JPH04219345A - Optical fiber for amplification - Google Patents
Optical fiber for amplificationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04219345A JPH04219345A JP2417996A JP41799690A JPH04219345A JP H04219345 A JPH04219345 A JP H04219345A JP 2417996 A JP2417996 A JP 2417996A JP 41799690 A JP41799690 A JP 41799690A JP H04219345 A JPH04219345 A JP H04219345A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- band
- ions
- optical fiber
- amplification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 rare earth ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- ANOBYBYXJXCGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L stannous fluoride Chemical compound F[Sn]F ANOBYBYXJXCGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、光通信システムで使用
されている１．３０μｍ 帯で発振するファイバレーザ
や、同波長で動作し高信号利得を有する増幅器に用いる
増幅用光ファイバに関するものである。[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to fiber lasers that oscillate in the 1.30 μm band used in optical communication systems, and amplification optical fibers used in amplifiers that operate at the same wavelength and have high signal gain. be.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】ここ２〜３年、光ファイバのコアに希土
類イオン、特にＥｒ３＋イオンをドープし、その固有な
４ｆ殻内遷移の誘導放出を用いた光ファイバ増幅器の研
究が精力的に行われ、１．５５μｍ 帯用光通信システ
ムへの応力が進められている。希土類ドープ光ファイバ
増幅器は、高利得で偏波に依存しない利得特性を有し、
また低い雑音指数を持ち、広帯域な波長特性を持つので
、光通信システム内で使用さる増幅器として極めて有効
である。石英光ファイバの波長分散が零となる１．３０
μｍ 帯は、１．５５μｍ 帯とともに光通信システム
では重要な波長帯域であり、Ｎｄ３＋イオンをドープし
た石英光ファイバおよびフッ化物光ファイバを用い、増
幅特性の研究が行われている。しかし、石英ガラス中で
は、１．３０μｍ 付近でエキサイテッド・ステート・
アブソープション（Ｅｘｃｉｔｅｄ Ｓｔａｔｅ Ａｂ
ｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ）が大きく増幅作用は確認されていな
い。また、フッ化物光ファイバにおいて１．３２μｍ
以上の波長域で増幅作用は確認されているものの、やは
りエキサイテッド・ステート・アブソープションのため
１．３０μｍ 付近での増幅は確認されていない。
（参考文献：（１） Ｗ．Ｊ．Ｍｉｎｉｓｃａｌｃｏ，
Ｌ．Ｊ．Ａｎｄｒｅｗｓ， Ｂ．Ａ．Ｔｈｏｍｓｏｎ
， Ｒ．Ｓ．Ｑｕｉｎｂｙ， Ｌ．Ｊ．Ｂ．Ｖａｃｈａ
ａｎｄ Ｍ．Ｇ．Ｄｒｅｘｈａｇｅ， Ｅｌｅｃｔｒ
ｏｎ． Ｌｅｔｔ． Ｖｏｌ．２４， （１９８８）
Ｐ．２８ （２） Ｙ．Ｍｉｙａｊｉｍａ， Ｔ．Ｋｏ
ｍｕｋａｉ Ｙ．Ｓｕｇａｗａ ａｎｄ Ｙ．Ｋａｔｓ
ｕｙａｍａ Ｔｅｃｈ．Ｄｉｇ． Ｏｐｔｉｃａｌ Ｆ
ｉｂｅｒ Ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ Ｃｏｎｆ．
’９０， ＳｏｎＦｒａｎｃｉｓｃｏ， １９９０，
ＰＤ１６．）このような状況から、１．３０μｍ 付近
で利得の得られる光増幅器が望まれているところである
。[Prior Art] In the past two to three years, research has been actively conducted on optical fiber amplifiers in which the core of an optical fiber is doped with rare earth ions, especially Er3+ ions, and uses the stimulated emission of the unique 4f intrashell transition. , 1.55 μm band optical communication systems are being stressed. Rare earth-doped optical fiber amplifiers have high gain and polarization-independent gain characteristics,
It also has a low noise figure and wideband wavelength characteristics, making it extremely effective as an amplifier used in optical communication systems. 1.30 when the wavelength dispersion of the quartz optical fiber becomes zero
The .mu.m band, along with the 1.55 .mu.m band, is an important wavelength band in optical communication systems, and amplification characteristics are being studied using quartz optical fibers doped with Nd3+ ions and fluoride optical fibers. However, in silica glass, the excited state occurs around 1.30 μm.
Absorption (Excited State Ab)
sorption) was large and no amplification effect was confirmed. In addition, 1.32 μm in fluoride optical fiber
Although amplification has been confirmed in the above wavelength range, amplification has not been confirmed in the vicinity of 1.30 μm due to excited state absorption. (References: (1) W.J. Miniscalco,
L. J. Andrews, B. A. Thomson
, R. S. Quinby, L. J. B. Vacha
and M. G. Drexhage, Electr
on. Lett. Vol. 24, (1988)
P. 28 (2) Y. Miyajima, T. Ko
mukai Y. Sugawa and Y. Kats
uyama Tech. Dig. Optical F
iber Communication Conf.
'90, SonFrancisco, 1990,
PD16. ) Under these circumstances, an optical amplifier that can obtain a gain in the vicinity of 1.30 μm is desired.
【０００３】本発明は、１．３０μｍ 帯で発振するフ
ァイバーレーザや、１．３０μｍ 帯用光通信システム
において、信号を増幅する光ファイバ増幅器を提供する
ことにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber amplifier for amplifying signals in a fiber laser that oscillates in the 1.30 μm band and in an optical communication system for the 1.30 μm band.
【０００４】0004
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、１．３０μｍ
帯でレーザ発信を起こさせるために必要なアクティブ
イオンとしてＣｒ４＋イオンを使用する。またＣｒ４＋
イオンを含有するファイバガラス材料としてＳｎ， Ｐ
ｂ， Ｐ，Ｆ，Ｏイオンからなる比較的低融点を有する
ガラスを用いる。従来、フォルステライト（Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ
Ｏ４）結晶中にＣｒ４＋イオンを添加したレーザ母材を
用いて１．３０μｍ 帯でのレーザ発振が行われている
が（参考文献：Ｖ．Ｐｅｔｒｉｃｅｖｉｃ， Ｓ．Ｋ．
Ｇａｙｅｎ， ａｎｄ Ｒ．Ｒ．Ａｌｆａｎｏ； Ａｐ
ｐｌ． Ｏｐｔ．， Ｖｏｌ．２８， Ｐ．１６０９
（１９８９）） 、ガラス中にＣｒ４＋イオンを存在さ
せ、１．３０μｍ 帯で発振するガラスレーザは知られ
ていない。Ｃｒイオンは高温では低酸化数状態（たとえ
ばＣｒ３＋状態） が安定なため６００ ℃以上に融点
を持つガラス中には、Ｃｒ４＋の状態でＣｒイオンをド
ープすることは困難であり、これまでＣｒ４＋イオンを
含有するファイバレーザおよびファイバ増幅器は作製さ
れていなかった。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a 1.30 μm
Cr4+ ions are used as active ions necessary to cause laser emission in the band. Also Cr4+
Sn, P as fiber glass material containing ions
b. A glass with a relatively low melting point consisting of P, F, and O ions is used. Conventionally, forsterite (Mg2Si
O4) Laser oscillation in the 1.30 μm band has been performed using a laser base material in which Cr4+ ions are added to the crystal (Reference: V. Petricevic, S.K.
Gayen, and R. R. Alfano; Ap
pl. Opt. , Vol. 28, P. 1609
(1989)), there is no known glass laser that oscillates in the 1.30 μm band with Cr4+ ions present in the glass. Since Cr ions are stable in a low oxidation state (for example, Cr3+ state) at high temperatures, it is difficult to dope Cr ions in the Cr4+ state into glass with a melting point of 600 °C or higher. The containing fiber laser and fiber amplifier were not fabricated.
【０００５】[0005]
【実施例】図１は （１６．９４）Ｓｎ−（１．０３）
Ｐｂ−（１６．２６） Ｐ−（１５．６５） Ｆ−（５
０．１２原子％） ＯガラスにＣｒ原子を０．５ ｗｔ
％ドープしたガラスの吸収スペクトル（破線）および１
．０６μｍ のＮｄ−ＹＡＧ レーザで励起した場合に
得られた蛍光スペクトル（実線）を示す。測定に使用し
たガスラ試料は、原料としてＳｎＦ２， ＳｎＯ， Ｐ
ｂＦ２， ＮＨ４Ｈ２ＰＯ４， ＣｒＯ３ を所定量に
秤量し、１００ｇのバッチを容易し、白金ルツボを用い
、酸素ガスおよびアルゴンガスの混合ガス雰囲気（酸素
濃度１０％） で、４５０ ℃で１時間溶融し、１２０
℃に予加熱した金属鋳型にキャスティングした後、室
温まで徐冷して作製した。蛍光スペクトルは波長１．１
５μｍ 付近にピークを持ち、１．５ μｍ の波長域
にまで及んでいることがわかる。また吸収帯は０．９７
μｍ から１．１ μｍ までほぼ平らな吸収強度を有
していることがわかる。この吸収帯および蛍光帯は、ガ
ラス中に存在するＣｒ４＋イオンによるものである。ド
ープされたＣｒ６＋イオンがガラス溶融過程で還元され
、４価になったものである。雰囲気中の酸素ガスは、こ
の還元反応の進行を制御するために必要であり、酸素分
圧が無いとドープしたＣｒ６＋イオンは、すべてＣｒ３
＋イオンにまで還元されてしまう。ガラスの溶融温度が
６００ ℃以上になると、酸素分圧を上げてもＣｒ３＋
への還元の進行を抑制することはできない。Ｃｒ４＋イ
オンを生成できたのは、ガラス母体として低融点を有す
る該ガラス組成を用いたためである。ロッドインチュー
ブ法で作製したＣｒイオンを０．５ ｗｔ％含んだコア
ガラス組成（１４．９４）Ｓｎ −（３．０３）Ｐｂ−
（１６．２６） Ｐ−（１５．６５） Ｆ−（５０．１
２原子パーメント）Ｏ、クラッドガラス組成（１６．９
４）Ｓｎ−（１．０３）Ｐｂ−（１６．２６） Ｐ−（
１５．６５） Ｆ−（５０．１２原子パーセント）Ｏの
ファイバ（コア径５μｍ）を用いて、レーザ発振および
１．３０μｍ 帯における光信号増幅実験を行った。励
起波長は１．０６μｍ （Ｎｄ ： ＹＡＧ レーザ）
および０．９８μｍ （ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｓ半導
体レーザ）の二つの波長で行った。この結果、１．３０
μｍ でのレーザ発振および１．３０μｍ の光信号の
増幅作用を確認することができた。増幅利得は２０ｄＢ
であった。また図２に示すように、レーザ発振が確認で
きた波長域は１．２３μｍ 〜１．３５μｍ であった
。ここで用いたＰｂ， Ｓｎ， Ｐの陽イオンからなる
オキシフルオライドガラスは、陽イオンＳｎ， Ｐｂ，
Ｐの原子濃度が０≦Ｐｂ≦７（原子パーセント）、４
２≦Ｓｎ≦６２（原子パーセント）、２９≦Ｐ≦５８（
原子パーセント）であり、ＦおよびＯの原子比が０＜Ｆ
／Ｏ≦０．５ の場合、結晶化に対し安定であり、ファ
イバ用ガラスとして用いることができるが、上記原子濃
度以外のガラス組成域では、ファイバガラスとして適さ
ない。したがって、コアおよびクラッドガラスの組成は
、上記組成範囲のものを選ばなければならない。また、
コアおよびクラッドガラスの組成は、この実施例で用い
たものに限定されるものではない。[Example] Figure 1 shows (16.94)Sn-(1.03)
Pb-(16.26) P-(15.65) F-(5
0.12 at%) 0.5 wt Cr atoms in O glass
% doped glass (dashed line) and 1
．． The fluorescence spectrum (solid line) obtained when excited with a 0.06 μm Nd-YAG laser is shown. The Gasura sample used for the measurement contains SnF2, SnO, P as raw materials.
bF2, NH4H2PO4, and CrO3 were weighed to a predetermined amount, prepared in a 100 g batch, and melted at 450 °C for 1 hour in a mixed gas atmosphere of oxygen gas and argon gas (oxygen concentration 10%) using a platinum crucible.
It was produced by casting into a metal mold preheated to ℃ and then slowly cooling to room temperature. The fluorescence spectrum has a wavelength of 1.1
It can be seen that it has a peak around 5 μm and extends to a wavelength range of 1.5 μm. Also, the absorption band is 0.97
It can be seen that the absorption intensity is almost flat from μm to 1.1 μm. This absorption band and fluorescence band are due to Cr4+ ions present in the glass. The doped Cr6+ ions are reduced during the glass melting process and become tetravalent. Oxygen gas in the atmosphere is necessary to control the progress of this reduction reaction, and without oxygen partial pressure, all the doped Cr6+ ions become Cr3
It is reduced to + ions. When the melting temperature of glass exceeds 600 °C, even if the oxygen partial pressure is increased, Cr3+
It is not possible to suppress the progress of reduction. The reason why Cr4+ ions could be generated was because the glass composition having a low melting point was used as the glass matrix. Core glass composition (14.94)Sn-(3.03)Pb- containing 0.5 wt% Cr ions prepared by rod-in-tube method
(16.26) P-(15.65) F-(50.1
2 atomic percent) O, clad glass composition (16.9
4) Sn-(1.03)Pb-(16.26)P-(
15.65) Laser oscillation and optical signal amplification experiments in the 1.30 μm band were conducted using an F-(50.12 atomic percent) O fiber (core diameter 5 μm). Excitation wavelength is 1.06 μm (Nd:YAG laser)
and 0.98 μm (InGaAs/GaAs semiconductor laser). As a result, 1.30
We were able to confirm laser oscillation at 1.30 μm and amplification of an optical signal at 1.30 μm. Amplification gain is 20dB
Met. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the wavelength range in which laser oscillation was confirmed was 1.23 μm to 1.35 μm. The oxyfluoride glass used here consists of cations of Pb, Sn, and P.
The atomic concentration of P is 0≦Pb≦7 (atomic percent), 4
2≦Sn≦62 (atomic percent), 29≦P≦58 (
atomic percent), and the atomic ratio of F and O is 0<F
When /O≦0.5, the glass is stable against crystallization and can be used as a fiber glass, but in a glass composition range other than the above atomic concentration, it is not suitable as a fiber glass. Therefore, the compositions of the core and cladding glasses must be selected within the above composition range. Also,
The compositions of the core and cladding glasses are not limited to those used in this example.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の増幅用光
ファイバによれば、１．３０μｍ 帯において光信号の
増幅が可能であるので、１．３０μｍ 帯用光通信シス
テムにおいても、１．５５μｍ 帯用光通信システムと
同様、光ファイバ増幅器を用いたシステムの経済化、安
定化を図ることができるという利点がある。また本発明
の増幅用光ファイバを用いたファイバレーザは１．２３
μｍ 〜１．３５μｍ という幅広い発振波長域を有す
るので、波長チューナブルな光源として幅広い分野に応
用できるという利点もある。As explained above, according to the amplifying optical fiber of the present invention, it is possible to amplify optical signals in the 1.30 μm band. Similar to the 55 μm band optical communication system, there is an advantage that the system using an optical fiber amplifier can be made more economical and stable. Furthermore, the fiber laser using the amplifying optical fiber of the present invention has a 1.23
Since it has a wide oscillation wavelength range of μm to 1.35 μm, it has the advantage that it can be applied to a wide range of fields as a wavelength tunable light source.
【図１】Ｓｎ−Ｐｂ−Ｐ−Ｆ−Ｏガラスにドープされた
Ｃｒイオンの吸収スペクトルおよび蛍光スペクトルを示
す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an absorption spectrum and a fluorescence spectrum of Cr ions doped into Sn-Pb-P-F-O glass.
【図２】ＣｒドープＳｎ−Ｐｂ−Ｐ−Ｆ−Ｏガラスファ
イバレーザの発振特性を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the oscillation characteristics of a Cr-doped Sn-Pb-P-F-O glass fiber laser.
Claims (2)
， Ｐ，ＦおよびＯイオンからなるガラスをコア材料と
し、Ｓｎ， Ｐｂ， Ｐ，ＦおよびＯイオンからなるガ
ラスをクラッド材料としたことを特徴とする増幅用光フ
ァイバ。[Claim 1] Sn, Pb added with Cr ions
, P, F, and O ions as a core material, and a cladding material of glass containing Sn, Pb, P, F, and O ions.
陽イオンＳｎ， Ｐｂ，Ｐの原子濃度が０≦Ｐｂ≦７（
原子パーセント）、４２≦Ｓｎ≦６２（原子パーセント
）、２９≦Ｐ≦５８（原子パーセント）であり、Ｆ お
よびＯの原子比が０＜Ｆ／Ｏ≦０．５ となるガラスを
コアおよびクラッドガラスとしたことを特徴とする請求
項１に記載の増幅用光ファイバ。[Claim 2] The atomic concentration of cations Sn, Pb, and P constituting the core and cladding glass is 0≦Pb≦7 (
42≦Sn≦62 (atomic percent), 29≦P≦58 (atomic percent), and the atomic ratio of F and O is 0<F/O≦0.5 as core and clad glass. The amplification optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2417996A JP2977914B2 (en) | 1990-12-14 | 1990-12-14 | Optical fiber for amplification |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2417996A JP2977914B2 (en) | 1990-12-14 | 1990-12-14 | Optical fiber for amplification |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04219345A true JPH04219345A (en) | 1992-08-10 |
| JP2977914B2 JP2977914B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
Family
ID=18525973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2417996A Expired - Fee Related JP2977914B2 (en) | 1990-12-14 | 1990-12-14 | Optical fiber for amplification |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2977914B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003100926A1 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-12-04 | Photon-X, Inc. | Cr4+DOPED CRYSTAL STRIP-LOADED OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE AMPLIFIERS FOR BROADBAND OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION AROUND 1310 NM |
-
1990
- 1990-12-14 JP JP2417996A patent/JP2977914B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003100926A1 (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-12-04 | Photon-X, Inc. | Cr4+DOPED CRYSTAL STRIP-LOADED OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE AMPLIFIERS FOR BROADBAND OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION AROUND 1310 NM |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2977914B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
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