JPH0437334B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0437334B2 JPH0437334B2 JP60142884A JP14288485A JPH0437334B2 JP H0437334 B2 JPH0437334 B2 JP H0437334B2 JP 60142884 A JP60142884 A JP 60142884A JP 14288485 A JP14288485 A JP 14288485A JP H0437334 B2 JPH0437334 B2 JP H0437334B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- current
- voltage
- section
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
- F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明はガス、石油等の燃焼装置の火炎の燃焼
状態を検出する装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a device for detecting the combustion state of a flame in a gas, oil, etc. combustion device.
従来の技術
従来、フアンヒータ等の燃焼式暖房器は室内で
燃焼するため、炎の着火、失火および室内の酸素
濃度低下、あるいは不完全燃焼の確実な検出を必
要とする。この種の検知センサとして火炎中を流
れる炎イオン電流を検出するフレームロツドセン
サが広く使用されている。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, since combustion type heaters such as fan heaters burn indoors, it is necessary to reliably detect flame ignition, misfire, decrease in indoor oxygen concentration, or incomplete combustion. Flame rod sensors that detect flame ion current flowing through a flame are widely used as this type of detection sensor.
火炎の燃焼状態と炎電流には一定の相間があり
第３図にその例として空気中の酸素濃度と炎イオ
ン電流If、バーナより発生する一酸化炭素Coの特
性を示す。ここでバーナの制御回路は電流Ifが相
対値0.5以下の時は不着火、あるいは失火と判断
し、また電流Ifが７以上の時には酸素不足等によ
る異常燃焼と判断して強制的に燃焼を停止する。
または電流Ifが常に一定値を保つように燃料ある
いは空気の量を増減制御する。 There is a certain phase relationship between the combustion state of the flame and the flame current, and Figure 3 shows, as an example, the characteristics of the oxygen concentration in the air, the flame ion current If , and the carbon monoxide Co generated from the burner. Here, the burner control circuit determines that there is no ignition or misfire when the current I f is less than the relative value 0.5, and when the current I f is 7 or more, it determines that abnormal combustion is due to lack of oxygen, etc., and forces combustion. stop.
Alternatively, the amount of fuel or air is controlled to increase or decrease so that the current I f always remains at a constant value.
ここで火炎は第４図に示す等価回路で示され、
炎抵抗Rfは数メグオーム〜数十メグオームと非
常に大きな値であり雰囲気の湿度による漏れ抵抗
Rlが炎電流Ifに大きく影響する。このために従来
は第４図に示すようにフレームロツド１に交流電
源２を印加し、炎のダイオードDf特性を利用し
て整流し、その平均電流値Ifaを検出する方法が
用いられていた。第５図にこの特性を示す。第５
図Ａは交流印加電圧Vacを、Ｂは炎電流Ifの波形
を示し、ダイオードDfにより負力向に電圧が印
加された時は漏れ抵抗Rlにより流れる電流Ilしか
流れないが、正方向に印加された時はRlとRfに流
れる電流の合計Ifが流れる。検知回路はこの電流
の平均値Ifaを検出する。この状態で雰囲気の湿
度が低下してRlが小さくなるとIlが増加するがIf
も増加して平均電流Ifaは変化しないが、不完全
燃焼の時にはRfが変化するため第５図Ｃのよう
に平均電流Ifaが増加してIfa′となり異常検知が可
能となる。（実公昭42−14969号公報）
発明が解決しようとする問題点
以上のような従来の構成では第５図からわかる
ように炎電流を検出する値Ifaは実際の炎電流Ifを
平均した値となり非常に小さくなる。また異常燃
焼時のIfaの変化もIfの変化に比べて小さくなるた
め、検知回路は高入力インピーダンスで耐ノイズ
性の高い回路にする必要があり高価で精度の高い
検知回路を必要とするという問題点があつた。 Here, the flame is shown in the equivalent circuit shown in Figure 4,
The flame resistance R f is a very large value ranging from several megohms to several tens of megohms, and the leakage resistance depends on the humidity of the atmosphere.
R l has a large effect on flame current I f . Conventionally, for this purpose, as shown in Fig. 4, a method was used in which an AC power source 2 was applied to the flame rod 1, rectified using the flame diode D f characteristics, and the average current value I fa was detected. . Figure 5 shows this characteristic. Fifth
Figure A shows the AC applied voltage Vac, and B shows the waveform of the flame current I f . When a voltage is applied in the negative force direction by the diode D f , only the current I l flows due to the leakage resistance R l , but in the positive direction. When the current is applied in the direction, the sum of the currents I f flows through R l and R f . The detection circuit detects the average value I fa of this current. In this state, when the humidity of the atmosphere decreases and R l becomes smaller, I l increases, but I f
increases and the average current I fa does not change, but when incomplete combustion occurs, R f changes, so the average current I fa increases to I fa ' as shown in FIG. 5C, making it possible to detect an abnormality. (Utility Model Publication No. 42-14969) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional configuration as described above, as can be seen from Fig. 5, the value I fa for detecting the flame current is the average of the actual flame current I f . The value becomes very small. Also, since the change in I fa during abnormal combustion is smaller than the change in I f , the detection circuit needs to be a circuit with high input impedance and high noise resistance, which requires an expensive and highly accurate detection circuit. There was a problem.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明の燃焼検出装置は上記従来の問題点を解
決するために、火炎に挿入され炎イオン電流によ
り燃焼状態を検出するフレームロツドセンサと、
このフレームロツドセンサに交流商用電源を印加
する電源回路と、フレームロツドセンサに流れる
電流を検出する炎電流検出回路とこの出力により
火炎の燃焼状態を判定する判定部を設け、炎電流
検出回路は、電源回路からフレームロツドセンサ
に印加した電圧に比例した出力を出す基準電圧部
と、フレームロツドセンサに流れた電流に応じた
出力をする電流計測部と、これ等の出力の比を演
算する演算部とからなり、判定部には電源回路の
印加電圧に同期してフレームロツドセンサに正方
向に電圧を印加した時の炎電流値を判定する正電
流判定部と、負方向に電圧印加時の電流値を判定
する負電流判定部を有する構成とした。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above conventional problems, the combustion detection device of the present invention includes a flame rod sensor that is inserted into a flame and detects the combustion state by flame ion current.
A power supply circuit that applies AC commercial power to the flame rod sensor, a flame current detection circuit that detects the current flowing through the flame rod sensor, and a determination section that determines the combustion state of the flame based on the output of the flame rod sensor are provided. The reference voltage section outputs an output proportional to the voltage applied to the frame rod sensor from the power supply circuit, the current measurement section outputs an output according to the current flowing to the frame rod sensor, and the ratio of these outputs. The determination section includes a positive current determination section that determines the flame current value when a voltage is applied in the positive direction to the flame rod sensor in synchronization with the applied voltage of the power supply circuit, and a The configuration includes a negative current determination section that determines the current value when voltage is applied.
作 用
上記構成により、炎電流検出回路は印加電圧と
炎電流の比を演算して判定部に出力して印加電圧
の変動の影響をなくし、判定部では燃焼状態と絶
縁性能を各々別個にそれぞれの電流値で判定する
という作用を有する。Operation With the above configuration, the flame current detection circuit calculates the ratio between the applied voltage and the flame current and outputs it to the judgment section to eliminate the influence of fluctuations in the applied voltage, and the judgment section separately evaluates the combustion state and insulation performance. It has the effect of making a judgment based on the current value.
実施例
以下、本発明の実施例を第１図、第２図を用い
て説明していく。第１図は本発明の実施例を示す
回路のブロツク図である。図で３はフレームロツ
ドセンサでフレームロツド４とバーナ５により電
極を構成し、この電極間に流れる炎電流を炎電流
検知回路６により検出する。７はフレームロツド
センサ３に電圧を印加する電源回路で、商用交流
電源８を絶縁トランス９により絶縁して印加す
る。炎電流検出回路６は電流計測部１０と基準電
圧部１１、演算部１２とから構成される。電流計
測部１０はフレームロツドセンサ３と直列に挿入
された抵抗１３により流れる電流Ifにより生じる
電圧降下を検出し、アナログ／デイジタル交換回
路（以下Ａ／Ｄ回路と呼ぶ）１４により炎電流If
に比例したデイジタル値If′に変換して演算部１２
に出力する。基準電圧部１１は電源回路７の印加
電圧lpを抵抗１５，１６に介在し、Ａ／Ｄ回路１
７により印加電圧lpと比例したデイジタル値lp′に
変換して演算部１２に出力する。第２図にこの状
態の波形を示す。Ａは電圧lp′を、ＢはIf′を各々
Ａ／Ｄ回路１４，１７に入力する前のアナログ値
で示す。１８，１９は演算増幅器で各々の信号を
インピーダンス変換している。演算部１２では入
力の瞬時値If′とlo′を演算し、Io＝If′／lp′（また
は
lo′／If′）を求め、If′とlo′の比の値Ioを判定部２
０に出力する。第２図ＣにIoをアナログ値に直し
た波形を示す。印加電圧loと炎電流Ifは比例関係
にあるためその比は一定となり電圧loを正方向に
印加した時のIo+と負方向に印加した時のＩの
パルス波形となる。判定部２０では電源同期信号
発生回路２１により印加電圧の方向と同期して、
正電流判定部２２と負電流判定部２３が各々の電
流を判定する。正電流判定部２２ではフレームロ
ツドセンサ３に正方向に電圧が印加されたときの
炎電流Ifと比例した出力Io+の値を判定し、異常
燃焼等により炎電流Ifが増加してしきい値I+以上
になつた時に異常燃焼と判定する（第２図Ｃの
TA部）また負電流判定部２３は負方向に電圧が
印加した時に漏れ電流Ilに比例したIp -の値を判定
し、フレームロツドセンサ３の絶縁劣化によりIp
−がしきい値Ｉ−以上になつた時にフレームロツ
ドセンサ３が絶縁劣化したと判定し（第２図TB
部）各々燃焼を停止させたり報知する信号を出力
する。またIp +の値の増減に応じて燃焼用空気や
燃料の量を増減してIo+を一定に制御する空燃比
制御を行なう構成でもよい。Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a flame rod sensor, which comprises an electrode made up of a flame rod 4 and a burner 5, and a flame current detection circuit 6 detects the flame current flowing between the electrodes. Reference numeral 7 denotes a power supply circuit for applying a voltage to the frame rod sensor 3, which is insulated from a commercial AC power supply 8 by an isolation transformer 9 and applied thereto. The flame current detection circuit 6 includes a current measurement section 10, a reference voltage section 11, and a calculation section 12. The current measuring unit 10 detects the voltage drop caused by the current I f flowing through a resistor 13 inserted in series with the flame rod sensor 3, and detects the flame current I through an analog/digital switching circuit (hereinafter referred to as A/D circuit) 14. f
It is converted into a digital value I f ' proportional to
Output to. The reference voltage section 11 connects the applied voltage l p of the power supply circuit 7 to resistors 15 and 16, and connects the A/D circuit 1
7 converts it into a digital value l p ' proportional to the applied voltage l p and outputs it to the arithmetic unit 12 . FIG. 2 shows the waveform in this state. A represents the voltage l p ', and B represents the analog value of I f ' before being input to the A/D circuits 14 and 17, respectively. Operational amplifiers 18 and 19 convert the impedance of each signal. The calculation unit 12 calculates the input instantaneous values If′ and lo′, and calculates Io=I f ′/l p ′ (or
lo′/If′), and the value Io of the ratio of If′ and lo′ is determined by the judgment unit 2.
Output to 0. Figure 2C shows the waveform of Io converted to an analog value. Since the applied voltage lo and the flame current If are in a proportional relationship, their ratio is constant, resulting in a pulse waveform of Io + when the voltage lo is applied in the positive direction and I when it is applied in the negative direction. In the determination unit 20, the power synchronization signal generation circuit 21 synchronizes with the direction of the applied voltage.
A positive current determining section 22 and a negative current determining section 23 determine each current. The positive current determination unit 22 determines the value of the output Io + which is proportional to the flame current If when a voltage is applied to the flame rod sensor 3 in the positive direction, and determines whether the flame current If has increased due to abnormal combustion or the like. Abnormal combustion is determined when the threshold value I + is exceeded (see Figure 2 C).
(T A section) Also, the negative current determination section 23 determines the value of I p - which is proportional to the leakage current I l when a voltage is applied in the negative direction.
- exceeds the threshold value I-, it is determined that the insulation of the flame rod sensor 3 has deteriorated (see Figure 2 T B
Part) Each outputs a signal to stop or notify combustion. Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which air-fuel ratio control is performed in which the amount of combustion air or fuel is increased or decreased in accordance with the increase or decrease in the value of I p + to control Io + to a constant value.
ここでは演算部１２および判定部２０はマイク
ロコンピユータを使用して演算、判定する構成の
例で説明してきたが、これ以外にアナログ値を直
接演算回路、判定回路を通じて検知する回路構成
でもよい。この時にはＡ／Ｄ回路１４，１７は不
要になる。 Here, the calculation section 12 and the determination section 20 have been described using an example of a configuration in which a microcomputer is used to perform calculations and determinations, but a circuit configuration in which analog values are directly detected through a calculation circuit or a determination circuit may also be used. At this time, the A/D circuits 14 and 17 become unnecessary.
発明の効果
(1) 演算部により炎電流Ifとセンサに印加する電
圧loの瞬時値の比を演算し、この結果Ioを判定
部で正方向に電圧印加時の出力Io+により燃焼
状態を、負方向に電圧印加時の出力Io-により
センサの絶縁劣化を判定する構成であるため、
従来の平均電流検出方式に比べて炎電流Ifの絶
対値をそのまま計測可能となり検出電流値が大
きく、耐雑音特性に強い回路である。Effects of the invention (1) The calculation unit calculates the ratio of the instantaneous value of the flame current I f and the voltage lo applied to the sensor, and the determination unit uses the result Io to determine the combustion state using the output Io + when voltage is applied in the positive direction. , the sensor's insulation deterioration is determined based on the output Io - when voltage is applied in the negative direction, so
Compared to the conventional average current detection method, the absolute value of the flame current I f can be directly measured, the detected current value is large, and the circuit has strong noise resistance characteristics.
(2) フレームロツドセンサの絶縁劣化も常に検出
しているため故障時の判定も瞬時に可能となり
安全性が高い。(2) Since the insulation deterioration of the flame rod sensor is constantly detected, it is possible to instantly determine when a failure occurs, resulting in high safety.
(3) 演算部で印加電圧と炎電流の比を演算するた
め印加電圧が変動しても検出値Ioは一定であり
電圧変動の影響を受けない。従つて印加電圧を
定電圧化にする必要がなく、安価な電源回路で
よい。(3) Since the calculation unit calculates the ratio between the applied voltage and the flame current, the detected value Io remains constant even if the applied voltage fluctuates and is not affected by voltage fluctuations. Therefore, there is no need to constant the applied voltage, and an inexpensive power supply circuit is sufficient.
(4) 同様に印加電圧が正弦波交流のように連続波
形であつても検出値Ioは直流の一定値に変換さ
れるため、ピークホールド等の記憶回路が不要
である。(4) Similarly, even if the applied voltage has a continuous waveform such as a sine wave AC, the detected value Io is converted to a constant DC value, so a memory circuit such as a peak hold is not required.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す燃焼検出装置
の回路ブロツク図、第２図は同動作特性を示すタ
イムチヤート、第３図は燃焼状態と炎電流の関係
を示す特性図、第４図は従来の燃焼検出回路を示
す回路図、第５図は同回路特性図を示す。
３……フレームロツドセンサ、６……炎電流検
出回路、７……電源回路、１０……電流計測部、
１１……基準電圧部、１２……演算部、２０……
判定部、２２……正電流判定部、２３……負電流
判定部。
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a combustion detection device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a time chart showing its operating characteristics, Fig. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between combustion state and flame current, and Fig. 4 The figure shows a circuit diagram of a conventional combustion detection circuit, and FIG. 5 shows a characteristic diagram of the circuit. 3...flame rod sensor, 6...flame current detection circuit, 7...power supply circuit, 10...current measurement section,
11... Reference voltage section, 12... Arithmetic section, 20...
Judgment section, 22... Positive current judgment section, 23... Negative current judgment section.
Claims (1)
の燃焼状態を検出するフレームロツドセンサと、
前記フレームロツドセンサの電極間に交流商用電
源を印加する電源回路と、前記フレームロツドに
流れる電流を検出する炎電流検出回路と、前記炎
電流検出回路の出力により火炎の燃焼状態を判定
する判定部を有し、前記炎電流検出回路は、前記
電源回路からフレームロツドセンサに印加する電
圧の瞬時値に比例した出力を出す基準電圧部と、
前記フレームロツドセンサに流れる電流の瞬時値
に応じた出力を出す電流計測部と、これらの出力
の比を演算して出力する演算部とからなり、前記
判定部は、前記電源回路と同期してフレームロツ
ドセンサに正方向に電圧を印加した時の炎電流値
を判定する正電流判定部と、負方向に電圧印加時
の炎電流値を判定する負電流判定部とからなる構
成の燃焼検出装置。1. A flame rod sensor that is inserted into the combustion flame and detects the combustion state of the flame using flame ion current;
A power supply circuit that applies AC commercial power between the electrodes of the flame rod sensor, a flame current detection circuit that detects the current flowing through the flame rod, and a determination section that determines the combustion state of the flame based on the output of the flame current detection circuit. The flame current detection circuit includes a reference voltage section that outputs an output proportional to the instantaneous value of the voltage applied to the flame rod sensor from the power supply circuit;
It consists of a current measurement section that outputs an output according to the instantaneous value of the current flowing through the flame rod sensor, and a calculation section that calculates and outputs a ratio of these outputs, and the determination section is synchronized with the power supply circuit. A combustion system consisting of a positive current determination section that determines the flame current value when a voltage is applied in the positive direction to the flame rod sensor, and a negative current determination section that determines the flame current value when a voltage is applied in the negative direction. Detection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14288485A JPS625014A (en) | 1985-06-28 | 1985-06-28 | Combustion detecting system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14288485A JPS625014A (en) | 1985-06-28 | 1985-06-28 | Combustion detecting system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS625014A JPS625014A (en) | 1987-01-12 |
| JPH0437334B2 true JPH0437334B2 (en) | 1992-06-19 |
Family
ID=15325832
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14288485A Granted JPS625014A (en) | 1985-06-28 | 1985-06-28 | Combustion detecting system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS625014A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5439374A (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-08-08 | Johnson Service Company | Multi-level flame curent sensing circuit |
| DE102007018122B4 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2013-10-17 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Flame monitoring device with a voltage generating and measuring arrangement and method for monitoring a burner by means of the flame monitoring device |
| WO2009110015A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-11 | Bertelli & Partners S.R.L. | Improved method and device to detect the flame in a burner operating on a solid, liquid or gaseous combustible |
| JP2016200281A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-12-01 | リンナイ株式会社 | Combustion safety controller |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS532728A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-01-11 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp | Flame detector |
| JPS54149939A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1979-11-24 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Combustor controller |
-
1985
- 1985-06-28 JP JP14288485A patent/JPS625014A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS532728A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-01-11 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp | Flame detector |
| JPS54149939A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1979-11-24 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Combustor controller |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS625014A (en) | 1987-01-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |