JPH0436539A - Supersonic motor driving door device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent uncomfortable shock sound from being generated without decreasing any opening or closing speed by a method wherein a supersonic motor driving door device is provided with an adjustment means for use in adjusting a contacted condition of a rotor of a supersonic motor for use in driving a door for its opening or closing and a controlling means for use in controlling its adjustment. CONSTITUTION:Since a clutch coil 88 is energized after starting a driving of a motor until a door is fully closed, a weak constant state is found between a rotor 80 and a resilient member 73 and a load is low, so that a rotational speed of the motor is fast and an operating speed of a door is fast. Then, as the door is approximately fully closed, a terminal 93 is moved away from it, so that an energization voltage of the clutch coil 88 is released, a contact pressure between the rotor 80 and the resilient member 73 becomes maximum and the number of revolution is decreased and at the same time a torque is increased. Accordingly, a speed of each of doors 4A and 4B striking against a wall of duct 5 is quite slow and no uncomfortable shock sound is generated. In addition, when fully closed, the door fully receives an air force applied by the motor, so that a load power is increased. However, since the clutch coil 88 is not energized just before fully closing the door, it is possible to increase the torque and close the door.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Industrial Application Field The present invention is applicable to doors that open and close flow channels, such as internal/external air switching doors (hereinafter referred to as intake doors) that switch the intake air ports of vehicle air conditioners. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic motor-driven door unit suitable for use.

B. Prior Art A conventional door unit will be explained using an intake door of a vehicle air conditioner as an example.

This intake door is placed between the indoor side intake port that takes air inside the vehicle into the air conditioner and the outside air intake port that takes air outside the vehicle into the air conditioner, and closes one of the intake ports. and the other intake port opens. The intake door is opened and closed by slowing down the rotation speed of a small DC motor to several hundred centimeters.

However, since this type of conventional air conditioner door unit uses a small DC motor, it has disadvantages in that the noise of the reduction gear is large and the opening/closing speed is slow to compensate for the required holding torque.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has previously proposed a device that uses an ultrasonic motor to drive an air conditioner door unit (
(See Japanese Patent Application No. 1-323629).

It is shown as in FIGS. 5 to 8.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the ultrasonic motor, Fig. 6 is a side view of the air conditioner door unit driven by the ultrasonic motor, Fig. 7 is a rear view of the same, and Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the air conditioner door unit. .

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the ultrasonic motor 2 is connected to the duct 5.
It is attached to the outer wall 6 of the building via a bracket 8. The duct 5 has outside air intake ports 64A and 6 as shown in FIG.
4B and indoor air intake ports 66A, 66B are provided symmetrically to the axis of the flow path 5A in the duct 5, and a pair of doors 4A are similarly arranged symmetrically to the axis and are driven by the ultrasonic motor 2; 4B, the outside air intake ports 64A, 64B and the indoor intake ports 66A, 66B are controlled to open and close in opposite directions.

As shown in FIG. 5, the motor shaft 10 of the ultrasonic motor 2
A pair of arms 12A and 12B are provided at both ends of the motor shaft 10 at right angles to the motor shaft 10, respectively, symmetrically with respect to each other with the motor shaft 10 in between. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, each arm 12A
, 12B have link members 14A and 14B, respectively.
One end of each link member 14A, 14B is connected with a pin, and door links 16A, 16B are connected with a pin at the other end of each link member 14A, 14B.

The door links 16A and 16B are fixed to the door 4, and are located outside the duct outer wall 6 so as to rotate the door 4 inside.

To explain the general structure of the ultrasonic motor 2, a stator 20 fixed on a fixed base 18 is made by adhering and fixing piezoelectric ceramics 24 to the lower surface of an elastic body 22, and is attached to the fixed base via the elastic body 22 with bolts or the like. It is fixed at 18. A rotor 26 is pressed against the stator 20 by a disc spring 28, and a film 34, which is an abrasion resistant material, is adhered to the pressure contact surface. At one end of the motor shaft 10 are nuts 32 and 36.
and the other arm 12B is integrally provided at the other end of the motor shaft 1o. As mentioned above, the two arms 12A and 12B are point symmetrical with the motor shaft 10 in between. placed in position. The disc spring 28 is interposed between the nut 32 and the rotor 26. Note that the motor shaft 10 is mounted on a bearing 3 provided on a fixed base 18.
It is rotatably supported at 0.

As is well known, the piezoelectric ceramics 24 in the ultrasonic motor 2 are divided into two parts in the circumferential direction, and the polarities are alternately polarized within the halves. When alternating current voltages that are out of phase with each other by 90 degrees are applied, a progressive vibration wave is generated in the first elastic body 22, and the ultrasonic motor 2 rotates at a desired speed.

Next, the operation of the link mechanism will be explained with reference to FIG.

Outside air intake ports 64A, 64B and indoor air intake ports 66A
, 66B are opened and closed by a pair of doors 4A and 4B as the motor shaft 10 rotates only in the same direction (clockwise). The movement of each door is the same, and the following explanation will focus on the left door 4A. FIG. 8(a) shows a state in which the outside air intake port 64A is closed and the indoor intake port 66A is open. At this time, the door link 16A is in the most pulled state by the link member 14A.

As shown in FIG. 6B, when the arm 12A rotates 90 degrees, the link member 14A pushes the door link 16A, and the outside air intake port 64A and the indoor intake port 66A are half full. When the arm 12A further rotates 90 degrees as shown in FIG.
6A is completely pushed down, and the door 4A completely closes the indoor air intake port 66A and completely opens the outside air intake port 64A.

C9 Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, although the ultrasonic motor rotating air conditioner door unit according to the prior application is effective against the conventional drawbacks, there is still room for improvement in the following points.

In other words, in the device of the prior application, the door rotated by the motor was driven at a speed determined by the speed/torque characteristics of the motor and the load, so the door's holder would hit the side at a high speed and end closing. . On the other hand, since the uke ends up opening when it hits the side, it was found that there was room for improvement in that it produced an unpleasant "slam" sound when it hit.

On the other hand, if the motor rotation speed is set to a low value, the door will not make any noise, but the opening and closing time will be too long, and the torque will be insufficient and the door will not close completely due to the force of the wind passing through the door. Occur.

To explain with reference to FIG. 8, door 4A in FIG. 8(a)
When the motor rotates 90 degrees clockwise from the closed state of , 4B, it becomes the half-open state shown in Fig. 8 (b), and then 9
When rotated by 0 degrees, it becomes fully open as shown in FIG. 8(c). Further, if the motor is rotated 180 degrees clockwise from this state, the state returns to the state shown in FIG. 8(a).

However, when a conventional ultrasonic motor is used as the drive motor for this actuator, the doors 4A and 4B collide with the wall of the duct 5 at a certain speed and then stop.
Generates a “bang” sound. Therefore, if the speed of the motor is reduced in order to slow down the door opening/closing speed from the beginning in order to prevent noise generation, the maximum torque will also decrease as shown in Figure 9, so the doors 4A and 4B will not be completely closed. It won't close. Moreover, the opening/closing speed also decreases, making it impossible to satisfy the required specification of opening/closing time of 1 second or less.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic motor-driven door unit that prevents unpleasant impact noise from occurring without reducing the opening/closing speed of the door while ensuring the necessary torque.

The present invention includes a door that opens and closes a flow path, and an ultrasonic motor that drives the door to open and close, and the ultrasonic motor generates progressive vibrations by a vibration source that generates ultrasonic vibrations. a ring-shaped vibrator that generates waves; a rotor that is pressed against the vibrator and rotates by progressive vibration waves to rotate a rotating shaft; and an adjusting means that adjusts the state of the rotor in pressure contact with the vibrator; The control means controls the adjustment of the pressure contact state by the adjustment means according to the open/closed position of the door.

When closing the E0 action door from the fully open state, the pressure contact force of the rotor against the vibrator of the ultrasonic motor is initially adjusted to a small value by the adjustment means in response to a command from the control means, so that the rotation speed of the motor is high and the door is closed at high speed. Move to the closed side. Then, just before full opening, the pressure contact force is adjusted to the maximum by the adjustment means based on a command from the control means, and the rotational speed of the motor is reduced.
Torque increases.

Therefore, due to the increased torque, the door can be closed without succumbing to the load force, and since the speed is reduced just before the door is fully opened, it is possible to prevent the generation of unpleasant impact noises such as "bashing".

F. Embodiment An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an air conditioner door will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the ultrasonic motor, and in this figure, 71 and 72 are the casings. Casing 71,7
An elastic body 73 having a plurality of slits formed on its surface is fixed to the elastic body 2 . A ring-shaped electrostrictive element 74 (corresponding to a vibrator) is attached to the back surface of the elastic body 73 with adhesive. The electrostrictive element 74 has three electrodes 75 to 77, as shown in its planar structure in FIG. The pole 7
Reference numerals 5 and 76 denote drive electrodes that are respectively positioned on two groups of electrostrictive elements polarized on the surface of the stator and apply voltages of frequencies having a phase difference of 90° to each group of electrostrictive elements.

The electrode 77 is placed on an electrostrictive element that is electrically insulated from the drive electrodes 75 and 76, and is a monitor electrode for detecting the vibration state of the stator based on the output of the electrostrictive element.

Returning to FIG. 1, 80 is a rotor that is in contact with the elastic body 73. A rotating shaft 81 is integrally fixed to the rotor 80, and the single rotating shaft 81 is rotatably supported by bearings 82 and 83. Further, the rotating shaft 81 is provided with arms 1 for connecting to the door links 16A and 16B shown in FIG.
2A and 12B are connected together. A first disk member 84 is fixed to the rotor 80, and the first disk member 84 is rotatably connected to a second disk member 86 via a bearing 85.
is in contact with The second disc member 86 is urged toward the rotor 80 by a spring 87.
A clutch coil 88 is arranged around the . When the clutch coil 88 is energized, it attracts the second disc member 86 to weaken the pressing force of the rotor 80 against the elastic body 73, and when it is not energized, the second disc member 86 is rotated by the spring 87. The contact force is biased toward the child 80 to allow the pressure contact force to reach its maximum.

A spring type switch mechanism 91 is provided on the surface of the elastic body 73 that faces the rotor 80 (inside the sliding portion with the rotor 80).
, 92 are provided to generate signals depending on the position of the rotor 80. The details of this mechanism are shown in FIG. 3. When the rotor 80 rotates, the switch mechanism 92
contacts each of the terminals 93 to 97 and forms five types of signals accordingly. If it contacts the terminal 93, the clutch coil 8
The terminal 94 outputs a fully closed signal, the terminal 95 outputs a half-open signal, the terminal 96 outputs a signal immediately before fully open, and the terminal 97 outputs a fully open signal.

Next, the operation will be explained.

In this embodiment, a clutch coil 88 is used in the ultrasonic motor for driving the door actuator so that the pressing force of the rotor 80 against the elastic body 73 can be varied by an electric signal. First, the operation including the clutch coil 88 will be explained.

First, when the clutch coil 88 is in a non-energized state, the spring 87 urges the second disc member 86 toward the rotor 8o, and the rotor 80 is pressed against the elastic body 73 with maximum contact pressure. At this time, when a high frequency AC voltage with a phase shift of 90 degrees is applied to the electrostrictive element 74 of the first elastic body 73, progressive vibration waves are generated on the sliding surface of the first elastic body 73 and the electrostrictive element 74, and the rotor 8
0 rotates. Therefore, the rotating shaft 81 and the arms 12A, 12B, which are integrally connected to the rotor 80, rotate. The rotational speed-torque characteristic of the ultrasonic motor 2 at this time is shown by Fl in FIG.

On the other hand, when a predetermined voltage is applied to the clutch coil 88,
The second disk member 86 is attracted to the clutch coil 88 against the biasing force of the spring 87, and the elastic body 7 of the rotor 80
Weaken the contact force to 3. Therefore, clutch coil 8
As shown by characteristic F2 in FIG. 4, the rotational speed of the ultrasonic motor increases, but the maximum torque decreases, compared to when the ultrasonic motor 8 is in a non-energized state.

Next, the operation of driving an air conditioner door using an ultrasonic motor with a clutch coil will be explained.

Assume that the door is moved from the fully open state shown in FIG. 8(c) to the fully open state shown in FIG. 8(a). When the motor is driven in a clockwise direction, a spring type switch mechanism 91.92 within the motor conducts with terminals 93.94. Terminal 94 becomes non-conductive when the door is in the fully closed position, instructing the motor to stop. Further, although the terminal 93 is electrically conductive until a little before the fully closed position, it is not electrically conductive until the fully open position. This commands the excitation period of clutch coil 88. That is, after the motor starts driving, the clutch coil 88 is excited until the fully closed state ↓ is reached, so the contact pressure between the rotor 80 and the elastic body 73 is weak, and the performance curve F1 as shown in FIG. is obtained. Therefore, during this period, the load is light (load 1
), the rotation speed of the motor is fast and the operating speed of the door is fast.

Next, when the state approaches the fully open state, the terminal 93 separates, so the excitation voltage of the clutch coil 88 is released and the fourth rotor 8
The contact pressure between 0 and the elastic body 73 reaches a maximum, and as the number of rotations decreases, the torque increases. Therefore, door 4A,
When 4B hits the wall of duct 5, the speed becomes extremely small.

Eliminates the generation of unpleasant impact sounds such as "bang".

Furthermore, when fully opened, the wind force of the blower motor is received to the maximum, so the load force becomes large (Load 2 in Fig. 4), and a large driving torque is required. In this case, in this embodiment, the clutch coil 88 becomes de-energized just before the door is fully closed, so the torque can be increased and the door can be closed without being succumbed to a large load. In other words, it is possible to secure the necessary torque and prevent unpleasant impact noise from occurring without reducing the opening/closing speed of the door.

In the configuration of the above embodiment, the doors 4A and 4B open and close the flow passages with the clutch coil 88° spring 87.
．． The bearing 85 and the second disk member 86 as a whole have an adjusting means 101 that adjusts the pressure contact state of the rotor 80 against the elastic body 73, and a spring type switch mechanism 91.9.
2 and terminals 93 to 97 are connected to a control means 10 that controls the adjustment of the pressure contact state by the adjustment means 90 according to the opening/closing position of the door.
2 respectively.

Although the above description has been made regarding an air conditioner door unit, the present invention can also be applied to door units that open and close passages for various fluids other than air conditioners.

G0 Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent unpleasant impact noise from occurring without reducing the opening/closing speed of the door while ensuring the necessary torque.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 illustrate one embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an ultrasonic motor-driven air conditioner door unit.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the ultrasonic motor, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the structure of the electrostrictive element, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the spring type switch mechanism, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the ultrasonic motor, 5
9 to 9 explain the ultrasonic motor vertical air conditioner door unit according to the prior application, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the ultrasonic motor, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the air conditioner door unit. FIG. 7 is a rear view of the air conditioner door unit, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the air conditioner door unit, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the ultrasonic motor. 4.4A, 4B: Door 5: Duct 6: Duct outer wall 12A, 12B: Arm 14A, 14B:
Link members 16A, 16B: Door links 64A, 64B: Outside air intake ports 66A, 66B: Indoor intake ports A1.72: Casing 74: Electrostrictive element 80: Rotor 82, 83, 85: Bearing 86: Second Disk member 88: clutch coil 91, 92 spring type switch mechanism 73 two elastic bodies 75-77: electrode 81: rotating shaft 84: first disk member 87: springs 93-97: terminal 102: control means 101: adjustment Means Patent Applicant Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Fuyuki Nagai Figure 3 12A, 12B: Arm 73: Elastic body 74: Electrostrictive element 80: Rotor 81: Rotating shaft 84: First disc 86: Second disk 87: Spring 88: Kuranochi coil 91.92: Spring type Suinochi! 1! Horizontal lot
:II Adjustment means 02: Control means Fig. 2 Fig. 4 1 force No. 4 R Fig. 6 Fig. 9

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A door that opens and closes a flow path, and an ultrasonic motor that drives the door to open and close, the ultrasonic motor including a ring that generates progressive vibration waves using a vibration source that generates ultrasonic vibrations. a rotor that is pressed against the vibrator and rotates by the progressive vibration waves to rotate a rotating shaft; an adjusting means that adjusts the state of the rotor being pressed against the vibrator; An ultrasonic motor-driven door unit comprising: a control means for controlling adjustment of the pressure contact state by the adjustment means according to the opening/closing position.