JPH0438264A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure such a good fresh-air intake property that is not subject to any influence of travel speed by installing a symmetrical pair of connecting ducts at the side of an outdoor unit body and along the forward longitudinal direction of a vehicle, and setting up each damper free of opening or closing in respective connecting ports opened each to vehicle longitudinal ends of these connecting ducts. CONSTITUTION:In an outdoor unit 4 of an air conditioner for rolling stock, there are provided an outdoor unit body 11 and a pair of connecting ducts 12, 13, and each of cavities formed at both symmetrical sides in the cross direction of a vehicle T is used as connecting ducts 12, 13. The outdoor unit body 11 is provided with two connecting openings 14, 15 being opened to only a connection with these connecting ducts 12, 13, and an outdoor side heat exchanger 16 is set up in the outdoor unit body 11 being opposed to the connecting opening 15. Likewise there is provided and outdoor blower 17 in opposition to this outdoor side heat exchanger 16, and a pair of compressors 18 are set up in the remaining space. As for these connecting ducts 12, 13, each of connecting ports 19a, 19b, 20a, 20b is installed in their longitudinal ends, and these connecting ports are opened in a state of being tilted aslant. Then each of dampers 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b is installed in space among these connecting ports and connecting openings 14, 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner, and particularly to an improvement in an outside air intake structure to an outdoor unit main body.

(Prior Art) Various types of vehicle air conditioners have been developed in the past.
It is put into practical use. This vehicle air conditioner consists of an outdoor unit that houses an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor blower, a compressor, etc., and an indoor unit that houses an indoor heat exchanger, an indoor blower, etc. Refrigeration cycle equipment is connected via refrigerant pipes.

Each unit is mounted, for example, on the roof or under the floor of the vehicle. The outdoor unit has an open air intake port and an exhaust port. Along with the refrigeration cycle operation, the outdoor blower is driven to take in outside air from the outside air intake and guide it to the outdoor heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with each other.

The outside air that has undergone heat exchange is discharged outside again through the exhaust port. A suction duct and a blowout duct are connected to the indoor unit. Each duct extends into the vehicle interior through the roof or floor of the vehicle, and has an inlet or an outlet at an appropriate position. Along with the refrigeration cycle operation, the indoor blower is driven to take in air from the vehicle interior through the suction duct and guide it into the indoor unit.
Heat is exchanged with the indoor heat exchanger. This heat-exchanged air is guided to a blow-off duct and blown into the vehicle interior.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, the high-speed single-stroke currently used has a vehicle speed of 300
km/h is the limit, and no particular problem occurs in the operation of the vehicle air conditioner as described above. However, recently, for example, magnetic levitation vehicles, etc., have a vehicle speed of 500kIl.
Ultra-high-speed vehicles, which are predicted to be faster than 1/h, are being researched and developed and are expected to be put into practical use in the near future.

Vehicle air conditioners with the current structure cannot be installed in such vehicles as they are.

In other words, on the indoor unit side, a closed air circulation circuit is constructed in which indoor air is circulated from the passenger compartment to the passenger compartment via the suction duct, the indoor unit, and the blow-off duct. It will not be affected. However, on the outdoor unit side, the intake port for taking in air from the outside and the exhaust port for discharging heat-exchanged air to the outside must be exposed to the outside. When the vehicle travels at an extremely high speed of about 500 km/h, the intake port and the exhaust port are exposed to high-speed wind. Then, a separation layer of air is created not only on the side surfaces where each day is provided, but also on all the side surfaces exposed to the outside.

This release layer nearly occlusions each day, preventing air from entering the unit and impeding exhaust air.

Even if these intake ports and exhaust ports are provided along the side or top surface of the vehicle and open parallel to the traveling direction, they will still be affected. Also, even if these ports are opened on the side opposite to the direction of travel, they will be affected if the vehicle is driven at extremely high speeds, and if the vehicle turns back from the terminal point, the direction of travel will be reversed. The mouths face each other in the direction of travel and are even more affected.

Is it possible to reduce the negative effects of the above-mentioned peeling layer even a little if an extremely large-capacity outdoor blower is made with a large number of metals?
This not only increases the size of the outdoor blower and poses problems in terms of installation space, but is also undesirable in terms of cost and running cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to ensure the intake of outside air without being affected by the running speed of the vehicle, and to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger. The present invention aims to provide an improved vehicle air conditioner.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means and Effects for Solving the Problems) That is, the present invention includes an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor blower, a compressor, etc. housed in an outdoor unit main body and installed in a vehicle. A pair of left and right communication ducts are provided on the side of the unit body and communicate with the inside of the outdoor unit body along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and communication ports are opened at the vehicle front and rear ends of these communication ducts, respectively. This is a vehicle air conditioner characterized by a tamper that can be opened and closed.

The damper opens the communication ports at opposite ends of the communication ducts as the vehicle advances.

Outside air is taken in from the communication port on the front end side in the direction of travel, so this communication duct becomes an outside air intake duct. The outside air taken in from the communication port diagonally traverses the outdoor unit main body and exchanges heat with the outdoor heat exchanger. and,
The heat-exchanged air is discharged to the outside from the communication port of the other communication duct on the rear end side in the direction of travel. Therefore, the other communication duct becomes an exhaust duct.

(Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a vehicle T on which a vehicle air conditioner S is mounted. That is, the vehicle air conditioner S includes an outdoor unit 4 and an indoor unit 5, which are arranged adjacent to each other, for example, below the floor surface 3 that constitutes the vehicle interior 2 of the vehicle body 1.

The outdoor unit 4 is configured as described below. A suction duct 6 and a blowout duct 7 are connected to the indoor unit 5 . The suction duct 6 extends through the floor 3 inside the vehicle interior 2, for example, along the floor surface 3, and is provided with suction ports 8 that open at the lower part of the vehicle interior 2 at appropriate intervals. It will be done. The above-mentioned blowout duct 7 has a floor surface 3 and a ceiling surface 9.
Air outlets 10 are provided that extend through the ceiling surface 9 and extend along the ceiling surface side, and open to the ceiling surface 9 at appropriate intervals.

As shown in FIG. 2, the outdoor unit 4 is comprised of an outdoor unit main body 11 and a pair of communication ducts 12 and 13. That is, the left and right sides of the vehicle T in the width direction (also the sleeper direction) are formed with recesses, and the recesses are used as the communication ducts 12 and 13. For convenience of explanation, the communication duct on the upper side is referred to as the first communication duct 12 in the figure, and the communication duct on the lower side is referred to as the second communication duct 13.

These first. A pair of second communication ducts 12, 13 are provided on both left and right sides along the forward and backward direction of movement of the vehicle T, and the outdoor unit main body 11 is interposed between these communication ducts 12, 13.

The outdoor unit main body 11 is connected to the first outdoor unit main body 11, which is located on both left and right sides in the width direction of the vehicle T. The first duct is open only at the connection with the second communication duct 12.13. Second communication opening 14.1
5. An outdoor heat exchanger 16 is disposed inside the outdoor unit main body 11 facing the second communication opening 15 . An outdoor blower 17 including, for example, a propeller fan 17a is disposed opposite to the outdoor heat exchanger 16, and a pair of compressors 18.18 are disposed in the remaining space.

Above 1. The second communication duct 12.13 has a pair of communication ports 19a at its front and rear ends relative to the vehicle T.

19'b, 20a, 20b are provided. In the figure, each of the communication ports 19a, 19b, 20a, and 20b opens obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle T. The front and rear communication ports 19a and 19b, 20a and 20b in each communication duct 12.13 communicate with each other, and the first and second communication ports 19a and 20b communicate with each other. It also communicates with the interior of the outdoor unit main body 11 via the second communication opening 14.15. and,
Each communication port 19a, 19b, 20a, 20b and the first and second
A damper 21a,
21b, 22a, 22b and stoppers 23a, 23b
, 24a, 24b are provided.

Each damper 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b is provided with a hinge portion on the outer surface side in the vehicle 1 width direction of each communication duct 12.13, and the end portion on the communication opening 14°15 side rotates as a free end. freely supported. Therefore, vehicle T
The running wind that accompanies the running of the
9b, 20a.

When the wind enters from 20b, each damper 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b can easily rotate in response to the wind pressure. The stoppers 23a, 23b.

24a and 24b block opposing dampers 21a, 21b, 22a, and 22b depending on the traveling direction of the vehicle T, and restrict this rotation. In this state, the opposing communication ports 19a,
19b, 20a, and 20b are closed.

To explain, when the large arrow in the figure is the traveling direction of the vehicle T, in the first communication duct 12, the free end of the damper 21a can be rotated to the rear side with respect to the damper 21a on the front end side. A stopper 23a is provided to restrict rotation in the traveling direction. A stopper 23b is provided on the damper 21b on the rear end side so that the free end of the damper 21b can rotate in the direction of travel and restricts rotation toward the rear side. In other words, this communication duct unit 2
The front and rear stoppers 23a and 23b in the damper 21
a and 21b are mutually rotatable inwardly, and are provided at a position that prevents them from rotating outwardly.

In the second communication duct 13, a damper 22 on the front end side
A stopper 24b is provided so that the free end portion of the damper 22a can rotate in the traveling direction with respect to a, and restricts rotation toward the rear side. A stopper 24b is provided on the damper 22b on the rear end side so that the self-end portion of the damper 22b can rotate toward the rear side and restricts rotation toward the traveling direction. In other words, the front and rear stoppers 24a, 24b in this communication duct 13 are the dampers 22a.

22b are rotatable outwardly relative to each other, and are provided inwardly at a position that prevents rotation.

The indoor unit 5 has an indoor blower 25 installed approximately in the center thereof.
is placed. This indoor blower 25 is constructed by fitting multi-blade centrifugal fans 27 and 27 onto each of the rotation shafts of a fan motor 26 having two rotation shafts. Indoor blower 25
A pair of indoor heat exchangers 28, 28 are arranged on both sides of the . These indoor heat exchangers 28, 28 are connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and compressor 18, which are arranged inside the outdoor unit main body 11 via refrigerant pipes (not shown).
etc. will be communicated with. That is, two sets of refrigeration cycle equipment are housed in each unit 4.5, and all of them have a uniform heat exchange effect within the compartment 2, which is extremely long in the horizontal direction, which is the traveling direction, with respect to the width direction. It is now possible to obtain it. A connection port 29.29 of the suction duct 6 is provided facing the outer side of each indoor heat exchanger 28.28, and a connection port 29.29 of the blowout duct 7 is provided facing the multi-blade centrifugal fan 27.27. 30.30 is provided.

The compressors 18 and 18 are then driven to start refrigeration cycle operation. When the vehicle T is in a stopped state, the outdoor blower 17 is driven, and when the vehicle T is in a running state, this drive is stopped for reasons described later.

Note that the indoor blower 25 must be driven regardless of whether the vehicle T is running or stopping.

For example, in the case of cooling operation, the compressor 18.18 sucks the evaporated refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger 28, 28, compresses it, raises the temperature to high pressure, and discharges it. This refrigerant gas is led to the outdoor heat exchanger 16, where it is condensed and liquefied. Further, it is led to a pressure reducing device (not shown) to have a low pressure, and is led to the indoor heat exchanger 28° 28 where it is evaporated. The indoor blower 25 is driven to draw air from inside the vehicle compartment 2 into the suction port 8 of the duct 6.
... and passed through the indoor heat exchanger 28.28. At this time, the air inside the vehicle is deprived of the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant and becomes lower in temperature. The low-temperature air inside the vehicle compartment 2 is guided to the blow-off duct 7, and is blown out into the vehicle compartment 2 from the blow-off ports 10. Since the blown air has a low temperature, it has a cooling effect on the vehicle interior 2. On the other hand, the indoor heat exchanger 28.
The refrigerant evaporated at 28 is sucked into the compressor 18, 18, and the above-described cycle is repeated.

In addition, when the vehicle T is in a running state, the outdoor blower 17
Stopping is as explained above. At this time, if the vehicle T is traveling in the direction of the large arrow in the figure, each damper 21a is affected by the traveling wind.

21b, 22a, 22b are the communication ports 19a as shown in the figure.
, 19b, 20a, 20b are opened or closed. That is, the first. Communication ports 19a and 20b at opposite ends of the second communication duct) 12 and 13
The dampers 21a and 22b are rotated so as to open, and the remaining communication ports 19b and 120a are closed by the dampers 21b and 22a that are stopped by the stoppers 23b and 24a.

To explain, at the communication port 19a on the front end side of the first communication duct 12 on the right side in the direction of travel, the stopper 23
The damper 21a is rotated by the wind pressure of the traveling wind from the position a, and is opened. At the communication port 19b on the rear end side, the damper 21b is prevented from rotating from the position where the stopper 23b is provided, and remains in the closed state even when subjected to the wind pressure of the traveling wind.

Therefore, the first communication duct 12 has the communication port 1 on the front end side.
An outside air intake duct is formed that takes in outside air from 9a and guides it into the outdoor unit main body 11 through the first communication opening 14. The outside air guided into the outdoor unit main body 11 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant. Also, the second communication duct 1 on the left side in the direction of travel
In No. 3, the communication port 20a on the front end side is prevented from rotating from the damper 22a from the position where the stopper 24a is provided, and remains in the closed state even when subjected to the wind pressure of the traveling wind. Rear end side communication port 2
At 0b, the damper 22b rotates from the position where the stopper 24b is provided under the pressure of the wind blown out from the outdoor unit main body 11 through the second communication opening 15, and is opened. Therefore, the communication duct 13 of j@2 forms an exhaust duct that discharges outside air that has undergone heat exchange with the outdoor heat exchanger 16 in the outdoor unit main body 11 to the outside from the communication port 20b on the rear end side.

Eventually, as the vehicle T travels, the first communication duct 1
2 is used as an outside air intake duct to take in outside air as a running wind, diagonally crosses the inside of the outdoor unit main body 11, and performs heat exchange with the outdoor heat exchanger 16. The heat-exchanged air is then exhausted to the outside using the second communication duct 13 as an exhaust duct. Due to the wind pressure of the traveling wind, the damper 19a,
Since the structure is such that 22b is opened, as the traveling speed of the vehicle T becomes higher, the ability to take in outside air becomes better, and the heat exchange efficiency with the outdoor heat exchanger 16 improves.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the vehicle T shown in FIG. 2 travels in a direction opposite to the traveling direction.

At this time, each damper 21a, 21b, 22a.

stoppers 23a, 23b,
24 a.

Each damper 21a from the position where 24b is provided.

The opening and closing operations of 21b, 22a, 22b are completely opposite to those previously described. That is, in the second communication duct 13, the damper 22b on the front end side rotates in response to the wind pressure of the traveling wind with respect to the new traveling direction of the vehicle T, and the communication port 20b is opened. In the communication port 20a on the rear end side,
The damper 22a is prevented from rotating and is in a closed state. In addition, in the first communication duct 12, the communication port 1 on the front end side
At 9b, the damper 21b is prevented from rotating and closed. At the communication port 19a on the rear end side, the damper 21a rotates under the pressure of the wind blown out from the outdoor unit main body 11 through the first communication opening 14, and is opened.

Therefore, as the vehicle T travels, the second communication duct 13 is used as an outside air intake duct to take in the outside air, which is the traveling wind, and diagonally crosses the inside of the outdoor unit main body 11 to exchange heat with the outside heat exchanger 16. cause the action to take place. and,
The heat-exchanged air is discharged to the outside using the first communication duct 12 as an exhaust duct. At this time as well, each damper 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b is opened by the wind pressure of the traveling wind, so as the traveling speed of the vehicle T becomes higher, the outside air intake becomes better and In exactly the same way, the heat exchange efficiency with the heat exchanger 16 is improved. In other words, it has a function that is independent of the direction in which the vehicle T travels.

Note that if the car maker stops while the refrigeration cycle continues to operate, the outdoor air blower 17 is driven because no running wind is generated. For example, in the second communication duct 13 located on this blowing direction side,
The dampers 22a on both sides receive wind pressure from the outdoor blower 17.
, 22b rotate to open the communication ports 20a, 20b, respectively. In the first communication duct 12 on the suction direction side,
Negative pressure is generated by the blowing action of the outdoor blower 17, and under the influence of this, the dampers 21a and 21b on both sides rotate to open the respective communication ports 19a and 19b. That is, the dampers 21a, 21b in the first communication duct 12 rotate inwardly, and each communication port 19a, 19b becomes an intake port for introducing outside air. Both dampers 22a and 22b in the second communication duct 13 rotate outward from each other to open their respective communication ports 20a and 20b, which serve as exhaust ports for discharging outside air heat-exchanged by the outdoor heat exchanger 16 to the outside. Become. As a result, outside air is taken into the outdoor unit main body 11 and heat exchanged with the outdoor heat exchanger 16.

In this way, the outdoor blower 17 needs to be driven when the vehicle T stops, or does not need to be driven at all while the vehicle T is running, so that the outdoor blower 17 can be operated in a labor-saving manner.

In addition, each damper 21a, 21b, 22a.

22b is rotated under the influence of the running wind, and the communication port 19a is
, 19b, 20a, and 20b, but the invention is not limited to this, and each damper 21a, 21b
, 22a, 22b may be mechanically driven to open and close.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment structure of the present invention. That is,
Each damper 121a, 121b, 122a.

A stopper 123a changes the pivot side of 122b to the outdoor unit main body 11 side and prevents each rotation.

123b 1.24a, 124b as 1st. It is provided on the outer surface side of the second communication duct 12.13.

Since the other configurations are completely the same as those of the previously described embodiment, the same numbers will be assigned and new explanation will be omitted. Each stopper 123a, 123b in the first communication duct 12 is each damper 121a.

121b is provided so as to be rotatable inward. Second
Each stopper 124a, 124 in the communication duct 13
b is each damper 122a.

122b is provided so as to be rotatable outward.

Therefore, each damper 121
a, 121b, 122a, and 122b are rotationally biased to form communication ports 19a and 19b, respectively.

The opening/closing conditions of 20a and 20b are exactly the same as those of the previously described embodiment, and it is also the same that the outside air intake is improved and the heat exchange efficiency with the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is improved. be.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, a pair of left and right communication ducts are provided on the side surface of the outdoor unit main body and along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and these communication ducts communicate with the vehicle front and rear ends, respectively. A damper is installed in each of these communication ports so that they can be opened and closed, and as the vehicle advances, one of the communication ducts is used as an outside air intake duct, and the other communication duct is used as an exhaust duct. The outside air taken in from the communication port is passed diagonally across the outdoor unit body and then exhausted from the communication port on the exhaust duct side, so it is not affected by the running speed of the vehicle and is reliably placed inside the outdoor unit body. outside air can be taken in and exchanged heat with the outdoor heat exchanger. That is, it is possible to improve the intake of outside air regardless of the running speed of the vehicle, and to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 show one embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a vehicle equipped with a vehicle air conditioner, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional plan view of a vehicle air conditioner and a part of the vehicle, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the vehicle air conditioner and a part of the vehicle in a state different from that in FIG. 2, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view of a vehicle air conditioner and a portion of a vehicle, showing an embodiment of the present invention. 16... Outdoor heat exchanger, 17... Outdoor blower, 1
8... Compressor, 11... Outdoor unit main body, 121
3-...Communication duct, 19a, 19b, 20a. 20b...Communication port, 21a, 21b, 22a. 22b...damper. Figure 3 Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue 22b Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] An outdoor unit that accommodates an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor blower, a compressor, etc. and is installed in a vehicle, and an outdoor unit that is installed on the side of the outdoor unit and along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and communicates with the inside of the outdoor unit. A pair of left and right communication ducts, a communication port that opens at the front and rear ends of the vehicle, and a communication port that is provided in each of these communication ports so that they can be opened and closed, and that opposite ends of the communication ducts open as the vehicle advances. A communication duct in which a communication port at the front end in the vehicle traveling direction is opened is an outside air intake duct,
The communication duct with the communication port at the rear end in the direction of vehicle movement is used as an exhaust duct, and the outside air taken in from the communication port on the outside air intake duct side is passed diagonally across the outdoor unit main body to communicate with the exhaust duct side. A vehicle air conditioner characterized by comprising a damper that discharges air from the mouth.