JPH0421555A - Production of hydraulic substance, method for curing and curing chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent cracks from forming, provide slight water absorption, improve water repellency and inhibit efflorescence, etc., of products by using a calcareous aqueous solution in place of water and preferably further a reaction agent reactive with the efflorescent component in producing a hydraulic substance. CONSTITUTION:A hydraulic substance such as mortar or concrete is produced. In the process, an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide or a calcareous aqueous solution such as eluate of an efflorescent component consisting essentially thereof is used in place of water. Furthermore, a reaction agent (e.g. potassium stearate) such as silica-based or stearic acid-based agent reactive with the efflorescent component is preferably added to produce an unhardened hydraulic substance, which is then subjected to air-dried curing, steam curing, curing with water droplets using an ultrasonic humidifier, autoclave curing, etc., and hardened to produce the hydraulic substance.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is capable of preventing cracks in hydraulic substances, making them difficult to absorb water, making them water repellent, increasing their strength, or increasing their whiteness by controlling water and efflorescence components. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing and curing a hydraulic substance, and a curing room that can suppress flowers.

[Prior art and its problems] First, the terms used in this invention will be explained. The hydraulic substance is a general term for uncured or hardened materials such as mortar, concrete, and calcium silicate that harden through hydration reactions, hydrothermal reactions, and the like.

The efflorescence component refers to water-soluble salts mainly composed of calcium hydroxide that are produced when water is added to cement.

The term "deficit water" refers to the insufficient amount of water necessary for a hydraulic substance to undergo a sufficient hydration reaction or hydrothermal reaction. In addition, the term "reactive agent" refers to a kneaded-type drug that reacts with the efflorescence component, or an additive-type drug that can be added to synthetic resin emulsions, etc.
The reaction liquid refers to an impregnating solution that reacts with the efflorescence component. Hardening also includes semi-hardening, which is hard enough to not collapse even when water or hot water is added. An aqueous solution containing calcium hydroxide or an aqueous solution mainly composed of calcium hydroxide, which is obtained by adding water to cement, hydraulic substances, slaked lime, quicklime, or quicklime exposed to the air. Dehumidifiers include dehumidifiers, dryers, heat pumps and coolers that lower the temperature of steam and liquefy it, fans that discharge steam from the curing room to the outside,
A general term for equipment that liquefies the steam in the curing room, such as automatic doors that open the curing room, or lowers the humidity by liquefying and releasing the steam.

The following methods are known as curing methods, water repellency methods, crack prevention methods, and efflorescence suppression methods for hydraulic materials, including cement-based materials, but they have various problems as explained below. there were.

Underwater curing improves strength over time, but long-term underwater curing is non-industrial and is hardly used. Moreover, it is water absorbent. Air-dry curing has a large amount of water evaporation, the 4-week strength is about half that of water curing, and the strength is low, and water absorption is also high.

In high-temperature curing using heat from the hydration reaction, when the curing chamber is dismantled at high temperatures (the temperature rose to around 50 degrees the day after the hydraulic material was placed), efflorescence occurs due to the rapid evaporation of water. Occur. Although moist air curing can suppress water evaporation,
It is difficult to replenish the insufficient water consumed in the hydration reaction, and no significant increase in strength is observed. In steam curing, the temperature of the hydraulic material becomes higher than the indoor temperature due to the heat of hydration reaction and the heat storage effect of the metal formwork, and even at 100% humidity, the interface between the hydraulic material and air becomes saturated. When it is broken, the water evaporates and evaporates, creating many water borders.Moreover, the hydration reaction consumes water from hydraulic substances, resulting in further moisture shortage, and the initial strength increases considerably due to carbonation, or water absorption increases. No strength increase is observed, and no late strength increase is observed.

In autoclave curing, curing is often performed after steam curing or a long waiting time, and water evaporates before curing, creating a water border, which not only absorbs water but also tends to cause efflorescence during curing.

In addition, if a water repellent agent (including those that exhibit water repellency by reacting with efflorescence components) is applied to the hardened hydraulic material, it will become water repellent, or it will not be able to be coated with paint and will become hydrophobic. Therefore, it peels off over time and loses its effectiveness, and the strength of the hydraulic material mixed with the water-repellent agent decreases.

In addition, the use of a blowing agent is not only costly, but also leaves the water at the water's edge and requires careful training in how to use it.The occurrence of efflorescence depends on many conditions such as the weather and manufacturing method, and there is no appropriate method for suppressing it. Efflorescence can also occur with embedded type efflorescence inhibitors due to different conditions.

[Problem to be solved by the invention 1 This invention provides a method for producing a hydraulic material that solves the above problems,
The purpose is to provide a curing method and a curing room, and the formation of water borders due to the evaporation of water in the very early stages of hydraulic materials (cement paste shrinks and cracks occur in about 3 hours in summer).

), the production rate of efflorescence components (82! It takes about 6 hours to become a hydrous solution), the occurrence of cracks, efflorescence, water absorption,
This was done with the knowledge that it is deeply involved in strength and strength.

[Means and effects for solving the problem] In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a hydraulic material of the present invention uses lime such as an aqueous calcium hydroxide solution or an efflorescence component eluate mainly containing calcium hydroxide instead of water. Use an aqueous solution or add a reactant that reacts with efflorescence components such as silica or stearic acid to create an uncured hydraulic material, and then dry it with air drying, steam curing, or use an ultrasonic humidifier to form fine water droplets. It is characterized by hardening by curing, autoclave curing, etc. (hereinafter abbreviated as lime-based water utilization method).

The above method uses a lime-based aqueous solution (preferably an aqueous solution with a pH of 10 or higher or a saturated aqueous solution if possible) instead of water to create a hydraulic substance, so the rate of evaporation of water is slow even when air-drying. A layer of calcium carbonate with few gaps is formed on the surface in contact with the air, and compared to hydraulic materials made using water, it has fewer water borders and has lower water absorption, and can be cured by steam curing, micro-water droplet curing, or autoclave curing. When this is applied, the water edge becomes extremely small, calcium carbonate is also formed more densely, making it difficult to absorb water, and the hydration reaction or hydrothermal reaction proceeds smoothly, resulting in high strength. Also, in the case of mortar and concrete using cement, the alkali content is preserved, making it more durable.

Furthermore, when a reactive agent is added to a lime-based aqueous solution to create a hydraulic substance, the reactive agent and the lime-based aqueous solution react slowly, and the reactant becomes fine aggregate and the structure becomes dense, resulting in poor water absorption. Increase strength. If the reactant is a substance such as potassium stearate that reacts with an efflorescence component to produce a water-repellent substance such as calcium stearate (hereinafter referred to as a water-repellent substance) or an aqueous solution thereof, it is considered hydraulic. Substances become water-repellent, and when cured while suppressing the evaporation of water, they become difficult to absorb water and become water-repellent.

The method of curing hydraulic materials of this invention comprises applying ultrasonic waves, preferably as soon as possible, to uncured hydraulic materials made with or without the addition of reactants, or uncured materials produced by lime-based water applications. Perform micro-water droplet curing without supplying micro-water droplets at room temperature or heated using a humidifier, perform micro-water droplet/steam curing using a combination of the above-mentioned micro-water droplet curing and steam curing, or perform steam curing or add water or hot water. If it does not disintegrate even when water or hot water is added through curing to suppress water evaporation, such as closed curing, high pressure curing, high pressure steam curing, or autoclave curing, preferably as much as possible. Synthetic resins containing silica-based or stearic acid-based reaction liquids, lime-based aqueous solutions, and reactants that react with water, hot water, and efflorescence components quickly and while there is no or little carbonation at the water's edge. One or more of the emulsions are used as deficient water, and the hydraulic material is replenished or replenished with a sprayer, water sprayer, or ultrasonic humidifier, or the hydraulic material is immersed in the deficient water and the surface water becomes hydraulic. Perform surface water curing to suppress the evaporation of water of the substance, or perform water evaporation suppression/surface water curing using a combination of the surface water curing and the water evaporation suppression curing, or further thereafter, The most popular method is to take out the food that has been soaked in the water shortage mentioned above, and it is characterized by applying water evaporation prevention curing without replenishing the water shortage (hereinafter referred to as the deficit water replenishment method). .

In the above method, preferably, as soon as possible, the uncured hydraulic material is subjected to micro-water droplet or micro-water droplet/steam curing, or surface water curing or water evaporation suppression/surface water curing is performed once it does not disintegrate with water or hot water. Micro-water droplet curing replenishes the water consumed by hydration or hydrothermal reactions without damaging the surface of uncured hydraulic materials, and vaporization of micro-water droplets with a large surface area keeps the room highly humid. When suppressing the evaporation of water in a hydraulic material and using steam curing, the steam suppresses the evaporation of water and the minute water droplets replenish the missing water, so it is possible to cure the water with less vaporization of the minute water droplets, and to cure the water that is left unused. hardening hydraulic material,
Even though it is cured in the air, it is able to perform curing comparable to underwater curing, and not only does it have high strength, but it also has low water absorption due to the formation of a dense calcium carbonate layer produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide gas and efflorescence components. It is also possible to sexualize it. This curing method allows micro water droplets to diffuse into the room, making it easy to supply micro water droplets to any part of the hydraulic material, such as using multiple ultrasonic humidifiers or pumping the air in the room. Therefore, it is possible to continue curing even after demolding, but since microwater droplets produced by an ultrasonic humidifier tend to evaporate at high temperatures, it is desirable to cure at a temperature that does not evaporate.

Surface water curing or water evaporation control/Surface water curing should be applied after water evaporation control curing or air-drying prevents the hydraulic substances from collapsing with water or hot water, and while there is no water edge or there is little carbonation. Therefore, in the case of air-dry curing, even if a water border is formed, insufficient water is replenished to promote the reaction, reducing the diameter of the water border pores to achieve low water absorption and high strength, and in the case of water evaporation suppression curing, the water border is Since it is applied to items that have no or very little amount of water, it is possible to perform ideal curing, and it is possible to achieve even higher strength and less water absorption.

In addition, when applying the water shortage method to unhardened hydraulic materials made by lime-based water utilization, a dense surface layer of calcium carbonate is formed in the hydrated state, and even after one day of curing and air-drying. ,
Similar to underwater curing, the reaction progresses and further formation of compact calcium carbonate results in even higher strength and less water absorption.

In addition, when using a reaction liquid for water shortage, the reaction product of the efflorescence component and the reaction liquid is made into fine aggregate to obtain a hardened product with a dense composition, and when the reaction liquid is a water-repellent substance, it becomes water repellent. When a synthetic resin emulsion containing a reactant is used, the reaction product of the reactant and efflorescence component becomes fine aggregate and becomes a dense composition, while a resin layer is formed on the surface and a lime-based aqueous solution When used, it prevents the elution of the efflorescence component of the hydraulic substance and makes it less absorbent or less absorbent.

In addition, if water evaporation suppression curing is applied after applying the water shortage replenishment method, the water will not evaporate or will evaporate little by little, so the impregnated water will be used for the reaction, making it more difficult to absorb water and increasing its strength.

Another method of curing a hydraulic substance according to the present invention is to supply a lime-based aqueous solution and/or a reaction liquid to an ultrasonic humidifier to form fine droplets, and to cure the hydraulic substance while supplying the fine water droplets. This method is characterized by forming a dense layer of a reactant such as calcium carbonate on the surface of a hydraulic substance (hereinafter abbreviated as surface layer forming method).

In the above method, the lime-based aqueous solution and/or the efflorescence component of the hydraulic substance reacts with the reaction liquid and/or carbon dioxide gas on the surface of the hydraulic substance to form a dense, poorly water-absorbing layer on the surface. It is preferable that the hydraulic substance contains water or that it is cured under high humidity conditions, and that the supply of minute water droplets is also preferably carried out intermittently. Furthermore, when the lime-based aqueous solution and the reaction liquid are used together, they may be made into fine water droplets using different ultrasonic humidifiers and then supplied alternately.

Another method for curing hydraulic materials of the present invention is to cure hardened or unhardened hydraulic materials with or without addition of reactants, or to cure hardened or unhardened hydraulic materials by lime-based water utilization methods. High pressure curing or 100% humidity
Either perform the following alternate curing, or use the heat of hydration reaction in a closed room. One or more of synthetic resin emulsions made by adding water, a reaction liquid, and a reactant to a cured or hardened hydraulic material while suppressing the migration of efflorescence components to the surface, and lime-based aqueous solutions. is impregnated with carbon dioxide gas, a reactant, or a reaction liquid, and an internal efflorescence component and/or impregnated with carbon dioxide gas, a reactant, or a reaction liquid, to the extent that water or liquid does not accumulate on the surface and the internal efflorescence component does not migrate to the surface. The method is characterized by reacting the lime-based aqueous solution under air-dry conditions or under curing to suppress water evaporation (hereinafter abbreviated as efflorescence suppression method).

The above method cures the hydraulic substance by suppressing the migration of the efflorescence component to the surface due to water evaporation, but the water or reaction liquid does not accumulate on the surface of the hydraulic substance and the internal efflorescence component is transferred to the surface. Since the efflorescence component and/or lime-based aqueous solution reacts with the reaction liquid and/or carbon dioxide gas inside the hydraulic material, primary efflorescence and/or secondary efflorescence can be suppressed. . When impregnating a synthetic resin emulsion with a reactant added, a resin film is further formed on the surface, and when a water-repellent substance is used in the reaction liquid, it becomes water-repellent, and under curing to suppress water vaporization. When reacting, it has low water absorption, and when the hydraulic substance is made by lime-based water usage, it has low water absorption.

One of the curing chambers for hydraulic substances according to the present invention is characterized by being equipped with a ceiling heater or a wall heater (hereinafter referred to as a condensation prevention curing chamber).

The above-mentioned curing room can have a high-temperature layer with a temperature higher than the room temperature under the ceiling or further inside the wall, and the humidity is 1.
00%, there is no condensation on the lower surface of the ceiling, and the hydraulic substances are not contaminated by dripping condensed water, and the water in the hydraulic substances is prevented from evaporating due to the decrease in steam due to condensation, resulting in good curing. Is it possible to do this?

Another one of the curing chambers for hydraulic substances of the present invention is equipped with a steam generator such as a water tank equipped with a heat source and an ultrasonic humidifier,
A temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the water or hot water in the steam generator and/or the indoor space, a temperature setting device that sets the desired temperature, and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the set temperature. A temperature control device including a temperature controller for controlling the temperature to a desired temperature, or further comprising one of a water sprinkler, a sprayer, a dehumidifier, a ceiling heater, a wall heater, a humidity control device, and a pressure control device. or two or more (hereinafter abbreviated as hot water droplet breeding room). If a management device or pressure management device is provided, automatic management of humidity and pressure is also possible.

Another type of curing chamber for hydraulic substances according to the present invention is a traveling type which is covered with a non-ventilated or non-ventilated heat insulating material and is equipped with an opening/closing device, or which also serves as a condensation prevention curing chamber or a moist temperature curing chamber. It is characterized by being a retractable curing chamber and/or a retractable curing chamber (L'1. Abbreviated as a retractable curing chamber).

The above-mentioned curing chamber can be moved and cured without moving the hydraulic substance at a storage site or the like, and long-term curing is also possible.

[Example] Table 1 shows cement 276Kg/m3, sand 616Kg/m3
3. Shows concrete data with gravel 1277Kg/m3, W/C=55%, and No. 1 to 3 have air content 5.
4%, slump 12.2cm, NO4 air volume 4.7
%, slump 10.9cm, and kneading temperature are both 14
It was degree. The surfaces of the test specimens were covered with a sheet for No. 2 and No. 3, and sealed, while No. 4 and No. After curing in a constant temperature room for one day, they were removed from the mold, and then experiments were conducted by changing the curing method.

That is, the river was cured in a constant temperature water tank at 21 degrees. N.

No. 2 was cured in the constant temperature room for about 3 days by soaking in water for 1 hour every 6 hours, and then air-dried.

Oki 3- is cured for 30 minutes in warm water of approximately 50 degrees,
The mixed beans were cured for about one hour in steam at about 50 degrees Celsius for about a day and a half, and then air-dried.

No. 4 was air-dried and cured.

For Nos. 1 to 3, water was used for mixing concrete, and for No. 3, lime water was used for mixing. In addition, the strength indicates the compressive strength per 1 square cm, and No. 1 is taken out of the constant temperature water bath.
For NO2 to No.4, the specimens were soaked in water for 4 hours before being tested, and then taken out and tested. The water absorption rates in the table are calculated by measuring the weight before soaking and the weight after removing.

Table 1 No. Curing 1 week strength Water absorption rate 2 week strength 1 Underwater 206.0 247.8196, 3
248.0, Average 2012 Average 24792 Humid air 177.0 0.86% 250.8 Underwater 198.8 0.85% 255.8 Average 1
879 Average 25333 Steam 220.
6 0.48X 268.3 Water leak 227.2
0.50X 264.9 average 2239
Average 26664 Air dry 172.2 0.07$
251188.7010χ 2472 Average 1830 Average 2492*N04 used lime water as the mixing water.

Water absorption rate 4 week strength Water absorption rate average 2982 0.86N 266.7 0.88tO, 86%
263.6 0.91%Average 2652 0.53N 258.8 0.61NO, 54%
286.4 064% average 2726 0.02'l; 297.6 0.29X0.0
5% 278.3 0.32% average 2880 In general, the water absorption rate is a few percent to a dozen percent, or No. 2 to No. 4.
Both are extremely small, less than 1%. Also No1 and No.
4 is a supplementary curing of insufficient water using small water droplets, and there is almost no change in the weight at the time of implantation and after demolding, and NO2 and No3 are 0.15
A weight reduction of around 30% was observed.

This is considered to be the amount of water used in the hydration reaction, and the voids or water borders at the early stage of curing have a large effect on strength and water absorption. Also, the reason that the 2-week strength of NO2 to No4 is higher than that of Mo1 is thought to be due to the formation of dense calcium carbonate, and the reason for the small increase in the 4-week strength of NO2 and 3 is due to the lack of water due to curing after molding. It is thought that this is because it was not replenished.

Table 2 shows the data for aerated concrete using mortar of C (cement): S (sand) - 1:3 and cement paste.W/C is the water (15 ash water) cement ratio, Water curing was performed by soaking in water for 1 hour three times a day, then curing in humid air until 4 days before the test, and then air drying.For steam/hot water curing, hot water was intermittently sprayed. Steam curing was performed for 2 days, followed by air drying.

Table 2 5 Air drying None 621 weeks 16327-3
゜6 Air drying None 621 weeks 18012~
147 Humid air/underwater light 621 weeks 234 2
7～308 Steam/hot water 621 weeks 308
35-40 Use lime water for kneading water 9 Air dry None 621 weeks 17627-3
゜10 Humid air/underwater None 621 weeks 1932
7-3゜11 No steam/hot water 621 weeks 2
9735~4゜12 Air dry Water reducing agent 50 1
Week 234 27~3゜13 Humid air/underwater Water reducer 50 1 week 275 27~3゜14 Steam/hot water Water reducer 50 1 week 338 35~40 Water used in mixing water 15 Air dry Water reducer 50 1 week 205
27-3016 Air dry Water reducer 50 1 week
221 12-1417 Humid air/underwater water reducing agent 50
1N 322 27~3018 Steam/hot water Water reducing agent 50 1 week 34135~4゜Cement paste aerated concrete (specific gravity range 6) 19 Air dry
Foaming agent 451 weeks 2227~3゜20 Humid air/
In water Foaming agent 451 weeks 2827~3°21
Steam/hot water Foaming agent 451 weeks 3935~4°]
88 It is said that underwater curing of concrete increases the strength by about 25% in one week, by about 45% in two weeks, and by about 75% in four weeks, compared to air dry curing.

Although the above data is for mortar (5 cm x 5 cm... x 5 cm) and has not been compared with water curing, it is not difficult to grasp the tendency of strength increase from the data.

In addition, products that use lime water for kneading water have low water absorption even after air-dry curing, and products that have been cured in humid air/water and steam/hot water have low water absorption, including those that use water for kneading water. Made water absorbent or poorly water absorbent. The reason why water is used in the kneading water is that it has low water absorption or low water absorption because compact calcium carbonate is produced by the reaction between the efflorescence component of the mortar itself and carbon dioxide gas.

From the above examples, you will understand the outline of the improvement in water absorption resistance and the improvement in strength. Therefore, examples in which a lime-based aqueous solution or a synthetic resin emulsion with a reactant added to the insufficient water will be omitted, and supplementary examples and examples of other methods will be described next.

Example 22 C:S=1:3, W/C=50% (water reducer used) cow mortar was molded immediately after molding using an ultrasonic humidifier (supplying fine water droplets at 30 degrees and reducing humidity to 95 degrees). % or more and steam cured at a temperature of 30 degrees, and after 12 hours, demolded in a cage, and then heated with a sprayer to prevent the surface water of the mortar from disappearing.
Cured for 48 hours with steam at 35 degrees while intermittently supplying hot water at 35 degrees, then stopped supplying hot water from the sprayer and let the temperature drop to 20 degrees in 24 hours, then removed from the curing room and air-dried. The compressive strength for one week is 369 Kg/c
...2, and had poor water absorption.

Example 23 Water and aluminum powder were added to an appropriate amount of cement, slaked lime, and silica sand fine powder, foamed, and then cured in a humid air for 12 hours while supplying fine water droplets with an ultrasonic humidifier, and then cured in an autoclave. It had poor water absorption compared to conventional ALC. The same applies to foams made using a foaming agent.

Example 24 A green mortar with C:S=1:3 and W/C=62% was molded and then air-dried for 1 day and removed from the mold. Lime water was made into fine droplets using an ultrasonic humidifier, and water was added every 3 hours. The material was cured in a humid air at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius while being supplied intermittently, and after 24 hours, the material taken out from the curing room had poor water absorption.

The above method can also be used to make carbonated hydraulic materials difficult to absorb water.Both the reaction liquid and lime-based aqueous solution are supplied, and a poorly absorbent layer is formed by the reaction product of the reaction liquid and lime-based aqueous solution. However, in the case of a hydraulic material whose carbonation has not progressed very much as in the above example, even if the reaction liquid is supplied instead of a lime-based aqueous solution, it will be difficult to react with the efflorescence component of the hydraulic material itself. It is possible to form a water-absorbing layer. For highly carbonated products, it is preferable to cure them after sufficiently absorbing water.

Example 25 A raw mortar with C:S=1:3, pigment 5%, and W/C=65% was molded, air-dried for 1 day, removed from the mold, and 3 days later, immersed in the reaction solution for 10 minutes and taken out. After curing in the sun and soaking in water for one day, no secondary efflorescence occurred.

In the above method, the surface of a hydraulic material is impregnated with a reaction liquid to such an extent that water or liquid does not accumulate, and the internal efflorescence component or the impregnated lime-based aqueous solution is reacted with the reaction liquid and/or carbonic acid scum. If water or liquid accumulates on the surface, wipe it off and let it cure. When the reaction solution is poured into the container, efflorescence is suppressed to the extent that water does not permeate under normal pressure.

Example 26 Primary efflorescence did not occur when the raw mortar of Example 25 was cured under high pressure for 20 hours in a 5 atm curing chamber.

Example 27 The raw mortar of Example 25 was cured at high temperature using heat from the hydration reaction in a closed curing chamber made of non-ventilated heat insulating material.
The next day, the temperature at the top was about 50 degrees, and when the mold was taken out and removed from the mold, steam suddenly came out from the surface in contact with the mold, and primary efflorescence occurred.

However, when the internal temperature dropped to approximately room temperature on the 21st day and the mold was taken out and demolded, no efflorescence occurred.

Example 28 Raw mortar of Example 25, 100 parts of cement, 1 red shell
A paste made by kneading 38 parts of water to which 0 part and 1% of reactant were added was cured for 24 hours in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40 degrees with humidity of 100% and below 100%, and the temperature dropped to room temperature. When the paste was taken out, no efflorescence occurred and the paste had a glossy surface.

Example 29 A slurry with a ratio of slaked lime: cement: silica sand fine powder - 4:1:10 lime water/powder (slaked lime cement + silica sand fine powder) ratio of 65% was foamed with a foaming agent, and micro water droplet curing in an ultrasonic humidifier was carried out. Humidity 9
5% in a curing chamber at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius for 8 hours, and then cured in an autoclave, which had poor water absorption.

A curing chamber suitable for the above method will be explained below.

Figure 1 shows an example of a curing room in which a ceiling heater 1 is attached to the inner surface of the ceiling of curing room A. Even if steam curing is performed in the curing room, if the ceiling temperature is higher than the steam temperature, no condensation will occur, and water will not condense. Hard materials are not contaminated by dripping condensed water. Furthermore, the wall heater may be mounted inside the wall. Indirectly prevents evaporation of water in hydraulic substances.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a curing chamber in which a car 2 or the like is provided in the lower part of the curing chamber B so that the car can move freely, and the curing chamber may be made movable and/or extendable. Curing can be carried out by moving the curing room without moving the hydraulic substances in the stockyard or the like. Additionally, a ceiling heater may be provided on the ceiling.

Figure 3 shows an example of an experimental curing chamber, where C is a curing chamber covered with a non-ventilated heat insulating material 3, and 4 is a water tank installed at the bottom of the curing chamber, and water tank 4 is equipped with a heater to generate steam. configuring the device. 5 is a shelf with a large number of holes provided in the curing chamber C, 6 is the upper part of the curing chamber C (a fan installed, 7
is a dehumidifier configured by installing a valve 9 in the exhaust pipe 8, and by installing a fan or a compressor in the exhaust pipe 8, the air can be rapidly exhausted to reduce humidity and pressure.
The pressure can be increased by introducing outside air, and dehumidification, pressure changes, etc. can be performed. 10 is an instrument room provided adjacent to the curing room CM, and 11 is an ultrasonic humidifier.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a control system diagram of the curing chamber, in which 12 is a temperature detector set in the curing chamber C, 13 is a temperature display that displays the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12, and 14 is a temperature display that displays the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12. A temperature setting device for setting a desired temperature; 15 a humidity detector for detecting humidity; 6 a humidity indicator for displaying the detected humidity; 17 a humidity setting device for setting a desired humidity; 18 a pressure detection device. 19 is a pressure indicator, 20 is a pressure setting device, 21
22 is a steam generator, 22 is a micro water droplet generator, 23 is a dehumidifier, and 24 compares the temperature, humidity, and pressure detected by each detector with the values set in each setting device, and adjusts them to the desired values. A controller 25 is a time control device that instructs the controller 24, the steam generator 21, the water droplet generator 22, and the dehumidifier 23 to set the time.

Fill the water tank 4 shown in FIG. 3 with water, supply water to the ultrasonic humidifier 11, place a hydraulic substance on the shelf 5, close the opening/closing door to seal it, and set the desired values on each setting device. Also, a desired time is set in the time control device 25 to perform desired curing.

In the above-mentioned curing room, desired curing can be performed automatically or τ' can be performed, or an automatic door that opens and closes at regular intervals can be used in the actual curing room.

In the above-mentioned curing room, the temperature, humidity, and pressure detectors, indicators, setting devices, and controllers respectively constitute temperature, humidity, and pressure control devices, or in practice, they are pressure control devices and humidity control devices. is not necessarily necessary. The wet-drop cow breeding room described above may also be used as the above-mentioned traveling and retractable care room.

This invention can take the following embodiments.

(1) In the examples, whether Portland cement was used as the cement, or the raw materials were not limited to cement-based ones (including various commercially available cements such as blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, etc.); cement and pozzolan, lime and pozzolan. Alternatively, cement and the like are also included, and hydraulic substances include those that are foamed or foamed with a foaming agent or foaming agent, or that are cured and hardened without foaming or foaming.

(2) Various acids, alkano compounds, commercially available concrete additives, etc. can be used in the reactant and reaction solution.
Specifically, for example, the following can be used.

Strong acids such as flowing acid, hydrochloric acid, or nitric acid are 1/1 million to 1/1 million
A dilution solution of about 10 million can be used.

Carboxylic acids such as tartronic acid, malic acid, alcoholic acid, gluconic acid, gulonic acid, citric acid, and ascorbic acid are 1/
A diluting solution or dissolving solution of about 2.0 to 11.5 million can be used.

Alkali such as baking soda, ammonia water, and water glass are 1/1
A diluting solution or dissolving solution of about 0.00 to 17.2 million can be used.

Silicas such as silica sol, silicone, micro silica, and silica fume, thickening agents such as the product name Metroz, water reducing agents,
Water repellent agents, other AE agents, fluidizing agents, surfactants, etc. can be used in diluted solutions of about 3 to 1/100.

A mixture of two or more of the above drugs can be used.

In the examples, unless otherwise specified, appropriate amounts of a water reducing agent, an acid and/or alkali, and a water reducing agent added thereto were used. The amount used is preferably about 0.3 to 100% of the amount of cement.

(3) When using uralime or quicklime, water may be added to it to form a saturated aqueous solution, and then raw materials of senryu may be added to make a hydraulic substance.

(4) If the material or method used in one embodiment is appropriate for other embodiments, it can be used, utilized, or applied to the other embodiments.

[Effect of the invention] The lime-based water utilization method can make hydraulic substances less water absorbent, water repellent, or less water absorbent, and is particularly suitable for site construction where only air-dry curing is performed. It is. The deficient water replenishment method is effective in increasing strength and making it difficult to absorb water, and the method of using lime-based water can reduce shrinkage and prevent cracks, preserve internal alkaline content, and prevent corrosion of reinforcing steel. It can be made more durable. The surface layer forming method can also make highly carbonated hydraulic materials less water absorbent, and is also used to increase the thickness of the less water absorbent layer. The dew condensation prevention curing room can perform good curing by reducing the vaporization and evaporation of water from hydraulic substances and preventing the dripping of condensed water.The wet drip breeding room can automatically control various cow farming methods. You can do what you want.

The traveling and retractable curing chamber allows curing without moving hydraulic substances.

This invention has the above-mentioned effects and can be used for many purposes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are schematic sectional views of two examples of curing chambers, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of one example of the curing chamber, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of one example of a control system. 1...Ceiling heater 11-...Ultrasonic humidifier Figure 1! Figure 4 Procedural amendment 2, Name of the invention Request for manufacturing method and curing method of hydraulic substance and curing room 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant ζ゛Address: 1-285 Miyasaka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156 Contents of the correction The phrase “hydraulic braking quality” on page 12, line 8 has been changed to “
Correct to “hydraulic substances”. On page 13, lines 8 to 10, it is stated that [using an ultrasonic humidifier is preferable]. "Ultrasonic water humidifier 1
= Supply and make. ) into a curing chamber with a lower temperature atmosphere, the heated fine water droplets do not evaporate, so this method is preferable if insufficient water and thermal energy are to be efficiently supplied to the hydraulic material. For example, the temperature in the curing room2
When the temperature is 0 degrees, water droplets at 40 degrees are supplied. The temperature of the fine water droplets may be increased as the temperature in the curing chamber increases, and is approximately 3.
It is also possible to use fine water droplets with a temperature of 0 degrees or higher. In addition, when both increasing humidity and replenishing water shortages are performed using only an ultrasonic humidifier, it is sufficient to supply minute water droplets at approximately the same temperature as the ambient temperature into the curing chamber. ”. 15, lines 13 to 14," should be corrected to "separate Go." On page 23, line 16, "synthetic resin" should be changed to 1
Correct to "synthetic resin type". 1 per line on page 33. ” is written as “[is done”]. The efflorescence suppression method can reliably suppress efflorescence, which until now has been unstable. Corrected to ``also''.

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) Instead of water, use a lime-based aqueous solution such as a calcium hydroxide aqueous solution or an efflorescence component eluate mainly composed of calcium hydroxide.
Alternatively, a reactant that reacts with efflorescence components such as silica or stearic acid may be added to create an uncured hydraulic material, followed by air-drying, steam curing, micro-water droplet curing using an ultrasonic humidifier, or autoclave curing. A method for producing a hydraulic substance, characterized by curing it by subjecting it to the following steps. (2) The uncured hydraulic material made with or without the addition of a reactant, or the uncured hydraulic material according to claim 1, preferably at room temperature or heated with an ultrasonic humidifier as soon as possible. while supplying fine water droplets.
Should micro-droplet curing be performed?, Should micro-droplet curing and steam curing be used in conjunction with the above-mentioned micro-droplets/steam curing, steam curing, curing in a closed room filled with water or hot water, hermetically sealed curing, high-pressure curing , high-pressure steam curing, autoclave curing, or other water evaporation suppression curing, or air-dry curing, and if it does not collapse even when water or hot water is added, preferably as soon as possible and remove the carbon dioxide with no or little water gap. While the temperature is still low, add one or more of the following: water, hot water, a silica-based or stearic acid-based reaction solution that reacts with the efflorescence component, a lime-based aqueous solution, and a synthetic resin emulsion containing a reactant. To deal with the water shortage, use a sprayer, water sprinkler, or ultrasonic humidifier to replenish or replenish the hydraulic material, or soak the hydraulic material in the water that is lacking and use surface water to suppress the evaporation of water in the hydraulic material. Curing￥Perform surface water curing￥￥￥￥￥￥￥surface water curing and water evaporation suppression curing ￥￥￥water evaporation suppression/surface water curing￥￥, or after that, immerse in the above-mentioned insufficient water This is a method of curing hydraulic substances, which is characterized by removing water from the atmosphere, leaving it in the atmosphere, and applying water evaporation prevention curing without replenishing insufficient water. (3) Supply the lime-based aqueous solution and/or reaction liquid to an ultrasonic humidifier to turn it into fine water droplets, and cure the fine water droplets while supplying them to the hydraulic material, and coat the surface of the hydraulic material with calcium carbonate, etc. A method of curing hydraulic substances characterized by forming a dense layer of reactants. (4) The cured or uncured hydraulic material made with or without the addition of a reactant, or the cured or uncured hydraulic material of claim 1, is cured at high pressure or alternately at a humidity of 100% and 100% or less. After curing at high temperature using the heat of hydration reaction in a closed room, the temperature is lowered to room temperature or near room temperature and then curing is performed to open the closed room. Curing to suppress the migration of components to the surface, or hardened hydraulic materials,
Synthetic resin emulsion containing water, reaction liquid, and reactant;
and lime-based aqueous solution at normal pressure or high pressure to the extent that water or liquid does not accumulate on the surface and internal efflorescence components do not migrate to the surface, carbon dioxide gas, reactant, Alternatively, a method for curing a hydraulic substance, which is characterized by reacting a reaction liquid with an internal efflorescence component and/or an impregnated lime-based aqueous solution under air-dry conditions or under curing to suppress water evaporation. (5) A curing room for hydraulic substances characterized by being equipped with a ceiling heater or a wall heater. (6) A water tank or the like equipped with a heat source is equipped with a steam generator and an ultrasonic humidifier, and is equipped with a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the water or hot water in the steam generator and/or the indoor space, and a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the water or hot water in the steam generator and/or indoor space. Equipped with a temperature control device comprising a temperature setting device to set the temperature and a temperature controller to control the temperature to a desired temperature based on the detected temperature detected by the temperature detector and the set temperature, or further water sprinkling. A curing room for a hydraulic substance, characterized in that it is equipped with one or more of a container, a sprayer, a dehumidifier, a ceiling heater, a wall heater, a humidity control device, and a pressure control device. (7) Traveling type and/or telescopic type covered with a non-breathable or non-breathable heat insulating material, equipped with an opening/closing device, or further serving as a curing chamber according to claim 5 or 6. Curing room for hydraulic substances.