JPH04292759A - Absorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize sufficiently an effect of absorption and make a compact structure by a method wherein an absorption type refrigerating machine comprises means for forming an absorption device together with a wall surface contacting with a space including an evaporator and supplying absorption liquid to a surface contacting with the space at the wall surface and means for supplying liquid refrigerant to its opposite surface, and the space with the opposite surface being a part of the wall surface is communicated with a condensor. CONSTITUTION:Liquid refrigerant is dispersed against an outer surface 7B of an absorbing device 7, i.e., an opposite surface of an inner wall surface where absorption heat is generated, and absorption heat generated at the inner wall surface is removed and evaporated. The evaporated refrigerant vapor flows into a condensor 6 and is condensed and liquefied together with refrigerant vapor generated at a low temperature regenerator 3 and refrigerant vapor not condensed and liquefied in the low temperature regenerating coil 3A but flowed into an evaporation/absorption device 16. The absorption heat is transmitted into the refrigerant vapor in a form of evaporating heat of the liquid refrigerant evaporated at the outer surface of the absorption device 7 and then condensed with the condensor 6 together with the refrigerant vapor generated at the low temperature regenerator 3. Due to this fact, the heat exchanger for radiating heat and the heat exchanger for condensing operation can be used together and an entire system can be simplified.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly to an absorption refrigerator whose structure is simplified by integrating a condenser and an absorber heat dissipation section.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-66068
As shown in Figure 2, the absorption refrigerator described in the publication has the following features:
The heat dissipation section of the condenser and the heat dissipation section of the absorber are each separated, and are provided with two heat exchangers for heat dissipation.

0003

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the prior art as described above, it is necessary to cool each heat exchanger for heat radiation, which has the following drawbacks. ■ Two separate heat exchangers must be installed, making the device larger. ■ An air-cooled vertical falling film absorber is installed so that its axial direction intersects the flow of cooling air, as in the example shown in Figure 3.
And when arranged in multiple stages, the temperature of the cooling air increases as it passes through the absorbers, and the temperature of the absorber located downstream of the cooling air flow is higher than the temperature of the absorber located upstream. . Therefore, the absorption capacity of the absorbent flowing through the absorber located downstream of the cooling air flow is higher than that of the absorbent flowing through the absorber located upstream of the cooling air flow, even if the concentration of the absorbent is the same. The absorption capacity of the absorbing liquid is not fully demonstrated. An object of the present invention is to uniformly cool an absorber to fully utilize its absorption capacity for absorbing liquid, and to downsize the apparatus.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problem] The above problem is solved by a condenser that cools and liquefies the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator, and a condenser that evaporates the liquefied refrigerant and removes the heat of evaporation from the refrigerant. In an absorption refrigerator comprising an evaporator that performs a freezing action by cooling the refrigerant, and an absorber that absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator into an absorption liquid, the absorber is in contact with a space containing the evaporator. A space formed including a wall surface, comprising means for supplying an absorbing liquid to a surface of the wall surface in contact with the space, and means for supplying a liquid refrigerant to the opposite surface thereof, the opposite surface being a part of the wall surface. This is achieved by communicating with the condenser. The above object is also achieved by the absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the absorber is a vertical falling film type absorber. The above object is also achieved by the absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the condenser is air-cooled. The above object is further achieved by the absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the condenser is water-cooled.

[0005]

[Operation] Refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is absorbed by an absorption liquid supplied to the surface of the absorber that is in contact with the space containing the evaporator. At this time, the absorption heat generated on the surface is taken away as evaporation heat when the liquid refrigerant supplied to the surface opposite to the surface to which the absorption liquid is supplied evaporates, and the absorption liquid is cooled to a predetermined temperature. be done. The refrigerant vapor produced by evaporation of the liquid refrigerant on the opposite surface flows into the condenser since the space in contact with the opposite surface communicates with the condenser, and is generated in the regenerator flowing into the same condenser. The refrigerant vapor is cooled and liquefied. Therefore, the evaporation temperature when the liquid refrigerant evaporates on the opposite surface is determined by the condensation temperature of the condenser, and the cooling temperature of the absorber, that is, the absorption liquid, is also uniform at the condensation temperature regardless of the arrangement of the absorber or the number of stages. It is decided. Further, the release of the absorption heat generated in the absorber and the heat release for condensing the refrigerant vapor for producing liquid refrigerant are performed in the same condenser, and there is no need to provide a double heat exchanger for heat release.

[0006]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Part 16
, a cylindrical absorber 7 concentrically installed in the evaporator/absorber 16, a spiral coil-shaped evaporator 8 concentrically installed in the internal space 25 of the absorber 7, and the absorber 7. a liquid refrigerant distribution pipe 21 disposed in an annular shape above the evaporator 7; a liquid refrigerant dispersion pipe 13 disposed within the absorber 7 in an annular shape above the evaporator 8; Evaporation/absorption part 1
A refrigerant vapor passage 17 that communicates with the outer periphery of the upper end of the double cylindrical evaporator/absorber 16 and is arranged in a flange shape, and a liquid refrigerant flow path that communicates with the outer periphery of the lower end of the double cylindrical evaporator/absorber 16 and is arranged in a flange shape. 18, a plurality of condensers 6 disposed vertically connecting the liquid refrigerant flow path 18 and the refrigerant vapor passage 17, and a plurality of condensers 6 arranged at the upper part of the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 14 and communicating with the refrigerant vapor passage 17. A cylindrical low-temperature regenerator 3 arranged concentrically, a spiral low-temperature regenerator coil 3A concentrically installed in the low-temperature regenerator 3,
A cylindrical separator 2 connected to one end of the low-temperature regeneration coil 3A via a refrigerant vapor pipe 19 and arranged in the central cavity of the inner cylinder 14; and a cylindrical separator 2 arranged concentrically with the separator 2. A double cylindrical high-temperature regenerator 1 connected to the separator 2 through a pipe 20, and a burner 1 attached to the high-temperature regenerator 1.
1, a refrigerant circulation pump 10 arranged such that its suction side is connected to the liquid refrigerant flow path 18 and its discharge side is connected to the liquid refrigerant distribution pipes 13 and 21 through a liquid refrigerant pipe 22; A low temperature solution heat exchanger 5 is connected to the lower end of the absorber 7 via a solution circulation pump 9, and has an inlet for heating fluid connected to an outlet of the concentrated solution of the low temperature regenerator 3, and an inlet for the fluid to be heated. A high temperature solution heat exchanger 4 whose heating fluid inlet is connected to the intermediate concentrated solution outlet of the separator 2 at the heated fluid outlet of the low temperature solution heat exchanger 5, and the evaporation/absorption section 1
The cooling fan 12 is arranged above the condenser 6 and blows cooling air to the condenser 6.

The heated fluid outlet of the low temperature solution heat exchanger 5 is connected to the upper end of the absorber 7 by a pipe 23, the heated fluid outlet of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 4 is connected to the high temperature regenerator 1, and the heated fluid outlet is connected to the low temperature Each is connected to the regenerator 3. An annular dispersion plate 24 is disposed inside the absorber where the pipe 23 is connected to the absorber 7, and the concentrated solution supplied from the pipe 23 is transmitted along the inner wall surface 7A of the absorber 7. It flows down in a liquid film. Furthermore, fins are provided on the outer periphery of the condenser 6 in the circumferential direction to increase cooling efficiency.

The operation of the absorption refrigerator having the above structure will be explained next. The dilute solution heated in the double cylinder of the high temperature regenerator 1 is
It flows into the separator 20 via the pipe 20 and is separated into refrigerant vapor and intermediate concentrated solution. The refrigerant vapor flows into the low-temperature regeneration coil 3A through the pipe 19, heats the intermediate concentrated solution in the low-temperature regenerator 3 to generate refrigerant vapor, and then evaporates as a two-phase flow of part liquid and part vapor. It flows into the absorption section 16. On the other hand, the intermediate concentrated solution obtained by evaporating the refrigerant becomes a concentrated solution and flows into the upper end of the absorber 7 via the heating fluid side of the low-temperature heat exchanger 5 and the piping 23, and is dispersed by the dispersion plate 24. 7 inner wall surface 7
Flows down along A. The concentrated solution flows down along the inner wall surface of the absorber 7 and absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the absorber to become a dilute solution, which is sucked into the solution circulation pump 9 and sent to the heated solution in the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 5. It is sent to the fluid side. The dilute solution heated by the concentrated solution flowing on the heated fluid side while passing through the heated fluid side of the low temperature solution heat exchanger 5 further flows into the heated fluid side of the high temperature heat exchanger 4 and flows on the heated fluid side. After being heated with the intermediate concentrated solution, it is refluxed to the high temperature regenerator 1.

The refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator 3 is evaporated/
Flows into the absorption section 16, passes through the low temperature regeneration coil 3A, and evaporates/
The refrigerant vapor that has entered the absorption section 16 flows into the condenser 6 via the refrigerant vapor passage 17 . The refrigerant vapor that has flowed into the condenser 6 radiates heat through the fins, condenses and liquefies to become liquid refrigerant, and is sucked into the refrigerant circulation pump 10 . The refrigerant circulation pump 10 sends the sucked liquid refrigerant to a liquid refrigerant distribution pipe 13,
21 and sprayed on the outer peripheral surface of the spiral coil forming the evaporator 8 and the outer surface of the absorber 7. The liquid refrigerant sprayed from the liquid refrigerant dispersion pipe 13 evaporates on the outer circumferential surface of the spiral coil forming the evaporator 8 and cools the cooling medium flowing through the coil, thereby performing a refrigeration action.

The refrigerant vapor evaporated on the outer peripheral surface of the evaporator 8 is
It is supplied to the absorber 7 via the pipe 23 and absorbed by the concentrated solution flowing down the inner wall of the absorber as a liquid film. The concentrated solution absorbs refrigerant vapor to become a dilute solution and generates absorption heat on the inner wall surface. On the other hand, the outer surface 7B of the absorber 7,
That is, as described above, the liquid refrigerant is spread on the opposite surface of the inner wall surface where the absorbed heat is generated, and the liquid refrigerant absorbs the absorbed heat generated on the inner wall surface and evaporates. The evaporated refrigerant vapor flows into the condenser 6 through the refrigerant vapor passage 17, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator 3 and the refrigerant vapor that has not been condensed and liquefied in the low-temperature regeneration coil 3A and have flowed into the evaporation/absorption section 16 At the same time, it is condensed and liquefied, and the above-mentioned procedure is repeated.

According to this embodiment, the absorbed heat is transferred to the refrigerant vapor in the form of the heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant that evaporates on the outer surface of the absorber 7, and this refrigerant vapor is transferred to the high temperature regenerator 1 and the low temperature regenerator 3. It is condensed together with the refrigerant vapor generated in the condenser 6. Therefore, the heat exchanger for dissipating absorbed heat and the condensing heat exchanger for producing liquid refrigerant can be used in common, and the structure is simplified. In addition, normally, a wall provided to isolate the evaporator from the outside constitutes an absorber, and its inner wall surface serves as an absorption surface for refrigerant vapor by an absorption liquid, and its outer surface serves as an evaporation surface for the refrigerant that removes absorbed heat. As a result, the structure is made more compact.

In this embodiment, the absorber is a single stage (single cylinder), but since the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant that removes absorbed heat is determined by the condensation temperature of the condenser, the absorption temperature of the absorber is determined by the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant. Even if the absorber has multiple stages, the temperature remains uniform regardless of cooling from outside the absorber, and it is possible to set and maintain the temperature at which the absorption liquid efficiently absorbs. Furthermore, although the condenser is air-cooled in this embodiment, the present invention is equally applicable to water-cooled condensers. The absorber 7 shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical shape, but as shown in FIG. 4 in a cross section perpendicular to its axial direction, the absorber 7 has a shape in which the wall surface is uneven, for example, in a bellows shape to increase the absorption/evaporation surface area. It is preferable to do so.

[0013]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the absorption heat generated by absorbing the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator into the absorption liquid supplied to the absorption surface evaporates the liquid refrigerant on the surface opposite to the absorption surface. The refrigerant vapor is transferred to refrigerant vapor by the high-temperature regenerator and the refrigerant vapor generated by the low-temperature regenerator, and is condensed and liquefied by dissipating heat in a common condenser, regardless of the number of absorber stages installed or the cooling method. It becomes possible to set and maintain the cooling temperature of the absorber, which has the effect of fully demonstrating the absorption effect of the absorption liquid and making the structure more compact.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the main parts of an air-cooled double-effect absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of prior art.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional technology in which absorbers are arranged in multiple stages in a direction intersecting the flow of cooling air.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the shape of the absorber shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 High temperature regenerator 2 Separator 3 Low temperature regenerator 4 High temperature solution heat exchanger 5 Low temperature solution heat exchanger 6 Condenser 7 Absorber 8 Evaporator 9 Solution circulation pump 10 Refrigerant circulation pump 11 Burner 12 Air cooling fan 13, 21 Liquid refrigerant distribution pipe 14 Inner cylinder 15 Outer cylinder 16 Evaporation/absorption part 17 Refrigerant vapor passage 18 Liquid refrigerant flow path 19 Refrigerant vapor pipe 20 Piping 22 Liquid refrigerant pipe 23 Piping 24 Dispersion plate

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [Claim 1] A condenser that cools and liquefies refrigerant vapor generated in a regenerator, and a condenser that evaporates the liquefied refrigerant and removes evaporation heat from the refrigerant to cool the refrigerant. In the absorption refrigerator, the absorber includes an evaporator that performs a freezing action, and an absorber that absorbs refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator into an absorption liquid, the absorber including a wall surface that is in contact with a space containing the evaporator. and a means for supplying an absorption liquid to a surface of the wall surface in contact with the space, and a means for supplying a liquid refrigerant to the opposite surface thereof, and the space in contact with the opposite surface communicates with the condenser. [Claim 2] The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the absorber is a vertical falling film type absorber. [Claim 3] The absorption refrigerator is characterized in that the condenser is air-cooled. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: [Claim 4]
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the condenser is water-cooled.