JPH04315534A - Machine frame - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent displacement of a relative position between frames, of which a machine frame is composed, owing to a change in an ambient temperature. CONSTITUTION:A column frame 25 is mounted on the end of a base frame 21 having high heat capacity. An upper frame 27 has the one end side supported to the upper part of the column frame 25 and the other end side extended to a position above the base frame 21. A container 30 making contact with an inner wall is mounted in the upper frame 27. Water M in a quantity required for the fact that a ratio of heat capacity for heat exchange between the upper frame 27 and the open air is adjusted to a value approximately equal to a ratio of heat capacity for heat exchange between the base frame 21 and the open air is injected in the container 30.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to machine frames used in various processing machines, measuring machines, etc., and particularly relates to machine frames for machines in which dimensional changes in various parts of the frame have a large effect on processing accuracy and measurement accuracy.

0002

[Prior art and problems to be solved] For example, as a frame type for forming punch press machines, cutting machines, etc.
C-shaped frames and portal-shaped frames are conventionally used.

FIG. 14 shows a C-frame type machine frame 10 from the side. At the end of the upper surface 11a of the base frame 11, there is a column frame whose one end 12a side is fixed to the base frame 11. 12 were erected,
One end 13a of the upper frame 13 facing the base frame 11 is fixed to the other end 12b of the column frame 12.

In the case of the above-mentioned processing machine, a driving part that is driven up and down, such as an upper mold or a cutting blade, is attached to the lower surface 13b of the upper frame 13, and a driving part that is driven up and down, such as an upper mold or a cutting blade, is attached to the upper surface 11a of the base frame 11. , an XY table, etc. for positioning workpieces such as lower molds and sheet metals is attached.

[0005] This type of machine frame has a base frame 11, which is the foundation of the machine, to be strong enough to prevent deformation during machining work and to have resistance to environmental changes.
needs to be stronger than other frames, so
Generally, they are made heavy and large in order to stabilize them.

However, compared to the heat capacity of the base frame 11 formed to be large in size, the upper frame 1
3 has a smaller heat capacity due to its smaller size and lighter weight, and even if the material is the same, the speed of expansion or contraction due to temperature changes will vary greatly.

That is, as shown in FIG. 15, when the ambient temperature changes from a certain temperature C0 to C1, the temperature of the base frame 11 itself changes over a long period of time as shown in A because it has a large heat capacity. However, the temperature of the upper frame 13 itself reaches C1 in a short time (about several tens of minutes) as shown in B.

[0008] Since each frame expands and changes in proportion to the length and temperature change, until the temperatures of the frames themselves match, the relative positions of the base frame 11 and the upper frame 13 will shift, impairing machining accuracy and measurement accuracy. It will decrease significantly.

[0009] Furthermore, in a machine such as a punch press machine, in which a pair of molds are respectively attached to the base frame 11 and the upper frame 13, and processing is performed by the cooperation of the upper and lower molds, this relative position is The variation exceeds the allowable misalignment between the molds (which is very small) and destroys the mold during processing.

[0010] In order to solve such problems, it is conceivable to always control the ambient temperature to a constant temperature, for example.
It is often difficult to equalize the temperature inside a factory, where there are various heat sources and a large amount of air movement, as large machines require a large installation area and a huge amount of investment. It is an object of the present invention to solve this problem and provide a machine frame in which the relative position between frames changes very little.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the machine frame of the present invention includes a first frame serving as a foundation, a second frame erected in a predetermined direction from the first frame, a third frame extending from the second frame in a direction opposite to the first frame; and a liquid that is thermally coupled to the wall surface of the second frame or the third frame and increases the heat capacity of the frame. Or a glue-like heat capacity increasing body.

0012

[Operation] Therefore, the heat capacity of the second frame or the third frame can be made close to the heat capacity of the first frame, so deformation that causes the machine to bend or twist does not occur, so that It is possible to create a machine that does not shift in position between different locations.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a machine frame 20 of one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a front view of this machine frame 20.

This machine frame 20 is a frame for a cutting machine made of steel, and the base frame 21 constituting the first frame that serves as the basis has a thick bed surface and has several parts. Equipped with a reinforcing plate,
It is a heavy item.

On the rear end 21a side of the base frame 21,
The prismatic column frame 25 constituting the second frame is
The front portion 25a is welded and fixed in a joined state. Brackets 26 are attached to the lower ends of both sides of the base frame 21 and the column frame 25 to prevent the machine frame 20 from falling sideways and to install and fix the machine frame 20.

One end 27a of an upper frame 27 extending along the longitudinal direction of the base frame 21 is welded and fixed to the upper part of the front face 25a of the column frame 25.

Upper frame 2 constituting the third frame
A storage case 30 is attached to the inside of 7. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the storage case 30 is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped whose outer peripheral surface is inscribed in the inner wall surface 27b of the upper frame 27. Each outlet 32 is provided, and the contents can be discharged by removing the discharge valve 32a from the discharge port 32.

A cutting device 33 is attached to the front end side 27c of the upper frame 27, and a workpiece (not shown) is
The cutting device 33 is horizontally moved by the workpiece moving device 34 installed on the upper surface 21c of the base frame 21.
It is machined into a predetermined shape by the cutting part 33a at the tip.

In the storage case 30, the surface temperature of the base frame 21 and the surface temperature of the upper frame 27 are set in advance.
The amount of water M (heat capacity increaser) required to always change at the same speed with respect to changes in ambient temperature is accommodated.

Therefore, the ratio of the heat capacity of the base frame 21 to the heat exchange with the outside air and the ratio of the heat capacity of the upper frame 27 to the heat exchange with the outside air are almost the same, so as shown in FIG. Ambient temperature from C0 to C1
The temperature change characteristic B of the upper frame 27 itself when the temperature changes is the same as the temperature change characteristic A of the base frame 21 itself.
It will almost match.

Therefore, the elongation dimension due to expansion of the tip position of the upper frame 27 (the mounting position of the cutting device 33) during this temperature rise and the base frame 21 below it.
Since the elongation dimension of is always almost the same, the machining position does not change relatively even before the temperature of both frames reaches the ambient temperature, and machining can be performed with the same accuracy.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of a machine frame 35 for a turret punch press machine. In this case as well, a column frame 3 is erected on the rear end 36a of the base frame 36.
An upper frame 38 extends from the upper end 37a of 7. As shown in FIG. 6, two storage cases 39, 39 are attached to the upper frame 38, which are in contact with inner wall surfaces 38a, 38a on both sides, respectively. These two storage cases 39, 39 have an injection port 39 provided at the top thereof.
It is formed so that the water M injected from a can be discharged from the discharge port 39c by operating the discharge valve 39c at the lower part.

A shaft 41 of a disc-shaped upper turret 40 is rotatably attached to the lower surface 38b of the upper frame 38, and a lower turret 42 having approximately the same diameter is arranged at a position facing the upper turret 40. has been done. The shaft 43 of the lower turret 42 is rotatably attached to the base frame 36, and the upper turret 40 and the lower turret 42 are rotationally driven by a rotational drive device (not shown) provided in each frame. .

A plurality of upper molds 45 arranged along the edge of the upper turret 40 are driven downward by a hammer mechanism (not shown), and are engaged with a lower mold 46 of the lower turret 42 that is paired with the upper mold 45. match.

A workpiece moving device 47 is provided on the upper surface 36b of the base frame 36 in front of the lower turret 42, and the plate-shaped workpiece W between the upper turret 40 and the lower turret 42 is Clamping mechanism 47 of moving device 47
It moves horizontally with one side held by a, and punching is performed using a predetermined die at a predetermined position.

[0026] This machine frame 35 includes the upper frame 3
The predetermined amount of water M accommodated in the storage case 39 of No. 8 sets the heat capacity ratio of the entire upper frame 38 to heat exchange with outside air to be approximately equal to the heat capacity ratio of the base frame 36 to heat exchange with outside air. Therefore, the positions of the upper turret 40 and the lower turret 43 do not change relative to changes in ambient temperature.

Therefore, there is no possibility that the upper mold 45 and the lower mold 46 will disengage and break. Note that in this machine frame 35, the center portion 38 of the upper frame 38
Considering that the mechanical part is located at c, the central part 3
The storage case was divided so as not to occupy 8c, but
If it is not necessary to consider the arrangement of other mechanical parts, one storage case may be arranged in the center.

Note that in the machine frame of the above embodiment, the heat capacity ratio of the upper frame for heat exchange with the outside air was made equal to the heat capacity ratio of the base frame for heat exchange with the outside air, but this was due to the length of the column frame. In this case, the direction of expansion due to temperature change of the upper frame and the base frame is perpendicular to the direction of expansion of the length of the upper frame and the base frame, and there is no direct significant effect on deterioration of processing accuracy or misalignment of the mold. When accuracy is required so that expansion and deformation due to temperature changes in the width direction of the column frame cannot be ignored, or when accuracy in the height direction is required, the heat capacity of the column frame must also be balanced with the base frame.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a machine frame 50 in which storage cases 49, 49 are attached to inner wall surfaces 37b, 37b (one side is not shown) on both sides of the column frame 37 of the machine frame 35, respectively. be. Two storage cases 49
, 49, the amount of water M necessary for the surface temperatures of the base frame 36 and column frame 37 to change at the same rate with respect to changes in ambient temperature is injected from the injection port 49a. , the heat capacity of each frame can be balanced, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in processing accuracy and mold failure due to expansion and deformation of the column frame 37. Note that the injected water M can be discharged by operating the discharge valve 49b.

Furthermore, in the case of a machine where only accuracy in the height direction is required, the storage case 39 in the upper frame 38 may be omitted to balance only the heat capacity of the column frame 37 and the base frame 36. Just do it.

Furthermore, as shown in the machine frame 55 shown in FIG.
If 9, 39, 49, and 49 are connected to each other with pipes 56 and 57, the water M in the storage cases 39 and 49 will undergo natural convection, and the temperature difference between the column frame 37 and the upper frame 38 can be further reduced. can.

FIG. 9 shows column frames 62 erected at both ends of a base frame 61 of a gate-type machine frame 60;
The inner wall surfaces 66a on both sides of the upper frame 66 are attached to the inner wall surfaces 62a, 62a, 63a, and 63a on both sides of the upper frame 63 so as to be inscribed in the storage cases 64 and 65, respectively, and both ends of the upper frame 66 are supported by the column frames 62 and 63. , 66a is a diagram showing an example in which the housing case 67 is attached to the housing case 67 inscribed therein.

In this machine frame 60, the housing cases are connected by pipes 68a, 68b, and 68c, and the heat capacity ratio with respect to the heat exchange with the outside air of the other frame with respect to the base frame 61 is balanced, and the fluid between the housing cases is Since the upper frame 66 is movable, the effect of preventing upward curve deformation of the upper frame 66 is enhanced.
High mechanical dimensional accuracy can be maintained. In addition, in this machine frame 60, the water M injected from the water inlet 69 of the housing case 67 can be discharged by operating the discharge valve 70, so that handling becomes easy.

FIG. 10 shows a mechanical frame 80 in which water M is forced to circulate, thereby making it possible to further reduce the temperature difference between the frames.

This machine frame 80, like the machine frame 20 described above, is of the C type for cutting machines.
Inside the base frame 81, there are inner walls 81a, 8 on both sides thereof.
1a and are connected in series through connecting pipes 82 to 85. Four connected storage cases 86 to 89 are provided above and below, and a circulation pump 90 is connected between the connecting pipes 84 and 85. There is.

Inner walls 91a, 91 on both sides of column frame 91
One end side of two storage cases 92 and 93 attached so as to be inscribed in a is connected to storage cases 86 and 89 in base frame 81 via connecting pipes 94 and 95, respectively, and the other end side is connected to storage cases 86 and 89 in base frame 81, respectively. Inner walls 96 on both sides of upper frame 96
Connecting pipes 100 and 101 are connected to two storage cases 98 and 99 inscribed in a and 96a and connected by a connecting pipe 97, respectively.
connected via. Note that the water M is supplied through the injection port 102.
It is injected from ports a and 102b, and can be discharged by operating the discharge valve 103.

Therefore, when the circulation pump 90 is driven, the water M in the base frame 81 passes through the column frame 91 and the upper frame 96 and returns to the base frame 81 again, which is a repeated cycle, and a small amount of water is generated between each frame. Even if there is a large temperature difference, the temperature can be brought to the same level in a short time.

This circulation may be carried out all the time or at predetermined intervals. Also, a temperature sensor (not shown) may be attached to each frame, and the difference between the temperatures detected by each temperature sensor may be set to a predetermined value. The circulation pump 90 may be driven when the temperature exceeds the temperature.

[0039] In the machine frame described above, the heat capacity of the frame is increased by storing water, which is a heat capacity increaser, in a housing case formed in contact with the inner wall of the frame. This is not intended to limit the invention, and for example, if the storage case is not provided separately,
As shown in the upper frame 27' shown in cross section, water M is injected into the frame from an injection port 31' provided directly in the frame.
The water may be discharged from the discharge valve 32a of the discharge port 32', or a necessary number of plastic bags may be stored in the frame. Further, a housing case may be provided on the outer wall of the frame, and antifreeze may be used instead of water in extremely cold regions. Furthermore, instead of a complete liquid such as water, a paste-like heat insulating material used for cold storage may be used as the heat capacity increaser.

Further, in the above embodiment, the heat capacity was balanced between each frame, but in addition to this, the heat capacity increasing body is divided within one frame, and the heat capacity increasing body is divided within one frame, so that the thermal capacity increasing body is divided into It is also possible to prevent deformation (warpage).

For example, as shown in FIG. 12, one side 1 of the upper frame 106 fixed to the column frame 105
When equipment 107 necessary for processing etc. is attached to the side 06a and there is a difference in expansion due to temperature changes between the side 106a and the other side 106b, water is used to balance the heat capacity with respect to the base frame (not shown). is injected into the storage cases 108 and 109 attached to the inner wall surfaces 106c and 106d, respectively, and an amount of water for balancing both sides is injected into the storage case 110 separately attached to the inner wall surface 106d. For example, bending toward the device 107 due to the difference in expansion between both side surfaces as shown in this figure can be prevented.

Further, in the above embodiment, the column frame, which is the second frame, is erected in a direction perpendicular to the installation surface from the base frame, which is the first frame of the present invention, which is the foundation. Machine frame 120 shown in FIG.
From the base frame 121 to the column frame 12, as shown in FIG.
The present invention can be similarly applied to an L-shaped machine frame in which the third frame 123 extends upward from the pillar frame 122, and the third frame 123 extends upward from the pillar frame 122. .

Each of the machine frames described above was assembled by welding and fixing each prismatic frame, but it was also possible to weld a steel plate into a freely shaped cross section, an H-shaped cross-section, and a U-shaped cross-section. The present invention can be similarly applied to a structure made up of individual frames or a structure assembled by bolting.

[0044]

Effects of the Invention As explained above, the machine frame of the present invention has a second frame erected on a first frame serving as a foundation, and a third frame facing the first frame. A liquid or glue-like heat capacity increasing material that increases the heat capacity of this frame is thermally coupled to the wall surface of the second or third frame, so the ambient temperature is controlled at a constant temperature. Even if the rate of expansion change of the second or third frame is almost the same as that of the first frame, by simply adjusting the amount to an appropriate amount, the relative speed between the frames with respect to changes in ambient temperature can be Changes in position can be prevented.

[0045] Therefore, while maintaining high processing accuracy of various processing machines configured with this machine frame,
Breakdowns of molds, etc. can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD showing the main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the change characteristics of the surface temperature with respect to the change in the ambient temperature of the frame of one example.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of essential parts of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of essential parts for explaining another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic side view showing another type of machine frame.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing the configuration of a conventional machine frame.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing characteristic changes in surface temperature with respect to changes in ambient temperature of a conventional machine frame.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 Machine frame 21 Base frame 25 Column frame 27 Upper frame 30 Storage case 31 Inlet 32 Discharge port 35 Machine frame 36 Base frame 37 Column frame 38 Upper frame 39 Storage case 49 Storage case 55 Machine frame 56, 57 pipe 60 Machine frame 61 Base frame 62, 63 Column frame 64, 65 Storage case 66 Upper frame 67 Storage case 68a, 68b, 68c pipe 80 Machine frame 81 Base frame 82-85 Connecting pipe 86-89 Storage case 90 Circulation pump 91 Column frame 92, 93 Storage case 94, 95 Connecting pipe 96 Upper frame 97 Connecting pipe 98, 99 storage case 100, 101 Connecting pipe

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A first frame serving as a foundation, a second frame erected in a predetermined direction from the first frame, and an end of the second frame facing the first frame. a third frame extending in the direction; and a liquid or glue-like heat capacity increaser that is thermally coupled to a wall surface of at least one of the second frame and the third frame and increases the heat capacity of the frame. A mechanical frame characterized by comprising a body. 2. The machine frame according to claim 1, wherein the heat capacity increasing body is housed in a housing portion in contact with a wall surface of the frame. 3. The machine according to claim 2, wherein the accommodating portions of the second frame and the third frame are connected to each other so that the heat capacity increasing body can move between the accommodating portions. flame 4. Claim 2, characterized in that the first frame is provided with the accommodating part, and the accommodating part is connected to the accommodating part provided in the second frame or the third frame. Mechanical frame listed 5. The machine frame according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising a circulation device for forcibly circulating the heat capacity increasing body between the housing parts.