JPH04220942A - Halogen lamp whose one side is sealed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a tungsten halogen lamp with a long life, which can be manufactured specially in a simple structure and at a low cost and has resistance to vibration. CONSTITUTION: A tungsten halogen lamp 1 which has emitter arms 8a, 8b bent into a U-shape is sealed at one side. It is provided with at least one glass tube 24 to prevent the mutual collision of the emitter arms 8a, 8b of an emitter 6. The glass tube 24 extending perpendicular to the plane of an emitter 6' is formed of a material which is used for a bulb 2.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a halogen lamp sealed on one side.

0002

[Prior art] This type of halogen lamp is EP-OS17.
3 995.

[0003] If the lamp is designed for use directly with the grid voltage, the luminous body used in the lamp must have a relatively high resistance and therefore be of long length. Must be. For this reason, the light emitter is folded into two light emitting arms and has an overall shape similar to a V-shape or a U-shape. However, this concept, which is promising in itself, comes with two significant drawbacks. One is that this lamp is extremely susceptible to vibration. If a shock load is applied to the lamp while it is being lit, the two arms of the light emitter will come into contact and the part of the coil that is still energized at that time may burn out due to overload. This is due to the fact that the entire voltage of the power supply network is biased over a portion of the filament length (generally about half).

Another drawback is that in the horizontal lighting position, the arm of the light emitter may come into contact with the inner wall of the bulb under some circumstances. This is because the free length of the arm is extremely long and some sagging of the coil (about 10%) is unavoidable. As a result, problems arise in that the glass becomes black and devitrified, and the life of the bulb is also shortened.

On the other hand, in DE-GM1952467,
A halogen lamp suitable for photography is disclosed. The lamp has a U-shaped retaining structure for the light emitter, consisting of a glass rod or glass tube passing through the lamp axis, the end of the rod or tube facing away from the pinch. The end portion has one or more hooks that hold the light emitter. The light emitter itself is constructed short so that there is no risk of the coil arms colliding, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The glass tube or glass rod is introduced before sealing the bulb, partially embedded in the pinch base, and positioned to be connected to the respective power supply inside the pinch. At first glance, such an arrangement seems suitable for avoiding collisions of the two coil arms in the case of halogen lamps used at grid voltage. However, the requirements for halogen lamps for general illumination for use at grid voltage are different from those for photographic lamps. This applies above all to longevity and power consumption. For photographic lamps, coil stability is improved due to the generally larger coil filament diameter.

As a result of a long series of experiments, it has been found that in the case of the halogen lamp according to the invention, the glass tube or glass rod as described above devitrifies due to the high temperature loading during the desired long life (approximately 2000 hours). However, darkening may occur, which may indirectly result in premature lamp failure. For photographic lamps with a lifespan of about 50 hours, this effect is of little concern.

[0007]

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a device which is particularly simple and inexpensive to produce, is resistant to vibrations, and which
Our goal is to provide a halogen lamp with a long life.

[0008]

The object of the invention was achieved by means of the features of claim 1. Claim 2
Particularly advantageous formats are described in the following sections.

Surprisingly, the following was found. That is, unlike the prior art, the glass web formed from the bulb material has a significantly improved temperature resistance. The reason for this is that the glass web is prevented from breaking due to the additional external cooling.

[0010] In its simplest form, this web serves as a pure separation means. For example, it is configured as a partition wall passing through the lamp axis. In that case, however, the partition wall becomes extremely thick, so the cooling effect is not very high.

[0011] The web can also be constructed in the form of a tube and extend perpendicularly to the lamp axis. By doing so, the cooling effect is enhanced. This is because the heat radiation area becomes larger than the heat radiation coil portion.

These two embodiments are suitable, in particular, as long as a horizontal assembly is avoided when the plane of the illuminant is vertical, or the illuminant arm is made relatively short (for example 10 mm) or the coil of the arm is made stable in itself. Insofar as this is preferred (for example in the case of a 110V power grid).

[0013] In a horizontal lighting position, ideal usage characteristics may be obtained in the case of a 220 V power supply grid or even in the case of a very long light-emitting arm (approximately 15 mm). This is the case with the use of a plurality of transverse tubular webs, which secure the individual light-emitting arms and take over the classic holding function. The webs are best one web per section of the coil.

The problem of bulb darkening is solved by other measures. In other words, multiple double coil light emitting arms (
Advantageously, it is divided into two parts, which parts are separated by a single coil connection of weaker light. These connections have a lower power density than the more intense light dual coil portions, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. By pressing the connecting part into the horizontal web,
A close contact is obtained with sufficient heat dissipation to the outside. This significantly reduces the thermal load on the transverse webs, so that the phenomena of darkening and devitrification are prevented.

[0015] A tubular web has the advantage that halogen circulation in the filling is hardly hindered compared to a partition wall.

[0016] By configuring the web in a trumpet shape,
There are no excessively thin spots in the transition area to the valve wall, which would burst at low bursting pressures, and the wall thickness is fairly uniform. The web or septum is provided after sealing and before filling. The bulb of the lamp is heated with a torch in the area where the web is to be provided and is shaped with plungers facing each other. The advantage of this technique is that, especially in the case of beam-less structures, the attitude adjustment of the light emitter by the process described above will not be disturbed later on. The web can be produced particularly simply by deep drawing two "glass fingers" with two rod-shaped plungers. At that time,
If both "glass fingers" touch each other, a blockage is provided between the lamp axes. The septum is formed by molded pinch jaws. The fabrication is carried out by applying the desired heating and blowing into the forming pinch jaws.

[0017]

Therefore, overall, the halogen lamp of the present invention has a long life (200
0 hours) It is a halogen lamp, extremely resistant to impact,
It also has a simple structure and fewer parts (no horizontal bridge).
. Compared to standardized halogen lamps, the tube diameter is approximately 2 mm to 4 mm smaller and the overall length approximately 7 mm, so that additional savings are made in the filling volume due to the reduced volume of the bulb.

The halogen lamp according to the invention is suitable for use directly at grid voltage. Its voltage range is about 8
It should be understood that the range is from 0V to 250V. Typical wattage steps range from 15W to 500W. For general lighting purposes, the lamp can be surrounded by an outer bulb. Due to its compactness, the lamp can also be used advantageously in reflectors (for example PAR lamps, cold light reflector lamps) and can optionally be fitted with a screw or pin cap. The luminous body is preferably bent in a U-shape. The invention is however also applicable to V-shaped emitters.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Several embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show a halogen lamp for general lighting purposes. This lamp is 75W, 2
Connected directly to the 20V power grid. In addition, this lamp has an outer diameter of 12.5 mm and an inner diameter of 10.5 mm (tolerance: 0.8 m).
m), it has a cylindrical crystal glass bulb 2 with a total length of about 35 mm. One end of the bulb 2 forms a dome 3;
is provided with an exhaust pip 4. The other end of the valve 2 is closed with a pinch seal 5. A valve with a volume of 1.65 cm3 was supplied with an inert gas consisting of 80% Kr and 20% N2 with a halogen additive of 0.005% CBr.
The mixture is filled with ClF2 added.

A generally double-coiled, U-shaped light emitter 6 extends over substantially the entire length of the bulb volume. The U-shaped base part 7 extending perpendicular to the lamp axis is located close to the dome 3, while the legs of the U extend from the base part 7 towards the pinch seal 5 and open outwards. ing. These legs form a luminescent coil arm 18 approximately 15 mm long. The light emitter 6 is held by a frame 9. This frame 9 is bent in the plane substantially including the lamp axis as follows. That is, the inner walls 12 of the valve face each other parallel to the axis.
It is bent to extend from the transverse portion 13 over the inner diameter of the valve between the two legs 10, 11 which are in close contact with each other. The first leg is significantly longer than the second leg 11 (approximately 8 mm)
(approximately 21 mm) extends approximately the entire length inside the valve and is recessed within the pinch seal 5 to a depth of approximately 0.8 mm. This straight leg 10 is bent just below the dome 3 to form a transverse section 13. this part 1
3 forms three raised parts 14 and 15 when viewed from the front, and two valley bottoms 16 are formed between these raised parts 14 and 15. The first and third ridges 14 are each bent semicircularly, and the second ridge between them forms an acute hook 15 that extends between the two valley bottoms 16. ing. The hook 15 is positioned somewhat offset from the plane of the frame in parallel with the axis. The tip 17 of the hook ends below the dome 3 of the bulb. Since the base portion 7 of the light emitting body is hooked on the hook 15, the end portion of the base portion 7 is placed on the valley bottom 16. This causes the area of the base part 7 to be short-circuited via the hook 15. The transverse part 13 is constructed symmetrically with respect to the axis (viewed in front view). In that case, the third bulge 14 has transitioned into the second leg 11 . The free end 18 of the second leg 11 is untrimmed.

[0022] The overall structure is fixed in the valve by spring action. In the unloaded state before assembly, both semicircular protuberances 14 are opened wider, with both legs expanding diagonally outwards. The ends of both light-emitting coil arms 8 transition to a single coil portion, and this portion has the function of a current supply section 19. The light emitter 6 is stretched into the bulb by welding the current supply 19 to the sealing foil 20 in the pinch seal 5. The current supply 19 has a total length of about 6 mm and extends only about 1 to 2 mm into the valve volume from the pinch seal 5. Therefore, other commonly used core pins for stabilization can be omitted. A contact pin 21 is additionally welded to the outer end of the foil 20. This pin projects outwardly from the end of the pinch seal 5.

Over substantially the entire length of both coil arms 8, a partition wall 22 extends along the lamp axis between the base portion 7 of the luminous body and the pinch seal 5. The transition between the cylindrical valve wall and the septum 22 has a streamlined bulge 23 to keep the wall thickness as uniform as possible.
It is done through. The partition wall 22 is approximately rod-shaped.
It is formed to have a width of 1 mm, a thickness of 1 mm, and a length of about 10 mm.

A second embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. This embodiment is also substantially the same as the first embodiment. However, if the web is configured as a glass tube 24,
This glass tube 24 extends at right angles to the lamp axis and the plane of the light emitter, also approximately in the center of the bulb 2, over the inner diameter of the bulb. The glass tube 24 has a diameter of about 1.2 near the axis.
It has an inner diameter of mm, but widens on both sides toward the valve wall to form a trumpet-shaped portion 25 having a diameter of 2 to 4 times the inner diameter. A closure 26 is left in the tube in the area of the lamp axis. The light emitter 6' is again bent into a U-shape. Both light-emitting arms 8' of the light-emitting body 6' are
However, it is further divided into two double coil portions 8a, 8b, and these portions are separated by a single coil connection portion 27 having a weaker luminous intensity. The base portion 7' is configured as a single (or double) coil. The connecting portion 27 is approximately equal in length to the double coil portions 8a and 8b, and
Approximately 5 mm, approximately 1.5 mm relative to the glass tube 24
Since the arms 8' are spaced apart from each other, they do not come into contact with the glass tube 24 unless they are slack in the horizontal lighting position or when both arms 8' collide with each other. Moreover, there is no problem of darkening.

A third embodiment (FIGS. 6 and 7), whose side view corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. ing. The difference is that in the case of the third embodiment, instead of one glass tube being placed in the middle, two glass tubes 24' are placed at right angles to the lamp axis and the plane of the light emitter at the connection point of both. 27, which is also the point extending between the light-emitting portions 8a, 8b of the arm 8'. The connecting portions 27 of the light emitters are each crimped at the center of the glass tube 24' to form a closed portion 26'. As a result, both light-emitting arms 8' are fixed in their respective positions, and the free length of the arms is halved (portions 8a,
8b). The glass tube therefore assumes part of the classical holding function. In the case of a glass tube 24' formed from two halves, a seam 32 is still visible between the two halves in the area of the closure 26'.

In this case, instead of two separate webs, a single web with an oval cross section and a crimp of corresponding width is placed at half the height of the valve and the coil The arm may be fixed. In this case, another narrow communication channel is provided between the upper and lower halves of the lamp.

In the case of a further embodiment of the lamp with a particularly long light-emitting arm, instead of the glass tube extending perpendicularly to the lamp axis (second embodiment), the glass tubes are arranged one above the other in the lamp axis; Two glass tubes extending at right angles to each other are used. The light-emitting arm is each divided into three parts, which are spaced apart at the height of the glass tube by a connecting part.

A further embodiment is based on the third embodiment but uses four glass tubes. In this case, two glass tubes each are arranged along the light emitting arm at the level of the connection. In this case, each light emitting arm is divided into three parts.

In a further embodiment (FIG. 8), the halogen lamp 1 described above is assembled into an outer bulb 30. The contact pin 21 (possibly of two-part construction) is embedded in a base 28 which is sealed within the neck 29 of the evacuated outer bulb 30 . The outer bulb 30 has a mushroom-shaped (or, for example, pear-shaped) bulge and has a screw cap 31 .

The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. In particular, the invention is also suitable for halogen lamps for use in 110V power grids. The two coil arms can be further divided. The filling material can also consist of other components known per se. For example, CH2Br2 can be used as a halogen additive.

Hard glass (particularly for low power stages, for example 100 W) is also suitable as bulb material. In this case, the illuminant is connected to the contact pin via a current supply, which is known per se and is embedded in the pinch seal. In the case of hard glasses, the critical temperature for the stress of the glass is about 600° C., so as an additional cooling measure it is advisable to provide a connection with a core wire that short-circuits this coil section. . The separating web 24 shown in FIG. 4 should have a minimum spacing of 3 mm to the light emitter in the case of a hard glass bulb.

[0032] The invention makes it possible to provide an inexpensive, direct-to-grid halogen lamp with low power consumption of at least 15 W. This lamp is particularly suitable for general lighting purposes. Finally, a halogen lamp similar to the third embodiment in which the light emitter has a direct, axially extending arm is also possible. A glass tube or tubes arranged at right angles to the lamp axis can fix the luminous body to the connecting part or parts, also between two or more luminous parts.

This type of arrangement is also suitable for tubular halogen lamps or for single-sided sealed halogen lamps with an elongated luminous body. In particular, this embodiment uses low power (100W
), suitable for lamps with hard glass bulbs.

The illustrated glass web is configured as a tube with a circular cross section. However, the tube may also have an oval cross-section. In that case, the vertical axis is aligned in the direction of the coil axis.

[0035] It is also necessary to mention that the frame is
The drawings were explained together with the glass web, but even if the frame is used independently and not used at the same time as the web,
It has several advantages compared to that of EP-OS173995. Cases in which it is advantageous to use only a frame are in particular the case of relatively short illuminants which are mainly bent in a U-shape.

[0036] From this point of view, the disadvantages of the conventional frame are as follows: Since the legs are of equal length, the frame does not have sufficient self-holding action when the frame is introduced; As a result, temporary fixation must be performed using mechanical auxiliary means. Additionally, because of the obtuse bend angle of the legs, the frame tends to tilt in a pinch before being secured. During the sealing process, if the legs are obtuse, they will flare outwards in the area of the pinch, which is extremely disadvantageous. During heating of the pinch area, the softened quartz glass is forced outwards by the preload of the spring, almost forcing cracks into the pinch, which impairs the tightness of the lamp.

[0037] Assembling the loop for fixing the coil takes time and effort, and in addition, this work can hardly be mechanized. In some embodiments, the loop is fixed within the evacuation pip, which significantly impedes the evacuation, scavenging and filling processes. Furthermore, in order to be able to attach the loop, the illuminant must have a coil-free connecting piece in the base area.

Ultimately, in the case of the support wire shown in EP-OS 173995, only V-shaped emitters can be used. Moreover, there is also the risk of short circuits occurring between the ends of the legs of the light emitter.

In comparison, the structure according to the invention described above is particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and the valve sealing is reliable.

A particular advantage is that by suitably selecting the length of the non-embedded legs, the holding effect of the structure can be adjusted optimally to the dimensional tolerances of the lamp bulb. Such a thing is not possible with the prior art.

Another advantage is that the manufacture is completely mechanizable, which greatly simplifies the internal construction. In addition, the support wire with legs of different lengths is configured such that the self-locking action of the support wire upon introduction into the valve is very effective. As a result, on the one hand, the position of the support wire, and thereby also the position of the illuminant, is precisely fixed despite tilting movements. In addition, the light emitters are held preloaded and can optionally be preloaded later. This self-retaining effect is further increased by leaving the cutting burr on the free end of the shorter leg (shortened by at least 50%) unremoved. In particular, what is surprising about this asymmetrical leg configuration is that
The advantage is that there is no problem even if the frame is placed in an inclined position during installation. Technical preconceptions that problems would arise had to be overcome in the development of this frame. In practice, the length ratio of both legs is approximately 3:1. A tilted position would only occur if the length of the shorter leg was further shortened. In addition, the straightness of the legs and their close contact with the inner wall over their entire length have a stabilizing effect. Additionally, the chosen configuration does not burden the pinch. This is because only a small portion of the outwardly acting spring force acts there. Rather, this spring force acts distributed along the entire inner wall. Overall, the tightness and service life of the lamp are significantly improved. In addition, by shortening the legs, shadows caused by the frame are reduced.

The light-emitting coil portion of the light-emitting body holder is located along two paths that are approximately parallel to each other, but this holder is significantly simplified by the hook structure, so it does not require any troublesome work. There is no need for threading work, and coil processing can be completely mechanized. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the hook rests on the top of the valve, so that:
A particularly simple stop for the correct installation depth of the illuminant is obtained.

In order to further simplify the construction of the frame, it was deliberately decided to accept the short circuiting of the U-shaped light emitters in the non-luminous base areas. As a result, both light emitting coil parts have V
They are further spaced apart from each other than in the case of curved coils, so that there is no longer any risk of life-shortening short circuits between the luminescent coil parts.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a high-pressure halogen lamp.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the halogen lamp shown in FIG. 1 rotated by 90 degrees.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the halogen lamp of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a second embodiment of the halogen lamp.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the halogen lamp of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a third embodiment of the halogen lamp.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the halogen lamp of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment showing a halogen lamp with a glove attached.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Halogen lamp 2 Valve 3 Round top 4 Exhaust pip 5 Pinch seal 6. Luminous body 7 U-shaped base part 8 Coil arm 9 Frame 10,11　　　　Structure legs 12 Valve inner wall 13 Lateral part of the frame 14 Raised part 15 Hook part 16 Valley bottom 17 Tip of the hook 18 End of the shorter leg 19 Current supply section 20 Seal foil 21 Contact pin 22 Partition wall 23 Bulge 24 Glass tube 25　　　Trumpet-shaped part 26 Blocked part 27 Connecting part 29 Cervical region 30 Gloves

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A halogen lamp sealed on one side for use at grid voltage, comprising a hermetically sealed bulb (2) of transparent material defining the lamp axis, and an inert gas and a filling consisting of a halogen-containing additive and a light emitter (6) forming two light emitting arms located in a plane containing the lamp axis and connected to each other near the end of the bulb opposite the pinch; formed from the material of the bulb, of the type consisting of a power supply system with electrical leads for the light emitter (6) and a frame (9) holding the light emitter (6) near the end of the bulb opposite the pinch. 1. Halogen lamp sealed on one side, characterized in that at least one web (22; 24; 24') provided thereon prevents the light-emitting arms (8; 8') of the luminous body from coming into contact with each other. 2. Halogen lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the luminous body (6) is bent approximately in a U-shape or a V-shape. 3. The light emitting arm (8') comprises at least two
3. Halogen lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that it is divided into two parts (8a, 8b), which parts are separated by a connection (27) of low luminous intensity. 4. Halogen lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one web is arranged between the two arms of the luminous body as separating means. Claim 5: One or more tubular webs (24'
) extending at the height of both arms (8') of the luminous body in a direction perpendicular to the lamp axis and resting on these arms and directly assuming the holding function, The halogen lamp according to claim 1 or 3. [Claim 6] The web (24') is connected to the connection part (24') of the luminous body (
27) The halogen lamp according to claim 5, wherein the halogen lamp is applied to a lamp. 7. characterized in that the tubular web (24') is closed in the middle by a closure (26'),
The halogen lamp according to claim 5. 8. Halogen lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (9) holds the luminous body (6) without stabilizing transverse beams. 9. The tubular web (24; 24') widens in a trumpet-like manner towards the valve wall, and advantageously comprises:
The halogen lamp according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it is enlarged by two to four times the minimum web diameter. 10. Halogen lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the lamp is surrounded by a globe (30) or a reflector. 11. After the introduction of the luminous body and after sealing the open bulb, the bulb of the lamp is point-heated by two torches facing each other and pressed by two rod-shaped plungers. 6. A method for manufacturing a halogen lamp according to claim 4, characterized in that each tubular web is formed by: