JPH0426068A - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0426068A JPH0426068A JP2126903A JP12690390A JPH0426068A JP H0426068 A JPH0426068 A JP H0426068A JP 2126903 A JP2126903 A JP 2126903A JP 12690390 A JP12690390 A JP 12690390A JP H0426068 A JPH0426068 A JP H0426068A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- separator
- electrode plates
- gas
- outer plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的］
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、溶融炭酸塩形燃料電池等の燃料電池に関する
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a fuel cell such as a molten carbonate fuel cell.
（従来の技術）
燃料電池（例えば溶融炭酸塩形燃料電池）を構成する単
位電池は、電解質板と、電解質板を挾むようにして配設
される正極と負極の各電極板で構成されている。そして
、単位電池の負極の電極板側に燃料ガス（例えば水素）
を供給すると共に、正極の電極板側に酸化剤ガス（例え
ば空気、二酸化炭素）を供給し、それぞれのガスと電解
質板との間の化学反応によって化学エネルギーを直接電
気エネルギーに変換するものである。このような単位電
池では得られる超電力が低いため、高出力の発電プラン
トを構成するには多数の単位電池を積層してこれらの加
算出力を得る必要があり、この場合各単位電池の間には
導電性のセパレータか介装される。(Prior Art) A unit cell constituting a fuel cell (for example, a molten carbonate fuel cell) is composed of an electrolyte plate and positive and negative electrode plates disposed to sandwich the electrolyte plate. Then, a fuel gas (for example, hydrogen) is placed on the electrode plate side of the negative electrode of the unit cell.
At the same time, an oxidizing gas (e.g., air, carbon dioxide) is supplied to the electrode plate side of the positive electrode, and chemical energy is directly converted into electrical energy through a chemical reaction between each gas and the electrolyte plate. . Since the ultra-power obtained from such unit batteries is low, in order to construct a high-output power generation plant, it is necessary to stack many unit batteries to obtain their combined output. In this case, there is a is interposed with a conductive separator.
第３図は、従来の燃料電池を構成する単位電池の一例を
示す縦断面図である。この図に示すように、この単位電
池２０は、電解質板２１と、電解質板２１の両面の中央
部に配設した負極と正極の各電極板２２．２３と、電解
質板２１、電極板２２．２３の両面に配設したセパレー
タ２４と、電極板２２．２３上に配設した多数の小径貫
通孔２５を有する金属薄板２６と、ガス流路を確保する
ためのガスチャンネル２７とて構成されている。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a unit cell constituting a conventional fuel cell. As shown in this figure, this unit battery 20 includes an electrolyte plate 21, negative and positive electrode plates 22, 23 disposed at the center of both sides of the electrolyte plate 21, the electrolyte plate 21, the electrode plates 22. 23, a thin metal plate 26 having a large number of small-diameter through holes 25 arranged on the electrode plate 22, 23, and a gas channel 27 for ensuring a gas flow path. There is.
セパレータ２４は、中央部のセンタープレート部２４ｍ
とその外周部のエツジ部２４ｂから成り、。The separator 24 has a center plate portion 24m in the center.
and an edge portion 24b on its outer periphery.
エツジ部２４ｂ内に電極板２２．２３、金属薄板２６、
ガスチャネル２７が配設されている。また、セパレータ
２４は、燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスをそれぞれ対応する電極
板２２．２３に供給すると共に、電解質板２１と電極板
２２．２３をガスチャンネル２７を介して適度な面圧で
圧接し接触電気抵抗の増大を防止する役割も負う。Electrode plates 22, 23, metal thin plates 26,
A gas channel 27 is provided. Further, the separator 24 supplies the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to the corresponding electrode plates 22.23, and also presses the electrolyte plate 21 and the electrode plates 22.23 together through the gas channel 27 with an appropriate surface pressure. It also plays a role in preventing increases in electrical resistance.
そして、上記Ｉ、た単位電池２０を複数積層し、各単位
電池２０のガスチャンネル２７、金属薄板２６の小径貫
通孔２５を通して負極の電極板２２に燃料ガスを、正極
の電極板２３に酸化剤ガスをそれぞれ供給することによ
って、化学エネルギーを直接電気エネルギーに変換する
。In the above I, a plurality of unit batteries 20 are stacked, and fuel gas is supplied to the negative electrode plate 22 through the gas channel 27 of each unit battery 20 and the small diameter through hole 25 of the thin metal plate 26, and an oxidizing agent is supplied to the positive electrode plate 23. By supplying gas respectively, chemical energy is directly converted into electrical energy.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
前記したように、従来の燃料電池を構成する単位電池２
０においては、セパレータ２４のセンタープレート部２
４ａとガスチャンネル２７、エツジ部２４ｂと電解質板
２１とがそれぞれ接触する。そして、このような単位電
池２０を複数積層して締イ」けることによって一体化し
ている。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, the unit cell 2 constituting the conventional fuel cell
0, the center plate portion 2 of the separator 24
4a and the gas channel 27, and the edge portion 24b and the electrolyte plate 21 are in contact with each other. A plurality of such unit batteries 20 are stacked and fastened to form a single unit.
しかしながら、この単位電池２０を複数積層して締付は
荷重がセパレータ２４に負荷された場合、電解質板２１
、電極板２２．２３、セパレータ２４のセンタープレー
ト部２４ａ、エツジ部２４ｂの各厚さ方向（図では上下
方向）の寸法精度が良くないと、セパレータ２４のエツ
ジ部２４ｂと電解質板２１間に隙間が生じたり、逆に強
く圧接したりして均一な面圧が作用しない不都合が生じ
る。However, when a plurality of unit batteries 20 are stacked and a load is applied to the separator 24, the electrolyte plate 21
If the dimensional accuracy of the electrode plates 22, 23, the center plate portion 24a, and the edge portion 24b of the separator 24 in the thickness direction (in the vertical direction in the figure) is not good, a gap will form between the edge portion 24b of the separator 24 and the electrolyte plate 21. This may cause the problem that a uniform surface pressure is not applied due to strong pressure contact.
特に、セパレータ２４のセンタープレート部２４８間の
電極板２２．２３とガスチャンネル２７が配設された反
応部が面圧不足の場合には接触電気抵抗が増大し、また
、セパレータ２４のエツジ部２４ｂと電解質板２〕間が
面圧不足の場合にはシール性が劣化することにより、電
池性能の劣化につながる恐れがある。In particular, if the contact pressure between the center plate portion 248 of the separator 24 and the reaction portion where the electrode plate 22.23 and the gas channel 27 are disposed is insufficient, the electrical contact resistance will increase. If there is insufficient surface pressure between the electrolyte plate 2 and the electrolyte plate 2, the sealing performance will deteriorate, which may lead to deterioration of battery performance.
また、厚さ方向の寸法精度の不良によってセパレータ２
４のエツジ部２４ｂと電解質板２］間に隙間があったり
、逆に強く圧接していると、単位電池２０を複数積層し
て締付けた場合に、締付は荷重によって電解質板２１や
電極板２２．２３が破損する恐れがある。In addition, due to poor dimensional accuracy in the thickness direction, the separator 2
If there is a gap between the edge part 24b of 4 and the electrolyte plate 2, or if there is a strong pressure contact between them, when a plurality of unit batteries 20 are stacked and tightened, the load may cause the electrolyte plate 21 and the electrode plate to tighten. 22.23 may be damaged.
また、セパレータ２４のセンタープレート２４ａとガス
チャンネル２７、エツジ部２４ｂと電解質板２１との間
に均一な面圧が作用するようにするには、電解質板２］
、電極板２２．２３、セパレータ２４、金属薄板２６、
ガスチャンネル２７の厚さ方向の寸法精度を厳しく管理
する必要があるので、製造コストが高くなる問題があっ
た。In addition, in order to ensure that uniform surface pressure acts between the center plate 24a of the separator 24 and the gas channel 27, and between the edge portion 24b and the electrolyte plate 21, the electrolyte plate 2]
, electrode plates 22, 23, separator 24, thin metal plate 26,
Since it is necessary to strictly control the dimensional accuracy of the gas channel 27 in the thickness direction, there is a problem in that the manufacturing cost increases.
本発明は上記した課題を解決する目的でなされ、単位電
池を複数積層して締付けた場合に、セパレータと電解質
板、電極板間に作用する面圧の均一化を図り、且つ製造
コストの低減を図ることかできる燃料電池を提供しよう
とするものである。The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when a plurality of unit batteries are stacked and tightened, the surface pressure acting between the separator, electrolyte plate, and electrode plate is made uniform, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. The purpose of this project is to provide a fuel cell that can be used for various purposes.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段）
前記した課題を解決するために本発明は、電解質板を正
極と負極の各電極板で挾んで構成される単位電池を、セ
パレータを介装して複数積層される燃料電池において、
前記セパレータは前記各電極板に接触する外板と、燃料
ガスと酸化剤ガスを分離する中板とを有し、前記外板は
、中央部側に前記各電極板にガスを供給するための小径
貫通孔を複数形成した金属薄板から成ることを特徴とＩ
−でいる。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a unit battery in which an electrolyte plate is sandwiched between a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, and a separator is interposed therebetween. In fuel cells that are stacked in multiple layers,
The separator has an outer plate that contacts each of the electrode plates, and a middle plate that separates fuel gas and oxidant gas, and the outer plate has a central plate for supplying gas to each of the electrode plates. It is characterized by being made of a thin metal plate with a plurality of small diameter through holes.
-I am.
（作用）
本発明によれば、セパ１ノー夕の電極板と接触する外板
を一枚状の金属薄板で形成して、この外板の中央部側に
電極板にガスを供給するための小径貫通孔を複数形成し
たことにより、セパレータの外板の中央部側に形成した
小径貫通孔と外板の縁部（エツジ部）が電極板に段差な
く接触し、面圧の均一化を図ることができる。(Function) According to the present invention, the outer plate in contact with the electrode plate of the separator 1 node is formed of a single thin metal plate, and the outer plate for supplying gas to the electrode plate is provided at the center side of the outer plate. By forming multiple small-diameter through-holes, the small-diameter through-holes formed in the center of the separator's outer plate and the edges of the outer plate contact the electrode plate without any level difference, which equalizes the surface pressure. be able to.
（実施例）
以下、本発明を図示の一実施例に基づいて詳細に説明す
る。(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an illustrated example.
第１図は、本発明に係る燃料電池を構成する単位電池を
示す断面図である。この図に示すように、この単位電池
１では、電解質板２の両面に略同じ大きさの負極と正極
の各電極板３，４が配設され、更にその両面に電解質板
２、電極板３．４より大きいセパレータ５が配設されて
いる。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a unit cell constituting a fuel cell according to the present invention. As shown in this figure, in this unit battery 1, negative and positive electrode plates 3 and 4 of approximately the same size are disposed on both sides of an electrolyte plate 2, and an electrolyte plate 2 and an electrode plate 3 are further disposed on both sides. A separator 5 larger than .4 is provided.
セパレータ５は、金属薄板から成る中板６と外板７で形
成されており、中板６と外板７間の外周部は縁板８を接
合してシールドされ、中板６と外板７内に形成される中
空部９には、ガス通路を確保するためのガスチャンネル
１０が配設されている。The separator 5 is formed of a middle plate 6 and an outer plate 7 made of thin metal plates, and the outer periphery between the middle plate 6 and the outer plate 7 is shielded by joining an edge plate 8. A gas channel 10 for securing a gas passage is provided in a hollow portion 9 formed therein.
セパレータ５の外板７には、中央部に設けた多数の小径
貫通孔１１とその外側のエツジ部１２とが一体に形成さ
れている（第２図参照）。外板７の中央部に設けた多数
の小径貫通孔１１は、エツチングあるいはレーザによっ
て形成されるので、その外側のエツジ部１２に変形等が
生じることはなく、外板７の全面を良好な平面に保つこ
とができる。The outer plate 7 of the separator 5 is integrally formed with a large number of small-diameter through holes 11 provided in the center and an edge portion 12 on the outside thereof (see FIG. 2). Since the large number of small-diameter through holes 11 provided in the center of the outer panel 7 are formed by etching or laser, the outer edge portions 12 are not deformed, and the entire surface of the outer panel 7 is kept in a good flat surface. can be kept.
また、ガスチャンネル１００両端部は、エツジ部１２上
に位置している。Further, both ends of the gas channel 100 are located on the edge portion 12.
尚、第１図に示すように、電極板３．４とセパレータ５
の外板７間に隙間があっても、多数積層して締付けた時
に均一な面圧で圧接することができる。In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the electrode plate 3.4 and the separator 5
Even if there is a gap between the outer plates 7, when a large number of them are stacked and tightened, they can be pressed together with uniform surface pressure.
そして、上記した単位電池ｊを複数積層し締付けること
によって燃料電池が構成され、ガスチャンネル１０、小
径貫通孔１１を通して負極の電極板３に燃料ガスを、正
極の電極板４に酸化剤ガスをそれぞれ供給することによ
って、化学エネルギを直接電気エネルギーに変化する。A fuel cell is constructed by stacking and tightening a plurality of unit cells j described above, and fuel gas is supplied to the negative electrode plate 3 and oxidizing gas to the positive electrode plate 4 through the gas channel 10 and the small diameter through hole 11. By supplying chemical energy directly to electrical energy.
また、第１図および第２図においては、外板７を小径貫
通孔１１が設けられた貫通孔部とエツジ部１２とを一枚
の金属薄板にη形成しているか、上記貫通孔部とエツジ
部１２をそれぞれ別体として複数の金属薄板にて形成し
、それぞれを平面度良く一体的に連結して構成してもよ
く、本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、その他の種
々変形して実施することができる。In addition, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer plate 7 is formed by forming a through-hole portion with a small-diameter through-hole 11 and an edge portion 12 into a single thin metal plate, or the through-hole portion and the edge portion 12 are The edge portions 12 may be formed separately from a plurality of thin metal plates, and these may be integrally connected with each other with good flatness, and the present invention may be modified in various other ways without departing from the gist thereof. It can be implemented by
このように、セパレータ５の外板７に小径貫通孔１１と
エツジ部１２を一体的に形成したことにより外板７と電
極板２，３間に段差（隙間）が生じることがない。よっ
て、小径貫通孔１１とエツジ部１２が電解質板２と略均
−な面圧で圧接するので、締付は荷重によって電解質板
２や電極板３４の破損や、エツジ部１２と電解板２間の
シールド不良を防止することができる。Since the small diameter through hole 11 and the edge portion 12 are integrally formed in the outer plate 7 of the separator 5 in this manner, no step (gap) is generated between the outer plate 7 and the electrode plates 2 and 3. Therefore, since the small-diameter through-hole 11 and the edge portion 12 are in pressure contact with the electrolyte plate 2 with a substantially uniform surface pressure, tightening may prevent damage to the electrolyte plate 2 or electrode plate 34 due to the load, or damage between the edge portion 12 and the electrolyte plate 2. shield failure can be prevented.
［発明の効果］
ら成り中央部側に小径貫通孔を多数形成したセパレータ
の外板により均一な面圧て圧接されるので、複数積層す
る際に締付荷重による電解質板や電極板の破損を防止す
ることができ、しかも、従来のように電解質板、電極板
、小径貫通孔を形成し、た金属薄板、ガスチャンネル、
セパレータの厚さ方向の寸法精度を厳しく管理して均一
な面圧が作用するようにする必要がないので、製造コス
トの低減を図ることができる。[Effects of the Invention] Since the separator outer plate is made of a separator and has many small-diameter through holes formed on the center side, it is pressed with uniform surface pressure, so when stacking multiple separators, damage to the electrolyte plate and electrode plate due to the tightening load is prevented. In addition, it is possible to prevent the formation of electrolyte plates, electrode plates, small diameter through holes, thin metal plates, gas channels,
Since there is no need to strictly control the dimensional accuracy of the separator in the thickness direction to ensure that uniform surface pressure is applied, manufacturing costs can be reduced.
第１図は、本発明に係る燃料電池を構成する単位電池を
示す断面図、第２図は、同単位電池のセパレータの外板
を示す平面図、第３図は、従来の燃料電池を構成する単
位電池を示す断面図である。
］・・・単位電池 ２・・・電解質板３．４・・・
電極板 ５・・・セパレータ６・・・中板
７・・外板
】Ｏ・・・ガスチャンネルFIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a unit cell constituting a fuel cell according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an outer plate of a separator of the same unit cell, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional fuel cell. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a unit battery. ]... Unit battery 2... Electrolyte plate 3.4...
Electrode plate 5... Separator 6... Middle plate
7. Outer plate] O... Gas channel
Claims (4)
れる単位電池を、セパレータを介装して複数積層される
燃料電池において、前記セパレータは前記各電極板に接
触する外板と、燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスを分離する中板と
を有し、前記外板は、中央部側に前記各電極板にガスを
供給するための小径貫通孔を複数形成した金属薄板から
成ることを特徴とする燃料電池。(1) In a fuel cell in which a plurality of unit cells consisting of an electrolyte plate sandwiched between positive and negative electrode plates are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween, the separator is an outer plate that contacts each of the electrode plates. , having a middle plate for separating fuel gas and oxidizing gas, and said outer plate being made of a thin metal plate having a plurality of small-diameter through holes formed in the center side for supplying gas to each of said electrode plates. Characteristic fuel cells.
ドし、この中にガス流路を確保するためのガスチャンネ
ルを配設したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池
。(2) The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the outer circumferential portion between the outer plate and the middle plate of the separator is shielded, and a gas channel for securing a gas flow path is provided in the outer circumferential portion of the separator.
成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。(3) The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the small diameter through hole is formed by etching or laser.
を特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。(4) The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the outer plate is formed of a single thin metal plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2126903A JPH0426068A (en) | 1990-05-18 | 1990-05-18 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2126903A JPH0426068A (en) | 1990-05-18 | 1990-05-18 | Fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0426068A true JPH0426068A (en) | 1992-01-29 |
Family
ID=14946742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2126903A Pending JPH0426068A (en) | 1990-05-18 | 1990-05-18 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0426068A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7049019B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-05-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| CN102618101A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 常州山由帝杉防护材料制造有限公司 | Antifoggant composition and antifog and heat-insulation colored window film formed by composition |
-
1990
- 1990-05-18 JP JP2126903A patent/JPH0426068A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7049019B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-05-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| CN102618101A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 常州山由帝杉防护材料制造有限公司 | Antifoggant composition and antifog and heat-insulation colored window film formed by composition |
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