JPH04285998A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate the string rubbing sound to which various tremolo effects are given without performing difficult operation, in the electronic musical instrument provided with a sound source for generating a musical tone signal by using a rubber string type musical instrument as a physical model. CONSTITUTION:A parameter for changing and controlling speed data corresponding to a bow speed of a rubbed string instrument being a physical model and pressure data corresponding to bow pressure is inputted, and based on its parameter, the speed data or pressure data is changed and controlled, and outputted to a sound source 9. Especially, this musical instrument is constituted so that this parameter can be inputted by an operating member such as a tablet 1 and a stick 2, etc.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument having a plucked string type physical model sound source.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, electronic musical instruments have been known that use a bowed string type instrument as a physical model to simulate the musical tones of the instrument or to generate musical tones that cannot be produced by a live bowed string type instrument. It is being This controls the sound generation by giving speed data, pressure data, etc. to the sound source. This speed data and pressure data correspond to the speed and pressure of the bow of an acoustic musical instrument (for example, a violin). Such electronic musical instruments are equipped with an operator for specifying speed data for stringed sounds. When generating a bowed tremolo sound, the player or the like would move the operator that determined the speed in a finely inverted manner. In other words, a bowed string tremolo sound was generated using the same operation as the tremolo of an acoustic musical instrument.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] Since the stringed tremolo sound is generated using this method, the above operation is required when producing the tremolo sound at a stable speed or sustaining it for a long time. The only way to deal with this is to manipulate the child. The same applies when applying a tremolo effect at a very high speed or when changing the speed smoothly. However, it is very difficult to operate such a controller, and it has not been possible to obtain the desired tremolo effect. This invention is
In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional example, we developed a bowed string sound that uses a bowed string type musical instrument as a physical model and is equipped with a sound source that generates musical sound signals, and that provides various tremolo effects without requiring very difficult operations. The purpose is to make it possible to generate.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a bowed string type musical instrument as a physical model,
In an electronic musical instrument equipped with a sound source that generates a musical tone signal by inputting speed data corresponding to the bow speed and pressure data corresponding to the bow pressure of the musical instrument, parameters for changing and controlling the speed data or pressure data are provided. The present invention is characterized by comprising an input means, and a tone control means for changing and controlling the speed data or pressure data based on the parameters and outputting the same to the sound source.

[0005] The parameters may be input using a predetermined operator, and the amount of operation of the operator may be used as the parameter. Further, the tone control means may forcibly invert the sign of the speed data according to the amount of operation of the operator.

[0006]

[Operation] Even without changing the speed data itself, the speed data can be corrected based on the input parameters, and a tremolo effect can be added.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic musical instrument shown in the figure has a tablet 1 and a stick 2 as operators. 3
4 is a pressure detection circuit for detecting the pressure of pressing the stick 2 against the tablet 1 (corresponding to the bow pressure), and 4 is a first pressure sensor provided on the stick 2 (a sensor for changing and controlling the bow pressure). 5 is a second pressure sensor (5) provided on the stick 2.
A second press detection circuit detects the press of the sensor (sensor for changing and controlling the bow speed), and 6 indicates a position detection circuit that detects the position of the stick 2 on the tablet 1. In addition, 7 is a keyboard for specifying pitch, 8 is a key switch circuit that detects the on/off of each key (key switch) on the keyboard, 9 is a sound source that generates a musical tone signal, and 10 is a musical tone signal from the sound source. 11 is a central processing unit (CPU) that controls the entire electronic musical instrument; 12 is a random access memory (RA) used for work registers, etc.;
M), 13 is a read-only memory (
ROM), 14 indicates a timer for issuing a timer interrupt to the CPU. A bidirectional bus line 15 connects these circuits.

FIG. 2 shows the appearance of the electronic musical instrument of this embodiment. A tablet 1 is tilted and placed on a keyboard 7. The performer performs by attaching and detaching the stick 2 from the tablet 1, and by bouncing and hitting the stick 2 on the tablet 1. The pitch of the musical tone to be generated is specified by pressing a key on the keyboard 7. The surface of the tablet 1 may have an appropriate frictional feel. As the tablet 1, a commonly used tablet may be used. Here, a digitizer generally called a magnetic induction type was used.

FIG. 3 shows the detailed internal structure of the stick 2. The stick 2 has an appropriate length and thickness,
It may also have an appropriate bend. Here, it has a tip part 207 with a narrow diameter and a rear end part (grip part) 208 with a thick diameter, and has a length of 30 cm and a diameter of the thin part 207 of about 8 mm. A coil 201 is embedded in the tip of the stick 2. The tablet 1 can detect the position of this coil 201. By calculating the change in the detected position per unit time, velocity data corresponding to the bow speed can be obtained. This velocity data is sent to a physical model sound source 9 that follows a bowstring algorithm. Further, a strain gauge 202 is attached to the stick 2 to detect bending of the stick 2. The bending data from the strain gauge 202 is subjected to predetermined processing and then sent to the sound source 9 as pressure data corresponding to bow pressure.

Furthermore, on the grip portion of the stick 2, there are two controls, a first and a second, whose values change continuously.
Pressure sensors (load sensors) 203 and 204 are embedded. The first parameter is output in accordance with the pressure applied to the first pressure sensor 203 with a finger. The first parameter is a parameter for controlling the amount of noise added to pressure data corresponding to bow pressure. When the first pressure sensor 203 is pressed with a weak pressure, a slight scraping sound with little noise is output, and when it is pressed strongly, an unusual "jar" sound is output.

The second parameter is controlled according to the pressure applied to the second pressure sensor 204 with a finger. The second parameter is a parameter for controlling the speed of the tremolo added to the speed data corresponding to the bow speed. When the second pressure sensor 204 is pressed with a small pressure, a slow tremolo sound is output, and when it is controlled with a large pressure, a very fast tremolo sound is output. Since these pressure sensors 203 and 204 are mounted close to each other on the stick 2, they can be operated simultaneously with one finger. Therefore, it is easy to apply a tremolo effect while operating the stick 2. 205 is coil 2
01, and 206 is a bridge circuit for the strain gauge 202.

The electronic musical instrument of this embodiment has a string-type physical model sound source. FIG. 4 shows an example of a sound source stringing algorithm. 41A and 41B are delay filters that simulate the propagation characteristics of string vibrations. If constructed digitally, the delay filters 41A and 41B are constructed from a shift register, a multiplier, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, a wide-pass filter, and the like. The nonlinear filter 42 is a filter that simulates the friction characteristics between the bow and the string. The nonlinear filter 42 receives velocity data V corresponding to the bow velocity.
When B and pressure data FB corresponding to bow pressure are input, a bowed string type musical instrument is simulated according to these input data. The output signal is, for example, a delay filter 41A.
, 41B from the output position. Such a sound source stringing algorithm may be realized by hardware or software.

Next, the registers and the like used in the electronic musical instrument of this embodiment will be explained. (1) KCDi: Key code register for sound generation. Let i be a channel, and store the key code to be sounded on that channel i. If the number of channels is N, then N sound generation key code registers KCDi are provided with i=1 to N. (2) KONi: A key-on flag indicating whether channel i is to be sounded or muted. When KONi="0", channel i is muted, and when KONi="1", channel i is sounded. (3) KCD: This is a mute key code register that stores the key code to be muted. (4) PRESS: A pressure data register that stores pressure data. (5) VELTY: This is a velocity data register that stores velocity data. (6) POSTN1: This is a position data register indicating the position of the stick 2 at the time of the timer interrupt. (7) POSTN2: This is a position data register that indicates the position of the stick 2 at the time of the previous interrupt when a timer interrupt occurs. (8) DIFF: This is a position difference data register that stores the difference between the position of the stick 2 at the time of the current interrupt and the position of the stick 2 at the time of the previous interrupt in order to calculate the speed. (9) NOISE: This is a bow pressure noise register that stores parameters for changing and controlling pressure data (first parameters based on the first pressure sensor 203). (10) CELLPRS1: A first pressure value register that stores the pressure value of the first pressure sensor 203. (11) CELLPRS2: A second pressure value register that stores the pressure value of the second pressure sensor 204. (12) TREML: This is a tremolo speed register that stores the tremolo speed. (13) COUNT: This is a counter register that is counted up every time a timer interrupt occurs and is used to determine whether or not it is time to invert the sign of the speed data for the tremolo effect.

In order to simplify the explanation, the above-mentioned symbols indicating registers are used to indicate not only the register itself as a storage area but also the data stored in the register. For example, COUNT indicates a counter register and also indicates the data stored in this register.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument of this embodiment will be explained with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 5 to 9.

In the main routine shown in FIG. 5, when the electronic musical instrument is first powered on, various registers and the like are initialized in step S1. Next, step S
Step S2 performs key pressing processing, step S3 performs pressing processing,
Other processing is performed in step S4, and then step S2 is performed again.
Return to Repeat this. In the key pressing process of step S2, on/off of each key on the keyboard 7 is detected and predetermined sound generation/silence processing is performed. In the pressing process of step S3, the pressing status of the first and second pressure sensors 203 and 204 is detected and a predetermined register setting process is performed.

The key press process S2 in FIG. 5 will be explained with reference to the flowchart in FIG. First, in step S11, the keyboard 7
Determine whether there is a key-on event. If there is no key-on event, the process branches to step S16. If there is a key-on event in step S11, a channel is assigned in step S12, and in step S13
Sound generation key code register K corresponding to channel i to which the key code to which the key-on event occurred is assigned.
Store on CDi. Further, in step S14, the key-on flag KONi corresponding to the channel i is set to "1". Then, in step S15, the key code KCD
i and the key-on flag KONi are sent to the sound source. As a result, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the key-on of the keyboard 7 is generated.

Next, in step S16, it is determined whether or not there is a key-off event for the keyboard 7. If there is no key-off event, return. If there is a key-off event in step S16, the key code with the key-off event is stored in the mute key code register KC in step S17.
D, and in step S18, the channel that is currently producing sound with that key code KCD is searched. In step S19, it is determined whether or not there is a corresponding channel, and if there is no corresponding channel, the process returns. If there is a corresponding channel, step S2
0, the key-on flag KON corresponding to that channel i
Reset i to "0". Then, in step S21, the key-on flag KONi is sent to the sound source. Thereby, muting processing is performed in accordance with the key-off of the keyboard 7.

The pressing process S3 in FIG. 5 will be explained with reference to the flowchart in FIG. First, in step S31, the pressure value of the first pressure sensor 203 of the stick 2 is stored in the first pressure value register CELLPRS1. Next, in step S32, the pressure value data CELL of this pressure sensor 203 is
With reference to PRS1, table processing is performed to obtain noise data. This noise data is stored in register NOISE. Furthermore, in step S33, the pressure value of the second pressure sensor 204 of the stick 2 is stored in the second pressure value register CELL.
Store in PRS2. Then, in step S34, the pressure value data CELLPRS2 of the pressure sensor 204 is referred to and subjected to table processing to obtain tremolo speed data. This tremolo speed data is stored in register TREML. Then return.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The timer interrupt processing will be explained. In the electronic musical instrument of this embodiment, a timer interrupt is generated every 4 msec by the timer 14, and the timer interrupt process described below is executed.

In the timer interrupt processing, first step S4
1, the pressure data detected by the strain gauge 202 of the stick 2 at the present time is stored in the pressure data register PRESS, and the position data of the stick 2 detected by the tablet 1 is stored in the position data register POSTN1. Next, in step S42, one of the key-on flags K
It is determined whether ONi is "1" or not, that is, whether there is a sound being generated. If there is no sound being generated, there is no need to send pressure or velocity data to the sound source, so return. If there is a sound being generated, the pressure data PR is
Determine whether ESS is not "0". If the pressure data PRESS is "0", it means that the stick 2 is not pressed against the tablet 1, and the process returns.

If the pressure data PRESS is not "0" in step S43, the position POSTN2 of the stick 2 at the time of the previous interruption is subtracted from the current position POSTN1 of the stick 2 in step S44, and the result is stored in the position difference data register DIFF. Then, step S45
This position difference data register DIFF is referred to and table processing is performed to obtain velocity data. The obtained speed data is stored in the speed data register VELTY. For the next interrupt processing, the current position POSTN is set in step S46.
1 is stored in the previous position data register POSTN2.

Next, in step S47, automatic tremolo processing is performed. Then, in step S48, the pressure data PRES
Bow pressure noise register NOISE is added to S, and pressure data PRESS and velocity data VEL are added in step S49.
Send TY to the sound source. As a result, a musical tone is generated according to the above-described key code data KCDi, key-on flag KONi, pressure data PRESS, and velocity data VELTY. Specifically, pressure data PR
Since the noise NOISE (a value according to the pressing force of the first pressure sensor 203 is stored) is added to the ESS, a string noise corresponding to the pressing force of the pressure sensor 203 is added, and a variety of tone changes can be produced. realizable. Further, since the sign of the velocity data VELTY is inverted at a predetermined period in an automatic tremolo process (step S47, FIG. 9) to be described later, a tremolo effect is applied at that period. After step S49, the process returns.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
Automatic tremolo processing will be explained. In the automatic tremolo processing, first, in step S51, the counter register COUN
Count up T. In step S52, it is determined whether the value of this register COUNT exceeds "127",
If it exceeds, "127" is stored in the register COUNT as the upper limit value in step S53, and in step S54
Proceed to. If not, the process branches to step S54.

Next, in step S54, it is determined whether the tremolo speed TREML exceeds (127-COUNT). If it exceeds, the process advances to step S55; if it does not, the process returns directly. Based on the determination in step S54, the branch to step S55 is made after the smaller the tremolo speed TREML requires a greater number of interruptions (that is, the number of times through step S51), that is, the later the branch is made to step S55, and the branch to step S55 is made later.
The larger REML is, the faster the process branches to step S55. Step S55 and subsequent steps are processing for inverting the sign of the speed data. Therefore, the smaller the tremolo speed TREML is (the weaker the pressure of the second pressure sensor 204 is)
A slow tremolo with a long cycle is applied, and the larger the tremolo speed TREML is (the second pressure sensor 20
The stronger the press of 4), the faster the short cycle tremolo will be applied.

Next, in step S55, the counter register COUNT is cleared to "0". And step S5
In step 6, the sign of the velocity data VELTY is inverted and the process returns.

FIG. 10 is a table for adjusting the relationship between the pressing force of the first pressure sensor 203 and the amount of bow pressure noise to match human sensation. Specifically, this is a table used in step S32 of FIG. 7, and this table allows the pressing force CE to be
Bow pressure noise NOISE corresponding to LLPRS1 can be obtained.

FIG. 11 is a table for adjusting the relationship between the pressing force of the second pressure sensor 204 and the tremolo speed to match human sensation. Specifically, step S34 in FIG.
This is a table used in
Tremolo speed TREML compatible with ELLPRS2
can be obtained.

[0030] In the above embodiment, a tablet and a stick (particularly a strain gauge) are used as the operating elements for driving the sound source, but the present invention is not limited to this, and pressure data and velocity data can be output in response to real-time operation. Any material may be used. For example, a slide volume with a pressure sensor may be used. In addition, the second pressure sensor 204 was used as a sensor for controlling automatic tremolo (or bow pressure noise), but it is not limited to pressure sensors, and any sensor whose output changes continuously can be used. can also be used. The position where the sensor is installed is not limited to the example and can be placed at any position. The control may be performed by aftertouching the keyboard.

In the embodiment, the output of the sensor is converted into an appropriate value by referring to a table, but the value is not limited to referring to the table, but may be obtained by calculation or interpolation. Alternatively, the sensor output may be used as is without any processing.

Further, in the above embodiment, the change control of speed data and pressure data is implemented by software, but it may be performed by hardware. Further, although automatic tremolo is performed by inverting the sign of the speed data, the present invention is not limited to this, and a tremolo effect can also be provided by automatically correcting the value of the speed data or the value of the pressure data.

[0033]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention,
In an electronic musical instrument equipped with a sound source that generates musical sound signals using a bowed string type instrument as a physical model, predetermined parameters are input and speed data or pressure data are changed and controlled by these parameters. It is possible to generate string sounds with various tremolo effects without any operations. In particular, operability is improved if parameters are input using predetermined operators.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

[Fig. 1] A block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 2] External view of the electronic musical instrument of the example

[Figure 3] Detailed internal structure diagram of the stick

[Figure 4] Block diagram showing an example of a bowed string algorithm for a bowed string type physical model sound source

[Figure 5] Flowchart for explaining the main routine of the electronic musical instrument of the embodiment

[Fig. 6] Flowchart for explaining key press processing of the electronic musical instrument of the embodiment

[Fig. 7] Flowchart for explaining the pressing process of the electronic musical instrument of the embodiment

[Figure 8] Flowchart for explaining timer interrupt processing of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment

[Fig. 9] Flowchart for explaining automatic tremolo processing of the electronic musical instrument of the embodiment

[Figure 10] Graph showing the relationship between the pressing force of the pressure sensor and the amount of bow pressure noise

[Figure 11] Graph showing the relationship between the pressing force of the pressure sensor and the tremolo speed

[Explanation of symbols]

1...tablet, 2...stick, 3...pressure detection circuit,
4...First pressure detection circuit, 5...Second pressure detection circuit, 6
…Position detection circuit, 7…Keyboard, 8…Key switch circuit, 9
...Sound source, 10...Sound system, 11...CPU, 12
...RAM, 13...ROM, 14...timer, 15...bus line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] A physical model of a bowed string type musical instrument,
In an electronic musical instrument equipped with a sound source that generates a musical tone signal by inputting speed data corresponding to the bow speed and pressure data corresponding to the bow pressure of the musical instrument, parameters for changing and controlling the speed data or pressure data are provided. An electronic musical instrument comprising: input means; and musical tone control means for changing and controlling the speed data or pressure data based on the parameters and outputting the same to the sound source.