JPH0430292B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is particularly useful when performing eye treatment or surgery, in which the anterior segment of the eye is examined using strong light for a long period of time in combination with a surgical microscope or the like. The present invention relates to an ophthalmological illumination device that is effective in various cases.

[Prior Art] A conventional device of this type will be explained using a surgical microscope shown in FIG. 4 as an example. In this surgical microscope, illumination light from an illumination light source 2 built into a microscope body 1 is illuminated on the eye E through a condenser lens 3, an illumination diaphragm 4, a prism 5, a prism lens 6, and an objective lens 7. The eye E to be examined is observed by the examiner's eye e through an observation optical system consisting of an objective lens 7, a variable magnification lens 8, an imaging lens 9, an erecting prism 10, and an eyepiece 11. Here, the illumination diaphragm 4, the focal position F1 of the objective lens 7, and the focal position F2 of the eyepiece lens 11 are in a conjugate relationship with each other.

In normal cases, an extremely powerful light source is used as the illumination light source 2 so that the examiner's eye e can observe with sufficient brightness even through the observation optical system, and its brightness is on the focal plane of the objective lens 7. It reaches more than 100,000 ruts. Since ophthalmic surgery is performed under such conditions, there is a risk that the fundus of the eye may be damaged by the illumination light that passes through the pupil of the eye E to be examined and reaches the fundus. To eliminate this danger, the illumination diaphragm 4
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 111625/1983 discloses a device in which a circular light shielding means 4a is fixedly provided in the center of the microscope body. The light shielding means 4a moves the pupil.
The illumination light is prevented from entering the fundus of the eye through the pupil. However, in this system, since the illumination diaphragm 4 and the light shielding means 4a are conjugate to the focal position F1 of the objective lens 7, the illumination field becomes donut-shaped, and the central part becomes dark, making it impossible to observe. I have it.

However, this central part is the part of the observation optical system where a good image can be obtained with the least aberrations.
In addition, when observing with a microscope, the macula of the examiner's eye, which has the highest resolution, is the corresponding part.
This is the most important part for observing the detailed appearance of the subject's eye. Therefore, the fact that this central part cannot be observed means that the advantage of microsurgery, which allows observation of the minute structure of the eye E to be examined, is halved.

In addition, during surgery, the pupil of the eye E to be examined is not necessarily located at the center of the microscopic field of view.
For example, FIG. 5 shows a microscope field of view when an ophthalmic surgery is performed using a surgical microscope, and shows how the index system is applied to the superior rectus muscle of the eye E to be examined. In this case, since the pupil P is located at the lower left of the field of view of the microscope, the above-mentioned light shielding means 4
There is no point in blocking light from the central part A with a. In addition, when the microscope is moved to match the A part in order to shield the pupil P, the microscope observation magnification must be lowered to bring the work area into the field of view, and the surgical site cannot be observed at sufficient magnification this time. It disappears.

[Object of the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to completely protect the fundus of the eye to be examined by moving the light-shielding part to a necessary position, or to improve the shape of the light-shielding part, in order to improve the problems of the conventional example. An object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic illumination device that is devised to maximize the advantages of microsurgery.

[Summary of the invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows:
A light shielding or light attenuating member provided for forming a light shielding part or a light attenuating part in the illuminated area in a plane substantially conjugate with the illuminated surface in the optical path of the optical system that illuminates the anterior segment of the eye to be examined; , an ophthalmic illumination device characterized by having means for making the shape or position of the light shielding part or the light attenuation part variable.

[Embodiments of the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3.

In FIG. 1, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 indicate the same or equivalent members, and since the observation optical system is the same as in FIG. 4, illustration and description thereof will be omitted. This first
In the illumination optical system shown in the figure, the illumination diaphragm 4 is a simple circular diaphragm, and the fixed light shielding means 4 as shown in FIG.
a is not provided. Instead, the optical traps 12a, 1 are placed at a position substantially conjugate with the focal point F1 of the objective lens 7, that is, at a position substantially the same as the illumination diaphragm 4.
2b, 12c, . . . , one of them, for example 12b, is inserted in a replaceable manner. As shown in FIG. 2, these optical traps 12 are arranged on a mount 14 which is pivotable about a pivot 13 and equidistant from it in the radial direction. and,
By rotating the mount 14 from the outside, one of the mounts 14 is brought into alignment with the illumination diaphragm 4 for use. For example, the mount 14 has recesses 14a, 14b, 14 corresponding to each optical trap 12.
c, . It is a click-stop type that can be fixed in place.

The parts of the light shielding part or the light attenuation part of each optical trap 12 are different, for example, as shown in FIG. , and the other light traps 12b, 12c, and 12d have shapes that exclude the center part of a sector formed by dividing the donut shape in the radial direction. In FIG. 1, the illumination light emitted from the illumination light source 2 is condensed. The anterior segment of the eye E to be examined is illuminated through a lens 3, a circular illumination diaphragm 4, for example, a light trap 12b, a prism 5, a prism lens 6, and an objective lens 7. Here, the illumination diaphragm 4 and the light trap 12
b has a substantially conjugate relationship with the focal position F1 of the objective lens 7, so the anterior segment of the subject's eye E is located at the circular illumination diaphragm 4.
A part of the light shielding portion is illuminated in a shielded shape by the optical trap 12b.

For example, if the optical traps 12b, 12c, and 12d are sequentially replaced, the illumination field will be
Changes as shown in . Therefore, in the case shown in FIG. 5, if the optical trap 12d is selected to provide the illumination field shown in FIG. 3d, the illumination light can be prevented from entering the fundus Er through the pupil P. can.
In this way, while using the optical traps 12b to 12d, the center of the visual field is compensated with sufficient brightness, and the operator can perform precise work in this area.

In FIG. 3, the central angle θ of the light-shielding portion of each optical trap 12 depends on the number of optical traps 12 prepared, but it is desirable to have a combination that can cover the entire circumference. However, increasing the number of optical traps 12 by decreasing the central angle θ would complicate the device and operation, so the number of optical traps 12 having fan-shaped light shielding parts should be reduced to about 4 to 6. The central angle θ
It is appropriate to set the angle to about 90° to 60°. In addition to this, optical trap 1 is used for special cases.
One with a light shielding part in the center like 2a, and 1
By preparing a device like 2e that does not have any light shielding portion, it can be applied to various cases.

Note that if the light-shielding part of each optical trap 12 is made of a material that completely blocks light, a part of the illumination field may become completely dark, making it difficult to perform surgery. Within the range,
The light-blocking filter may be replaced with a neutral density filter.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the ophthalmological illumination device according to the present invention makes the shape or position of the light shielding part or the light attenuation part variable, so that no matter where the pupil of the subject's eye moves within the visual field, The safety of the fundus can be ensured. Further, unlike the conventional example, the central part of the illumination field can be observed with sufficient illumination.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the ophthalmological illumination device according to the present invention, with Figure 1 being an optical arrangement diagram when it is incorporated into a surgical microscope, and Figure 2 showing the shape and shape of the optical trap. Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the arrangement, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of changes in the illumination field, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the optical arrangement of a conventional surgical microscope, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the microscope field of view during ophthalmic surgery. be. 1 is a microscope body, 2 is an illumination light source, 4 is an illumination diaphragm, 5 is a prism, 6 is a prism lens, 7 is an objective lens, 12a, 12b, 12c, . . . are optical traps, 13 is a pivot, 14 is a mount, 14
a, 14b, 14c, . . . are recesses, 15 is a roller, and 16 is a leaf spring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Provided in the optical path of the optical system that illuminates the anterior segment of the subject's eye in a plane that is substantially conjugate with the illuminated surface, in order to form a light shielding part or a light attenuation part in the illuminated area. An ophthalmic illumination device comprising: a light shielding or light attenuating member; and means for changing the shape or position of the light shielding or light attenuating member. 2. The ophthalmic illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding or light attenuation member is arranged on a mount that rotates around a pivot, and is selected by rotating the mount. 3. The ophthalmic illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding or light attenuating member has at least a light shielding part or a light attenuating part having a donut shape divided in the radial direction.