JPH0422440A - Dust collector of grain corporative drying facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To inexpensively and perfectly collect dust by providing grain polishers for removing rachis-branches, aristae or lemmas of almost all of received grain to respective receiving, rough sorting, drying, hulling and delivery processes. CONSTITUTION:In grain corporative drying facilities consisting of receiving, rough sorting, drying, hulling and delivery processes and equipped with a dust collector collecting dust generated in these processes, grain polishers 14A-14F for removing rachis-branches, aristae or lemmas of almost all of received grain are provided to either one of or two or the respective pocesses or between arbitrary processes. By this constitution, the dust generated in the post-process of said grain polishers is extremely reduced and, even if the dust collecting efficiency of a wet dust collector is 95% as same as conventional one, the amount of 5% scattering to the circumference becomes very little.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a grain communal drying facility such as a rice center or a country elm, and more particularly to a dust collection device for a grain communal drying facility.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in joint drying facilities for rice, wheat, and other grains, in order to collect large amounts of dust generated from receiving to shipping, the main sources of dust such as receiving, rough sorting, drying, hulling, shipping, etc. Various processing equipment installed in each process as well as buckets that connect these equipment) and transport equipment such as elevators and flow conveyors can be directly connected to dust collection ducts,
Alternatively, each process unit is surrounded by a partition wall to form a nearly airtight room, and the dust in this room is collected by air transporting the dust centrally to one or several locations using ducts. Ta.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, the dust generated in the grain drying facility consists of 501,601 rice and wheat branches, 502, 502,
602 and especially the outer shell surface of rice grains (PALEA)
It is mainly composed of hair, which exists in countless numbers (see Figure 1 and Figure 1).
``These are mixed in the grain in a finely crushed state, and are blown up and scattered around during transportation, wind selection, and hot air drying. Therefore, as described above, each device or each process (unit) is intensively transported along with the atmosphere through ducts, and dust is collected using one or more large dust collectors installed outdoors. There are dry type dust collectors such as cyclone collectors, but this type of dust is very lightweight and has a large air volume, so it is difficult to separate it from the air, so wet type dust collectors are used in most facilities. The current situation is that However, even wet dust collectors that are normally used do not have 100% dust collection efficiency due to economic constraints, and about 5% of the dust is scattered around the facility, causing pollution problems. ing. By the way, in a 2,000 t class country elevator, at least about 400 kg of dust (excluding coarse garbage) is generated per 1 ['', so about 20 kg of that dust is scattered. In addition, the dust collected by showers remains wet forever and does not dry out, turning into sludge over time and cannot be incinerated or otherwise disposed of.The only way is to dispose of it in the mountains, which takes time and money. Additionally, in the past, an awn removal machine was installed to remove awns and stems during the selection and delivery process, but this machine
It processes only the handful of stalks and awned grains that have been sorted by a shaking sorter, etc., and is not intended for whole grains, nor is it intended for heat treatment or dust collection. In view of the above points, the technical object of the present invention is to provide a dust collector for a grain communal drying facility that can perform more complete dust collection at the lowest possible cost.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a grain communal drying facility, that is, a rice center, which consists of each process of receiving, rough sorting, drying, hulling, and shipping, and is equipped with a device to collect the dust generated in these processes. etc., a grain grinding machine is installed in any one or more of the above steps, or between any steps, to remove the stalks, awns, glumes, etc. of almost all the grains received. It is something. The above-mentioned grain grinding machine consists of each process of receiving and rough sorting, pre-drying and storage, drying, silo storage, sorting and selling, and hulling and shipping, and is equipped with a device to collect the dust generated during these processes. A similar arrangement is provided in a shared grain drying facility, i.e. a country elevator. The above-mentioned grain grinding machine consists of at least each process of receiving, rough sorting, drying, and hulling/shipping, and is installed in a grain common drying facility, i.e., a rice center or a country elevator, which is equipped with a device to collect the dust generated from these processes. , is provided in a step before the drying step or between the steps. The above-mentioned grain grinding machine consists of at least each process of receiving, rough selection and drying, hulling, and shipping, and is installed in a grain common drying facility, that is, a rice center or a country elevator, which is equipped with a device to collect dust generated from these processes. , is provided in the preceding stage of equipment having an air blower in each of the above steps. Further, it is effective to connect a dust collector to the grain grinding machine, in addition to a dust collector that collects dust generated by a device other than the grain grinder. The above-mentioned grain grinding machine has a grinding trochanter rotatably installed in a perforated wall cylinder whose one end communicates with the supply section and the other end communicates with the discharge section,
It is preferable to form a gap between the polishing trochanter and the porous wall cylinder in the polishing chamber. A rice removal rate detector is provided in each of the supply section and the discharge section of the grain grinder, and a movable pressing lid is attached to the discharge port,
A control device is provided to reduce the degree of pressing of the pressing lid when the removal rate of the rice in the discharge section increases by more than a certain level compared to that in the supply section. Furthermore, the feeding section of the grain grinding machine is equipped with a grain humidifying device consisting of a humid air generator and a moisture detector for detecting the moisture content of the grain, and the moisture content of the grain measured by the moisture detector is If it is smaller than the standard value, increase the humidification amount,
In addition, a control device is provided to stop humidification when the humidity is greater than the reference value. In addition, a movable pressure lid is attached to the outlet of the grain grinder, and a moisture detector is installed in the feed section to detect the moisture content of the grain, and the moisture content of the grain measured by this moisture detector is the standard value. A control device is provided to reduce the degree of pressure of the press lid when the value is smaller than the reference value, and to increase the degree of pressure when it is larger than the reference value.

[Action and effect]

The grain grinding machine installed in one or more of the processes of the rice center, which consists of receiving, rough sorting, drying, hulling, and shipping, or any process between them, handles almost all the received grain. The grains are fed, and most of the awns, stalks, outer glumes, etc. on the outer shell of the grains are forcibly removed by the grain grinding action of the grain grinder. As a result, the dust generated in the post-process of the grain grinder is extremely reduced, the amount of dust that is finally processed by the wet dust collector, etc., is reduced, and the dust collection efficiency of the wet dust collector, etc. is improved. Even if it were 95% as before, the amount of 5% scattered around would be extremely small. Similarly to the above, in the country elevator, which consists of each process of receiving and rough sorting, pre-drying and storage, drying, silo storage, sorting and selling, and hulling and shipping, waste is not ultimately collected and scattered around. The amount of dust will be extremely small. In addition, by installing a grain grinder before the drying process of the rice center or country elevator, it is possible to remove the outer glumes, awns, and branches of most grains in the process before the drying process where dust is likely to be generated. Forcibly remove stems, etc. As a result, in the post-drying process in which the entire outer shell becomes brittle and dust is likely to be generated, the amount of dust is small because most of the outer glumes, awns, and stems are removed. Therefore, the air volume for dust collection in the post-drying process can be reduced, making it possible to downsize the final wet type dust collector, etc., and even with dry type dust collectors, the air volume is relatively small, making it possible to separate dust from air. is easy to do. Equipment with air blowers for each process of rice centers or country elevators, such as rough sorters, receiving tanks, dryers,
A grain grinder is installed before the wind sorter and huller in the selection process.
Most of the stems and stems are removed before the grain is fed to these machines.
Forcibly remove awns, outer glumes, etc. As a result, branches and stems are removed immediately before, or immediately before, equipment equipped with air blowers, which generates a large amount of dust, reducing the amount of dust generated from these equipment, and as mentioned above, the final wet This has the effect that dust collectors and the like can be downsized. In addition, when a grain grinding machine is installed before the hulling machine, the amount of wear on the rolls is reduced by supplying the grains (husks) from which the outer glumes, etc. have been removed, between the dehulling rolls. There is a secondary effect. Further, a dust collector separate from the dust collector that collects the dust generated in each process is connected to the grain grinder, and the dense dust-containing air is collected by a dry dust collector or the like using a relatively small amount of air. As a result, a large amount of dust removed by the grain grinder can be efficiently collected by a dedicated dust collector, and even if the dust collection efficiency of the dust collector for each process that requires a large air volume is the same as before, The amount of dust that is scattered without being collected becomes very small, and as a result, the overall dust collection efficiency is improved. The grains supplied into the polishing chamber formed in the gap between the porous wall cylinder and the polishing trochanter are agitated by the rotating polishing trochanter, and the grains are mixed between particles, between particles and the porous wall cylinder, or between the particles and the polishing trochanter. External glumes, awns, ramus, etc. are removed by friction, and these leak out from the holes in the porous wall tube. In this way, by stirring the grains in the polishing chamber with the polishing trochanter, sources of dust such as outer glumes can be easily removed. Then, the dehulling rate detectors installed in the supply section and the discharge section of the grain grinder measure the dehulling rate before and after receiving the polishing action, and the control device determines the dehulling rate at the discharge section. When the pressure increases by more than a certain level than that in the supply section, the pressure of the movable pressure lid provided at the discharge port is reduced. Thereby, even if the raw material is easily descaled, accidents such as deweighing can be prevented. Furthermore, a moisture detector installed in the feed section of the grain grinder measures the moisture content of the raw material grains to be fed, and if this measured value is lower than a predetermined reference value, the control device A humidifying device consisting of a wind generator performs a certain amount of humidification on the outer grain shell, and when the humidity exceeds the reference value, the humidification is stopped. Thereby, it is possible to humidify a certain amount of grains that are too dry and easily dehulled, and to prevent the occurrence of descaled grains during polishing. Further, when the measured value of the moisture detector is smaller than a predetermined reference value, the control device reduces the pressure level of the movable pressing lid, and when it is larger than the reference value,
It works to increase the degree of pressure. As a result, as mentioned above, when the raw material is too dry and easily de-hulled, the pressure of the press lid is reduced to prevent the occurrence of de-weighed granules, and conversely, when the raw material has high moisture content that is difficult to de-hull, By increasing the degree of pressure, outer hair, etc. can be removed more completely.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a cargo receiving unit, and the cargo receiving unit 1 consists of a rough sorter 2 and a weighing machine 3 provided below this, and further includes tensioning devices 4A, 4B and a rough sorter 2. A communicating elevator 5 and an elevator 6 communicating with the discharge section of the weighing machine 3 are installed upright. The elevator 6 connects cargo receiving tanks IOA to I via an elevator 7, a flow conveyor 8A, and a two-way switching valve (automatic) 9A.
OD will be contacted. The receiving tanks 1.0A to 1.0D are equipped with blowers 11A to 1.0D for preliminary drying. IDs are connected to each other. The receiving tanks 10A to IOD are connected to a grain grinding machine 14 via a transport flow conveyor 12A and an elevator 13 installed horizontally below the receiving tanks 10A to IOD. As will be detailed later, a cyclone 16 is connected to the grain grinder 14 via a fan 15, and a bag filter 17 is connected to the exhaust port of the cyclone 16.
Attach. Below the grain grinder 14, a downstream type dryer 19 body is provided via a tank 18, and a combustion furnace 20 and a blower 21 for generating hot air for drying are also provided. The discharge section of the dryer 19 is connected to the grain grinder 14 via the elevator 22 and the two-way switching valve 23, so that the grains that have passed through the grain grinder 14 are sent through the dryer 19 and ground again. Machine 14 and dryer 19
A circulation path is formed that passes through the The other outlet of the two-way switching valve 23 is formed in the gap between the main silos 26A to 26G for storage via a wind separator 24 for dust removal and a flow conveyor 25A for carrying in horizontally installed above the silo group. Gap silos 27A to 27C
and the above-mentioned receiving tank 10A via the flow conveyor 8Bl' two-way switching valve 9B...
I have also contacted ~10D. The gap silos 27A to 27C are connected to the communication flow conveyor 28.
A to 28C and two-way switching valves 29A to 29C are connected to the flow conveyors 12A and 1.2 for carrying out horizontally installed below the switching valves 29A to 29C.
B will be contacted. In addition, the flow conveyor 25A for carrying in is the main silo 26.
A to 26G are also connected, and the lower ends of the main silos 266A to 26G are connected to discharge flow conveyors 12A and 12B via communication flow conveyors 28A to 28D and two-way switching valves 29A to 29G as appropriate. As mentioned above, one of the flow conveyors 12A for carrying out is connected to the drying process which leads to the dryer 19 via the elevator 13, and the other flow conveyor 12B for carrying out is connected to the drying process that leads to the dryer 19 through the elevator 13.
The rice hulling unit 30 is contacted. That is, the elevator 31 connected to the discharge flow conveyor 12B is connected to the wind sorter 34 via the two-way switching valve 32, 33, and then to the swing sorter 36 via the elevator 35. The purpose of the oscillating sorter 36 is to remove scales during the sorting process.
The purpose is to remove grains and to sort paddy and brown rice in the hulling process, and the inclined upper side discharge port of the inclined sorting board is connected to the brown rice conveyor 37, and the lower side discharge port is connected to the paddy conveyor 38. The intermediate outlets are each connected to a conveyor 39 for mixed rice. The brown rice conveyor 37 is connected via an elevator 40 to a grain sorter 41A consisting of a rotating polygonal tube sorting net. 43 and an elevator 44 to a pot hole type rotary sorter 45, and further,
The pot-and-hole rotary sorter 45 is connected to a de-scaled granule receiving box 46 and an elevator 47, and the elevator 47 is connected to a two-way switching valve 48 and an elevator 4.
9. Connected to the loading flow conveyor 25B via the weighing machine 50, the elevator 51, the two-way switching valve 52, and the elevator 53,
The silos are formed to return the unscaled grains and separated paddy to the main silos 26A to 26G. On the other hand, the sorting cylinder discharge section of the grain sorter 4]A is connected to the main size 26 via the two-way switching valve 60, the elevator 47, the two-way switching valve 48, the elevator 49, the weighing machine 50, etc.
It is formed so as to return to A to 26G. The conveyor 38 for paddy below the oscillating sorter 36 has conventionally been used for so-called husk grains with awns and husk. Disembarkation 54 and two L1 switching valves 55.56
is connected to the awn removal machine 57 via the awn removal machine 57, and the awn removal machine 57 further includes:
It is connected to the flow conveyor 25B for carrying in via the elevator 31, the two-way switching valve 32, and the elevator 53, and is designed to prevent the grains from which awns have been removed from returning to the main silos 26A to 26G. Because of the grain machine 14, there are almost no branch grains, etc., so this line is virtually unnecessary. The mixed rice conveyor 39 connected to the discharge part of the huller 80 includes an elevator 47, a two-way switching valve 48, an elevator 49, and a weighing machine 5.
0, Elevator 51, 2] It is connected to the carry-in flow conveyor 25B via the switching valve 52 and the elevator 53, and is configured to return the sorted particles into the main silos 26A to 26G. The huller 80 is connected to the weighing machine 50 via the Niro switching valve 79, 52 and the elevator 51. The other outlet of the two-way switching valve 56, which connects one outlet to the dehulling machine 57, is connected to a different kind of grain sorting unit 59 consisting of a small dehulling and sorting device 58. Next, the shipping process will be explained. Brown rice conveyor 37
is an elevator 40 and a grain sorter 41A. 41B and two-way switching valve 42.60 to remove stone grain sorter 6
1, and the discharge section of the grain sorting machine 61 is connected to the elevator 62.
, a weighing machine 63, an elevator 64, and a two-way switching valve 65 so as to be fed into a bulk shipping tank 66 or a flexible container 67. Furthermore, the discharge port of the bulk shipping tank 66 is connected to a weighing and packaging machine 68 for packaging small bags, a sewing machine 69, an elevator 70, and a two-way switching valve 71 to a grain transfer vehicle 72 on a truck berth.
will be contacted. Next, the duct piping for dust collection will be explained. Outside the building, there is a wet dust collector 78 which is equipped with a supply lower 2, a discharge lower 4, and a shower nozzle 75, and below which a water washing tank 76 and a sludge conveyor 77 are provided.
will be installed. Further, the supply lower 3 is systematically provided with duct piping, as shown by the symbols with circles and dotted lines in the figure. In other words, the duct ■ allows the entire receiving unit 1 and the tensioning devices 4A, 4B to have an air volume of 45 m'/min, and the coarse sorter 2 of the receiving unit 1 has an air volume of 1 ftom' through the duct ■.
/Win. The wind sorting section of the different grain sorting unit 59 is connected to a duct ■ with an air volume of 40 m'/min, and a receiving tank 10A.
~10D is an air volume of 120 m'/fflin (D
The tanks for the weighing machine 50, the elevator 51, and the different grain sorting unit 59 are connected to the duct ■, which has an air volume of 150 m'/min, and the flow conveyors 25A and 25B for carrying in the main silos 26A to 26G1, and the receiving tanks 10A to IOD are connected to the duct ■. Flow conveyor 8A, 8B. The tanks of elevators 7, 31.53 and wind selector 34 have an air volume of 8
The pair of air passages of the wind selector 34 are connected to the duct ■ with an air volume of 120 m'/min, and the wind selector 24 in the front process of the flow conveyor 25A for carrying in is connected to the wind ff1HIT.
Flow conveyor 1 for carrying out is installed in the duct ■ of l'/+nin.
2A, 12B and communication flow conveyor 28A to 28
D is a duct ■ with an air volume of 36 m'/min, and the weighing machine 63 and elevator 64.70 in the shipping process have an air volume of 30 m'/min.
The dryer 19, tank 18 and elevator 13.22 in the drying process are connected to the duct 0 with an air volume of 85 m'/min, and the huller 80 is connected to the rice husk storage 81 through the duct O with an air volume of 16 m3/ff+in. Same <16m'/
The duct ■ with an air flow rate of 200 m'/min, and the entire selection/hulling unit 30 are connected to the duct ■ with an air volume of 200 m'/min.
The terminal end of each duct is connected to the supply lower 3 of the wet dust collector 78. The above is an example in which the grain grinder 14 is installed before the dryer 14 in the drying process. The stirring type grain grinder 14A shown in FIG. 2 will be described below. The hollow main shaft 134 with one end open is connected to the porous wall dust removal tube 1.
33, and a hollow main shaft 334.
A grain feeding trochanter 144 and a polishing trochanter 137 are attached to the shaft. The porous wall dust removal cylinder 133 is a cylinder or a polygonal cylinder made of a perforated plate having a large number of holes to prevent grains from leaking out. Child 1
37 is hollow and communicates with a ventilation hole 138 provided in the hollow main shaft 134. Furthermore, one or more stirring protrusions 135 are provided on the circumferential surface protruding in the elongated direction, and the stirring protrusion 1
A blow hole 136 is formed along 35, and a polishing chamber 139 is formed between the polishing rotor 137 and the porous wall dust removal cylinder 133. Then, a supply port 140 is provided on the side of the grain feeder 144, and a feed port 140 is provided on the grain feeder 144 side.
7, a discharge port 141 is formed at each end, and a supply hopper 132 is provided connected to the supply port 140;
A discharge gutter 160 is provided connected to the discharge port], 4], and a pressure lid 143 whose degree of pressure can be adjusted by a pressure lid adjustment device 142 is attached to the discharge port 141. As the press lid adjustment device 142, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-277
As disclosed in No. 76 (see Figure 5), Case 16
3, a weight 165 is mounted so as to be laterally movable by a screw shaft 164 and a detent 167, and the screw shaft 164
is formed by being directly connected to a forward/reverse rotation motor 162 connected to a control device 161 (see FIG. 4). The control device 161 includes an input/output signal processing device 161a, a storage device 161b, and an arithmetic device 161C, and a moisture detector 166 attached to the supply hopper 132 or the funnel portion below it is connected to the input/output signal processing device 161a. As the moisture detector 166, for example, an electric resistance type, a capacitance type, or the like is appropriately adopted. Around the porous-walled bran removal cylinder 133, there is an airtight dust collection chamber 14.
5, and its lower part serves as a dust collecting hopper 146. The lower end of the dust collection hopper 146 is connected to the fan 1 by a duct 147.
The outlet of the fan 15 is connected to the air supply port of duct 1.
48 to the cyclone 16. Further, as a grain humidifying device, a two-fluid nozzle 149 is provided at the open end of the hollow main shaft 134, and the two-fluid nozzle 14
9 is connected to the water tank 15 via a water pipe 157, a solenoid valve 153, a flow meter 154, and a flow rate control valve 155.
6, and the other side is connected to the air pipe 150 and the air filter 1.
It is connected to an air compressor 152 via 51. Also,
The flow rate control valve 155 is connected to a control device 161, and when the detected value of the moisture detector 166 is larger than a reference moisture value preset in the storage device 161b, for example, 22 to 24%, the flow rate is set to 0 and only the wind is turned on. When the flow rate is less than 22%, the flow rate is controlled to 120%, and in addition to this, the press lid adjusting device 142 is also controlled in conjunction with this. That is, when the reference value is exceeded, the pressing degree is set to 120%, and when it is less than this, the weight 165 is moved laterally by the motor 162 and the screw shaft 164 so that the pressing degree is 80%. Hereinafter, specific operations in the above embodiment will be explained. The grains (raw paddy) put into the tensioning device 4A or 4B are
It is supplied to the coarse sorter 2 via the elevator 5, and comparatively large foreign matter (coarse garbage) such as ears and straw waste are sorted and stored in a garbage container 2A and immature grains in an immature grain receiving box 2B. be done. The paddy from which impurities and immature grains have been removed is supplied to the weighing machine 3 and weighed, and then conveyed via the elevator 6゜7 and the flow conveyor 8A.
. . into appropriate receiving tanks IOA to IOD. The rice temporarily stored in the receiving tanks IOA to IOD is prevented from deteriorating in quality by being ventilated by the blowers 11A to 11D. When a suitable amount of rice is loaded into the receiving tanks 1.0A to 10D, it sequentially flows out from the discharge port onto the flow conveyor 12A for carrying out, passes through the elevator 13, and reaches the rice polisher 14A. In the rice polishing machine 14A (see Figure 2), the supply hopper 1
While detecting the moisture content of the raw paddy fed into the polishing chamber 139 using a moisture detector 166, the raw paddy is fed into the polishing chamber 139 by a grain feeding rotor 144. The polishing chamber 13 receives resistance from the pressing lid 143.
9 becomes a moderate pressure, and the stirring protrusion 1 of the polishing trochanter 137
35, a frictional force is generated between the rice grains or between the rice grains and the porous wall dust removal tube 33, and the outer glumes and awns on the surface of the rice grains are removed. At this time, the moisture detector 166
If the detected value is larger than the reference moisture value of 22 to 24%, for example 30%, the flow rate control valve 155 is closed to only blow air, and the pressure level of the pressure lid adjustment device 142 is increased to 120%. Or increase it proportionally to effectively remove the external glume. Conversely, if the detected value is less than the reference value, the humidification amount is increased by 120% and the pressing degree is increased to 80% so as not to cause unscaled particles. Note that the amount of humidification at this time is just enough to moisten the outer shell of the grain and not to penetrate into the endosperm. Further, in relation to moisture, control may be performed using only either the pressure degree or the humidification amount. In this way, the outer glumes, awns, etc. that are easily separated from the outer shell of the rice grains due to the air being blown into the polishing chamber] 39 leak out from the porous part of the porous wall dust removal tube 133, and are transferred to the dust collection hopper 146 by the suction force of the fan 15. At the same time, it reaches the cyclone 16 through the duct 148 as a dense dust-laden wind. Since the air volume of the fan 15 is relatively small, the dust is easily separated from the air, the glumes and awns fall downward and are stored in a garbage collection box, etc., and the air is discharged upward from the discharge port. Ru. Note that a small amount of dust contained in this exhaust air is removed by bag filter 1.
Collected by 7. Furthermore, by humidifying the surface of rice that has dried to a certain level, the outer glumes become relatively heavy, making it easier to separate them from the air. The rice that has passed through the grain grinder 14A flows down in the dryer 19 and is exposed to hot air from the combustion furnace 20 and the blower 21 to remove moisture from the surface of the rice husks. At this time, the rice grains from which the outer glumes and awns have been removed by the polisher 14A contain relatively little dust even when exposed to hot air, and the amount of dust transported to the wet dust collector 78 via the duct 0 is also extremely small. The paddy that has passed through the dryer 19 and whose chaff has been dried to some extent is transferred to the empty gap silos 27A to 27A by the elevator 22 and the flow conveyor 25A for carrying in.
It is put into 27C. While the brown rice is left in the gap silos 27A to 27C for several hours, the moisture in the brown rice transfers to the rice husks and is balanced and tempered. After passing through the dryer 19, the paddy is fed into a dryer 19, subjected to a drying action, and then transported to the interstitial silos 27A to 27C. This process is repeated multiple times. And receiving unit 1,
As in the receiving tanks IOA to IOD and each transport process, dust generated in the tank 18 and dryer 19 is sent to the wet dust collector 78 through each duct, and is washed with water by a shower from the nozzle 75. The paddy falls into the tank 76 and is collected by the sludge conveyor 77, but the paddy that reaches the dryer 19 passes through the grain grinder 14A many times each time it is dried, and is forcibly removed from the hulls, awns, etc. Since branches and stems are removed, the amount of dust sent from each duct to the wet dust collector 78 is greatly reduced. Therefore, the amount of sludge-like dust collected by the sludge conveyor 77 is extremely small and can be easily disposed of, and the amount of dust that cannot be collected and is scattered around is extremely small. Drying is carried out in this way, and the moisture that does not change the quality of the paddy, for example, 18
%, they are put into the silos 26A to 26G and stored until the end of the receiving period during the harvest season. When the receiving period ends, the paddy in each of the main silos 26A to 26G is sequentially discharged, passes through the grain grinder 14A again, and undergoes a drying action by the dryer 19, and is then removed from the gap silos 27A to 27C.
It is repeatedly subjected to the refining action of , and is dried to a concentration of, for example, 16%. At this time, since the drying of the paddy has progressed to some extent, the wet air from the two-fluid nozzle 149 effectively works for the polishing action of the grain grinder 1.4A and the classification action of the cyclone 16. Once drying is complete, the finished paddy goes through a selection process and is sold to the government. That is, the paddy flowing out from the discharge ports of the main silos 26A to 26G containing the required paddy is sent to the Nilo switching valve 29 through the flow conveyor 12B1 for carrying out 29G1 and the elevator 31 and the Nilo switching valve 32, 33. After being supplied to a machine 34 and screened, it is supplied to a swinging sorter 36 via an elevator 35 in order to remove unscaled grains (brown rice) contained in rice. The paddy fed into the supply hopper of the shaking sorter 35 is subjected to shaking action, and the unscaled grains with a relatively high specific gravity are swayed to the upper side of the slope by the rough surface of the sorting plate, and the grains with a relatively low specific gravity are swayed to the upper side of the slope. The kernels flow to the lower side of the slope while floating above the scaled grains and the paddy, and the bulk of the paddy forms a layer flowing in the middle of these. Then, the descaled grain layer falls to the paddy/brown rice conveyor 37 and is fed into the grain sorter 41A via the elevator 40, and only the descaled grains leak out from the sorting cylinder and are transferred to the two-way switching valve 4.
2 and stored in the immature grain receiving box 43, and on the other hand, the undegraded paddy is sent to the swinging sorter 36 again via the elevator 47 etc.
be returned to. This de-weighed grain is unnecessary when it is sold as paddy to the government, and moreover, it has been passed through the dryer 19 many times and has suffered damage such as shell cracking, so it is discarded. Furthermore, due to the grain grinding machine 14A, there are almost no branch grains,
In the event that some grains are present, they will fall from the lower side of the slope into the hulling conveyor 38 and will be transported to the hulling machine 5 via the elevator 54 etc.
7 to remove the branches and stems, the product is returned to the main silos 26A to 26G as products via elevators 31, 53, etc. On the other hand, compared to the unscaled grains and branch grains, a large amount of sized rice falls onto the mixed rice conveyor 39, passes through the elevator 4749, and then passes through the weighing machine 5.
After being weighed at 0, the rice is transferred to the main silos 26A to 26A as government-sold rice via the elevator 51 and the flow conveyor 25B.
It will be sealed and stored at 26G. In this selection process as well, dust is collected by the wet dust collector 78 through ducts from each device and conveyor, but since the grain passes through the grinder 14A many times during the drying process, dust is generated. are extremely rare. When the paddy stored in the main silos 26A to 26G in this way is then shipped through the hulling process, the main silos 26A to 26G are
Flow conveyor 1 for carrying out government light crossings from 6A to 26G
After being supplied to the weighing machine 50 via the elevator 2B and the elevator 31 for weighing, it is supplied to the hulling machine 80 via the elevator 51 and the like. The milled rice (mixed grains) from which 80 to 90% of the hulled rice has been dehulled by the dehulling rolls of the huller 80 is supplied to the oscillating sorter 36 via the mixed rice layer conveyor 39, the elevator 47, and the two-way switching valve 48. is put into the tank. Then, the rice is evenly supplied to each sorting board by the equalizer and supply gutter, removing the paddy from the ground rice and extracting only brown rice. In other words, while the rice is being polished and fed onto the oscillating sorting board, brown rice with a relatively high specific gravity is swung up the slope by contact with the rough surface, while paddy with a relatively low specific gravity slides on top of the brown rice. The rice flows to the lower side of the slope, and in the middle there is a layer of mixed rice consisting of brown rice and paddy. This results in
The rice on the lower side of the slope flows back through the huller conveyor 38 and the elevator 54, and is dehulled again in the huller 80. Further, the mixed rice falling into the mixed rice layer conveyor 39 joins with the ground rice and returns to the swinging sorter 36 where it is sorted. In this hulling process, the paddy that has passed through the grain grinder 14A many times and has had its outer glumes etc. removed is dehulled by the dehulling roll, so the amount of wear on the dehulling roller is halved, and replacement etc. It is economical and reduces the time and effort required. In addition, the amount of dust other than rice husks is reduced during wind sorting of the rolled rice immediately after it is removed from the hull. On the other hand, the brown rice in the brown rice conveyor 37 is supplied to grain sorters 41A and 41B via an elevator 40, and is sorted by grain thickness.
- For granulated grains having a grain thickness greater than a chamber, stones are removed through a stone removal grain sorter 61, then weighed by a weighing machine 63 via an elevator 62, and packed into flexible container bags 67 or bulk shipping tanks 66. After that, the grains are weighed by a weighing machine 68, and a bag opening is sewn by a sewing machine 69 and packaged in small parcels or shipped in bulk by a grain transfer vehicle 72. In addition, in each of the above steps, the dust generated in each processing equipment, weighing machine, or conveying machine through which the grains pass (the amount of dust generated by the grain grinding machine 14A is small) is collected by a wet dust collector through each duct. 78.Next, another embodiment of the grain grinder 14 will be described based on FIG. 3.The grain grinder 14B is almost the same as the grain grinder 14A of the previous embodiment. However, the difference is that the polishing trochanter J20 is a grinding type consisting of a grindstone, etc., and it is not equipped with a water tank for generating wet air. A hollow main shaft 119 with one end opened inside the dust removal cylinder 118
A grain feeding rotor 127 and a grinding type polishing rotor 120
A supply port 122 is provided at the end on the side of the grain feeding rotor 127 and a discharge port 123 is provided at the other end.
22, supply hopper] 24, discharge n J, 2
3, and a discharge gutter 110 is provided in each of the discharge ports 123, as in the previous embodiment.
A pressure lid 126 whose pressure degree can be adjusted is attached at 25, and a motor 114 of a pressure lid adjustment device 125 is connected to the vicinity of the supply hopper 124 and discharge gutter 110 via a control device 113 (see FIG. 4). Demolition rate detector 11.1
．． ．． ]12 are provided respectively. In addition, the porous wall dust removal cylinder 11-8
A dust chamber 128 is formed around the dust collection chamber 1.
A dust collection hopper 129 is provided by connecting to the dust collection hopper 1.
The lower end of 29 is connected to the inlet of the blower 15 by a duct 130. Furthermore, the opening end of the hollow main shaft 19 faces the outlet of a blower 115 as a painting device, and the polishing trochanter 1
20 blow holes 116 are formed to blow air to the grains in the polishing chamber 121. When formed in this manner, the surface abrasive grains of the rotating polishing rotor 120 act to scrape off the outer glumes, awns, ramus, etc. of the rice husk. Then, the outer glume etc. are removed by the blower 11.
It easily separates from the outer shell due to the wind from Cyclone 1 and leaks from the porous wall bran removing cylinder 118, becoming a dense dust-laden wind and causing cyclone 1.
6, and as in the previous embodiment, it is separated from the air and collected, but the dust in the exhaust air is sent to the bag filter 1.
7 or may be connected to a wet dust collector 78 by a duct. The amount of dust collected at this time is very small and does not turn into a large amount of sludge as in the case of conventional methods. Note that the blower 115 also works to suppress the temperature rise of the rice grains in the polishing chamber 121. Also, when the grain is supplied to the grain grinding machine 14B and the discharge gutter 160
When the rice drops, the rice removal rate detector 111, . 112, the contamination rate of the unscaled grains during the visit to China is measured. In this way, the measured values detected by each of the rice removal rate detectors 111 and 112 at fixed time intervals are stored in the storage device (RAM) 16l via the input signal processing device 161a of the control device 161, respectively.
b and is averaged and compared by the arithmetic unit 161C, and the difference or ratio between the average values of the rice withdrawal rates between the two is larger than a reference value set in advance in the storage unit 161b, for example, a difference of 1.0%. At this point, the motor 162 of the pressure lid adjustment device 142 is rotated in the forward or reverse direction to move the weight 165 horizontally in steps toward the pressure lid 143 until the difference is within the 1.0% difference. It works as a safety device by reducing the biasing force of the granules to prevent accidents caused by large amounts of unbalanced particles. Above, we have described agitation type and grinding type polishing trochanters, but any polishing trochanter that can polish the outer shell of grains may be used. (see Fig. 7), percussion type (see Fig. 8), etc. are used. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the grain grinding machines 14A and 14B are both arranged before the dryer in the drying process, or as shown in FIG. By providing a grain grinder 14C at the front stage and a grain grinder 14D between the receiving/rough sorting process and the pre-drying/storage process, grains can be removed before drying, or at least before drying is completed (approximately 16%). By removing the outer glume, awn, ramus, etc., there is less risk of decalcification occurring even without much humidification of the grain, and furthermore, as drying progresses, the outer glume, etc. are detached. It is possible to forcibly remove these particles at a stage before they tend to generate dust, and the amount of dust generated in the subsequent process of the grain grinder is extremely small. This has the effect of making the dust collector significantly smaller (and cheaper) and reducing the amount of uncollected dust to a very small amount. On the other hand, a grain grinder 14E may be provided in the sorting/selling process, and a grain grinder 14F may be provided in the hulling/shipping process, separately from or in addition to the grain grinding machines 14A-D. In particular, as mentioned above, by installing the wind sorter 34 in the sorting process, the huller 80 in the hulling process, etc., in other words, in the front stage of equipment equipped with an air blower, a large amount of waste is generated by these equipment. can reduce dust. Note that the number of the grain grinding machines 14A-F is not limited to one, and an appropriate number of grain grinders may be installed in parallel to match the flow rate at each installation location. By installing it on the line from the to the cargo receiving tank group, it does not affect the processing capacity as a whole.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a country elevator embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the grain grinding machine in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the grain grinding machine, and FIG. The figure is a block diagram showing the control unit, Figure +5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the pressing lid adjusting device, Figures 6 to 8 are sectional views showing another embodiment of the polishing trochanter, and Figure 9 is the figure 1. 10 is a front view of unhulled rice, and FIG. 11 is a front view of wheat grain. 1... Receiving unit, 2... Rough sorting machine, 3... Weighing machine, 4A, 4B... tensioning device, 5-7... elevator,
8A. 8B...Flow conveyor, 9A, 9B...Two-way switching valve, 1.0A~10D...Receiving tank, IIA~1
1D...Blower, 12A, 12B...Flow conveyor for carrying out, 13...Elevator, 14.144A, 14B
... polishing machine, 15 ... fan, 16 ... cyclone, 17 ... bag filter, 18 ... tank, 1
9...Dryer, 20...Combustion furnace, 21...Blower, 22...Elevator, 23...Niro switching valve, 24...
・Wind sorter, 25A, 25B...Flow conveyor for delivery, 268-26G...Main silo, 27A-27C...
・Gap silo, 28A-28D...Communication flow conveyor, 29A-29G...Two-way switching valve, 30...Selection/hulling unit, 31...Elevator, 32.33...
・Niro switching valve, 34... wind sorter, 35... elevator,
36... Oscillating sorter, 37... Brown rice conveyor, 3
8... Conveyor for paddy, 39... Conveyor for mixed rice, 40... Elevator, 41A, 41B... Grain sorter,
42... Niro switching valve, 43... Immature grain receiving box, 44...
・・Elevator, 45 ・Curn hole type rotating sorter, 46・・
Grain removal box, 47... Elevator, 48... Two-way switching valve, 49... Elevator, 50... Weighing machine, 51... Elevator, 52... Twenty-switching valve, 53 .54... Elevator, 55, 56... Two-way switching valve, 57... De-awning machine, 5
8... Deweighing/sorting device, 59... Different kind of grain sorting unit, 60... Two-way switching valve, 61... Stone removal grain sorting machine, 6
2... Lifting machine, 63... Weighing machine, 64... Lifting machine, 65... Niro switching valve, 66... Bulk shipping tank,
67...Flexible container, 68...Measuring and packaging machine, 69...
・Sewing machine, 70... Elevator, 71... Two-way switching valve,
72... Grain transport vehicle, 73... Supply port, 74...
Discharge port, 75... nozzle, 76... washing tank, 77...
...Sludge conveyor, 78...Wet type dust collector, 80
... Husking machine, 110 ... Discharge gutter, 111.1.12
...Rice removal rate detector, 113...Control device, 114.
... Motor, 115 ... Air blower, 116 ... Blower hole, 118 ... Porous wall dust removal cylinder, 119 ... Hollow main shaft,
120... Polishing trochanter, 1-21... Polishing chamber, 122
. . . Supply port, 123 . . . Discharge port, 124 . Dust chamber, 1
29... Dust collection hopper, 130... Duct, 133.
...Porous wall dust removal cylinder, 134...Hollow main shaft, 135...
- Stirring protrusion, 136... Blow hole, 1-37... Polishing trochanter, 138... Ventilation hole, 139... Polishing chamber, 14
0... Supply port, 141... Discharge port, 142... Pressing lid adjustment device, 143... Pressing lid, 144... Grain feeding trochanter, 145... Dust collection chamber, 146... Dust collection hopper, 1
47.1.48...Duct, 1.49...Two-fluid nozzle, 150...Blow pipe, 51...Air filter, 152...Air compressor, 153...Solenoid valve, 15
4...Flowmeter, 155...Flow rate control valve, 156...
・Water tank, 157... Water pipe, 160... Discharge gutter, 161... Control device, 162... Forward/reverse rotation motor, 163... Case, 164... Spiral shaft, 165...
・Weight, 166... Moisture detector, 167... Rotation stopper. Patent applicant Satake Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Figure 8 Figure 7 Figure 6 Figure 602〈 ), -”502 Figure 11

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) In a grain communal drying facility that consists of each process of receiving, rough sorting, drying, and hulling/shipping, and is equipped with a device to collect dust generated in these processes, any one of the above processes or Dust collection for a grain communal drying facility, characterized in that a grain grinding machine is installed between two or more or arbitrary processes to remove the ramus, awn, glume, etc. of almost all received grains. Device. (2) Grain cooperatives are equipped with equipment to collect the dust generated during these processes, which consist of the following processes: receiving/rough selection, pre-drying/storage, drying, silo storage, sorting/selling, and hulling/shipping. In the drying facility, a grain grinder is installed to remove the stalks, awns, glumes, etc. of almost all the grains received during any one or more of the above steps or between any steps. A dust collector for a grain communal drying facility. (3) In a grain joint drying facility that consists of at least each process of receiving, rough sorting, drying, and hulling/shipping, and is equipped with a device to collect the dust generated from these processes, the processes or processes before the drying process are A dust collection device for a grain communal drying facility, characterized in that a grain grinder is provided between the grains for removing ramus, awn, glume, etc. from almost all the grains before drying is completed. (4) In grain joint drying facilities that consist of at least the receiving, rough sorting, drying, and hulling/shipping processes, and are equipped with equipment to collect dust generated from these processes, air blowers are installed in each of the above processes. A dust collection device for a grain communal drying facility, characterized in that a grain grinding machine for removing ramus, awn, glume, etc. from almost all received grains is installed in the front stage of the equipment having the above-mentioned equipment. (5) The grain grinding machine according to any one of claims (1) to (4), wherein a dust collection device is connected to the grain grinding machine separately from a dust collection device that collects dust generated by a device other than the grain grinding machine. Dust collection equipment for grain communal drying facilities. (6) The above-mentioned grain grinding machine is provided with a polishing trochanter rotatably provided in a perforated wall cylinder whose one end communicates with the supply section and the other end communicates with the discharge section,
A dust collector for a grain communal drying facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a gap between the polishing trochanter and the porous wall cylinder is formed in the polishing chamber. (7) A rice removal rate detector is installed in each of the supply section and the discharge section of the grain grinder, and a movable pressure lid is attached to the discharge port, so that the rice removal rate in the discharge section is higher than a certain level compared to that in the supply section. The dust collection device for a grain communal drying facility according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a control device so as to reduce the pressing force of the movable pressing lid when the pressure increases. (8) The feeding section of the grain grinder is equipped with a grain humidifying device consisting of a humid air generator and a moisture detector for detecting the moisture content of the grain, and the moisture content of the grain measured by this moisture detector is the standard. Dust collection for grain communal drying facilities according to claim (5) or (6), further comprising a control device that increases the amount of humidification when the amount is smaller than the reference value and stops the humidification when the amount is larger than the reference value. Device. (9) A movable pressure lid is attached to the outlet of the grain grinder, and a moisture detector is installed in the supply section to detect the moisture content of the grain, and the moisture content of the grain measured by this moisture detector is the standard. The grain communal drying facility according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a control device that reduces the degree of pressure of the pressure lid when the value is smaller than a reference value, and increases the degree of pressure when it is larger than a reference value. dust collector.