JPH04207407A - Plane antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To send and receive a radio wave of a right rotatory circularly polarized wave or a left rotatory circularly polarized wave by revising the way of assembling depending on the case with the arrangement of a ground conductor plate to one side of a radiation board or the case with the arrangement of a ground conductor plate to the other side of a radiation board. CONSTITUTION:A radiation board 2 where plural radiation elements 7 and a feeder 8 are formed to one side of a flexible insulation board and a ground conductor plate 4 are arranged apart by a prescribed interval and the face of the radiation board 2 on which the radiation elements 7 are formed and the ground conductor plate 4 are provided opposite to each other. Or the face of the radiation board 2 on which no radiation element 7 is formed and the ground conductor plate 4 are arranged opposite to each other. a right rotatory circularly polarized wave or a left rotatory circularly polarized wave is sent and received by selecting the way of the board arrangement. Thus, the transmission and reception of the rotatory circularly polarized wave or the left rotatory circularly polarized wave is attained by revising the way of the assembling of the antenna in this way.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a flat antenna used in satellite communications and the like.

(Prior technology) Conventionally, planar antennas compatible with circularly polarized waves have been made using a microstrip patch type planar antenna, which is a thin conductor of a predetermined shape attached to a rigid substrate with a resin layer with a low dielectric constant, or a microstrip patch type planar antenna, which is made by attaching a thin conductor of a predetermined shape to a rigid substrate with a resin layer with a low dielectric constant. A microstrip punch type planar antenna with a thin conductor pasted is known.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of such a microstrip patch type planar antenna.

The microstrip patch type planar antenna shown in this figure includes a film substrate 104 on which a plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements 101 and a feed line 102 are formed, and
and a ground conductor 103 arranged a predetermined distance apart, and when right-handed circularly polarized waves (or left-handed circularly polarized waves) are incident from a prescribed direction, each circularly polarized wave radiating element 101 After converting this into a received signal, it is supplied to a receiver (not shown) via the feed line 102.

In addition to such a microstrip punch type planar antenna, a microstrip patch type planar antenna as shown in FIG. 11, for example, is also known.

The microstrip patch type planar antenna shown in this figure includes a film substrate 106 on which a circularly polarized wave radiating element 105 having an elliptical shape or the like is formed, and a film substrate 10 on which a feed line 107 is formed and arranged on the back side of the film substrate 106.
8 and a ground conductor 109 arranged a predetermined distance apart on the back side of the film substrate 108, and when right-handed circularly polarized waves (or left-handed circularly polarized waves) are incident from a prescribed direction. , each circularly polarized wave radiating element 105 converts this into a received signal, and then supplies it to a receiver (not shown) via a feed line 107.

In addition to such a microstrip punch type planar antenna, for example, a microstrip patch type planar antenna as shown in FIG. 12 is also known.

The microstrip patch type planar antenna shown in this figure includes a film substrate 117 on which a circularly polarized wave radiating element 113 and a feed line 114 are formed, and each of the circularly polarized wave radiating elements 113.
A conductor plate 116 has a hole 115 of a specific shape formed at a location corresponding to the conductor plate 116 and is placed a predetermined distance away from the front surface of the film substrate 17, and a conductor plate 116 is placed a predetermined distance away from the back side of the film substrate 117. When right-handed circularly polarized waves (or left-handed circularly polarized waves) are incident from a predetermined direction through the multi-holes 115 of the conductor plate 116, each circularly polarized wave radiating element 113 After converting this into a received signal, it is supplied to a receiver (not shown) via the feed line 114.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Incidentally, it is thought that satellite broadcasting and satellite communication, particularly in the SHF band, will become popular in the future.

Some of these systems, such as satellite broadcasting, utilize circularly polarized waves. In the case of satellite broadcasting, the electric fields are rotated in opposite directions to prevent interference between neighboring countries' communication networks.

Additionally, as the power of radio waves transmitted from satellites increases, receiving antennas are likely to become smaller and portable, making them easier to carry.

In such cases, a wideband receiving antenna can receive many of the frequencies used around the world.

However, since the conventionally known microstrip patch type planar antenna can only receive electric fields in a specific direction of rotation, there is a problem in that the broadcasts that can be received are limited.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a planar antenna that can transmit and receive radio waves with right-handed circularly polarized waves and radio waves with left-handed circularly polarized waves by changing the assembly details of the antenna. is intended to provide.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, a planar antenna according to the present invention includes a radiating substrate in which a plurality of radiating elements and a feed line are formed on one side of a flexible insulating base material, and a ground conductor plate. and arranged at a certain distance from each other, and the surface of the radiating board on which the radiating element is formed faces the ground conductor plate;
Alternatively, by choosing to provide the radiating board so that the surface that does not form the radiating element and the ground conductor face each other, it is possible to transmit and receive right-handed circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves. It is characterized by

(Function) In the above configuration, when the ground conductor plate is placed on one side of the radiation board, it transmits and receives radio waves of either right-handed circularly polarized waves or left-handed circularly polarized waves, and the other side of the radiation board When a ground conductor plate is placed on the side, either right-handed circularly polarized waves or left-handed circularly polarized waves are transmitted and received.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a planar antenna according to the present invention.

The planar antenna 1 shown in this figure includes a film substrate 2, a converter 3, a ground conductor plate 4, and a spacer 5. Ground conductor plate 4 and spacer 5
When integrated, it becomes an antenna for receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves, and when the film substrate 2 is turned over and these film substrates 2 to 5 are integrated, it becomes an antenna for receiving left-handed circularly polarized waves. becomes.

As shown in FIG. 2, the film substrate 2 includes a thin insulating resin film 6 such as a polyethylene terephthalate film sheet or a polyimide film sheet, and a copper foil or a copper foil of about tens of micrometers pasted on the surface of this insulating resin film 6. A plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements 7 for receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves formed by etching or other processing on aluminum foil;
A feeder line 8 formed by etching the copper foil or aluminum foil is formed at a position that coincides with the center line of the insulating resin film 6, and its negative end is connected to the feeder line 8. It includes a lead part 9 and an insulating coat 10 covering the lead part 9.

Further, the ground conductor plate 4 includes an aluminum plate or the like that serves as a ground plane for each of the circularly polarized wave radiating elements 7, and a part thereof has an opening 11 penetrating vertically and two screw holes 12 formed therein. At the same time, two screw holes 13 are formed on the back surface thereof.

Further, the spacer 5 has a predetermined thickness and is made of a dielectric material with a low dielectric constant (for example, styrene foam) that maintains the distance between the ground conductor plate 4 and the film substrate 2 at a predetermined value, and An opening 14 passing through the conductor plate 4 in the vertical direction is formed at a position corresponding to the opening 11 of the conductor plate 4, and a hole 15 passing through the conductor plate 4 in the vertical direction is formed at a position corresponding to each of the screw holes 12.

The converter 3 also includes an outer shell 16 made of aluminum die-casting or the like, and a joint 19 formed at the tip of the outer shell 16, with flanges 17 formed on both sides of the tip. It is connected to the back surface of the ground conductor plate 4 by two screws 18, and is short-circuited to the ground conductor 4 and held at the same potential.

The connecting portion 19 includes a tubular connecting portion 20 formed at the tip of the converter 3 by die-casting aluminum or the like, and a connecting portion 20 made of aluminum die-casting or the like that abuts against the tip end of the connecting portion 20 and closes the opening side of the connecting portion 2o. Short circuit cap 21
It is equipped with

When these film substrate 2, converter 3, ground conductor plate 4, and spacer 5 are integrated,
First, the converter 3 is placed on the back side of the ground conductor plate 4,
In addition, a short-circuiting cap 21 is arranged on the front surface side of the film substrate 2.

In this state, the connecting portion 20 is connected to the opening 11 formed in the ground conductor plate 4 and the opening 1 formed in the spacer 5.
4, the position of the film substrate 2 is adjusted so that the lead portion 9 at the tip of the feed line 8 formed on the film substrate 2 is located at the center of the opening of the coupling portion 20.

Next, after the opening of the coupling part 20 and the opening of the shorting cap 21 are aligned, each flange 22 formed on the side of the shorting camp 21 and the hole 1 of the spacer 5 are aligned.
5. The screw 23 is inserted into the screw hole 12 of the ground conductor 4 to fix the shorting cap 21 to the grounding conductor 4, so that the shorting cap 21 and the coupling part 20 are electrically short-circuited.

As a result, the coupling portion 20 and the lead portion 9 constitute a microstrip-to-waveguide conversion portion, and the feed line 8 and the converter 3 are electrically coupled.

In this case, since the circularly polarized wave radiating element 7 for right-handed circularly polarized wave reception is formed on the surface of the film substrate 2, the surface side of the film substrate 2 is facing up and the film substrates 2 to 5 are
When integrated, right-handed circularly polarized radio waves are received, and when the film substrate 2 to spacer 5 are integrated with the surface side of film substrate 2 facing down, left-handed circularly polarized radio waves are received. It receives a radio wave, converts it into a received signal, and supplies it to a receiving device (not shown) via a feed line 8, a microstrip/waveguide converter, and a converter 3.

Thus, in this embodiment, the film substrate 2
When integrating the converter 3, the ground conductor plate 4, and the spacer 5, the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized radio waves to be received can be adjusted by turning the surface side of the film substrate 2 upward or downward. Since it is possible to switch between the radio waves, it is possible to selectively receive right-handed circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves.

Also, remove the screw 23 and remove the short circuit cap 2.
Since the film substrate 2 can be easily turned over by removing the film substrate 1, the film substrate 2 can be easily turned over even after the film substrate 2, the converter 3, the ground conductor plate 4, and the spacer 5 are integrated. can be easily turned over,
Thereby, the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized radio waves to be received can be easily reversed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the planar antenna according to the present invention.

The planar antenna 30 shown in this figure includes a film substrate 31,
converter 32, ground conductor plate 33, and guide rail 3
By setting the ground conductor plate 33 on the back side of the film substrate 31 set on the guide rail 34, it becomes an antenna for receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves. By setting the ground conductor plate 33 on the front side (upper side in Figure 113) of the film substrate 31 set on the rail 34,
This is an antenna for receiving left-handed circularly polarized waves.

The guide rail 34 includes a metal frame 35 having an rtE"-shaped cross section, holding plates 36.37 formed at the front and rear of the frame 35, and grooves 38.3 of the frame 34.
A film substrate 31 is attached to the frame portion 35 and each holding plate 36.37, and a ground conductor plate 33 is attached to one of the grooves 38.39. It is inserted and fixed by the leaf spring 40.

The film substrate 31 includes a thin insulating resin film 44 such as a polyethylene terephthalate film sheet or a polyimide film sheet, and a copper foil or aluminum foil with a thickness of several tens of μm pasted on one side of the insulating resin film 44 by etching or the like. A plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements 41 for right-handed circularly polarized wave reception formed by processing, a feeder line 42 formed by etching or the like on the copper foil or aluminum foil, and this feeder line 42 It is provided with a coaxial line 43 formed at the tip of the frame 35 and the center of each holding plate 36, 37 with the surface facing upward, and is bonded so as to be tensioned uniformly over the entire surface. It is fixed to the frame portion 35 and each of the holding plates 36 and 37 by adhesive or the like.

The converter 32 also includes an outer shell 45 made of aluminum die-casting or the like, and is connected to one side of the frame 35 constituting the guide rail 34 with a screw or the like, thereby connecting the frame 35 and the ground. It is short-circuited with the conductor plate 33 to have the same potential, and is electrically connected to the coaxial line 43 provided at the tip of the feed line 42 of the film substrate 31 by a coupling portion 46 formed on the tip side thereof.

The coupling section 46 has a through hole formed in the converter 32, and is connected to the center conductor of the coaxial line 43 to constitute a microstrip/coaxial conversion section and electrically couples the feed line 42 and the converter 32. .

Further, the ground conductor plate 33 is composed of an aluminum plate or the like that serves as a ground plane for each of the circularly polarized wave radiating elements 41,
It is inserted into one of the multi-grooves 38 and 39 formed in the guide rail 34 and fixed by a leaf spring 40.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, when the ground conductor plate 33 is inserted into the groove 39 formed on the lower side of the frame with the surface side of the film substrate 31 facing up and is fixed by the leaf spring 40. , serves as a planar antenna for receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves, and when a right-handed circularly polarized radio wave is received by each circularly polarized wave radiating element 41, it converts this into a received signal and transmits it to the feed line 42 and The signal is supplied to the converter 32 via a microstrip/coaxial converter.

Further, as shown in 5 rgJ, the ground conductor plate 33 is inserted into the groove 38 formed on the lower side of the frame portion 35 (the lower side in FIG. 5) with the front side of the film substrate 31 facing down, and the plate spring is inserted into the groove 38. 40, each circularly polarized wave radiating element 4 becomes a planar antenna for left-handed circularly polarized wave reception.
1 receives a left-handed circularly polarized radio wave, it is converted into a received signal and supplied to the converter 32 via the feed line 42 and the microstrip/coaxial converter.

As described above, in this embodiment, the ground conductor plate 33 is inserted and fixed into one of the multi-grooves 38 and 39 formed in the frame 35, and the ground conductor plate 33 is positioned below the film substrate 31. By setting the orientation of the frame 35 and the holding plates 36 and 37 in such a way, the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized radio waves to be received can be changed. It is also possible to selectively receive left-handed circularly polarized radio waves.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a third embodiment of the planar antenna according to the present invention.

The planar antenna 50 shown in this figure includes a second radiation substrate 51,
a converter 52 and a first radiation board 51.

When the second radiation board 51 is set on the guide rail 54 with its surface side up, it becomes an antenna for receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves. Place this side down on the guide rail 54
When set to , it becomes an antenna for receiving left-handed circularly polarized waves.

The guide rail 54 has a cross section having a groove 57 of a predetermined width formed on the lower side of the inner surface and a groove 58 of a predetermined width formed on the upper side of the inner surface at a predetermined distance from the groove 57.
A U-shaped metal frame 55, a bottom plate 56 for a ground conductor integrally formed on the bottom side of the metal frame 55, and a closing plate 59 that closes one end of the metal frame 55 in an openable and closable manner. and,
The closing plate 59 is provided with two screws 60 for fixing it to one end of the metal frame 55, and the first radiation board 51 is inserted into the lower groove 57 formed in the metal frame 55. After being immobilized, the 112 radiation substrate 51 is placed in the groove 58 on the upper side.
is attached upward or downward, and a closing plate 59 is attached to one end side of the metal frame portion 55 with a screw 6o. 2 radiation board 51 and guide rail 5
4 and the first radiation substrate 51 are integrated.

The first radiation substrate 51 also includes a resin substrate 65 having a certain degree of rigidity and made of a resin with a low dielectric constant, such as Teflon glass or polyethylene.
A plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements 49 formed by performing etching or other processing on copper foil or aluminum foil with a thickness of approximately several tens of μm are pasted on one surface of the resin substrate 65, and a plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements 49 are pasted on one surface of the resin substrate 65. A feeder line 66 formed by etching or other processing on copper foil or aluminum foil with a thickness of about 10 μm to connect each of the circularly polarized wave radiating elements 49, and a lead portion 68 formed at the tip of this feeder line 66. and a spacer 69 made of expanded polystyrene and having a predetermined thickness and provided on the back side of the resin substrate 65.

A groove 57 is formed on the lower side of the guide rail 54 in a state where the resin substrate 65 and the spacer 69 are stacked.
and a lead portion 68 formed at the tip of the feed line 66 after being inserted and fixed therein.

The resin substrate 65, the spacer 69, and the insulating section 70 (1
A conductive wire 71 is inserted so as to pass through the converter 52 (see Fig. r7), and one end thereof is connected to the lead portion 68 by soldering or the like, and the other end is made to protrude into the converter 52.

Further, the second radiation substrate 51 has a thin insulating resin film 61 such as a polyethylene terephthalate film sheet or a polyimide film sheet, and a cross section with a "mouth" shape to which the edge resin film 61 is attached so as to be evenly tensioned. A support body 62 and a plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements 63 formed by etching or other processing a copper foil or aluminum foil with a thickness of about several tens of micrometers pasted on the surface of the insulating resin film 61. Equipped with guide rail 54
After being inserted into the groove 58 formed on the upper side of the screw 60
A closing plate 59 is attached to one end of the frame portion 54 and fixed to the guide rail 54.

In this case, each circularly polarized wave radiating element 63 is connected to the first radiating substrate 5.
By changing the relative positional relationship with each of the circularly polarized wave radiating elements 49 of 3, the phase of electromagnetic coupling changes, allowing reception of right-handed circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves. When the position of each circularly polarized wave radiating element 63 on the second radiating substrate 51 is reversed, the circularly polarized wave in the opposite direction is received.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the converter 52 includes an outer shell 72 made of aluminum die-casting or the like, and is connected to the back surface of the bottom plate 56 constituting the guide rail 54 with screws or the like. They are short-circuited to have the same potential, and are electrically coupled to the lead portion 68 via a conductive wire 71 protruding from the bottom plate 56 using a microstrip/coaxial conversion method.

Then, with the front side of the second radiation board 51 facing up, the second radiation board 51 is inserted into the groove 58 formed on the upper side of the metal frame part 55, and one end of the metal frame part 55 is screwed with the screw 60. When the closing plate 59 is attached and fixed to the guide rail 54, the first radiation board 51 and the second radiation board 51 are positioned, and each circularly polarized wave radiation element 63 formed on the second radiation board 51 and , each circularly polarized wave radiating element 49 formed on the first radiation substrate 53 is in a positional relationship to receive right circularly polarized radio waves.

As a result, when each circularly polarized wave radiating element 63 receives a right-handed circularly polarized radio wave, it converts it into a received signal and supplies it to the converter 52 via the feed line 66, lead section 68, and conducting wire 71. do.

In addition, with the surface side of the second radiation board 51 facing down, the second radiation board 51 is inserted into the groove 58 formed on the upper side of the metal frame part 55, and one end of the metal frame part 55 is inserted with the screw 60. When the closing plate 59 is attached and fixed to the guide rail 54, the first radiation board 51 and the second radiation board 51 are positioned, and each circularly polarized wave radiation element 63 formed on the second radiation board 51 and , each circularly polarized wave radiating element 49 formed on the first radiating substrate 53 is in a positional relationship to receive left circularly polarized radio waves.

As a result, when each circularly polarized wave radiating element 63 receives a left-handed circularly polarized radio wave, it converts it into a received signal and supplies it to the converter 52 via the feed line 66, lead section 68, and conducting wire 71. .

As described above, in this embodiment, the guide rail 54 is installed with the surface side of the second radiation board 51 facing up or down.
Since the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized radio waves to be received is changed by inserting the antenna into the antenna, it is possible to selectively receive right-handed circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves.

Furthermore, even after determining the direction of rotation of the radio wave to be received, after removing the screw 60 and removing the closing plate 59, the second radiation board 51 is removed from the guide rail 54, turned over, and guided again. By setting it on the rail 54 and attaching the closing plate 59 with the screws 60, the direction of rotation of the radio waves to be received can be easily switched.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the planar antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the same embodiment. In these figures, parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 6 and 7 are given the same reference numerals.

The planar antenna 50b shown in this figure differs from the planar antennas shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in that a slot board 75 is used instead of the second radiation board 51.

The slot board 75 is made of a metal plate, and includes a ground conductor plate 76 in which a plurality of slots 80 are formed in predetermined portions.
and a cross-section shaped support 77 provided to surround the edge of the ground conductor plate 76, and after being inserted into the groove 58 formed on the upper side of the guide rail 54. A closing plate 59 is attached to one end of the frame portion 54 with screws 60 and fixed to the guide rail 54.

In this case, by changing the relative positional relationship with each of the circularly polarized wave radiating elements 49 of the tJ1 radiation board 53, each slot 8o changes the phase of electromagnetic coupling, and receives right-handed circularly polarized radio waves. It is shaped to receive left-handed circularly polarized radio waves, and when the position of each slot 80 on the second radiation board 51 is reversed, it receives circularly polarized waves in the opposite direction.

In this way, in this embodiment, the slot board 75
Place the guide rail 5 with the surface side up or down.
4 to switch the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized radio waves to be received, so it is possible to selectively receive right-handed circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, by changing the assembly details of the antenna, it is possible to transmit and receive right-handed circularly polarized radio waves and left-handed circularly polarized radio waves.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the planar antenna according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the planar antenna shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the planar antenna according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an assembly example of the planar antenna shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an assembly example of the planar antenna shown in FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the planar antenna shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the planar antenna according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the planar antenna shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventionally known planar antenna, and FIG. 11 is another example of a conventionally known planar antenna. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing another example of a conventionally known planar antenna. l... Planar antenna 2... Radiation board (film substrate) 4... Ground conductor plate 6... Insulating base material (insulating resin film) 7... Radiation element (circularly polarized wave radiation element) 8 ...Power supply line cost Patent attorney Hidekazu Miyoshi W11 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 111 Figure 12

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A radiating board with a plurality of radiating elements and a feed line formed on one side of a flexible insulating base material and a ground conductor plate are placed at a certain distance from each other, and the radiating elements of this radiating board are formed. By choosing to provide the surface of the radiation board so that it faces the ground conductor plate, or the surface that does not form the radiating element of the radiation board and the ground conductor, it is possible to turn right. A planar antenna that transmits and receives circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves. (2) Each radiating element is connected to a transmitting device or a receiving device by a feed line formed on the radiating substrate and a waveguide attached to either surface of the radiating substrate. Planar antenna. (3) The plane according to claim 1, further comprising a frame body that holds the flexible insulating substrate under tension, and a connecting portion for connecting each radiating element to a transmitting device or a receiving device, which is pulled out from the frame body. antenna. (4) A second radiating board having a plurality of radiating elements and a feeder line formed on one surface of a flexible insulating base material and a ground conductor plate are arranged at a constant distance from each other, and A planar antenna, characterized in that it transmits and receives right-handed circularly polarized radio waves or left-handed circularly polarized radio waves by selecting the positional relationship between the radiation element-forming surface of the radiating substrate and the radiating substrate. . (5) A grounding conductor plate, a radiating board in which a plurality of radiating elements and a feeder line are formed on one side of a flexible insulating base material, and a second grounding conductor plate in which a plurality of slots are formed in the conductor plate. They are arranged at a certain distance from each other, and by selecting slots formed in the second ground conductor plate, radio waves of right-handed circularly polarized waves or radio waves of left-handed circularly polarized waves can be transmitted and received. A planar antenna.