JPH0422912Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A. Purpose of the invention (1) Industrial application field The present invention provides a spindle head device that has a rotatable spindle and is movable back and forth in the axial direction of the spindle and is disposed on a support. and a plurality of tool transfer arms that have gripping means for removably gripping tools and that can be selectively indexed to a tool exchange position set on the axis of the spindle, and also in the forward and backward directions of the spindle head device. an automatic tool changer capable of moving in parallel directions;
The present invention relates to a machine tool including a synchronous interlocking mechanism for synchronously moving a spindle head device and a tool changer when a tool is attached to or removed from the spindle.

(2) Conventional technology Conventionally, such machine tools have been developed, for example, by
It is known from the publication No. 155338.

(3) Problems to be solved by the invention By the way, the above-mentioned conventional synchronous interlocking mechanism is
A dog is provided at a fixed position that can slide against a roller at one end of a crank rotatably supported by a spindle head device, and the other end of the crank can be brought into contact with an automatic tool changer. When the head device is moved, the automatic tool changer is pushed by a crank that rotates by bringing the roller into sliding contact with the dog. In such a synchronous interlocking mechanism, the movement of the spindle head device is transmitted to the automatic tool changer via the crank, so it is difficult to move the spindle head device and the automatic tool changer in complete synchronization. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a machine tool in which a spindle head device and an automatic tool changer are moved in complete synchronization to ensure the attachment and detachment of tools to and from the spindle. purpose.

B. Structure of the invention (1) Means for solving the problem According to the invention, the automatic tool changer can move forward and backward through a guide rod that is fixed to a support parallel to the direction of movement of the spindle head device. The synchronous interlocking mechanism, which is supported and spring-biased inwardly of the guide rod from both sides in the axial direction, allows for a limited range of movement towards and away from the automatic tool changer. A trapezoidal dog is disposed on a support body and is biased by a spring in a direction approaching the spindle head device, and has a flat surface between the front and rear sloped surfaces along the forward and backward direction of the spindle head device, and a trapezoidal dog that is in sliding contact with the dog. It consists of an interlocking piece that is preferably supported by the automatic tool changer, and an interlocking roller that can fit into the interlocking piece and is disposed on the spindle head device. A release lever capable of forcibly releasing the gripping state of the gripping means is rotatably supported, and the support body is configured to come into contact with the release lever and operate the release lever when synchronized with the spindle head device of the automatic tool changer. A cam plate is fixedly installed.

(2) Effect According to the above configuration, when the spindle head device advances or retreats, the interlocking roller fits into the interlocking piece, and while the interlocking piece is in sliding contact with the flat surface of the dog, the automatic tool changer moves the spindle head Move in perfect sync with your device. Moreover, when the interlocking piece is in contact with the inclined surface of the dog, the interlocking piece disengages from the interlocking roller and stops, and the spring force of the spring that biases the automatic tool changer causes the interlocking piece to move against the dog. Since it is pressed against an inclined surface, the dog also functions as a stopper. Moreover, when the automatic tool changer is synchronized with the spindle head device, the release lever is released by the cam plate, and the gripping state of the gripping means at the tool change position is released, so the tool can be reliably attached to and removed from the spindle. It is done.

(3) Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to drawings. First, in FIGS. 1 and 2, this machine tool is, for example, a horizontal NC machine,
A fixed bed 1, a movable table 2 movable on the bed 1 in the horizontal X-axis direction (perpendicular to the plane of the paper in Fig. 1, left-right direction in Fig. 2), and the movable table 2 is installed vertically. A lift table 4 as a support that is movable in the vertical Y-axis direction along the four pillars 3, and a horizontal Z-axis direction (first Left and right direction of the figure,
A spindle head device 5 that is movable in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2 and has a spindle 6 that extends along the Z-axis direction.
and multiple types of tools T to be attached to the spindle 6.
and an automatic tool changer 7 for selectively supplying the tool to a tool change position P set on the axis of the spindle 6 in front of the spindle head device 5.

On the bed 1, a pair of guide rails 8, 8 extending in the It is movable in the axial direction. Moreover, both ends of a ball screw (not shown) that is screwed into the moving table 2 between the guide rails 8, 8 are rotatably supported on the bed 1, and an X-axis drive motor 9 connected to the ball screw is rotatably supported on the bed 1. It is supported and fixed to the side of the bed 1.

The four pillars 3 are erected on the movable table 2 so as to correspond to the respective apex positions of the virtual quadrilateral, and the upper ends of the pillars 3 are connected by a connecting frame 10. Moreover, each pillar 3 has an elevating table 4.
Four guide cylindrical parts 11 provided in the table are slidably fitted, and the elevating table 4 moves up and down along each support column 3. The lower end of a ball screw (not shown) extending vertically is rotatably supported between the columns 3 and 3 on one side of the moving table 2 (the right side in FIG. 2), and the upper end of the ball screw is connected to the connecting frame. The Y-axis drive motor 12 is supported and fixed to the Y-axis drive motor 10 . Moreover, the intermediate portion of the ball screw is screwed into a nut portion 13 provided on the lifting table 4, and the lifting table 4 is moved up and down by the operation of the Y-axis drive motor 12. Furthermore, a telescopic cover 14 that surrounds the ball screw is provided between the Y-axis drive motor 12 and the nut portion 13, and a telescopic cover 15 that surrounds the ball screw is provided between the nut portion 13 and the moving table 2. .

A pair of guide rails 16, 16 are arranged in parallel on the lifting table 4, extending in a horizontal Z-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis. On these guide rails 16, 16, a main body 5a of a spindle head device 5, which has a main shaft 6 rotatable around an axis along the Z-axis direction at the upper front end thereof, is slidably arranged. In addition, the intermediate part of a ball screw (not shown) rotatably supported by the lifting table 4 between the guide rails 16, 16 is screwed into the main body 5a, and the Z-axis drive provided at the rear of the lifting table 4 is connected to the main body 5a. A motor 17 is connected to the ball screw. As a result, the spindle head device 5
is movable in the Z-axis direction.

At the upper front end of the main body 5a of the spindle head device 5, a main shaft 6 having a tool mounting hole (not shown) at the tip is rotatably supported around the Z axis, and a main shaft drive motor provided at the rear of the main body 5a is supported. 18 and the main shaft 6 are connected via a transmission mechanism (not shown) built into the main body 5a.

Each guide cylinder portion 11 in the lifting table 4
At the upper end, support arms 19 which are inclined upward as they go inward are fixedly provided, and two pairs of support arms 19, 19;
The lower end portions of 9 are interconnected by connecting portions 20, 20. Moreover, a pair of front and rear support arms 19,1
9; Guide rods 21, 21 extending parallel to each other along the Z-axis direction are installed between the upper ends of the rods 19, 19, respectively.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 together, the automatic tool changer 7 performs a Z adjustment in a limited range on the side, for example, above the axis of the spindle 6 in the spindle head device 5.
A magazine stand 22 arranged to be movable in the axial direction, and a rotating body 23 supported by the magazine stand 22 so as to be rotatable about an axis that intersects, for example, is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 6, that is, an axis in the Y-axis direction. ,
A drive motor 24 for tool exchange as a drive source is attached to the magazine stand 22 to drive the rotary body 23 through angular displacement, and a tool exchange drive motor 24 is installed at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the rotary body 23 and is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the rotary body 23. A plurality of tool transfer arms 25 are pivotally supported on the main shaft 6, a gripping means 26 is provided at one end of each tool transfer arm 25 to removably grip a plurality of tools T to be attached to the main shaft 6, and A cam mechanism 27 is provided between each tool transport arm 25 and the magazine stand 22 to rotate each tool transport arm 25 in response to angular displacement.

The magazine stand 22 is formed so as to straddle the upper part of the spindle head device 5, and has a pair of guide holes 2 in its lower part for inserting the guide rods 21, 21 therethrough.
8,28 are drilled. Therefore, magazine stand 2
2 is movable in the Z-axis direction along the guide rods 21, 21, and a coil spring 29 that surrounds the guide rod 21 is compressed between the magazine stand 22 and the front support arm 19. Coil springs 30 surrounding the guide rods 21 are compressed between the magazine stand 22 and the rear support arm 19, and the magazine stand 22 is moved by both coil springs 29, 30 when no external force is applied. in the original position where the spring forces of 30 are balanced.

A support member 31 extending upward is fixed to the top of the magazine stand 22, and a tool exchange drive motor 24 is supported and fixed to the top of the support member 31. Further, the rotating body 23 is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the upper part of the magazine stand 22 and the support member 31.
is rotatably supported via a bearing 32. In addition, a driven gear 33 is carved on the outer surface of the upper part of the rotating body 23 over the entire circumference.
A drive gear 34 meshing with the tool exchange drive motor 24 is fixed to an output shaft 35 of the tool exchange drive motor 24. Therefore, depending on the operation of the tool changing drive motor 24, the rotating body 23
will be driven by angular displacement.

The tool transfer arm 25 has support shafts 3 having axes perpendicular to the rotational axis of the rotary body 23 at a plurality of locations, for example, four locations, spaced at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotary body 23.
6, respectively. Moreover, the intermediate portion of the tool transfer arm 25 is supported by the rotating body 23 via a support shaft 36, and a gripping means 26 is provided at one end of each tool transfer arm 25, and the other end of each tool transfer arm 25 is End and magazine stand 2
A cam mechanism 27 is constructed between the two.

Each gripping means 26 has a pair of gripping claws 37, 37 that can be opened and closed in a plane parallel to the axis of the support shaft 36, and is pivotally supported at one end of the tool transport arm 25, and both gripping claws 37, 37 are closed. A spring 39 is provided between the gripping claws 37 and 37 to bias the gripping claws in the direction. Each gripping claw 37, 37 has a tool T between its tips.
These gripping claws 3
The base end portions of 7 and 37 are overlapped with each other to form the support shaft 3.
The tool carrying arm 25 is rotatably attached to one end of the tool carrying arm 25 by shafts 40, 40 having axes perpendicular to the tool carrying arm 6. Further, the spring 39 is compressed between the intermediate portions of both the gripping claws 37, 37. Moreover, both gripping claws 37,3
A pressure receiving part 41 protruding toward the support shaft 36 is provided at the base end of each of the grippers 7, and by pressing the pressure receiving part 41 toward the distal end side of each gripping claw 37, both gripping claws 37, 37 are held together. The gripping claws 37, 37 open against the spring force of the spring 39.

The cam mechanism 27 is located on the opposite side of the tool exchange position P with respect to the axis of the rotating body 23, that is, on the magazine stand 22.
Behind the tool T, the tool transport arm 25, which is in a position where its axis intersects with the axis of the spindle 6, for example, with its axis in the vertical direction, exchanges tools in front of the magazine stand 22 in accordance with the angular displacement of the rotating body 23. Position P
The tool T is configured to be in a coaxial horizontal position in front of the main spindle 6 when the tool T comes to the main shaft 6, and the rollers 42 that are each pivotally supported at the other end of each tool transport arm 25 and the rollers 42 are It consists of a cam groove 43 provided in the magazine stand 22 for rolling.

In FIG. 5, the cam groove 43 is
A groove portion 43a having a center angle α, for example, in the range of 90 degrees at the front portion of the rotor 2, and a groove portion 43a having an arc shape centered on the rotational axis of the rotating body 23 except for the groove portion 43a are connected to each other. The groove portion 43b is formed to open diagonally outward, while the groove portion 43a is formed to open diagonally inward and is connected to both ends of the groove portion 43b. . Due to the shape of the cam groove 43, the roller 42 entering the groove portion 43a from the groove portion 43b
That is, the tool conveyance arm 25 rotates 90 degrees around the support shaft 36, and when the roller 42 is rolling in the groove portion 43b, the gripping means 2
When the roller 42 enters the groove portion 43a, the tool T held by the gripping means 26 is in a position with its axis facing horizontally, whereas the tool T gripped by the gripping means 26 is in a posture with its axis facing in the vertical direction. Change your posture so that Moreover, the tool transport arm 25 and the gripping means 2
6 and the cam mechanism 27 are configured such that the axis of the tool T is at the same level as the axis of the main spindle 6 when the tool T is in a horizontal position.

In FIG. 6, between the coupling parts 20, 20 fixed to the lifting table 4, the magazine stand 22, and the spindle head device 5, the spindle head device 5 and the spindle head device 5 are connected only when the tool T is attached to or removed from the spindle 6. Automatic tool changer 7
A synchronization interlocking mechanism 44 for synchronizing and interlocking the
is provided. This synchronization interlocking mechanism 44 allows the dogs to approach and move away from the magazine stand 22 within a limited range, and is biased in the direction of approaching the magazine stand 22 so that the dogs disposed at the respective connecting portions 20, 20, 45, interlocking pieces 46 which are slidably in contact with the respective dogs 45 and pivotally supported on the magazine stand 22, and interlocking rollers which are respectively engageable with the respective interlocking pieces 46 and are supported on the main body 5a of the spindle head device 5. 47.

The dog 45 is formed into a trapezoidal shape having an inclined surface 48 rising toward the front, a flat surface 49 along the Z-axis direction, and an inclined surface 50 falling toward the front in order from the rear to the front along the Z-axis direction. At the lower part thereof, engaging flanges 51, 51 are provided which extend forward and backward.
On the other hand, rectangular recesses 52 are provided on the upper surfaces of the connecting parts 20 and 20, respectively.
2 includes a rectangular cylindrical holding member 5 having a locking protrusion 53a at its upper end that can be engaged with the engaging flanges 51, 51.
3 are fitted and fixed by screw members 54. The dog 45 is held in the recess 52 by a holding member 53, and the position where it contacts the bottom of the recess 52 and the engagement collars 51, 51 are located at the locking protrusion 5.
It is possible to approach and move away from the magazine stand 22 between the position where it is locked to 3a. Furthermore, a plurality of springs 55 are compressed between the bottom surface of the recess 52 and the dog 45, and the dog 45 is biased in a direction closer to the magazine stand 22 by the spring force of these springs 55.

A triangular supporting protrusion 56 that protrudes downward is provided at the lower end of the magazine stand 22, and an axis in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, that is, the X-axis direction, is attached to the lower end of the supporting protrusion 56. The interlocking piece 46 is rotatably supported by the shaft 57. This interlocking piece 46 is connected to the upper surface of the dog 45, that is, the inclined surface 4
8. It is formed in a rectangular shape having a flat sliding surface 58 that slides on the flat surface 49 and the inclined surface 50,
A semicircular fitting recess 59 into which the interlocking roller 47 can be fitted is provided on the surface opposite to the sliding surface 58 .
Moreover, the support protrusion 56 supports the magazine stand 22 in such a way that the interlocking piece 46 is in contact with the inclined surface 48 of the dog 45 when the magazine stand 22 is at the backward limit.
established in Further, the interlocking roller 47 is rotatably supported on both sides of the main body 5a of the spindle head device 5 so as to fit into the fitting recess 59 of the interlocking piece 46 from the rear side when the spindle head device 5 moves forward.

With particular reference to FIG. 3, between the magazine stand 22 in the automatic tool changer 7 and the connection part 20 in the lifting table 4, there is a connection between the magazine stand 22 in the automatic tool changer 7 and the connecting part 20 in the lifting table 4. Accordingly, a grip release mechanism 60 is provided for releasing the gripping state of the gripping means 26 at the tool exchange position P.

The grip release mechanism 60 has a pressing portion 61a that can come into contact with the pressure receiving portion 41 of the gripping means 60 at one end, and has a roller 62 as a cam follower at the other end, and is pivotally supported on the magazine stand 22. It consists of a pair of release levers 61 and a cam plate 63 which is slidably in contact with the roller 62 and is fixed to the connecting parts 20, 20, respectively. The middle part of the release lever 61 is connected to a shaft 64 having an axis along a horizontal axis perpendicular to the moving direction of the magazine table 22, that is, an axis along the X-axis direction.
It is pivotally supported at the lower part of the magazine stand 22 via. Further, the cam plate 63 has a cam surface 63a at the rear end along the moving direction of the magazine table 22, which is inclined forwardly so as to push the roller 62 upward when the magazine table 22 moves forward. are fixed to the top surface of each. When the roller 62 is pushed upward by sliding on the cam surface 63a, the release lever 61 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. The pressure receiving part 41 of the means 26 is pressed down by the pressing part 61a, the gripping claws 37, 37 are opened against the spring force of the spring 39, and the gripping state of the gripping means 26 is released.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. In response to a workpiece (not shown) fixedly placed in front of this machine tool, the spindle head device 5 is moved along the X-axis and It is operated in the Y-axis direction, and the spindle head device 5 is operated forward in the Z-axis direction while rotating the main shaft 6. At this time, the tool T mounted on the main spindle 6 rotates with the rotation of the main spindle 6, so that the workpiece is machined by the tool T.

When exchanging the tool T to be attached to the spindle 6, the spindle head device 5 is at the backward limit, the rotating body 23 of the automatic tool changer 7 changes its angle, and the tool T is not gripped. The tool transport arm 25 provided with the gripping means 26 located at is indexed to the tool change position P. At this time, the tool transport arm 25 is moved by the cam mechanism 27.
The tool T mounted on the spindle 6 is rotated to the tool exchange position P so that the tool T mounted on the spindle 6 can be grasped by the grasping means 26, and in this state, the spindle head device 5
As the tool T moves forward, the tool T mounted on the main shaft 6 is gripped by the gripping means 26.

That is, when the spindle head device 5 moves forward, the synchronizing interlocking mechanism 44 moves the interlocking roller from the rear side into the fitting recess 59 of the interlocking piece 46 which is in contact with the inclined surface 48 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 47 is fitted. In this fitted state, when the spindle head device 5, that is, the interlocking roller 47 moves forward, the interlocking piece 46 pushes down the dog 45 and moves forward while slidingly contacting the flat surface 49. Therefore, the spindle head device 5 and the magazine stand 22 of the automatic tool changer 7 move forward at the same speed. In response to the forward movement of the magazine stand 22, the release lever 61 of the grip release mechanism 60 moves the cam plate 6
3, the pressing part 61a is rotated by the pressure receiving part 4.
By pressing down the gripping claw 3 of the gripping means 26,
7, 37 is opened. Therefore, the tool T mounted on the main spindle 6 is positioned between the gripping claws 37, 37.

The forward movement of the magazine stand 22 is stopped when the interlocking piece 46 is in contact with the inclined surface 50 of the dog 45.
In this state, the spring 29 moves the interlocking piece 46 to the inclined surface 5.
It is held by being pressed against 1. Then,
When the spindle head device 5 is moved backward, the magazine stand 22 moves backward in synchronization with the spindle head device 5, but in the grip release mechanism 60, the roller 62 separates from the cam surface 63a of the cam plate 63 when the magazine stand 22 moves backward. Therefore, in the gripping means 26, the gripping claws 37, 37 are operated toward the closing side by the spring force of the spring 39, and the tool T is gripped between the both gripping claws 37, 37.

Next, when the rotary body 23 is angularly displaced to bring the tool transport arm 25 equipped with the gripping means 26 that grips the desired tool T to the tool exchange position P, the tool transport arm 25 that has been at the tool exchange position P is moved to the tool exchange position P. The tool transport arm 25 moves from the tool change position P while changing its posture, and the tool transport arm 25 carrying the new tool T is transported to the tool exchange position P. In this state, at the tool exchange position P, the tool T is in a horizontal position coaxial with the spindle 6, and when the spindle head device 5 is moved forward in the same manner as described above, the tool T is inserted into the spindle 6. Then, the gripping state of the gripping means 26 is released. Therefore, when the spindle head device 5 is moved backward, the tool T is moved backward while being attached to the spindle 6, and after the tool T has passed through, the gripping claws 37, 37 of the gripping means 26 are closed.

Thereafter, by driving the rotating body 23 through angular displacement to move the tool transfer arm 25 from the tool change position P, it becomes possible to process the workpiece with the tool T mounted on the main spindle 6.

In such a machine tool, in the automatic tool changer 7, indexing of the tool transfer arm 25 and attitude change of the tool T are performed using a single tool change drive motor 2.
This is achieved by the angular displacement operation of the rotating body 23 by the rotation member 4, and therefore the number of parts can be reduced compared to the conventional system which requires two drive sources. Moreover, when the tool transfer arm 25 is located at a position other than the tool change position P, each tool T is in a posture facing in the vertical direction. By making it smaller, the required space can be reduced.

Further, when the tool T is attached to or removed from the spindle 6, the spindle head device 5 and the magazine stand 22 are moved synchronously only when the interlocking piece 46 in the synchronization interlocking mechanism 44 is in sliding contact with the flat surface 49 of the dog 45. Therefore, synchronized movement of the spindle head device 5 and the magazine stand 22 can be ensured, and since the magazine stand 22 is moved by utilizing the forward motion of the spindle head device 5, an extra drive source is not required. It is.

Furthermore, by the action of the grip release mechanism 60, the gripping state of the gripping means 26 is released when the spindle head device 5 and the magazine stand 22 move synchronously.
The tool T can be smoothly attached to and detached from the main spindle 6 without using an extra drive source.

C. Effects of the invention As described above, according to the invention, the automatic tool changer is supported so as to be movable in advance and retraction on the guide rod that is fixed to the support parallel to the advance and retreat direction of the spindle head device. The synchronous interlocking mechanism is spring-biased from both sides in the axial direction toward the inner side of the automatic tool changer, and the synchronous interlocking mechanism allows movement towards and away from the automatic tool changer within a limited range, and the spring bias is applied in the direction closer to the automatic tool changer. A trapezoidal dog is provided with a flat surface between the front and rear sloped surfaces along the forward and backward direction of the spindle head device, and an automatic tool changer is provided in sliding contact with the dog. It consists of a supported interlocking piece and an interlocking roller that can be fitted into the interlocking piece and is disposed on the spindle head device, so the interlocking roller can be fitted into the interlocking piece of the synchronous interlocking mechanism when the spindle head device advances or retreats. By bringing the interlocking piece into sliding contact with the dog, the spindle head device and the automatic tool changer can be reliably synchronized and interlocked, and the dog can also function as a stopper for the automatic tool changer. be able to.

Furthermore, the automatic tool changer is rotatably supported by a release lever that can forcibly release the gripping state of the gripping means of the tool transfer arm in the tool change position.
A cam plate is fixed to the support for synchronously interlocking with the spindle head device of the automatic tool changer, so that it comes into contact with the release lever to release the lever, so that the cam plate can be synchronously interlocked with the spindle head device of the automatic tool changer. At the same time, the gripping state of a certain gripping means at the tool exchange position is released, and the tool can be reliably attached to and removed from the spindle.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of Figure 3.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 4. 4... Elevating table as a support body, 5... Spindle head device, 6... Spindle, 7... Automatic tool changer, 21... Guide rod, 25... Tool transport arm, 26... Gripping means, 44 ...Synchronization interlocking mechanism,
45... Dog, 46... Interlocking piece, 47... Interlocking roller, 48, 50... Inclined surface, 49... Flat surface, 61... Release lever, 63... Cam plate, P...
...Tool change position, T...Tool.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The tool has a rotatable main shaft, a main shaft head device which is arranged on a support and is movable in the axial direction of the main shaft, and a gripping means for removably holding a tool, and is set on the axis of the main shaft. An automatic tool changer is provided with a plurality of tool transfer arms that can be selectively indexed to tool exchange positions, and is movable in a direction parallel to the advance/retreat direction of a spindle head device. In a machine tool including a synchronous interlocking mechanism for synchronously moving a tool changer, the automatic tool changer is supported so as to be movable in forward and backward directions on a guide rod that is fixed to a support parallel to the forward and backward direction of the spindle head device. The synchronous interlocking mechanism is spring-biased from both axial sides toward the inner side of the guide rod, and the synchronous interlocking mechanism allows for a limited range of movement towards and away from the automatic tool changer. A trapezoidal dog is disposed on a support body and is biased by a spring in the direction of movement of the spindle head device, and has a flat surface between the front and rear sloped surfaces along the forward and backward direction of the spindle head device, and a trapezoidal dog that is in sliding contact with the dog. It consists of an interlocking piece that is supported by the automatic tool changer and an interlocking roller that can be fitted into the interlocking piece and is disposed on the spindle head device. A release lever capable of forcibly releasing the gripping state of the means is rotatably supported, and a cam is provided on the support body for abutting the release lever and operating the release lever when synchronously interlocking with the spindle head device of the automatic tool changer. A machine tool characterized by a fixed plate.