JPH04358726A - Gas turbine for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify and miniaturize the structure of the whole of a gas turbine loaded on a vehicle. CONSTITUTION:A compressor 1 and a turbine for driving a vehicle are arranged on the same axial line, while a counter flow plate tape heat exchanger 2 for heating combustion air by exhaust gas of the turbine 5 is arranged upward along a vertical surface including an axia line. An angle formed by the discharging direction of the compressor 1 and the air taking in port 23 direction of the heat exchanger 2, and an angle formed by the discharging direction of the turbine 5 and the exhaust gas taking in port 27 of the heat exchanger 2, are set to a right angle respectively. It is thus possible to design the duct of low temperature air and high temperature exhaust gas in the shortest length.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention relates to the improvement of gas turbines mounted on vehicles, but can also be applied to general gas turbines such as marine, stationary, and other gas turbines.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional gas turbine for a vehicle, and FIG. 9 is a detailed perspective view of a heat exchanger shown in FIG.

First, in FIG. 8, combustion air is compressed by a compressor (01), heated by a heat exchanger (02), and then led to a combustor (03), where separately supplied fuel is combusted. let The high-temperature gas generated by combustion is guided to the compressor drive turbine (04) and the vehicle drive turbine (05) to rotate them, and the exhaust gas heats the combustion air in the heat exchanger (02). , itself is cooled and discharged from the system.

As shown in FIG. 9, the heat exchanger (02) comprises overlapping plates (020) to form a passage for low temperature air and high temperature exhaust gas, and performs heat exchange through the plates (020). It is of the form.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional vehicle gas turbine heat exchanger described above, air enters from the air inlet on the side of the plate, bends at a right angle, enters between the plates, and flows along the plate. After being heated, it bends at right angles again and flows out to the air outlet on the side of the plate. Therefore, the smooth flow of air is obstructed, resulting in loss and reduced performance. Furthermore, since the air inlet/outlet passage does not contribute to heat exchange, it is necessary to increase the volume in order to ensure a heat transfer area.

Examples of conventional gas turbines for vehicles include:
In addition, mechanical engineering magazine (Mechan
There is an example introduced in the June 1986 issue of ical Engineering), but this example also has a complicated passage structure for the air inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger, resulting in high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, since the exhaust gas is discharged around the annular structure, an outer cylinder is required to guide the exhaust gas, which has the disadvantage of increasing the size of the structure.

[0007] Since gas turbines take in and discharge large amounts of air, heat exchangers and ducts occupy a large proportion of the overall structure of the gas turbine. Therefore, especially for vehicles, the structure and arrangement of heat exchangers such that the overall size is as small as possible is an important technical issue. In this respect, none of the conventional gas turbines for vehicles has been satisfactory.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides that a compressor and a turbine for driving a vehicle are arranged on the same axis, and that combustion air is generated by the exhaust gas of the turbine. A counterflow plate type heat exchanger for heating is disposed above along a vertical plane including the axis, and the angle between the discharge direction of the compressor and the air intake direction of the heat exchanger and the angle of the turbine The present invention proposes a gas turbine for a vehicle, characterized in that the angles formed between the discharge direction and the exhaust gas intake direction of the heat exchanger are substantially right angles.

[0009]

[Operation] Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the heat exchanger structure and the arrangement of the heat exchanger and ducts are such that combustion air and exhaust gas can flow through the shortest distance, and the overall structure is simple. Can be designed to be small.

0010

[Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a heat exchanger portion cut on a plane different from that in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger section.

First, in FIG. 1, combustion air sucked in from the air inlet (6) is compressed by the compressor (1), passes through the low temperature air duct (7), and is converted into high temperature exhaust gas by the heat exchanger (2). After being preheated, the gas is led to the combustor (3), where the separately supplied fuel is combusted to generate even higher temperature gas, which drives the turbines (4) and (5). Turbine (
4) drives a compressor (1), and a turbine (5) drives a vehicle etc. via an output shaft (10). After driving the turbine, the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the high-temperature gas duct (8) and preheats the low-temperature air in the heat exchanger (2) to become low-temperature gas, and then is released into the atmosphere from the gas outlet (9). . By preheating the low-temperature air in the heat exchanger (2) before being led to the combustor (3), there is an effect that fuel consumption can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the compressor (1)
The turbines (4) and (5) are arranged on the same axis. Further, the heat exchanger (2) is arranged upward along a vertical plane including the above-mentioned axis. And this heat exchanger (2
), as shown in Figures 2 and 3, is a plate type, in which multiple plates (20) (partition walls) are overlapped at intervals, creating a multilayer flow path for low-temperature air and high-temperature exhaust gas. in an alternating arrangement, with heat exchange through the plates (20), and in counter-current form, i.e.
The low-temperature air and high-temperature exhaust gas flow in opposite directions.

The cross section of the heat exchanger (2) shown in FIG. 1 shows the cross section of the low temperature air passage section (24). (23
) is a cold air inlet section, which is connected to the cold air duct (7). (21) and (22) are side walls of the heat exchanger, and (25) and (26) are blind plates forming a low temperature air flow path.

FIG. 2 shows the high temperature gas flow path section (2) of the heat exchanger (2).
28) is shown. (27) is a high temperature gas inlet section, which is connected to the high temperature gas duct (8). (29)
, (30) are blind plates forming a high temperature gas flow path.

The low-temperature air and the high-temperature exhaust gas are separated by a partition wall (plate) (20) and are not mixed with each other, but instead undergo heat exchange through heat transfer through the partition wall (20).

In this embodiment, the angle formed between the discharge direction of the compressor (1) and the air intake direction of the heat exchanger (2), and the angle formed between the discharge direction of the turbine (5) and the exhaust gas of the heat exchanger (2) are The angles formed with the intake direction are almost right angles. That is, as shown in Figure 1, the compressor (
The outlet of 1) is connected almost vertically upward to a low temperature air duct (7), and the low temperature air duct (7) is bent horizontally at almost a right angle to connect to the low temperature air inlet section (23) of the heat exchanger (2).
connected to. Although the discharge direction of the turbine (5) is substantially horizontal, it is bent upward at a substantially right angle by the hot gas duct (8) and connected to the hot gas inlet (27) of the heat exchanger (2).

[0017] In order to improve the heat transfer of the plate (partition wall) (20), it is also possible to install heat transfer fins. 4 and 5 show an embodiment in which a needle fin (31) is bonded to a plate (20), and FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show an embodiment in which a plate fin (32) is bonded to the plate (20).

[0018]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the ducts for low-temperature air and high-temperature exhaust gas can be designed to have the shortest distance.
The overall structure of the gas turbine becomes simple and compact, making it more practical as a gas turbine for vehicles equipped with a heat exchanger.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall longitudinal sectional side view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the heat exchanger section taken along a different plane from FIG. 1 in the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the heat exchanger section of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view taken along the VII-VII arrow in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional gas turbine for a vehicle.

FIG. 9 is a detailed perspective view of the heat exchanger in FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

(01), (1) Compressor (02),
(2) Heat exchanger (03), (3)
Combustor (04), (4) Turbine (for compressor drive) (05), (5) Turbine (for vehicle drive)
(6) Air inlet section (
7) Low temperature air duct (8) High temperature gas duct (9) Gas outlet (10) Output shaft (020
), (20) Plate (partition) (21), (22)
Heat exchanger side wall (23)
Low temperature air inlet (24)
Low temperature air flow path section (25), (26) Blind plate (27) High temperature gas inlet section (28) High temperature gas flow path section (29), (30) Blind plate

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A compressor and a turbine for driving a vehicle are arranged on the same axis, and a counterflow plate type heat exchanger that heats combustion air with the exhaust gas of the turbine is arranged on a vertical plane including the axis. , and the angle between the discharge direction of the compressor and the air intake direction of the heat exchanger and the angle between the discharge direction of the turbine and the exhaust gas intake direction of the heat exchanger are A gas turbine for a vehicle that is characterized by having a substantially right angle.