, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
また、このダンパーは着脱できるので検知対象
物が遠距離にある場合の使用にも容易に対応する
ことができると共に、当該ダンパーの構成が簡単
のためにきわめて安価に提供することができる。 Furthermore, since this damper is removable, it can easily be used when the object to be detected is located at a long distance, and since the damper has a simple structure, it can be provided at a very low cost.
第１図は実施例による超音波送受波装置の縦断
面図、第２図は発信波と受信波の波形図、第３図
は電歪振動子の特性曲線図である。
符号の説明、１……電歪振動子、２，４……反
射面、３……内部反射器、５……外部反射器、６
……リード線、７……シール部材、８……カバ
ー、９……取付ブラケツト、１０……超音波送受
波装置、Ta，Tb……発信波、Ra，Rb……
（近距離の）受信波、Ｃ……軸線方向、Ｓ１……
送信出力および受信感度の特性曲線、Ｓ２……残
振動の特性曲線。
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of a transmitted wave and a received wave, and FIG. 3 is a characteristic curve diagram of an electrostrictive vibrator. Explanation of symbols, 1... Electrostrictive vibrator, 2, 4... Reflecting surface, 3... Internal reflector, 5... External reflector, 6
... Lead wire, 7 ... Seal member, 8 ... Cover, 9 ... Mounting bracket, 10 ... Ultrasonic transducer, Ta, Tb ... Transmission wave, Ra, Rb ...
Received wave (at short distance), C... axial direction, S1...
Characteristic curve of transmission output and reception sensitivity, S2... Characteristic curve of residual vibration.
Claims (1)
波を受けると電気信号が取出される円筒形の電歪
振動子と、該電歪振動子が発生した超音波を検知
対象物に向けて反射し、対象物によつて反射され
た超音波を電歪振動子に反射する反射器とからな
る超音波送受波装置において、 前記電歪振動子は、基端側が前記反射器に固着
されて検知対象物に向かう軸線方向へ突設される
と共に、その先端側外周には残振動を吸収するＯ
リング又はコイルスプリングによるダンパーが着
脱可能に巻装されることを特徴とした超音波送受
波装置。[Claim for Utility Model Registration] A cylindrical electrostrictive vibrator that generates a predetermined ultrasonic wave when energized and extracts an electrical signal when it receives the ultrasonic wave, and the ultrasonic wave generated by the electrostrictive vibrator. An ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device comprising a reflector that reflects sound waves toward a detection target and reflects the ultrasonic waves reflected by the target onto an electrostrictive vibrator, the electrostrictive vibrator having a proximal end. The side is fixed to the reflector and protrudes in the axial direction toward the detection target, and the outer periphery of the tip side is provided with O for absorbing residual vibrations.
An ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device characterized in that a damper made of a ring or a coil spring is detachably wrapped around the damper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985024388U JPH0438639Y2 (en) | 1985-02-22 | 1985-02-22 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985024388U JPH0438639Y2 (en) | 1985-02-22 | 1985-02-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61140698U JPS61140698U (en) | 1986-08-30 |
| JPH0438639Y2 true JPH0438639Y2 (en) | 1992-09-09 |
Family
ID=30518491
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985024388U Expired JPH0438639Y2 (en) | 1985-02-22 | 1985-02-22 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0438639Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5527082B2 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2014-06-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | Electroacoustic transducer |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5739188B2 (en) * | 1978-10-13 | 1982-08-19 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5095954U (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1975-08-11 | ||
| JPS5739188U (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1982-03-02 |
-
1985
- 1985-02-22 JP JP1985024388U patent/JPH0438639Y2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5739188B2 (en) * | 1978-10-13 | 1982-08-19 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61140698U (en) | 1986-08-30 |
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