JPH04237435A - Device for filling soil in nursery container - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently, surely, homogeneously and tightly fill soil in a nursery container incapable of readily, homogeneously and tightly filling the soil due to bridges, etc. CONSTITUTION:In a soil filling device for filling soil (S) in a nursery container (P), placed on a receiving plate (T) and conveyed and filling the container with the soil, a bottomless soil hopper 12 provided on a conveying passage, an agitator 20 installed near the upper part of a receiving inlet 13 of the nursery container (P) in the soil hopper 12 and a vibrator 30 for tapping the back surface of the receiving plate (T) under the agitator 20 are installed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a soil filling device for supplying soil to seedling containers used for transplant cultivation of agricultural products and packing them with soil. This invention relates to a soil filling device for seedling-raising containers, such as containers, in which individual containers are long and narrow and cannot be easily filled with soil uniformly and firmly.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION When individual containers such as paper tube seedling growing containers are long and narrow and are filled with soil using a normal soil filling machine, there are many areas where the density of the soil is sparse due to bridges. Even if the seedlings are raised as is, the seedlings may not grow sufficiently or the soil may come out during transplanting, causing the planted seedlings to wither and die.

[0003] Therefore, as a soil filling device for seedling-raising containers such as paper tube seedling-raising containers, in which the individual containers are elongated and the bridge does not allow for easy and uniform filling of soil,
It is widely used to place soil on a paper tube seedling raising container developed on a protruding plate as a receiving plate of the seedling raising container, and to mechanically move it up and down to compact the soil by the impact of the fall.

[0004] In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-31891 ``Earth packing machine using two-stage vibration'' transports a long and narrow seedling-raising container on a saucer, and transfers the soil from a soil hopper installed above the transport path to the vicinity immediately below the soil delivery section by a belt. A device equipped with a vibrating device that strikes the back side of the saucer is known.

[0005] Furthermore, in a soil block manufacturing device that hardens soil into blocks and grows seedlings in the blocks,
Soil is supplied using a bottomless soil hopper.

[0006]

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In the case where soil is placed on the seedling-raising container and is mechanically moved up and down to compact the soil due to the impact of falling, the container for raising seedlings is placed on a device that applies the impact for a certain period of time. It is difficult to pour soil into the seedling container continuously and fill it with soil.

[0007] In addition, in the case where a vibrating device is provided that hits the back surface of the saucer directly under the soil feeding section by the belt from the soil hopper installed above the conveyance path, the soil can be evenly packed, but the seedling raising container Since only a small amount of the soil's own weight is applied to the soil supplied into the tray, it is not possible to pack it firmly enough using only a vibrating device that hits the back of the tray.

[0008] Furthermore, the method of supplying soil using the bottomless soil hopper is characterized by its simple structure, as it is supplied by the fluidity and dead weight of the soil. However, if each container is long and narrow, such as a paper tube seedling-raising container, it is not possible to pack the soil uniformly and firmly using the bridge using only a bottomless soil hopper.

[0009] The present invention solves the above problems,
To provide a soil packing device that efficiently and reliably packs soil evenly and firmly into seedling-growing containers in which it is difficult to pack soil uniformly and firmly due to bridges, etc., and to dramatically expand transplant cultivation.

0010

[Means for Solving the Problems] The soil filling device of the present invention supplies soil S to the seedling growing container P which is carried on a receiving plate T and packs it with soil. A bottomless soil hopper 12 provided on the route and a soil hopper 1
The apparatus is provided with an agitator 20 provided near the upper part of the receiving port 13 of the seedling-growing container P in the container 2, and a vibrating device 30 that strikes the back surface of the receiving plate T below the agitator 20.

[0011]

[Function] In the present invention, since the bottomless soil hopper 12 is provided on the conveyance path of the seedling growing container P, the soil S supplied to the seedling growing container P is subject to its own weight.

Furthermore, since the agitator 20 is provided near the upper part of the receiving port 13 of the seedling-raising container P in the soil hopper 12, the soil S, which has been flowed into the seedling-growing container P by the agitator 20 and has become high in pressure, can be flowed into the seedling-growing container P without causing bridging. Filled first.

[0013] Furthermore, since the vibration device 30 is provided below the agitator 20 and hits the back surface of the receiving plate T, the vibration increases the fluidity of the soil S filled in the seedling raising container P, which flows by the agitator 20 and increases the pressure. The seedling growing container P is further filled with the soil S that has been drained and the soil S that flows due to the weight of the soil S in the soil hopper 12.

[0014]

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0015] The seedling raising container P is shown as a container made of paper cylinders arranged in an orderly manner so that the seedlings can be separated into individual seedlings. This paper tube seedling raising container P is made by pasting together paper tubes with open tops and bottoms in the shape of a hexagonal prism or square prism when unfolded, in an orderly manner using water-soluble glue. When seedlings are raised by filling the paper tubes with culture soil and sowing, the seedlings grow and become paper tube seedlings.The water-soluble glue gradually dissolves and disappears with watering, and the paper tubes gradually combine with each other as they rot, and when transplanted. It is designed to maintain appropriate connection strength.

[0016] In addition, as a receiving plate on which the seedling raising container P is placed, a projecting plate T is shown which holds the unfolded paper cylinder seedling raising container P and has a large number of conical projections corresponding to the center of each paper cylinder. ing. This protrusion is for providing a depression for sowing seeds in the soil S by inverting the paper tube seedling raising container P after filling it with soil S. This protruding plate T is the soil S
It is made of a slightly hard resin so that it does not easily adhere to the container P, and is rectangular in plan view, which is slightly larger than the paper cylinder seedling container P.

[0017] Next, a soil filling device for supplying soil S to the paper tube seedling growing container P placed on the projecting plate T to pack it therein will be explained.

The soil packing device is provided with a pair of left and right elongated machine frames 1 below the conveyance path of the paper tube seedling growing container P, and the space between the left and right sides of the machine frames 1 is slightly wider than the length of the short side of the protruding plate T. A pair of left and right substrates 2 are provided outside the machine frame 1 on the terminal end side of the conveyance path of the paper tube seedling growing container P. A pair of legs 3 are provided below the pair of left and right substrates 2.

An elongated belt receiver 4, which is slightly shorter than the pair of left and right machine frames 1, is provided between the pair of machine frames 1, and the distance between the belt receivers 4 on the left and right sides is narrower than the length of the short side of the projecting plate T. Both ends of the belt receiver 4 are fixed to the machine frame 1 with support rods 5, and a pair of legs 6 are provided below the belt receiver 4 on the starting end side of the conveyance path of the paper tube seedling growing container P. The earth filling device becomes self-supporting due to the legs 3 and 6.

A rotating shaft 7 is provided horizontally between the pair of machine frames 1 on the front end side of the belt receiver 4, and a pair of pulleys 9 are provided on the shaft 7 at positions corresponding to the pair of belt receivers 4. . Further, a rotating shaft 8 is provided horizontally at the same height as the shaft 7 between the pair of machine frames 1 on the rear end side of the belt receiver 4, and the shaft 8 is located at a position corresponding to the pair of belt receivers 4. A pair of pulleys 10 are provided. A pair of belts 11 is stretched between the pulleys 9 and 10, and the upper side of the belt 11 is connected to the paper cylinder seedling container P.
rotate in the direction of the transport path. Further, the lower surface of the upper side of the belt 11 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the belt receiver 4, and the belt 11
to receive vertical load.

[0021] On the starting end side of this belt 11, there is a protruding plate T.
A paper tube seedling growing container P placed on and held is supplied and conveyed to the terminal end side by the rotation of the belt 11. belt 1
The protrusion plate T is supplied to the protrusion plate T with one of its short sides first. This is used as the transportation route for the paper tube seedling growing container P.

[0022] Paper tube seedling growing container P above the terminal end side of the belt 11
A soil hopper 12 for storing soil S to be supplied to the paper tube seedling growing container P is provided on the conveyance path. The soil hopper 12 has no bottom, and its opening width is approximately the same as the length of the short side of the paper tube seedling growing container P. Soil hopper 12 belt 1
The starting end side of 1 is the receiving port 13 of the paper tube seedling growing container P, and the height of the receiving port 13 is higher than the upper end of the paper tube seedling growing container P placed on the protrusion plate T. In addition, the belt 11 of the soil hopper 12
The terminal end side of the paper tube is the outlet 14 of the paper tube seedling raising container P, and the outlet 1 is
The height of 4 is made slightly higher than the upper end of the paper tube seedling growing container P placed on the protrusion plate T. The top surface of the soil hopper 12 is open and serves as a supply port 15 for the soil S.

An agitator 20 is provided near the top of the receiving port 13 of the paper tube seedling growing container P in the soil hopper 12, and the width of the agitator 20 is approximately the same as the length of the short side of the paper tube seedling growing container P. The agitator 20 has a support shaft 21 installed horizontally between the left and right walls of the soil hopper 12, and the support shaft 21 is a tubular rotating shaft with a length slightly shorter than the width of the soil hopper 12, and the support shaft 21 is directed toward the right in the figure. Rotate it. A large number of plates 22 are attached to the outer periphery of the support shaft 21, and the plates 22 are arranged in two rows in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumference of the support shaft 21. The plates 22 in the same row are installed diagonally in the same direction, and the plates 22 in the opposite direction are installed diagonally in the same direction. Install it diagonally in the opposite direction to the row. In addition, the plate body 2 due to the rotation of the support shaft 21
Soil S in the soil hopper 12 so that the lower end of the rotation trajectory of the outer periphery of the soil S is slightly above the upper end of the paper tube seedling raising container P.
The paper cylinder seedling growing container P is filled with the highly pressurized soil S by causing the soil to flow while swinging in the left and right directions.

A vibrating device 30 for hitting the back surface of the projection plate T is provided in the machine frame 1 below the agitator 20 and below the top surface of the belt 11. The vibrating device 30 includes a pair of cylindrical mallets 31 provided inside the belt 11 and a driving device thereof. The mallet body 31 has its cylindrical core horizontally, and its circumferential direction follows the conveyance path of the paper tube seedling growing container P.The outer periphery of the mallet body 31 has a mountain shape with a high central part, and its tip touches the back surface of the protruding plate T. The outer periphery is made of hard rubber or resin to reduce the sound of hitting, and the core is made of iron to increase weight.

The driving device for the mallet body 31 includes a non-rotating shaft 32 horizontally provided between the machine frame 1, a pair of support arms 33 made of two long and thin plates, and one end of the support arm 33 attached to the shaft 32. The two plates are fitted so that they rotate freely, the other end is in the direction of the starting end of the belt 11, and a pin 34 is fitted between the two plates through a hole provided at that end. Then, the mallet body 31 is placed between the two plates of the support arm 33, and the pin 34 is fitted into the hole of the mallet body 31 to stop it. This allows the mallet body 31 to move vertically by a predetermined distance more than the movement distance of the pin 34.

An operating arm 3 is located below the support arm 33 on the shaft 32 side.
5 is fixedly provided, and the operating arm 35 is rotated about a shaft 32 together with the support arm 33. The operating arm 35 is a substantially triangular plate with a wide upper part when viewed from the side, and the shaft 32 is fitted into the upper part of the plate on the starting end side of the belt 11.

A regulating piece 36 is provided in the lower part of the plate of the operating arm 35 in the direction of the end face toward the starting end of the belt 11, and comes into contact with the end face at a position above the rotation of the support arm 33. A bolt 37 is attached to the regulation piece 36, and the bolt 37 is attached to a regulation piece receiver 38 provided horizontally between the substrates 2, so that the position of the regulation piece 36 in the direction of the transport path of the paper tube seedling growing container P can be adjusted. Fixed to.

When the support arm 33 rotates upward, the lower part of the operating arm 35 comes into contact with the regulating piece 36, and the support arm 33
By regulating the upward rotation and adjusting the position of the regulating piece 36, the upper rotation position of the support arm 33 can be adjusted. The upper rotational position of the support arm 33 is such that the upper end of the support arm 33 is below the upper surface of the belt 11, and the support arm 33 is fitted into the pin 34 of the support arm 33 so as to be able to move vertically by a predetermined distance. The hammer body 31 is positioned so that its upper surface is slightly above the upper surface of the belt 11 when it moves to the uppermost position.

A small hole is provided at the upper end of the belt 11 on the plate of the operating arm 35, and a tension spring 39 is installed below the hole.
will be established. A hook bolt 40 is hooked onto the lower end of the tension spring 39, and the lower end of the hook bolt 40 is attached to a tension spring receiver 41 provided horizontally between the boards 2. By adjusting the vertical position of the hook bolt 40, the tension spring 39 The tension can be adjusted.

A rotating shaft 42 is provided horizontally between the substrates 2 below the regulating piece 36, and a pair of discs 43 are provided outside the operating arm 35 and are fixedly fitted onto the shaft 42. A plurality of rollers 44 are provided at equal intervals near the outer periphery of the inner surface of the disk 43, and the rollers 44 between the pair of disks 43 are located at intermediate positions. In other words, the embodiment shows an example in which four rollers 44 are provided on one disc 43 at intervals of 90 degrees, and the rollers 44 between the pair of discs 43 are provided with a phase difference of 45 degrees. There is. As the shaft 42 rotates to the left in the figure, the roller 44 is brought into contact with the end surface of the lower end of the actuating arm 35 in the direction of the starting end of the belt 11 one after another, and after rotating by a predetermined angle, the lower end of the actuating arm 35 is Make them leave.

When the roller 44 comes into contact with the operating arm 35 due to the rotation of the shaft 42, the lower end of the operating arm 35 rotates toward the end of the belt 11 against the tension of the tension spring 39. The starting end direction of the belt 11 rotates downward, and the mallet body 31 moves downward. When the roller 44 rotates by a predetermined angle, the lower end of the operating arm 35 separates from the roller 44, and the lower end of the operating arm 35 rapidly rotates toward the starting end of the belt 11 due to the tension of the tension spring 39. belt 11
The starting end direction rapidly rotates upward, and the mallet body 31 rapidly moves upward. When the lower part of the actuating arm 35 comes into contact with the regulating piece 36, the rotation of the actuating arm 35 and the support arm 33 suddenly stops, but the hammer body 31 can be moved a predetermined distance above the pin 34 of the support arm 33. Because it is fitted into the hammer body 3
1 moves upward due to inertia and collides with the back surface of the protruding plate T. The mallet 31 that collides with the protruding plate T immediately separates from the back surface of the protruding plate T due to its elasticity, and stops at a position moved a predetermined distance below the pin 34 due to its gravity, so that the protruding plate T is transported by the belt 11. will not hinder.

Further above the end of the belt 11 in the conveying direction of the paper tube seedling growing container P, a rotating shaft 51 is horizontally provided between the substrates 2, A long cylindrical roller 52 is fitted and fixed, and the height of the lower end of the roller 52 is approximately the same as the height of the upper end of the paper tube seedling growing container P conveyed by the belt 11. roller 5
2, a rotating shaft 53 is provided horizontally between the substrates 2, and a cylindrical roller 5 having the same length as the roller 52 is attached to the shaft 53.
4 is fitted and fixed, and the height of the upper end of the roller 54 is approximately the same as the height of the lower end of the protrusion plate T conveyed by the belt 11. The roller 52 rotates to the right in the drawing, the roller 54 rotates to the left in the drawing, and the pair of rollers 52, 54
The circumferential speed of the belt 11 is approximately the same as the rotating speed of the belt 11.

[0033]The height of the soil S supplied by the soil hopper 12 to the paper tube seedling growing container P is
Although it is slightly higher than the upper end of the paper tube seedling growing container P by a predetermined height regulated by the outlet 14 of the projecting plate T, the paper tube seedling growing container P held by it, and the supplied soil S.
is vertically sandwiched between a pair of rollers 52 and 54, and the raised surface of the soil S is pressed down by the rollers 52 and pushed into the paper tube seedling growing container P.

A rotating tubular shaft 55 is provided horizontally between the substrates 2 in the conveying direction of the paper tube seedling growing container P further than the roller 52, and the shaft 55 has a shaft approximately the same length as the short side of the paper tube seedling growing container P. A scraping piece 56, which is a spiral plate in width, is attached, and a number of notches are continuously provided on the outer circumference of the scraping piece 56, and the height of the lower end of the scraping piece 56 is higher than that of the belt. 1
The height is approximately the same as the height of the upper end of the paper tube seedling growing container P transported by No. 1. Below the scraping piece 56, a shaft 57 that rotates between the substrates 2 is installed horizontally, and a cylindrical roller 58 of the same length as the roller 54 is fitted and fixed to the shaft 57, and the height of the upper end of the roller 58 is fixed. The height is approximately the same as the height of the lower end of the protruding plate T conveyed by the belt 11. scraping piece 5
6 rotates in the right direction in the figure, and the roller 58 rotates in the left direction in the figure. is almost the same as

Then, the protruding plate T coming out from the pair of rollers 52 and 54, the paper cylinder seedling container P held thereon, and the supplied soil S are vertically sandwiched between the pair of scraping pieces 56 and the rollers 58. , excess soil S that could not be pushed into the paper cylinder seedling container P by the rollers 52 is scraped off by the scraping piece 5.
It is crushed and dropped by 6.

Next, the operation will be explained.

[0037] The paper tube seedling growing container P is unfolded and held on the protruding plate T.

[0038] Each rotating part of the soil filling device is driven, and the belt 11
A paper tube seedling growing container P placed on a protruding plate T and held on the starting end side is supplied with one of its short sides leading, and is conveyed to the terminal end side by rotation of the belt 11.

[0039] When the leading portion of the paper tube seedling growing container P covers the opening at the bottom of the soil hopper 12, the driving of the soil packing device is temporarily stopped, and after supplying the soil S into the soil hopper 12, it is restarted.

[0040] The paper tube seedling growing container P is equipped with an agitator 20 installed near the upper part of the receiving port 13 in the soil hopper 12.
The soil S, which has become fluid and has a high pressure, is first filled into the paper tube without causing any bridging. In addition, the vibration of the mallet 31 that strikes the back surface of the receiving plate T below the agitator 20 increases the fluidity of the soil S filled in the paper tube of the paper tube seedling raising container P, which flows by the agitator 20 and increases the pressure. The paper cylinder of the paper cylinder seedling raising container P is further filled with the soil S that has been drained and the soil S that flows due to the weight of the soil S in the soil hopper 12.

[0041] Then, the paper tube seedling growing container P that comes out of the soil hopper 12 has the soil S slightly higher than the upper end of the paper tube seedling growing container P by a predetermined height regulated by the discharge port 14 of the soil hopper 12. However, the protruding plate T, the paper tube seedling container P held by it, and the supplied soil S are vertically sandwiched between a pair of rollers 52 and 54, and the raised surface of the soil S is compressed by the roller 52. and pushed into the paper tube seedling raising container P. Next, a pair of rollers 52
, 54 is vertically sandwiched between a pair of scraping pieces 56 and a roller 58.
2, the excess soil S that could not be pushed into the paper tube seedling growing container P is crushed and dropped by the scraping piece 56.

[0042] On the starting end side of the belt 11, paper tube seedling growing containers P placed on and held on the protruding plate T are sequentially supplied and conveyed to the terminal end side. Further, the soil S is sequentially supplied to the soil hopper 12 in an amount greater than enough to cover the agitator 20.

[0043] As described above, it is possible to efficiently and reliably pack soil evenly and firmly into a seedling-raising container such as the paper tube seedling-raising container P, which cannot be easily packed with soil evenly and firmly due to a bridge or the like.

[0044] In the above embodiments, a paper tube seedling growing container P was used as the seedling growing container, but the seedling growing container may also be one made of hardened resin, organic matter, or inorganic material.

Furthermore, although a projection plate T is used as the receiving plate, the receiving plate may be box-shaped or flat plate-shaped.

[0046] Furthermore, the soil is not limited to that obtained from nature, but may also be artificially prepared organic or inorganic substances, or a mixture thereof.

[0047] Also, although the soil hopper is shown as having a bottom that is completely open to the width of the seedling-raising container, if the seedling-raising container has partitions in rows, the soil hopper may have a bottom that matches the partitions. Also good.

Furthermore, although a box-shaped soil hopper is shown, the shape is not limited to this, and a soil conveyor controlled to store a predetermined amount of soil in the soil hopper may be connected to the soil hopper. good.

Further, although the agitator is shown as one that rotates continuously, the agitator may be one that moves back and forth or one that rotates back and forth.

[0050] In addition, although a vibration device using a cylindrical hammer body 31 is shown, it is also possible to use a hammer of a different shape, one that vibrates by rotating an unbalanced weight, or one that vibrates by turning on and off an electromagnet. Anything is fine.

[0051]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the seedling growing container is equipped with an agitator installed near the upper part of the receiving port in the soil hopper.
The flowing and pressurized soil fills first without bridging. Therefore, even if a bottomless soil hopper is used, soil can be packed sufficiently and uniformly.

[0052] In addition, by using a vibration device that hits the back side of the receiving plate below the agitator, the vibration increases the fluidity of the soil filled in the seedling growing container, and the soil that has been fluidized by the agitator and has a high pressure, and the soil that is in the soil hopper. The soil, which flows due to the soil's own weight, is further filled into the seedling growing container. Therefore, it is possible to pack the seedlings more firmly than in the case where only the soil supplied to the container is vibrated.

[0053] Moreover, the soil filling operation can be carried out continuously by simply feeding the seedling growing container placed on the receiving plate onto the conveyance path. Therefore, much more efficient soil compaction is possible compared to the method of placing soil on a seedling growing container and mechanically moving it up and down and compacting the soil by the impact of falling.

As described above, the soil filling device for seedling-raising containers of the present invention can efficiently and reliably pack soil evenly and firmly into seedling-growing containers where it is difficult to pack soil evenly and firmly due to bridges or the like. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of a soil filling device for a seedling-raising container.

FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 in which a receiving plate, a seedling growing container, and soil are supplied.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged partially cutaway view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the operation of the vibration device.

[Explanation of code] 12 Soil hopper 13 Reception entrance 20 Agitator 30 Vibration device P　Paper cylinder seedling container as a seedling growing container S Soil T　Protruding plate as a receiving plate

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A soil filling device for seedling growing containers that supplies soil to and packs soil into seedling growing containers that are carried on a receiving plate, comprising: a bottomless soil hopper provided on a conveying path; This soil filling device is equipped with an agitator installed near the top of the receiving opening of a seedling-raising container, and a vibrating device that strikes the back of the receiving plate below the agitator.