JPH0438036B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a bus fare collection device, and in particular,
The present invention relates to a card-based bus fare collection device that saves the work of bus crew members by making it possible to collect bus fares using cards.

[Conventional technology]

As various sales departments and various service departments are moving toward a cashless system, there is a desire for a cashless system for bus fare collection as well.

Conventionally, methods for making bus rides cashless include methods using commuter passes and coupon tickets. However, the method using commuter passes requires the bus crew to confirm and judge the authenticity and suitability of the commuter pass being used.Especially in the case of one-man buses, the driver must perform the above-mentioned confirmation and decision-making process himself/herself. This will put a lot of strain on your hands. Essentially, the driver should concentrate all his energy on driving the bus safely, and imposing the above-mentioned troublesome confirmation and judgment work on the driver will hinder the safe driving of the bus and may lead to serious accidents. It could also be the cause.

Furthermore, the method using coupons also requires confirmation and judgment as to the authenticity and suitability of the coupon, which places a burden on the bus crew, similar to the method using commuter passes.

In addition, the method of using commuter passes and coupon tickets may be convenient to some extent when only using the same line, but it may not be possible to use it at all when using on other lines with different fares. Even if it can be used, it has drawbacks such as the need to pay an additional fee.

By the way, some buses have a fare system in which the fares differ for each section depending on the difference in the distance between the stops, or the fare increases as the number of riding sections increases. Conventionally, buses that have such a fare system, especially one-man buses, have a boarding entrance at the rear of the bus, and passengers take a numbered ticket with the boarding stop number written at the boarding gate and proceed to the boarding stop. When you arrive, you look at the fare table that shows the fare for the section up to that point, and pay the indicated amount in cash to the driver at the exit at the front of the bus. In this case, the driver must check the number of the passenger's ticket, check whether the passenger has paid the specified amount correctly, and also consider the cash settlement process after the bus service ends. This causes drivers to be more nervous than necessary.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

This invention is applied to the collection of fares for buses that have a fare system in which fares differ for each section depending on the distance between the stops, and the fare increases as the number of sections traveled increases. The purpose is to reduce the workload of bus drivers by making it easier to collect fares for this type of bus, thereby ensuring the safety of bus operations.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first invention, there is provided a determining means for determining the authenticity of the inserted card from genuine note information stored in the inserted card; If it is determined that the card is a ticket, a reading means reads the amount of money that can be used from this card, an input means that inputs the ride section, and a ride that is input by the input means from the amount of money that can be used that is read by the reading means. A bus fare comprising an updating means for deducting the fare corresponding to the section and updating the usable amount of the card with the remaining amount, and an ejecting means for ejecting the card with the usable amount updated by the updating means. The present invention is characterized in that a collection device is disposed at the exit of the bus, and the bus fares of passengers are collected by the bus fare collection device.

Further, according to the second invention, there is provided a determining means for determining the authenticity of the inserted card from genuine note information stored in the inserted card, and a determining means for determining that the inserted card is a genuine note. a reading means for reading the amount available for use from this card if the card is used;
an input means for inputting a ride section, and a ride fee corresponding to the ride section input by the input means is deducted from the usable amount read by the reading means, and the usable amount of the card is updated with the remaining amount. an updating means; a display means for displaying the amount as a deficit amount when the available amount updated by the updating means is negative; and a displaying means for displaying the amount as a deficit amount when the available amount updated by the updating means is positive; A bus comprising an ejecting means for ejecting the card, an importing means for importing the card when the available amount updated by the updating means is negative, and a recording means for recording the processing history of the card. A fare collection device is disposed at the exit of the bus, and the bus fare collection device collects bus fares from passengers, and also operates the bus and manages passengers based on the contents stored in the recording means. do.

[Effect]

In the first invention, the authenticity of the inserted card is determined based on genuine note information stored in the card, and if the inserted card is determined to be a genuine note, the amount of money that can be spent from this card is determined. A bus fare collection device is installed at the exit of the bus that reads the available amount, deducts the fare corresponding to the boarding section from this available amount, updates the available amount on the card with the remaining amount, and discharges the card. The fare collection device collects bus fares from passengers.

Further, in the second invention, in addition to the above-mentioned effect, if the updated usable amount is negative, the amount is displayed as a deficit amount, the card is imported, and the processing history of this card is recorded in the recording means. A bus fare collection device for recording is arranged at the exit of the bus, and the bus fare collection device collects bus fares from passengers, and also performs bus operation and passenger management based on the stored contents of the recording means.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a one-man bus fare collection system to which the card-based bus fare collection device of the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 1, 1 shows the configuration of a bus fare collection device, which is a terminal installed at the exit of a bus, and 2
For example, indicates a tally management machine installed at a bus operation management office. The magnetic card R/W unit 10 is a magnetic card used for paying bus fares inserted by passengers (hereinafter referred to as bus card BC).
Read the necessary information from this bus card
It performs processing such as writing necessary information to BC. The magnetic card R/W unit 10 first determines the authenticity of the bus card BC inserted by the passenger, then reads the usable remaining amount of the bus card BC, and determines the section of the ride based on the read remaining amount. A process is performed to write the amount after subtracting the predetermined fee corresponding to the amount into the bus card BC as a new remaining amount. This magnetic card R/W section 10 will later be
This will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. The display section 11 displays a bus card using the magnetic card R/W section 10.
According to the BC information read and write process,
For example, "The balance on your card is xxx yen."
“The toll for this line is xxx yen.” “The new balance is
It's xxx yen. ”, etc.
The sound generating unit 12 generates, through processing by the magnetic card R/W unit 10, e.g., "Boo, the card is incorrect.", "Boo, the fee is insufficient.", "Boo, this card has been used.", etc. It is used to generate sounds. The control switch section 13 is used by the driver to input information necessary for bus fare collection. The necessary information here includes the number of the passenger's numbered ticket and information indicating the boarding section if the passenger forgets to take the numbered ticket at the boarding gate. Also, information identifying whether the passenger is an "adult" or "child";
It also includes information on the number of people riding on one bus card BC at one time. The IC card R/W unit 14 is for writing and reading necessary information into and from an IC card (hereinafter referred to as a management card KC) used for passenger management and operation management. When the bus leaves the parking lot, the IC card R/W section 30 of the tally management machine 3, which will be described later, writes the route code, driver code, departure date and time, predetermined fixed fare for this route, etc. on the management card KC. , the driver inserts this management card KC into the IC card R/W section 24 when operating the bus. IC card R/W section 2
In step 4, read the necessary information from the above route code, driver code, departure date and time, and the prescribed fixed fare for this route, as well as the number of passengers for each boarding section, the number of passengers getting on and off at each stop, and the bus card BC. Write down the amount received and the amount of cash received.

The card vending machine 15 is for selling bus cards BC for passengers who board the bus without having one. The card vending machine 15 sells a bus card BC with a balance equivalent to the sales amount, and the passenger pays the bus fare by inserting this bus card BC into the magnetic card R/W section 10. However, in this embodiment, the card vending machine 15 is configured to sell a bus card BC whose remaining amount is the amount after deducting a predetermined bus fare corresponding to the boarding section traveled. , which aims to simplify passenger operations. The above magnetic card R/W section 10, display section 11, sound generation section 12, control switch section 13, IC card R/W
The section 14 and the card vending machine 15 are controlled by a control section 16. Further, the power supply unit 17 is for supplying power to 16.

The tally management machine 2 includes an IC card R/W section 20 and a host computer system 21. When the bus leaves the parking lot, the IC card R/W unit 20 writes the route code, driver code, date and time of departure, predetermined fixed fee for this route, etc. in the management card KC, and when the bus returns to the parking lot, the IC card R/W unit 20 writes the route code, driver code, departure date and time, predetermined fixed fee for this route, etc. Performs processing such as reading the contents of the management card KC after completion. The IC card R/W unit 20 sends the read contents of the management card KC after the completion of the operation to the host computer system 31 for passenger and operation management.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of the magnetic card R/W section 10. In addition, in this configuration example, the bus card BC to which the magnetic card R/W section 10 performs write/read processing has two magnetic recording bands b1 and b2 as shown in FIG. 2, and has a notch b3 at the tip. ing. Here, the magnetic recording band b1 stores genuine bill information indicating that the note is genuine, data indicating the usable remaining amount, etc., and the magnetic recording band b2 stores data for preventing forgery. Also, the notch b3
This is to prevent the card from being inserted backwards.
This bus card BC is inserted into the magnetic card R/W section 10 in the direction shown by arrow A.

The magnetic card R/W section 10 has optical sensors S1 to S6 and magnetic heads H1 to H4. In addition, the magnetic card R/W section 10
is a shutter that accepts bus card BC insertion.
SH and solenoid SL that drives this shutter
1, a flipper FL for sorting usable cards from unusable cards and taking in unusable cards, and a solenoid SL2 for driving this flipper FL.

The optical sensors S1 to S6 each consist of a combination of a light emitting element and a light receiving element (not shown), and the light emitting element forms a light beam perpendicular to the plane of this paper that reaches the light receiving element, and this light beam is blocked by the bus card BC. The arrival of bus card BC is detected by detecting. In the following description, the blocking of the light beam is referred to as the optical sensor being turned on, and the non-blocking state is referred to as being off. The magnetic heads H1 to H4 consist of a head for reading data and a head for writing data. Magnetic heads H1, H3, and H4 are heads for reading data, and magnetic head H2 is a head for reading data.
is a head for writing data.

The optical sensors S1 and S2 detect reverse insertion of the bus card BC using the notch b3 at the tip of the bus card BC. That is, when bus card BC is inserted, optical sensor S1 is on and optical sensor S2 is on.
is off, it is determined that the bus card BC has been inserted in the correct direction, and if both optical sensor S1 and optical sensor S2 are on, it is determined that the bus card BC has been inserted in the opposite direction. In addition, the optical sensor S3 is connected to the bus card BC in the magnetic card R/W section 10.
This is to ensure that it is taken into the body. Further, the optical sensor S4 is for detecting the rear end of the bus card BC which is sent backward for rewriting when data writing fails. Further, the optical sensor S5 detects the write timing of the write head H2.
Write head H2 is triggered by turning on.
In addition, the optical sensor S6 is for controlling the stop of the motor MO for transporting the bus card.
6 changes from on to off, the motor MO for transporting the bus card is stopped after a certain period of time. In Fig. 2, the CB is driven by the bus card transport motor MO, and the magnetic card R/
A bus card conveying belt for conveying the bus card BC taken into the W section 10 is shown.

Next, the operation of the magnetic card R/W unit 10 will be explained with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to 6. When bus card BC is inserted,
First, in step 101, it is determined whether the optical sensor S1 is on. If the optical sensor S1 is not on, the process returns to step 101. If it is determined in step 101 that the optical sensor S1 is on, the process moves to step 102, where it is determined whether the optical sensor S2 is off. Here, optical sensor S
2 is on, that is, the optical sensor S2 is not off, it is determined that the bus card BC has been inserted in the opposite direction, or that the inserted card is different from the bus card BC that does not have a notch at the tip. Then, the process branches to step 103, where a red warning lamp (not shown) on the display section 11 is flashed, and at the same time, the sound generation section 12 generates a sound saying "Boo, the card is incorrect." In step 102, if the optical sensor S2 is off, it is determined that the correct bus card BC having a notch at the tip has been inserted, and the process moves to step 104, where the timer time t is
1 starts the operation of timer T1, then moves to step 105, opens the shutter SH by turning on the solenoid SL1, turns on the bus card transport motor MO, and turns on the bus card transport motor MO. start rotating. As a result, the bus card BC passes through the shutter SH and the magnetic card R/
It is guided onto the bus card transport belt CB of the W section 10. Note that the timer time t1 of the timer T1 is set to, for example, 100 ms.

Next, in step 106, a determination is made as to whether photosensor S3 is on. Here, if the optical sensor S3 is not turned on yet, the process moves to step 107, where it is determined whether or not the timer time t1 of the timer T1 has elapsed.If the timer time t1 has not elapsed, the process moves to step 105. When the timer time t1 has elapsed, the process moves to step 108. In this case, in step 108, processing is performed to turn off the solenoid SL1 and close the shutter SH as a failure in retraction of the bus card BC. Next, the process moves to step 109, where the timer T2 starts operating for a predetermined timer time t2, and when it is determined in step 110 that the timer time t2 of the timer T2 has elapsed, the process returns to step 104.

If it is determined in step 106 that the optical sensor S3 is on, the process moves to step 111, and the operation of the timer T3 for timer time t3 is started. Here, the timer time t3 of the timer T3 is set corresponding to the time from when the optical sensor S3 is turned on until the magnetic head H1 starts reading data from the bus card BC. Subsequently, in step 112, a determination is made as to whether or not there is a card rolling signal CLS. Here, the card rolling signal CLS is included in the data read by the magnetic head H1, and is included at the beginning of the data recorded on the bus card BC. step
If it is determined in step 112 that there is no card rolling signal CLS, the process branches to step 113 and timer T3 is activated.
It is determined whether or not the timer time t3 of the timer T3 has elapsed. If the timer time t3 of the timer T3 has not elapsed, the process returns to step 112. When the timer time t3 of the timer T3 has elapsed, the process moves to step 114, and the display section A red warning lamp (not shown) 11 is flashed, and a sound generating section 12 generates a warning sound "boo" to notify that the card is jammed.

Card rolling signal CLS at step 112
If it is determined that there is a
The solenoid SL1 is turned off and the shutter SH is closed, and the process moves to step 200.

Step 200 consists of subroutines as shown in FIG. In other words, first step 201
The genuine bill information indicating that the bill is a genuine bill and the data indicating the usable remaining amount recorded on the magnetic recording strip b1 are read by the magnetic head H1, and the data recorded on the magnetic recording strip b1 is
The magnetic head H3 performs a process of reading the forgery prevention data stored in the magnetic head H3. Next, step
Based on the above data read in step 202, it is determined whether the card is correct or not. If the card is determined to be incorrect here, the process branches to step 203.
It is determined whether the optical sensor S6 is on or not. If it is determined that the optical sensor S6 is on, the process moves to step 204, and it is then determined whether the optical sensor S6 is off. If it is determined in step 204 that the optical sensor S6 is off, the process moves to step 205 and the timer time t4 is
The operation of timer T4 is started. That is, after the arrival of the bus card BC is detected by the optical sensor S6 and its passage is detected, the operation of the timer T4 is started. Here, the timer time t4 of the timer T4 is set corresponding to the time from when the passage of the bus card BC is detected by the optical sensor S6 until the bus card BC is ejected. Next, in step 206, it is determined whether or not the timer time t4 of the timer T4 has elapsed. When the timer time t4 of the timer T4 has elapsed, the process moves to step 207, where the bus card transport motor MO is turned off and the bus is turned off. Performs processing to stop the card transport motor MO. Then, the process moves to step 208, where the red warning lamp (not shown) on the display section 11 flashes, and the sound generation section 12 says, "Boo, the card is incorrect."
It will make a sound and then go into standby mode.

If the card is determined to be correct in step 202,
The process moves to step 209, where it is determined whether or not a numbered ticket has been input. Here, the expression "numbered ticket has been input" refers to a case where the passenger's serial number has been input by the driver's operation of the control switch section 13.
If it is determined in step 209 that no numbered ticket has been input, it is determined whether or not a boarding section has been input. Here, the expression "the riding section has been input" means that the riding section of the passenger has been input by the driver's operation of the control switch section 13. This boarding section input is performed when a passenger forgets to take a numbered ticket at the boarding gate. If it is determined in step 210 that there is no riding section input, the process returns to step 209. If it is determined in step 209 that a numbered ticket has been input, and if it is determined in step 210 that a riding section has been input, the process moves to step 211, where the section fare is calculated. This section fare calculation is performed based on the numbered ticket input determined to be input in step 209 or the boarding section input determined to be input in step 210. That is, if a numbered ticket is input, the boarding section is determined based on the numbered ticket input and the alighting stop information input by other means, and the section fare is calculated based on this boarding section. In addition, if the riding section is input, the section fare is calculated based on this riding section input.
Here, the section fare can be calculated based on the riding section, for example, using a storage device in which section fares are stored in advance in correspondence with each riding section. When the calculation of the section toll is completed in step 211, the process moves to step 212. In step 212, the section fare calculated above is displayed. This ends this subroutine and moves to step 116 (FIG. 3).

In step 116, based on the data read in step 200, the section fare KC calculated in step 211 (Figure 4) is subtracted from the remaining amount LC on the bus card BC, and the subtracted value LC' (=LC - KC) is determined to be correct. Decide whether it is a number or not. In addition, here, section fare KC indicates the section fare for children when the driver operates the control switch section 13 (Fig. 2) and selects the fare for children, and also indicates the section fare for children. Price, for example, if the price for 3 people is selected, these 3
Indicates the section fare for one person. If the subtraction value LC' is determined to be a positive number in the above judgment at step 116, the process moves to step 117 (FIG. 5).

In step 117, it is determined whether the optical sensor S5 is on or not. If the optical sensor S5 is not on, the process branches to step 118, and the timer T3 is set for time t3.
A judgment is made as to whether or not the period has passed. Here, if the timer time t3 of the timer T3 has not yet elapsed, the process returns to step 117, but when the timer time t3 of the timer T3 has elapsed, the process moves to step 119, and a red warning lamp (not shown) on the display section 11 is turned on. At the same time, the sound generating section 12 generates a warning sound called "boo" to notify that the card is jammed.

Further, if it is determined in step 117 that the optical sensor S5 is on, the process moves to step 120. step
At 120, the magnetic head H2 writes the subtracted value LC' (=LC-KC) to the bus card BC. Subsequently, the process moves to step 121, where the magnetic head H2 reads the written contents. Next, in step 122, the above step 121 is performed.
A determination is made as to whether or not the content read in matches the subtracted value LC' (=LC-KC). Here, the content read in step 121 above is the subtracted value LC' (=LC - KC).
If it is determined that they do not match, the process branches to step 123, the bus card transport motor MO is stopped, and then the bus card transport motor MO is reversed, and then the process moves to step 124.
In step 124, it is determined whether or not the optical sensor S4 is on. If it is determined that the optical sensor S4 is on, the process moves to step 125. In step 125,
The reverse rotation of the bus card transport motor MO is stopped, and then the bus card transport motor MO is rotated in the normal direction. Then, proceed to step 126,
Perform the operation to reverse the bus card transport motor MO.
A determination is made as to whether or not the process has been performed twice (for example, twice). In this judgment, the bus card transport motor
If the MO is reversed less than n times, the process returns to step 117. However, when the operation of reversing the bus card transport motor MO reaches n times, it is determined that writing is impossible and the process moves to step 127, where the red warning lamp (not shown) on the display section 11 flashes and the sound generation section 12 This will generate a warning sound that indicates that writing is not possible.

If it is determined in step 122 that the content read in step 121 matches the calculated value LC' (=LC-KC), the process proceeds to step 128. At step 128, it is determined whether the optical sensor S6 is on or not. If it is determined that the optical sensor S6 is on, the process moves to step 129, where it is then determined whether or not the optical sensor S6 is off. If it is determined in step 129 that the optical sensor S6 is off, the process moves to step 130, and the operation of the timer T4 for the timer time t4 is started. Next, in step 131, the timer time t of timer T4 is set.
A determination is made as to whether T4 has elapsed, and timer T4
When the timer time t4 has elapsed, the process moves to step 132, where processing is performed to turn off the bus card transport motor MO and stop the bus card transport motor MO. After that, it enters a standby state.

In step 116 (Figure 3), the subtracted value
LC′ (=LC−KC) is a negative number, i.e. bus card
If it is determined that the remaining amount of BC is insufficient for the charge, the process moves to step 133 (Figure 6). In step 133, the display section 11 displays the amount of money that is insufficient, and the voice generating section 12 generates a voice saying "Boo, the amount is insufficient." The passenger will pay the shortfall amount in cash based on this display on the display 1. In this case, the bus card BC becomes unnecessary, so it is taken into the magnetic card R/W section 10 as shown below. That is, first,
In step 134, the solenoid SL2 is turned on, the flipper FL is driven, and the card intake port (not shown) is opened. Next, the process moves to step 135, where it is determined whether the optical sensor S6 is on. If it is determined that the optical sensor S6 is on, the process moves to step 136, where it is determined whether the optical sensor S6 is off or not.
If it is determined that the optical sensor S6 is off, the process moves to step 137, and the timer T5 of the timer time t5 is activated.
start the operation. Here, the timer time t5 of the timer T5 is determined by the optical sensor S6.
It is set corresponding to the time from when the passage of the bus card BC is detected until the bus card BC is captured. Next, in step 138, the timer time t5 of timer T5 is set.
It is determined whether or not the timer T5 has elapsed, and when the timer time t5 of the timer T5 has elapsed, the process moves to step 139, where the solenoid SL2 is turned off and the flipper FL is turned off.
At the same time, the bus card transport motor MO is turned off and the bus card transport motor MO is turned off.
Perform processing to stop MO. After that, it enters a standby state.

In the above embodiment, a magnetic card with a magnetic recording medium was used as the bus card, but a similar configuration can be made using a card with another type of recording medium. Further, although an IC card with an IC (integrated circuit) as a recording medium was used as the management card, a similar configuration can be made using a card with another type of recording medium. However, since bus cards are disposable, they must be constructed at low cost, and management cards must have sufficient storage capacity to record at least the information necessary for daily operation management and information necessary for passenger management. There needs to be.

Further, in the above embodiment, the numbered ticket input for inputting the number of the passenger's numbered ticket was performed by the driver controlling the control switch unit 13, but the number of the numbered ticket of the passenger was A device for automatically reading the numbered ticket may be provided, and the number of the numbered ticket may be inputted based on the passenger's operation to insert the numbered ticket without bothering the driver.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, bus fares can be collected with a very simple operation, and furthermore, bus attendants do not touch cash except in a few special cases, so bus fares can be collected using very simple operations. It is possible to achieve significant labor savings for crew members. In particular, for one-man buses, the introduction of this device can significantly reduce the mental burden on the driver, allowing the driver to concentrate all his attention on safe driving, contributing to safe operation. It's large. Furthermore, the management card allows for easy operation management and passenger management of individual buses.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a one-man bus fare collection system to which the card-based bus fare collection device of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example of the magnetic card R/W section shown in FIG. A schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration, and FIGS. 3 to 6 are flowcharts explaining the operation of the magnetic card R/W section shown in FIG. 2. 1...Bus fare collection device, 2...Tally management machine,
10... Magnetic card R/W section, 11... Display section,
12...Speech generation section, 13...Control switch section,
14, 20... IC card R/W section, 15... Card vending machine, 17... Power supply section, 21... Host computer computer system, S1-S6... Optical sensor, H1-H4... Magnetic head, BC ...Bus card, SH...Shatsuta, FL...Flippa, MO
...Bus card transport motor, CB...Bus card transport belt, SL1, SL2...Solenoid.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A determining means for determining the authenticity of an inserted card from genuine note information stored in the card; and when the inserted card is determined to be a genuine note by the determining means. a reading means for reading the amount of money that can be used from this card; an input means for inputting the riding section; and a riding fee corresponding to the riding section input by the input means is deducted from the available amount read by the reading means. , a bus fare collection device equipped with an updating means for updating the usable amount of the card with the remaining amount, and an ejecting means for ejecting the card whose usable amount has been updated by the updating means, at the exit of the bus. 1. A bus fare collection device using a card, wherein the bus fare collection device collects bus fares from passengers. 2. A determination means for determining the authenticity of the inserted card from the genuine note information stored in the card, and if the said determination means determines that the inserted card is a genuine note, the card can be used. an input means for inputting a travel section; a fare corresponding to the travel section input by the input means is deducted from the usable amount read by the reading means, and the remaining amount is used to transfer the fare to the card; updating means for updating the available amount of money updated by the updating means; display means for displaying the amount as a deficit amount if the available amount updated by the updating means is negative; and the available amount updated by the updating means an ejecting means for ejecting the card if the available amount updated by the updating means is negative; an importing means for taking in the card when the usable amount updated by the updating means is negative; and recording a processing history of the card. A bus fare collection device equipped with a recording means is disposed at the exit of the bus, and the bus fare collection device collects bus fares from passengers, and also controls the operation and operation of the bus based on the contents stored in the recording means. A card-based bus fare collection device characterized by passenger management.