JPH0436418A - Production of sliding member - Google Patents
Production of sliding memberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0436418A JPH0436418A JP2142979A JP14297990A JPH0436418A JP H0436418 A JPH0436418 A JP H0436418A JP 2142979 A JP2142979 A JP 2142979A JP 14297990 A JP14297990 A JP 14297990A JP H0436418 A JPH0436418 A JP H0436418A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sliding member
- sliding
- mold
- tempering
- cast iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001349 ledeburite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017813 Cu—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は例えば内燃機関の動弁系部品であるカムシャフ
トのような摺動部材の製造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sliding member such as a camshaft, which is a valve train component of an internal combustion engine.
（従来の技術）
従来、例えは車両用エンジンの動弁機構として用いられ
るカムシャフトのような摺動部材は、カム部かタペット
等との間ですべり接触を行なうため、耐摩耗性、靭性等
の特性を要求され、例えば金型によって鋳造された鋳鉄
製のカムシャフト表層部をチル化して形成している。こ
の際、第３図に示すように金型のキャビティ内に充填し
た溶湯の表層を急冷して穀状の凝固層とし、次いで離型
して放冷することにより、急冷した表層部を高硬度のチ
ル組織とする方法が知られている。そしてこのように形
成されたチル層の鉄鋼組織は、パーライト組織とレーテ
ブライト組織の混合組織となっていた。(Prior art) Conventionally, a sliding member such as a camshaft used as a valve mechanism in a vehicle engine has a sliding contact between a cam portion or a tappet, and therefore has poor wear resistance, toughness, etc. For example, camshafts are formed by chilling the surface layer of a cast iron camshaft cast using a mold. At this time, as shown in Fig. 3, the surface layer of the molten metal filled in the mold cavity is rapidly cooled to form a grain-like solidified layer, and then the mold is released and left to cool, so that the rapidly cooled surface layer becomes highly hard. A method of chilling the tissue is known. The steel structure of the chill layer thus formed was a mixed structure of pearlite structure and rateburite structure.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかし車両等のエンジンの現在の動向は、−層の高速回
転化、高出力化を図っており、このためにはカムシャフ
トのような摺動部材の摺動特性を一層向上させる必要が
ある。すなわち特にカム部とタペット等の接触のように
、潤滑油で潤滑されているにも拘わらず、軸受のような
良好な流体潤滑は期待できない摺動部分では、部材自体
の硬さ、自己潤滑性、表面処理等の特性を適正にしてピ
ッチング（軸の小穴傷）、スカッフィング（かじり傷）
、異常摩耗といった不具合を可能な限り抑制する必要が
ある。このため従来の金型鋳造で得られるチル層のパー
ライトとレーテブライトの混合組織を、靭性と耐摩耗性
に優れたレーテブライト組織とソルバイト組織の混合組
織或いはレーテブライト組織と焼戻しマルテンサイト組
織の混合組織として耐ピツチング性、耐スカッフィング
性を向上させることが望ましかった。(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the current trend in engines for vehicles, etc. is to increase the rotation speed of the -layer and increase the output. It is necessary to further improve the characteristics. In other words, especially in sliding parts such as the contact between the cam part and tappet, which are lubricated with lubricating oil but cannot be expected to have good fluid lubrication, such as bearings, the hardness of the member itself and its self-lubricating properties may be affected. , pitching (small hole scratches on the shaft), scuffing (galling scratches) by adjusting the characteristics such as surface treatment appropriately.
It is necessary to suppress problems such as , abnormal wear as much as possible. For this reason, the mixed structure of pearlite and rateebrite in the chill layer obtained by conventional die casting can be replaced with a mixed structure of ratebrite and sorbite structure, which has excellent toughness and wear resistance, or a mixture of ratebrite structure and tempered martensite structure. It was desirable to improve the pitting resistance and scuffing resistance of the structure.
（５１題を解決するための手段）
かかる課題を解決するため、本発明はＪＩＳＦＣ２０〜
ＦＣ３０相当の鋳鉄成分又はＮｉ ０．４〜０．６ｗｔ
％、Ｃｒ ０．５〜１．０ｗｔ％、Ｍｏ ０．５〜１．
０ｗｔ％の組成分を有する合金鋳鉄からなる摺動部材を
金型て鋳造する鋳造工程と、焼入れ処理する焼入れ工程
と、焼戻し処理する焼戻し工程を順次行ない、摺動部の
表層部分を金型鋳造により得られたレーテブライト組織
と、焼入れ焼戻しにより得られた焼戻しマルテンサイト
組織もしくは焼戻しソルバイト組織との混合組織として
、表面硬さをＨＲＣ５５以上にするとともに、前記焼入
れ工程は金型鋳造の離型直後、Ａ１変態点以上９８０℃
以下の温度範囲の摺動部を強制空冷して焼入れ処理する
ようにした。(Means for solving the 51 problems) In order to solve the problems, the present invention complies with JISFC20~
Cast iron component equivalent to FC30 or Ni 0.4-0.6wt
%, Cr 0.5-1.0wt%, Mo 0.5-1.
A casting process in which a sliding member made of alloyed cast iron having a composition of 0 wt% is cast in a mold, a quenching process in which it is quenched, and a tempering process in which it is tempered are sequentially performed, and the surface layer of the sliding part is mold-cast. As a mixed structure of the rateburite structure obtained by quenching and tempering martensitic structure or tempered sorbite structure obtained by quenching and tempering, the surface hardness is set to HRC55 or more, and the quenching step is performed immediately after mold release from mold casting. , A1 transformation point or higher 980℃
Sliding parts within the following temperature ranges are hardened by forced air cooling.
そしてかかる摺動部材とその摺動部として、内燃機関用
動弁機構のカムシャフトとカムを通用した。The camshaft and cam of a valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine were commonly used as such a sliding member and its sliding portion.
（作用）
摺動部をチル化によるレーテブライト組織と、焼入れ焼
戻しによる焼戻しマルテンサイト或いは焼戻しソルバイ
ト組織との混合組織にし特定の表面硬さとすることによ
って間部の靭性、疲労強度を向上させることが出来る。(Function) The toughness and fatigue strength of the sliding part can be improved by making the sliding part a mixed structure of a rateburite structure obtained by chilling and a tempered martensite or tempered sorbite structure obtained by quenching and tempering to a specific surface hardness. I can do it.
又、カムシャフトの場合であれば耐ピツチング性、耐ピ
ツチング性、耐摩耗性も向上して耐久性が増す。この際
焼入れ工程として、金型鋳造の離型直後、Ａ１変態点以
上９８０℃以下の温度範囲にある摺動部をそのまま強制
空冷するようにしたため、−旦常温まで下げて再び昇温
させる工程を省くことが出来、焼入れ加熱用の装置を不
要にするとともに、サイクルタイムの短縮化が図られる
。又焼入れ加熱に伴なう歪、変形、クラック等の不具合
が抑制される。In the case of camshafts, pitting resistance, pitting resistance, and wear resistance are also improved, increasing durability. At this time, as a hardening process, the sliding part, which is in the temperature range of A1 transformation point or higher and 980°C or lower, is forcedly air cooled immediately after the mold is released from the mold casting. This eliminates the need for a quenching heating device and shortens the cycle time. In addition, defects such as distortion, deformation, and cracks caused by quenching heating are suppressed.
（実施例）
本発明の摺動部材の製造方法の実施例について添付した
図面に基づき説明する。(Example) An example of the method for manufacturing a sliding member of the present invention will be described based on the attached drawings.
第１図は本発明の摺動部材の１例であるカムシャフトの
一部断面図、第２図は製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a camshaft which is an example of the sliding member of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method.
周知のように、第１図に示すカムシャフト１にはシャフ
ト軸方向に複数のカム部２・・・が形成され、各カム部
２．２の間及びシャフト端部にはジャーナル部３か一体
的に設けられている。そしてこのカム部２には、エンジ
ンの吸排気バルブの弁揚程を行なわしめるためのカムリ
フタ部が設けられており、カム部にすべり接触するタペ
ット等から加わる接触圧は、特にこのカムリフタ部が高
くなる。As is well known, a camshaft 1 shown in FIG. 1 is formed with a plurality of cam parts 2 in the axial direction of the shaft, and a journal part 3 is integrally formed between each cam part 2.2 and at the end of the shaft. It is set up as follows. This cam portion 2 is provided with a cam lifter portion for raising the valve lift of the intake and exhaust valves of the engine, and the contact pressure applied from a tappet etc. that slides into contact with the cam portion is particularly high at this cam lifter portion. .
かかるカムシャフト１は金型鋳造によって得られ、本実
施例の場合にはＮｉ ０．４〜０．６ｗｔ％、Ｃｒ０．
５〜１．０ｗｔ％、Ｍｏ ０．５〜１．ｈｔ％、残Ｆｅ
の成分からなる合金鋳鉄の溶湯を金型に注入して、表面
を急冷させることによって表層部１ａにチル層を形成す
る。このため鋳造に用いる金型は、例えば０．８〜４．
Ｏｗｔ％のＣｒを含有するＣｕ−Ｃｒ合金のように熱伝
導率の高いものによって構成し、表面部を急冷させるた
め、金型内部の所定部に冷却路を形成する。そしてかか
る金型鋳造によって得られた鋳造品は、離型後放冷され
るが、本発明では、第２図に示すように、離型後摺動部
が９３０℃〜９８０℃の温度範囲にあるうちに、強制空
冷によってそのまま焼入れ処理を行なう。Such a camshaft 1 is obtained by die casting, and in this example contains 0.4 to 0.6 wt% Ni and 0.6 wt% Cr.
5-1.0 wt%, Mo 0.5-1. ht%, remaining Fe
A chilled layer is formed on the surface layer portion 1a by pouring a molten alloy cast iron having the following components into a mold and rapidly cooling the surface. For this reason, the mold used for casting is, for example, 0.8 to 4.
The mold is made of a material with high thermal conductivity such as a Cu-Cr alloy containing 0% Cr, and a cooling path is formed in a predetermined part inside the mold in order to rapidly cool the surface part. The cast product obtained by such die casting is allowed to cool after being released from the mold, but in the present invention, as shown in FIG. At some point, quenching is performed using forced air cooling.
このため急冷後の摺動部のチル層には、レーテブライト
組織とマルテンサイト組織の混合組織が形成され、離型
後−旦常温まで放冷した後焼入れ処理したのと同様の表
層組織が得られる。そしてかかる離型直後の強制空冷に
よる焼入れは、高温離型（ＱＣ）において特に有効であ
る。Therefore, a mixed structure of ratebrite structure and martensitic structure is formed in the chill layer of the sliding part after quenching, and after release from the mold, a surface layer structure similar to that obtained by cooling to room temperature and then quenching is obtained. It will be done. Such quenching by forced air cooling immediately after demolding is particularly effective in high temperature demolding (QC).
焼入れ後の焼戻し工程は、電気炉加熱により行なう。本
実施例では６００℃、ＩＨの焼戻しく第２図実線）と、
１８０℃、ＩＨの焼戻しく第２図破線）の例を示すが
、６００℃で焼戻した時は焼入れによるマルテンサイト
組織が焼戻しソルバイト組織に変化し、１８０℃で焼戻
しだ時は焼入れによるマルテンサイト組織が焼戻しマル
テンサイト（βマルテンサイト）組織に変化する。従っ
て６００℃の焼戻しによるとカム部２のチル層は金型鋳
造により得られたレーテブライト組織と、焼入れ焼戻し
により得られた焼戻しソルバイト組織との混合組織とな
り、一方、 ＩＩＩＱ℃の焼戻しによると、金型鋳造に
より得られたレーテブライト組織と焼入れ焼戻しにより
得られた焼戻しマルテンサイト組織との混合組織となる
こととなる。又いずれの場合もＨＲＣ５５以上の表面硬
さが確保できる。そしてこうして形成した混合組織は、
衝撃等に対する粘り強さに優れ、疲れ破壊を起しにくく
強靭である。The tempering step after quenching is performed by heating in an electric furnace. In this example, 600°C, IH tempering (solid line in Figure 2),
An example of IH tempering at 180°C (broken line in Figure 2) is shown; when tempering at 600°C, the martensite structure due to quenching changes to a tempered sorbite structure, and when tempering at 180°C, the martensite structure due to quenching changes. changes to a tempered martensite (β-martensite) structure. Therefore, when tempered at 600°C, the chill layer of the cam part 2 becomes a mixed structure of the ratebrite structure obtained by die casting and the tempered sorbite structure obtained by quenching and tempering, whereas when tempered at IIIQ°C, This results in a mixed structure of the ratebrite structure obtained by die casting and the tempered martensitic structure obtained by quenching and tempering. In either case, a surface hardness of HRC55 or higher can be ensured. The mixed tissue thus formed is
It has excellent tenacity against impact, etc., and is tough and resistant to fatigue failure.
尚、焼入れ焼戻し処理は摺動部のうち必要な部分のみ、
つまりカム部のカムリフタ部のみに施すようにしてもよ
い。In addition, the quenching and tempering treatment is applied only to the necessary parts of the sliding parts.
In other words, it may be applied only to the cam lifter portion of the cam portion.
（発明の効果）
以上のように本発明の摺動部材の製造方法は、摺動部の
摺動特性を向上させるため、摺動部の表層をレーテブラ
イト組織と焼戻しマルテンサイト組織の混合組織或いは
レーテブライト組織と焼戻しソルバイト組織の混合組織
とし、しかも鋳造品を金型から離型直後、摺動部が９３
０℃〜９８０℃の範囲にあるうちにそのまま強制空冷し
て焼入れ処理するようにしたため、再加熱に要する高周
波加熱装置等の装置が不要となり、しかもサイクルタイ
ムの短縮が可能である。又再加熱に伴なう歪、変形、ク
ラック等の虞れかない。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the method for manufacturing a sliding member of the present invention improves the sliding characteristics of the sliding part by forming the surface layer of the sliding part into a mixed structure of rateburite structure and tempered martensitic structure or It has a mixed structure of ratebrite structure and tempered sorbite structure, and the sliding part is 93 mm immediately after the cast product is released from the mold.
Since the quenching process is performed by forced air cooling while the temperature is in the range of 0°C to 980°C, a device such as a high-frequency heating device required for reheating is not required, and the cycle time can be shortened. Furthermore, there is no risk of distortion, deformation, cracks, etc. due to reheating.
又かかる方法で形成される摺動部材をカムシャフトに適
用することによって、エンジンの高回転、高出力といっ
た要請に沿うことが出来る。Furthermore, by applying a sliding member formed by such a method to a camshaft, it is possible to meet the requirements of high rotation and high output of the engine.
第１図は本発明の摺動部材の１例であるカムシャフトの
一部断面図、第２図は製造方法を示す工程図、第３図は
従来の製造方法の工程図である。
尚同図中、１はカムシャフト、１ａは表層部、２はカム
部を示す。FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a camshaft which is an example of the sliding member of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a manufacturing method, and FIG. 3 is a process diagram of a conventional manufacturing method. In the figure, 1 is a camshaft, 1a is a surface layer portion, and 2 is a cam portion.
Claims (2)
ｉ０．４〜０．６ｗｔ％、Ｃｒ０．５〜１．０ｗｔ％、
Ｍｏ０．５〜１．０ｗｔ％の組成を有する合金鋳鉄から
なる摺動部材を金型で鋳造する鋳造工程と、焼入れ処理
する焼入れ工程と、焼戻し処理する焼戻し工程を順次行
ない、摺動部の表層部分を金型鋳造により得られたレー
テブライト組織と、焼入れ焼戻しにより得られた焼戻し
マルテンサイト組織もしくは焼戻しソルバイト組織との
混合組織として、表面硬さをＨＲＣ５５以上にするとと
もに、前記焼入れ工程は金型鋳造の離型直後、Ａ＿１変
態点以上９８０℃以下の温度範囲の摺動部を強制空冷し
て焼入れ処理することを特徴とする摺動部材の製造方法
。(1) Cast iron component equivalent to JISFC20~FC30 or N
i0.4-0.6wt%, Cr0.5-1.0wt%,
A casting process in which a sliding member made of alloyed cast iron having a composition of Mo0.5 to 1.0wt% is cast in a mold, a quenching process in which it is quenched, and a tempering process in which it is tempered are sequentially performed, and the surface layer of the sliding part is The part has a mixed structure of a rateburite structure obtained by die casting and a tempered martensite structure or a tempered sorbite structure obtained by quenching and tempering, so that the surface hardness is HRC55 or more, and the quenching process is performed by mold casting. A method for producing a sliding member, characterized in that immediately after releasing from the mold, the sliding part is hardened by forced air cooling in a temperature range of A_1 transformation point or higher and 980° C. or lower.
トであり、又前記摺動部はカムであることを特徴とする
請求項第１に記載の摺動部材の製造方法。(2) The method of manufacturing a sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member is a camshaft of a valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine, and the sliding portion is a cam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2142979A JP2886267B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Method for manufacturing camshaft of valve train for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2142979A JP2886267B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Method for manufacturing camshaft of valve train for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0436418A true JPH0436418A (en) | 1992-02-06 |
| JP2886267B2 JP2886267B2 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
Family
ID=15328110
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2142979A Expired - Fee Related JP2886267B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Method for manufacturing camshaft of valve train for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2886267B2 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-05-31 JP JP2142979A patent/JP2886267B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2886267B2 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
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