JPH0432725A - Sound wave incidence information measuring instrument - Google Patents
Sound wave incidence information measuring instrumentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0432725A JPH0432725A JP13852090A JP13852090A JPH0432725A JP H0432725 A JPH0432725 A JP H0432725A JP 13852090 A JP13852090 A JP 13852090A JP 13852090 A JP13852090 A JP 13852090A JP H0432725 A JPH0432725 A JP H0432725A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sound wave
- microphones
- level
- level ratio
- intensity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、入射する音波の方向・強さを判定するための
音波入射情報計測装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a sound wave incident information measuring device for determining the direction and intensity of an incident sound wave.
（発明の概要）
本発明は、指向性を有する複数のマイクロホンの出力信
号のレベルおよびレベル比を検知し、このレベル比に基
ついて、短時間で、かつ高精度で、後処理時間が不要で
、入射音波の方向・強さを効果的に判定できるようにし
たものである。(Summary of the Invention) The present invention detects the level and level ratio of the output signals of a plurality of directional microphones, and detects the level and level ratio of the output signals of a plurality of directional microphones, and detects the level ratio based on the level ratio in a short time, with high precision, and without the need for post-processing time. , it is possible to effectively determine the direction and intensity of incident sound waves.
（従来の技術）
従来、この種の測定技術としては、次のようなものがあ
った。(Prior Art) Conventionally, there have been the following measurement technologies of this type.
■パラボラ状の反射板とマイクロホンとを組合せて、狭
指向性を得ることにより、入射音波の方向・強さを判定
する方法。■A method of determining the direction and strength of incident sound waves by combining a parabolic reflector and a microphone to obtain narrow directivity.
■同−甲面上にない４点に配置された全指向性マイクロ
ホンの出力信号より、同一音波を相関法等の技法を用い
て？＋１定し、マイクロホン間の距離と音波の時間差と
により、入射音波の方向・強さを判定する方法（例えば
、日本音響学全編「音響下学講座■建築音響」、（昭和
６３． ３．１５）ｐ、 １３０１
■近接した２本の全指向性マイクロホンの出力信号に演
算を施し、粒子速度と音圧とを求め、音の強さをベクト
ル量として求める方法（例えば、■本音響学会編「音響
工学講座■建築音響」（昭和６３．３．１５）Ｌｌ、４
３１
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
ところが、これらの従来方法には、次のような問題点が
あった。■Same sound wave using techniques such as the correlation method from the output signals of omnidirectional microphones placed at four points not on the shell? +1, and determine the direction and strength of the incident sound wave based on the distance between the microphones and the time difference between the sound waves (for example, the complete volume of Japan Acoustics, "Undergraduate Course in Acoustics ■ Architectural Acoustics", (March 15, 1982) ) p, 1301 ■ A method of calculating the output signals of two closely spaced omnidirectional microphones to determine the particle velocity and sound pressure, and determining the sound intensity as a vector quantity (for example, Acoustic Engineering Course ■Architectural Acoustics” (1986.3.15) Ll, 4
31 (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, these conventional methods have the following problems.
（Ａ）事例■に示す方法は、パラボラ状の反射板の幾何
学的構造を小形化することが困難であった。(A) In the method shown in Case (2), it was difficult to downsize the geometric structure of the parabolic reflector.
すなわち、パラボラ等の反射板を用いて狭指向性を得て
、音波の方向・強さを判定する場合に、指向性の鋭さは
音波の波長に依存した反射板の大きさによるものである
。従って、鋭い指向性を得る場合には、反射板の大きさ
を大きくしなければないから、この方法は経費がかかり
、実際的ではない。That is, when determining the direction and intensity of a sound wave by obtaining narrow directivity using a reflecting plate such as a parabola, the sharpness of the directivity depends on the size of the reflecting plate, which depends on the wavelength of the sound wave. Therefore, in order to obtain sharp directivity, the size of the reflector must be increased, making this method expensive and impractical.
（＋３）事例■に示ず音波到来の時間差を用いる方法は
、相関法等の技法を用いて時間差を求めるために、直ち
に音波の方向・強さを求めることは困難で、後処理に時
間が掛り過ぎる。(+3) The method that uses the time difference between the arrival of sound waves, which is not shown in example It hangs too much.
（Ｃ）事例■に示す方法は、ベクトル量として音の強さ
を求める際に、時間軸において］Ｏ数ミリ秒から数十ミ
リ秒以上の積分・甲均化が必要になる。上記時間は聴感
上充分識別可能な時間であり、事例■に示ず方法は、上
記時間間隔以下で発作する時系列となった音波（たとえ
ばポール等の反射音）の方向・強さを判定することは精
Ａ的に困難である。(C) The method shown in case (2) requires integration and equalization over several milliseconds to several tens of milliseconds or more on the time axis when determining the sound intensity as a vector quantity. The above time is a time that is sufficiently distinguishable from the auditory sense, and the method not shown in Example ① is to determine the direction and intensity of the sound waves (for example, the sound reflected from a pole, etc.) that occur in a time series at or below the above time interval. This is extremely difficult.
本発明は、上述の点に鑑み、従来技術の問題点を有効に
解決し、幾何学的構造が縮小され、短時間で、かつ高精
度で時系列となった入射音波の方向・強さをｆｌ＋定し
得る音波入射情報Ｊ１測装置を提供することを目的とす
る。In view of the above points, the present invention effectively solves the problems of the prior art, reduces the geometric structure, and calculates the direction and intensity of an incident sound wave in a time series with high precision in a short time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sound wave incident information J1 measuring device that can determine fl+.
（課題を解決するための手段）
このような目的を達成するために、本発明は、適宜な角
度で配置され指向性を有する複数のマイクロホンと、同
一時刻で出力された前記マイクロホンの信号レベルおよ
び信号レベル比を検知するレベル・レベル比検知装置と
を備え、前記マイクロホンの信号のレベル比を基準とし
て、入射する音波の方向および強さを判定することを特
徴とする。(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a plurality of microphones arranged at appropriate angles and having directivity, and a signal level of the microphones output at the same time. A level-level ratio detection device for detecting a signal level ratio is provided, and the direction and intensity of the incident sound wave are determined based on the level ratio of the signal from the microphone.
（作用）
このような技術手段により、本発明は、指向性を有する
複数のマイクロホンをそれぞれ適宜な角度で配置し、同
一時刻で出力された前記マイクロホンの信号レベルおよ
び信号レベル比をレベル・レベル比検知装置にて検知し
、前記マイクロホンの信号のレベル比を基準として、入
射する音波の方向および強さを判定することによって、
幾何学的構造か縮小され、短時間で、かつ高精度で、時
系列となった音波の方向・強さを判定し得る。(Function) With such technical means, the present invention arranges a plurality of directional microphones at appropriate angles, and converts the signal levels and signal level ratios of the microphones output at the same time into a level-level ratio. By detecting it with a detection device and determining the direction and intensity of the incident sound wave based on the level ratio of the signal of the microphone,
The geometric structure is reduced, and the direction and intensity of sound waves can be determined in a short time and with high precision in a time series.
（実施例）
次に、本考案の実施例を図面に基づき、詳細に説明する
。(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一実施例である音波入射情報計Ａ１１
ｌ装置の概略構成図を示す。図において音ル人射情報ｇ
ｌ側装置コは、本実施例では２本である複数のマイクロ
ホン２．３と、このマイクロホン］２の出力レベルおよ
びレベル化を検知するレベル・レベル比検知装置４とか
ら構成される。Figure 1 shows a sound wave incidence information meter A11 which is an embodiment of the present invention.
1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the device. In the figure, sound le human shooting information g
The l-side device is comprised of a plurality of microphones 2.3, two in this embodiment, and a level/level ratio detection device 4 for detecting the output level and leveling of the microphones 2.
指向性を有する２本のマイクロホン２，３は、適切な角
度を持って配置される。各マイクロホンの指向性の主軸
方向Ｘ−ＸおよびＹ−Ｙの間に音波Ａが到来した場合に
、マイクロホン２，３の出力信号のレベル比は、音波の
到来方向Ａに依存する。従って、マイクロホン２．３間
の出力信号のレベル比と、あらかしめ作成された入射角
度とレベル化との換算表とに基づいて、その方向を判別
することかできる。The two directional microphones 2 and 3 are arranged at appropriate angles. When a sound wave A arrives between the principal axis directions XX and YY of the directivity of each microphone, the level ratio of the output signals of the microphones 2 and 3 depends on the arrival direction A of the sound wave. Therefore, the direction can be determined based on the level ratio of the output signals between the microphones 2 and 3 and the previously prepared conversion table between the incident angle and the level.
また、６波の強さは、マイクロホン２．３の出力信号の
レベルと、あらかしめ作成された入９・Ｉ １６度と感
度との換算表とに基づいて、求めることができる。Further, the strength of the six waves can be determined based on the level of the output signal of the microphone 2.3 and a previously prepared conversion table of input 9/I 16 degrees and sensitivity.
従って、パラボラ等の反射板を使用した従来の方法に比
較して、本実施例によれば、波長に依存する反射板が不
要となり、幾何″γ的大きさか縮小される。Therefore, compared to the conventional method using a reflecting plate such as a parabola, this embodiment eliminates the need for a wavelength-dependent reflecting plate, and the geometric size is reduced in terms of ``γ''.
また、音波の到来時間差を求めることによ−）て、音波
の方向・強さを判定する従来の方法に比較して、本実施
例によれば、その構成が簡ｒ１ｔで、かつ同等程度の精
度が保持される。Furthermore, compared to the conventional method of determining the direction and strength of a sound wave by determining the arrival time difference of the sound waves, the present embodiment has a simpler configuration and an equivalent level of Accuracy is preserved.
なお、従来の方法では、到来時刻の異なる同一音波を複
数のマイクロボン間について、数多くの音波の中から抽
出選択し、その時間差より方向・強さを＋１１定し、後
処理に１０数分ないし数１（］分以上の時間を要したの
と比較して、本実施例によれば、同一の音波を抽出選択
することなく、同一時間に到来した音波のレベル比に基
づいて、音波の方向・強さを判定することにより、従来
の後処理の時間が不要となり、効率的に判定することが
できる。In addition, in the conventional method, the same sound waves with different arrival times are extracted and selected from a large number of sound waves between multiple microbons, the direction and intensity are determined by +11 based on the time difference, and the post-processing takes about 10 minutes or more. Compared to the case where it took several minutes or more, according to this embodiment, the direction of the sound waves is determined based on the level ratio of the sound waves arriving at the same time without extracting and selecting the same sound waves. - By determining the strength, the conventional post-processing time is no longer necessary, and the determination can be made efficiently.
さらに、本発明は、上記実施例に限定されるものではな
く、適宜の設計的変更を行うことにより、他の態様、例
えば入射角度とレベル比との換算表および入射角度と感
度との換算表を、コンビ、１１−夕のメモリに記憶し、
入力データに基づいて演算処理することもてきる。また
、３本以上のマイクロホンにおいても、同様な手段によ
って音波の方向・強さを立体的に１１１定することかで
きる。Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and by making appropriate design changes, it is possible to incorporate other aspects, such as a conversion table between the incident angle and the level ratio, and a conversion table between the incident angle and the sensitivity. is stored in the memory of the combination, 11-Yuu,
It is also possible to perform calculations based on input data. Furthermore, even in the case of three or more microphones, the direction and intensity of the sound waves can be determined three-dimensionally by the same means.
（発明の効果）
以」二に説明したように、本発明は、指向性を有する複
数のマイクロホンを適宜な角度で配置し、同一時刻で出
力された前記マイクロホンの信号レベルおよび信号レベ
ル比を検知するレベル・レベル比検知装置を設け、前記
マイクロホンの信号のレベル比を基準として音波の方向
および強さを判定することによって、従来技術の問題点
が有効に解決され、幾何学的構造が縮小され、短時間で
、かつ高精度で時系列となった音波の方向・強さを判定
し得る等の効果を奏する。(Effects of the Invention) As explained in Section 2 below, the present invention arranges a plurality of directional microphones at appropriate angles, and detects the signal levels and signal level ratios of the microphones output at the same time. The problems of the prior art are effectively solved and the geometrical structure is reduced by providing a level-to-level ratio detection device for determining the direction and intensity of the sound wave based on the level ratio of the microphone signal. , it is possible to determine the direction and intensity of sound waves in a time series with high precision and in a short time.
第１図は本発明の一実施例である音波入射情報計１ｌｐ
Ｉ装置の概略構成図である。
１・・音波入射情報計測装置
２．３・・・マイクロホン
４・・・レベル・レベル比検知装置Figure 1 shows a sound wave incidence information meter 1lp which is an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the I device. 1...Sound wave incident information measuring device 2.3...Microphone 4...Level/level ratio detection device
Claims (1)
ロホンと、同一時刻で出力された前記マイクロホンの信
号レベルおよび信号レベル比を検知するレベル・レベル
比検知装置とを備え、前記信号レベル比を基準として、
入射する音波の方向および強さを判定することを特徴と
する音波入射情報計測装置。1) A plurality of microphones arranged at appropriate angles and having directivity, and a level/level ratio detection device that detects the signal level and signal level ratio of the microphones output at the same time, and As a standard,
A sound wave incident information measuring device characterized by determining the direction and intensity of an incident sound wave.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13852090A JPH0432725A (en) | 1990-05-30 | 1990-05-30 | Sound wave incidence information measuring instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13852090A JPH0432725A (en) | 1990-05-30 | 1990-05-30 | Sound wave incidence information measuring instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0432725A true JPH0432725A (en) | 1992-02-04 |
Family
ID=15224068
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13852090A Pending JPH0432725A (en) | 1990-05-30 | 1990-05-30 | Sound wave incidence information measuring instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0432725A (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-05-30 JP JP13852090A patent/JPH0432725A/en active Pending
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