JPH0420725Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention collects valuables wrapped in bags from among the garbage discharged from general households, for example, and then tears the bags and stores them inside the bags. The present invention relates to a bag tearing machine that can be used in waste recycling plants that collect valuable materials such as bottles.

(Prior art) Conventional bag tearing machines include a caterpillar type as shown in Figure 6, a drum type as shown in Figure 7, a roll type as shown in Figure 8, and a roll type as shown in Figure 9. There is a hook type one. The one shown in FIG. 6 is composed of a bag to be destroyed 1, a driving section 30, a caterpillar 31, a cutter 32 attached to the caterpillar 31, a lower conveying device 33, and the like. In this device, a caterpillar 31 is rotated in the direction of the arrow or vice versa by the rotational power of a drive unit 30, and the bag to be broken 1 transported by a lower transport device 33 is broken by a knife 32.

The thing in FIG. 7 shows the torn bag 1, the drive unit 30, the drum 34, and the cutter 35 attached to the drum 34.
It is made up of etc. This device rotates the drum 34 in the direction of the arrow by the rotational power of the drive unit 30,
When the bag to be torn 1 passes through the drum 34 while rotating, the bag is torn by a knife 35.

FIG. 8 shows the bag to be torn 1, the drive unit 30, the roll 36, and the cutter 37 attached to the roll 36.
It is made up of etc. In this device, the left and right rolls 36 are rotated in the direction of the arrow by the rotational power of a drive unit 30, a rotation difference is provided between the left and right rolls 36, and the bag to be broken 1 is supplied to the rolls 36 and broken by a knife 37.

The one shown in FIG. 9 is composed of the bag to be torn 1, a driving section 30, a connecting arm 38, a hook 39, a lower conveying device 40, and the like. This device transmits power to a connecting arm 38 by the reciprocating motion of a drive unit 30, and transfers the to-be-destroyed bag 1 transported by a lower transport device 40 to a hook 3.
Break the bag at 9.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional apparatus shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, there are problems such as clogging of the bag to be broken 1 in the bag breaking section, excessive crushing of valuables in the bag, and string-like objects that are not broken. However, no measures were taken to clear the blockage, control excessive crushing, re-tear the bags that could not be torn, or release the entrapment. In addition, it is not possible to tear the bag without crushing the collected items inside the bag to the maximum extent possible, which is the purpose of bag breaking, to separate the bag and the collected items inside the bag, and to make it easier to sort and collect the collected items at a later stage. There were problems such as.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention was proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional art, and includes a conveying device for conveying a to-be-destroyed bag by disposing lower blades at a constant pitch on the conveying surface; A bag tearing blade frame is movable up and down along the main body frame in the upper part of the conveyance device and is held at the lower limit position by a stopper; Upper blades that perform a bag-breaking action together with the lower blades are arranged so as to face downward alternately with the lower blades, and the upper blades are vertically oscillated so that the tips of the upper blades stop slightly above the conveyance surface of the conveyance device. The presser plate is movable and swings upward due to the repulsive force of the torn bag, and a piston rod is connected to the presser plate to hold the presser plate at the lower limit position.While the repulsive force of the torn bag is small, the presser plate The plate is pivoted to the bag-breaking blade frame, which swings the plate up and down, and when a repulsive force of more than a certain level is applied to the presser plate by the bag to be torn, the presser plate swings upward significantly. a cylinder, a cylinder for a bag-breaking blade frame that is attached to the main body frame and has a piston rod connected to the bag-breaking blade frame to push the bag-breaking blade frame down to a position where it abuts the stopper; each piston of both cylinders; The respective electromagnetic switching valves that switch the air piping connected to the descending and ascending sides of the presser plate are activated by being pushed by the presser plate when the presser plate rises when a repulsive force of more than a certain level is exerted on the presser plate, and each of the above-mentioned A limit switch that sends a signal to each electromagnetic switching valve so that the piston of the cylinder changes to the upward movement, and the cylinder for the bag-breaking blade frame raises the bag-breaking blade frame to remove the bag to be torn. and a mechanism that issues a switching signal to each of the electromagnetic switching valves to lower the respective pistons of the two cylinders after the overload is released, and this is used as a means for solving the problem. It is.

(Operation) The bag to be torn that is transported on the transport surface is cut and torn by being caught between the lower blade on the transport surface and the upper blade attached to the holding plate that swings downward from above.
Collected items such as bottles inside the bag are exposed, making it easier to sort them at a later stage. At this time, a repulsive force acts on the holding plate, but this repulsive force can be suppressed by keeping the required pressure of a piston, etc. The bag-breaking action is performed while swinging up and down.

In addition, if a large amount of baggage to be broken or bulky waste that cannot be broken is fed, the repulsive force applied to the press plate becomes large and the press plate is pushed up, which is detected and removed. A signal is given to the piston, etc. to hold the holding plate in that state, and after the bag to be torn has passed, this state is detected by a limit switch, etc., and the holding plate is lowered to continue the bag-breaking action of the bag to be torn. .

(Example) The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Figures 1 to 5 show examples of the present invention, with Figure 1 in a predetermined position and Figure 2 showing the presser plate and upper blade side. FIG. 3 shows the state in which the entire apparatus is lifted up, and the bag is broken. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, lower blades 6 are arranged at a constant pitch on the conveying surface of the lower conveying device 5, and are designed to convey the to-be-destroyed bag 1 that wraps the to-be-recovered article 12 in the direction of the arrow. There is. In addition,
The installation angle of the lower conveyance device 5 may be horizontal, upwardly inclined forwardly, or downwardly inclined forwardly.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a presser plate, on which upper blades 4 are arranged, which can be vertically swung around a hinge 11 by a cylinder 2, and normally a required pressure is always applied downward. The lower end of the upper blade 4 is adapted to stop slightly above the conveying surface of the lower conveying device 5, and has a lapping margin with the lower blade 6. In this state, the bag-breaking action is performed. Reference numeral 8 denotes a bag-breaking blade frame, which is guided by a guide plate 10 of a main body frame 9 and can be moved up and down by the force of a cylinder 7. The lower limit of vertical movement is
The position of the bag-breaking blade frame 8 is held by a stopper 14. Further, when the holding plate 3 is subjected to the repulsive force of the bag to be torn 1 and swings upward, this state can be detected by the limit switch 13.

Next, to explain the operation of the bag tearing machine which is an embodiment of the present invention, for example, it collects bagged garbage such as bottles, cans, plastics, etc. that are thrown away from ordinary households, and sorts out valuables (bottles, etc.). At reusing facilities, the bags are torn open to make it easier to sort out the valuables inside.

In the present invention, when the bag to be torn 1 (for example, a plastic bag, paper bag, cardboard box, etc.) is cut and torn with the lower blade 6 and the upper blade 4, the bottles, cans, etc. inside the bag are cut and torn.
Since plastics appear, sorting in the subsequent stage becomes easier. Normally, in the state shown in Figure 5, the upper blade 4
The bag-breaking action is performed by the lower blade 6. However, the repulsive force applied to the presser plate 3 differs depending on the size, shape, type, amount, etc. of the bag to be torn 1.

Then, an upward repulsive force is applied to the piston of the cylinder 2 through the holding plate 3, and the internal pressure in the pneumatic pipe 17, which normally pushes the piston downward, increases as shown in FIG. However, a pressure control valve 18 for releasing the pressure in the pipe 17 higher than required into the atmosphere.
is provided, any pressure above the required level is released to the atmosphere, and the required pressure is maintained. Therefore, while the air is being released into the atmosphere, the presser plate 3 rises, and depending on the difference in the bag to be torn 1, it automatically swings up and down to efficiently break the bag. The required pressure can be adjusted by a pressure control valve 18. Furthermore, in order to supply the appropriate working pressure to the cylinder side with respect to the source pressure, the pressure control valve 2
It can be adjusted by 1.

In addition, when a large amount of baggable items 1 are supplied, or when bulky waste that cannot be broken is supplied, the repulsive force applied to the presser plate 3 increases, and eventually the air pressure in the pipe 17 is compressed by the repulsive force. The presser plate 3 is lifted and reaches the place where the limit switch 13 is attached. The limit switch 13 is operated by the operating bar 15 attached to the presser plate 3.
If the limit switch 13 continues to operate and the overload phenomenon in the bag tearing machine continues, the upper blade side and lower conveying device 5 will be overloaded.

However, at this time, a detection signal from the limit switch 13 is applied to the electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 20 in the air piping system connected to the cylinders 2 and 7, and the switching valve 1
By switching between 9 and 20, the air pressure can be adjusted to the pipe 2.
2, and both the pistons of cylinders 2 and 7 are forcibly raised. Accordingly, the presser plate 3 and the bag-breaking blade frame 8 also rise, resulting in the state shown in FIG. The torn bag 1 then passes through and the overload condition is released.

Presser plate 3 and bag-breaking blade frame 8 once raised
After the bag to be torn 1 has passed, the signal from the limit switch 16 for detecting the upper end (or after the limit switch 13 is activated, the set time of the timer has elapsed) is transmitted to the switching valve 1.
9 and 20 and switch the switching valves 19 and 20, the air pressure to the pipe 22 is switched to the pipes 17 and 23, and the presser plate 3 and the bag-breaking frame 8 are immediately turned off.
descends and returns to the original position, and continues the bag-breaking action of the next supplied bag to be broken 1. In this way, the above series of operations are automatically performed.

(Effects of the invention) As described in detail above, in the present invention, the upper blades and the lower blades are arranged alternately, so that the bag-breaking action is such that the upper blade and the lower blade tear the bag. Therefore, there is no need for a sharp blade surface, so there is little chance of blade spillage, wear, etc., and the blade has a long life. Furthermore, since the bag is crushed, it is completely separated from the items to be collected inside the bag. Therefore, sorting at a later stage becomes easier.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, even if different sizes, shapes, types, amounts, etc. of the bags to be broken are fed by the lower blade side, the presser plate on the upper blade side can oscillate up and down in response. The required presser foot force is maintained while
Bags are broken evenly and efficiently. In addition, because the upper and lower blades are arranged alternately and the bag-breaking action is performed while the upper blade swings up and down, the items to be collected in the bag are not crushed into small pieces, so the amount collected is reduced. many. Even if a large quantity or an item that cannot be broken is supplied and a repulsive force of more than a certain level is applied to the presser plate, when the presser plate is swung upwards, it will be pushed by the presser plate and actuated, causing the presser plate cylinder to move. Since it is equipped with a limit switch that releases an overload by giving a signal to each solenoid switching valve so that the piston of the cylinder for the bag-breaking blade frame changes to upward operation, It is possible to continuously and efficiently break bags without stopping the equipment, and the series of operations is performed automatically.
It is safe and does not require manual work on the machine side.

In addition, although the outer bag is torn, the items to be collected inside the bag pass through the left-right gap between the lower blade and the upper blade, or through the vertical gap between the upper blade and the lower blade, and are used for bag tearing. One of the objects to be recovered is processed without being crushed. Furthermore, since multiple holding plates are attached in the transport direction of the bag to be torn, even if the bag is not broken in the first stage, it will be broken in the later stage, and the upper blades attached to the holding plate can also be arranged in a staggered manner. Since the bag can be easily attached and the bag is broken gradually without applying a large load all at once, it is possible to reduce the power required to break the bag. In addition, if the upper and lower blades are arranged in a staggered manner, the direction of the bag to be torn is changed by the upper blade while being conveyed, which increases the area where the bag surface can be torn, making it easier to collect the items in the bag. .

In addition, the holding plate is held down by a mechanism that maintains a constant bag-breaking force against the bag to be torn during transportation, and because it always holds down the bag to be broken with the required pressure, it is not affected by changes in the size of the bag to be torn. On the other hand, the holding plate breaks the bag while swinging up and down depending on the size, etc., and as a result, there is less bag breakage and leakage.

In addition, in response to fluctuations in the repulsive force against the presser plate caused by the bag being torn, the overload removal mechanism automatically releases pressure that exceeds the required level and maintains the required pressure, eliminating clogging due to overload. , bags can be broken efficiently. Furthermore, even if there is an overload inside the bag tearing machine due to the bag to be torn, or an overload due to foreign matter that cannot be broken caught between the upper and lower blades,
Since the presser plate is automatically and forcibly raised to raise the upper blade, the gap between the upper and lower blades is wide open. Therefore, the overloaded object passes through the gap, and the overload condition is released. The device that has risen further will automatically descend immediately after the overload is released,
Continuous bag-breaking action is possible as it returns to the predetermined position.

As described above, the holding plate of the present invention can be vertically swung around one end by the holding plate cylinder, and furthermore, the bag-breaking blade frame to which the holding plate is connected can also be raised by the bag-breaking blade frame cylinder. The two stages of operation operate simultaneously when pressure is released.

Moreover, the series of operations does not require manual operation; a limit switch activated by the lifting of the presser plate detects the pressurized state, and this signal activates the electromagnetic switching valve to raise the bag-breaking blade frame, allowing the lower blade to The gap between the upper blades is widened to release pressure, and after the frame has risen, a signal is sent to the electromagnetic switching valve to lower the pistons of both cylinders, allowing operation to resume automatically without the need for manual work. I can do it.

Therefore, with the present invention, no matter where the pressure is applied, the gap between the upper and lower blades is wide enough to allow complete release, and the presser plate can freely move up and down until the bag-breaking force reaches a certain level. The bag can be broken by swinging, so there is no need to manually adjust the outlet.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are side sectional views of a bag tearing machine showing embodiments of the present invention in different operating states, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the same, and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the working air of the machine; FIG. 5 is a view taken along arrows b to b in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 6, 7, 8, and 9 are side sectional views showing different examples of conventional bag tearing machines. Explanation of the main parts of the diagram, 1... damaged bag, 2...
Cylinder, 3... Holding plate, 4... Upper blade, 5... Conveying device, 6... Lower blade, 7... Cylinder, 8... Bag tearing blade frame, 9... Main frame, 10... Guide plate , 11... Hinge, 12... Recovered object, 1
3... Limit switch, 15... Operating bar, 1
6...Limit switch for upper end detection, 17,2
2, 23...Piping, 18...Pressure control valve, 19,
20... Solenoid switching valve, 21... Pressure control valve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A conveying device that conveys bags to be broken by disposing lower blades at a constant pitch on the conveying surface, and a breaking device that can move up and down along the main frame at the upper part of the conveying device, and is held at the lower limit position by a stopper. A bag blade frame, one end of which is pivotally supported on the bag-breaking blade frame, and upper blades that perform a bag-breaking action together with the lower blades are arranged downward to alternate with the lower blades. A holding plate that can swing up and down so that the part stops slightly above the conveying surface of the conveying device and swings upward due to the repulsive force of the bag to be destroyed, and a piston rod connected to the holding plate. The presser plate is held at the lower limit position and is swung up and down while the repulsive force of the torn bag is small, but when the repulsive force of the torn bag is applied to the presser plate above a certain level, the presser plate A cylinder for a presser plate is pivotally connected to the bag-breaking blade frame and is attached to the main body frame, and a piston rod is connected to the bag-breaking blade frame to move the bag-breaking blade frame to the stopper. A repulsive force above a certain level is applied to the cylinder for the bag-breaking blade frame that is pushed down to the abutting position, the respective electromagnetic switching valves that switch the air pipes connected to the descending and ascending sides of the respective pistons of both cylinders, and the holding plate. Once upon a time, a limit switch was operated by being pressed by the holding plate when the holding plate rose, and gave a signal to each of the electromagnetic switching valves to switch each of the electromagnetic switching valves so that the pistons of the respective cylinders changed to upward operation. , a mechanism that issues a switching signal to each of the electromagnetic switching valves so that, after the bag-breaking blade frame is lifted by the bag-breaking blade frame cylinder and the overload of the bag to be broken is released, the respective pistons of both cylinders are lowered; A bag tearing machine that is characterized by: