JPH0434872A - Air cell - Google Patents
Air cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0434872A JPH0434872A JP2139977A JP13997790A JPH0434872A JP H0434872 A JPH0434872 A JP H0434872A JP 2139977 A JP2139977 A JP 2139977A JP 13997790 A JP13997790 A JP 13997790A JP H0434872 A JPH0434872 A JP H0434872A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- air
- activated carbon
- specific surface
- electrode
- surface area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/128—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は空気電池の空気極に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an air electrode for an air battery.
（従来の技術）
補聴器用電源としては、従来、主に水銀電池が用いられ
てきた。しかし水銀電池は有害物質である水銀を多量に
含むため、これに替わる電池として空気中の酸素を正極
活性物質とする空気電池が開発された。空気電池は水銀
電池よりも高容量であり、最近は空気電池への切替えが
進んできている。(Prior Art) Conventionally, mercury batteries have been mainly used as power sources for hearing aids. However, since mercury batteries contain large amounts of mercury, which is a harmful substance, an air battery was developed as an alternative battery that uses oxygen in the air as the positive electrode active material. Air batteries have a higher capacity than mercury batteries, and recently there has been a shift towards air batteries.
従来の空気電池は、ＢＥＴ法による比表面積が１０００
ｍ”／ｇ程度の粉末状活性炭または粒状活性炭にポリテ
トラフルオロエチレン粉等の撥水性バインダーを配合し
、その混合体をニッケルネット等の導電体に薄板状に加
圧成形した空気極を用いていた。Conventional air batteries have a specific surface area of 1000 by the BET method.
A water-repellent binder such as polytetrafluoroethylene powder is blended with powdered activated carbon or granular activated carbon of approximately m"/g, and an air electrode is used in which the mixture is pressure-formed into a thin plate shape on a conductor such as nickel net. Ta.
しかし、従来の比表面積１０００ｍ２７ｇ程度の活性炭
だけでは酸素還元能力が不足しており、それを補うため
種々の酸素還元触媒が検討されている。例えば、銀、白
金等の貴金属、金属酸化物、金属キレート化合物などで
ある。However, conventional activated carbon with a specific surface area of about 1000 m27 g lacks oxygen reduction ability, and various oxygen reduction catalysts are being studied to compensate for this. Examples include noble metals such as silver and platinum, metal oxides, and metal chelate compounds.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
前述の酸素還元触媒のうち、銀、白金等の貴金属は触媒
効果は大きいが、高価であり、電池を安価に提供できな
いという欠点があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Among the oxygen reduction catalysts described above, noble metals such as silver and platinum have a large catalytic effect, but are expensive and have the disadvantage that batteries cannot be provided at low cost.
一方安価な触媒として、電解二酸化マンガンあるいは金
属フタロシアニン等があるが、これらは比表面積１００
０ｍ”／ｇ程度の活性炭と混合する限りにおいては、充
分な作動電圧が得られなかった。On the other hand, there are inexpensive catalysts such as electrolytic manganese dioxide and metal phthalocyanine, but these have a specific surface area of 100
As long as it was mixed with activated carbon of about 0 m''/g, a sufficient operating voltage could not be obtained.
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するためになされたも
ので、作動電圧の優れた空気電池を提供しようとするも
のである。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide an air battery with excellent operating voltage.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明は、底部に空気取り入れ孔を有し、正極端子を兼
ねる正極缶に、空気拡散紙、空気極、セパレーク、ゲル
亜鉛等を収納し、パッキングを介して負極端子を兼ねる
負極缶で封口してなる空気電池において、該空気極の触
媒層に、ＢＥＴ法による比表面積２０００ｍ”７８以上
の活性炭を含有することを特徴とする空気電池である。(Means for Solving the Problem) The present invention stores air diffusion paper, air electrode, separator, gel zinc, etc. in a positive electrode can that has an air intake hole at the bottom and also serves as a positive electrode terminal, and This air battery is formed by sealing a negative electrode can that also serves as a negative electrode terminal, and is characterized in that the catalyst layer of the air electrode contains activated carbon having a specific surface area of 2000 m''78 or more by the BET method.
本発明に用いられる活性炭は、特にその製法によって限
定されるものではなく、その比表面積が２０００が７８
以上であればよい。The activated carbon used in the present invention is not particularly limited by its manufacturing method, and has a specific surface area of 2,000 to 78
Any above is sufficient.
本発明に適する活性炭としては、例えば大阪ガス■製ス
ーパー活性炭（商品名）がある。これはＢＥＴ法による
比表面積が２０００〜４０００ｍ”７ｇと、従来品に比
較して非常に大きいものである。Activated carbon suitable for the present invention includes, for example, Super Activated Carbon (trade name) manufactured by Osaka Gas. This product has a specific surface area of 2,000 to 4,000 m''7g by the BET method, which is extremely large compared to conventional products.
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば、触媒層にＢＥＴ法による比表面積２０
００ｍ”７８以上の活性炭を含有することによって、従
来の活性炭よりも比表面積が大きいために酸素還元能力
が高く、作動電圧の優れた空気電池を提供できる。(Effect of the invention) According to the invention, the catalyst layer has a specific surface area of 20
By containing activated carbon with a particle size of 00m''78 or more, it is possible to provide an air cell with a higher specific surface area than conventional activated carbon, which has a high oxygen reduction ability and an excellent operating voltage.
また本発明の活性炭を酸素還元触媒のマンガン酸化物ま
たは金属フタロシアニンと混合した場合、従来の活性炭
と混合した場合よりも作動電圧の優れた空気電池を提供
できる。Further, when the activated carbon of the present invention is mixed with manganese oxide or metal phthalocyanine as an oxygen reduction catalyst, an air cell with a higher operating voltage can be provided than when mixed with conventional activated carbon.
本発明の活性炭は、石炭系・石油系の重質油・タール・
ピッチ類を原料とするため安価であり、銀や白金といっ
た貴金属を酸素還元触媒に使用した時のようにコストを
上げることがない。The activated carbon of the present invention can be used for coal-based, petroleum-based heavy oil, tar,
Since it uses pitches as raw materials, it is inexpensive and does not increase costs unlike when precious metals such as silver or platinum are used as oxygen reduction catalysts.
（実施例）
以下、本発明の実施例を、第１図及び第２図を参照して
詳細に説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
ｌは正極端子を兼ねる正極缶で、底部に空気取り入れ孔
２を設けている。３は空気拡散紙でセルロース、ポリプ
ロピレン等の不織布が多く用いられている。４は多孔質
のフッ素樹脂などからなる撥水性膜で、空気透過性の良
い多孔質シートが用いられている。５は空気極で、活性
炭、電解二酸化マンガンを４００℃で８時間空気中で加
熱したもの、及びポリテトラフルオロエチレンの３成分
を重量比にて４０ ： ３５ ： ２５の割合で混練し
、第２図のようにシート状に圧延した触媒層５１に、線
径０．１ｍｍ、４０メツシユのニッケル網５２を加圧圧
着したのち、円板状に打抜いて製造する。６は空気極５
とゲル亜鉛とを分離するセパレータで、耐アルカリ性の
不織布よりなるバリヤを用いている。空気極５はパッキ
ング９で周辺部を圧接固定している。７はゲル亜鉛で、
亜鉛粉末とゲル化剤と水酸化カリウムのアルカリ水溶液
の電解液とを混線してなっている。８は負極端子を兼ね
る負極缶で、パッキング９を介して正極缶ｌの開口部を
折曲することによって電池を封口している。このボタン
形空気電池は外径１１．６ｍｍ、高さ５．４闘の寸法を
有するものである。1 is a positive electrode can that also serves as a positive electrode terminal, and has an air intake hole 2 at the bottom. 3 is air diffusion paper, and nonwoven fabrics such as cellulose and polypropylene are often used. 4 is a water-repellent membrane made of porous fluororesin or the like, and a porous sheet with good air permeability is used. 5 is an air electrode, and the three components of activated carbon, electrolytic manganese dioxide heated in air at 400°C for 8 hours, and polytetrafluoroethylene are kneaded in a weight ratio of 40:35:25. As shown in the figure, a 40-mesh nickel mesh 52 with a wire diameter of 0.1 mm is bonded under pressure to a catalyst layer 51 rolled into a sheet shape, and then punched out into a disk shape. 6 is air electrode 5
This is a separator that separates zinc gel from gel zinc, and uses a barrier made of alkali-resistant nonwoven fabric. The air electrode 5 is fixed at its periphery by pressure contact with a packing 9. 7 is gel zinc,
It is made by mixing zinc powder, a gelling agent, and an electrolyte of an alkaline aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. Reference numeral 8 denotes a negative electrode can which also serves as a negative electrode terminal, and the battery is sealed by bending the opening of the positive electrode can 1 through a packing 9. This button-type air cell has an outer diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 5.4 mm.
実施例１〜３
触媒層５１に、第１表に示すように、ＢＥＴ法による比
表面積２０００ｍ２／ｇ以上を有する活性炭を配合した
。この触媒層５１を使用して、この実施例１〜３の放電
試験用の空気電池を製作した。Examples 1 to 3 As shown in Table 1, activated carbon having a specific surface area of 2000 m2/g or more by the BET method was blended into the catalyst layer 51. Using this catalyst layer 51, air cells for discharge tests of Examples 1 to 3 were manufactured.
比較例１
この実施例の空気電池の作動電圧と比較するため、活性
炭のＢＥＴ法による比表面積１５００ｍ”７ｇとしたも
のを用いた以外実施例１〜３と同様の方法によって空気
電池を製作した。Comparative Example 1 In order to compare the operating voltage of the air battery of this example, an air battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, except that activated carbon having a specific surface area of 1500 m''7g by the BET method was used.
比較例２
ＥＥＴ法による比表面積１０００ｍ”７ｇを有する従来
の活性炭を用いて、実施例１〜３と同様な方法により、
従来の空気電池を製作した。Comparative Example 2 Using conventional activated carbon having a specific surface area of 1000 m''7g by EET method, by the same method as Examples 1 to 3,
A conventional air battery was manufactured.
このようにして得られた実施例１〜３、比較例１及び２
を各々２０個用意し、これら電池に２５０Ωの負荷をか
けて放電した時の作動電圧な測定した。その結果を平均
値として第１表に示す。Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 thus obtained
We prepared 20 of each type of battery, and measured the operating voltage when the batteries were discharged under a load of 250Ω. The results are shown in Table 1 as average values.
第１表
第１表から明らかなように、触媒層にＢＥＴ法による比
表面積２０００ｍ”７ｇ以上の活性炭を含有する本実施
例の空気電池は、比較例１及び比較例２の空気電池に比
べて、作動電圧が著しく向上することがわかる。Table 1 As is clear from Table 1, the air battery of this example containing activated carbon with a specific surface area of 2000 m'' or more by the BET method in the catalyst layer, compared to the air batteries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, , it can be seen that the operating voltage is significantly improved.
なお実施例１〜３では酸素還元触媒として二酸化マンガ
ンを用いたが、他のマンガン酸化物及びコバルトフタロ
シアニン等の金属フタロシアニンを用いた場合も、実施
例１〜３と同様に良好な結果を示した。In Examples 1 to 3, manganese dioxide was used as the oxygen reduction catalyst, but good results were obtained similarly to Examples 1 to 3 when other manganese oxides and metal phthalocyanines such as cobalt phthalocyanine were used. .
第１図は本発明の実施例であるボタン形空気電池の断面
図、第２図は同電池の空気極の断面図である。
１・・・・正極缶 ６・・・・セパレータ２・
・・・空気取り入れ孔 ７・・・・ゲル亜鉛３・・・・
空気拡散紙 ８・・・・負極子４・・・・撥水性膜
９・・・・パッキング４ ・・ 〃
５・・・・空気極
５１・・・・触媒層
５２・・・・ニッケル網FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a button-type air battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the air electrode of the same battery. 1...Positive electrode can 6...Separator 2.
... Air intake hole 7 ... Gel zinc 3 ...
Air diffusion paper 8... Anode element 4... Water repellent membrane 9... Packing 4... 〃 5... Air electrode 51... Catalyst layer 52... Nickel net
Claims (1)
に、空気拡散紙、空気極、セパレータ、ゲル亜鉛等を収
納し、パッキングを介して負極端子を兼ねる負極缶で封
口してなる空気電池において、該空気極の触媒層にＢＥ
Ｔ法による比表面積２０００ｍ＾２／ｇ以上の活性炭を
含有することを特徴とする空気電池。An air battery made by storing air diffusion paper, air electrode, separator, gel zinc, etc. in a positive electrode can that has an air intake hole at the bottom and also serves as a positive terminal, and then seals it with a negative electrode can that also serves as a negative electrode terminal via packing. In this step, BE is added to the catalyst layer of the air electrode.
An air battery characterized by containing activated carbon having a specific surface area of 2000 m^2/g or more by the T method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2139977A JP2846062B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Air battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2139977A JP2846062B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Air battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0434872A true JPH0434872A (en) | 1992-02-05 |
| JP2846062B2 JP2846062B2 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
Family
ID=15258076
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2139977A Expired - Lifetime JP2846062B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Air battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2846062B2 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-05-31 JP JP2139977A patent/JP2846062B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2846062B2 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
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