JPH04204820A - Liquid crystal display panel and its production and projection type display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a bright display with good view angle characteristics and low applied voltage by incorporating fine transparent polymer particles having a particle size smaller enough than a liquid crystal layer into a liquid crystal layer. CONSTITUTION:Substrates 5a, 5b are adhered with a sealing adhesive 4 into which glass fiber 6 is mixed as a spacer around the substrates to seal the liquid crystal in the cell. On the whole surface of the substrates, spherical spacers 12 comprising silica are dispersed to form the interval, namely, a liquid crystal layer. This liquid crystal layer contains a mixture of nematic liquid crystal 2 and fine transparent polymer particles 3. Namely, the liquid crystal layer contains fine transparent polymer paticles 3 of the particle size smaller enough than the liquid crystal layer. Thereby, the obtd. liquid crystal display panel is bright and has good view angle characteristics with low applied voltage.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Fields of Application The present invention relates to high-brightness, high-image-quality liquid crystal display panels, their manufacturing methods, and projection display devices. TN
By changing the twisted arrangement of the liquid crystal using an electric field, the vibration direction of the light that has passed through the polarizing plate placed on the input side of the liquid crystal cell is changed, and Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of a conventional i&TN liquid crystal panel. The inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates 5a and 5b on which live electrodes 7 are provided (orientation films 1 made of polyimide etc.
The surface of the alignment film 19 is coated with a sealing material 4 such as epoxy adhesive mixed with a fiber spacer 6, and the nematic liquid crystal 2 is sealed between the substrates. Even though the liquid crystal molecules near the substrate are aligned along this alignment direction, and even though the polarizing plate 18 is arranged outside the side substrate (Table 1), this conventional configuration In terms of image quality, the viewing angle range is narrow,
In addition, since a polarizing plate is required, the transmittance is low, and
! Even the slightest disturbance in liquid crystal alignment can greatly affect the display quality, so high precision alignment is required, and even if there are manufacturing problems such as difficulty in achieving high yields, this can be achieved. On the other hand, even if a method using a polymer in which liquid crystals are dispersed instead of a liquid crystal layer is developed (for example, i;
SID 90 DIGEST:5ession12.
1-6. JP-A-2-123324, JP-A-2-
176719, etc.) FIG. 15 shows a sectional view of this second conventional liquid crystal panel, and FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of another liquid crystal layer.

This is thickness 10. A polymer in which a liquid crystal material is dispersed in the form of particles or a three-dimensional network in a polymer I7 of about am.
A liquid crystal mixed layer is placed between the upper and lower substrates 5b and 5a provided with electrodes, and no alignment film or polarizing plate is provided. The long axis direction (hereinafter referred to as director) is oriented in various directions by the polymer 17, and the light is diffusely reflected and becomes cloudy, resulting in low transmittance on one optical axis.On the other hand, the upper and lower substrates 5b, 5a When a voltage is applied between them, the liquid crystal molecules diffused into the polymer exhibit dielectric anisotropy and direct their directors in the direction of the electric field, that is, perpendicular to the substrate.As a result, light is transparent without being diffusely reflected. Therefore, the transmittance is high.Here, the optical properties of this liquid crystal panel (polymer 17
The refractive index of the liquid crystal 2 and the method of refractive index variation are greatly influenced by parameters such as the mixing ratio of the liquid crystal and the diffusion state.

This configuration does not require a polarizing plate, so a bright and wide-viewing display can be obtained, and it also has the advantage of not requiring liquid crystal alignment, which requires high precision and uniformity, so it is possible to obtain high yields and margins. .

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the configuration of this second conventional example (Dai), a high applied voltage of about 40 to 50 V is required to make the liquid crystal molecules converge in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, that is, to enter the transparent state. As mentioned above, the first conventional example has problems such as a narrow viewing angle range, low transmittance, and low manufacturing yield.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display panel capable of solving these problems, a method for manufacturing the same, and a projection type display device with excellent characteristics using this liquid crystal display panel.a Means for solving the problems described above. In order to solve the problems, the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention is a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is provided between two transparent substrates, at least one of which is provided with an electrode, and in which the liquid crystal layer is provided with a liquid crystal layer.
The structure is such that transparent polymer particles that are sufficiently finer than the liquid crystal layer thickness are mixed therein.

By mixing and diffusing fine transparent polymer particles into the liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal display panel, the directors of liquid crystal molecules become disordered when no voltage is applied, resulting in spatial distortion of the leftover and distortion between different director domains. Due to the discontinuity of the light, diffuse reflection of light occurs, resulting in a cloudy state.
On the other hand, when a voltage is applied, the directors of the liquid crystal molecules align in the same direction, and the distortions and domains mentioned above disappear. The light is not diffusely reflected and becomes transparent, that is, transmitted through the plate.

Transparent/opaque can be selected by switching between application and non-application of voltage to ζ, and it can be used as a display device by arranging electrodes in a matrix.

Furthermore, since it does not require a polarizing plate, it is bright and has good viewing angle characteristics, and since it does not require liquid crystal alignment treatment, which requires high precision and uniformity, it is possible to produce high yields. The coexisting polymer particles exist independently, i.e., the liquid crystal is continuous, and the restraining force of the liquid crystal molecules by the polymer particles is much smaller than in the configuration shown in the second conventional example, so the liquid crystal can be easily controlled at low applied voltages. Driving becomes possible.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. (First Example) Figure 1 is a sectional view showing a first example of the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention. On the inner surfaces of the substrates 5a and 5b (
A striped electrode 7 formed of a transparent conductive film is provided, and the upper and lower substrates 5 are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other.
Although they are arranged facing each other, the substrates 5a and 5b are bonded around the substrates 5a and 5b with a sealing adhesive 4 mixed with glass fiber 6 as a spacer, and seal the liquid crystal inside the cell.

In addition, spherical spacers 12 made of silica are scattered on the entire surface between the substrates, and even if the space between the substrates, that is, the liquid crystal layer is formed, the spherical spacers 12 have a diameter of 15 μm and a thickness of 15 μm.
Even if a μm liquid crystal layer is formed, the nematic liquid crystal 2 and polymer particles in the liquid crystal layer (Fig. 2 (a), (b) E) An enlarged view of a mixed state of particles 3 is shown.

Figure 2 (a) is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which no voltage is applied, and Figure 2 (b) is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a voltage is applied. The mixing ratio of particle 3 is approximately 2:
l (weight ratio).

Here, we will explain the change in optical properties due to voltage application in this example. First, when no voltage is applied (FIG. 2(a)), the liquid crystal molecules near the polymer particle 3 move the director along the wall surface of the polymer particle. , the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity are also aligned parallel to this, and the force (because the shape of the polymer particle is a random polyhedron, it is locally aligned parallel to it (with fewer domains), and the L polymer Directors are directed in various directions around the entire periphery.If light is incident in this state, diffuse reflection will occur due to discontinuities between domains and distortions between liquid crystal molecules, resulting in a cloudy, opaque state, that is, transmission. When a sufficient voltage is applied to the state where the rate is low (Fig. 2)
As shown in b), the directors of liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric constant anisotropy are aligned along the electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules other than those close to polymer 3 are aligned in the same direction, which results in their formation. There is no strain between domains or molecules, and even when light is incident, diffuse reflection is reduced, resulting in a transparent state with high transmittance.If an intermediate voltage is applied, the transmittance is also in an intermediate state4. As shown in Figure 1, the transmittance can be modulated by controlling the applied voltage, and by selectively applying voltage to the transparent electrode 7 in Figure 1, it is possible to display images and characters. The dielectric anisotropy Δε of is 5.5
, the refractive index no for ordinary light is 1,490, the refractive index ne for extraordinary light is 1.585, therefore, the refractive index anisotropy Δn is 0.095, and the material of the polymer particles 3 is benzoguanamine resin with a refractive index When n is 1.50, the panel of this example is driven by multiplex.
With the applied voltage of Habo IOV, a display with good contrast, brightness, and good viewing angle characteristics can be obtained.This embodiment is of a monochrome display type.The inner surface of one glass substrate is composed of #green and blue. Color display is also possible by providing a color filter.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Thin film transistors 9 using amorphous silicon are formed on the inner surface of a lower substrate 5a at a pitch of i; L100 Aim. The transistor has a pixel electrode 1 made of a transparent conductive film.
0 is connected, red, green, and blue color filters 11 formed by dyeing gelatin are provided on the inner surface of the upper substrate 5b at a pitch of 100 μm, and are arranged opposite to the pixel electrodes 10 of the lower substrate 5a. Even though a common electrode 8 made of a transparent conductive film is provided on the color filter 11 of the upper substrate 5b, a sealing adhesive 4, a spherical spacer 12, and a nematic liquid crystal are provided between the upper and lower substrates as in the first embodiment. 2 and a liquid crystal layer in which fine polymer particles 3 are mixed.

Here, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 12 μm, the average particle size of the polymer particles 3 dispersed in the liquid crystal is 0.9 μm, the shape is random, and the mixing ratio of the liquid crystal 2 and polymer particles 3 is approximately 2:1 (weight ratio ), and the liquid crystal material used was the same as in the first example.The material of the polymer particles was crosslinked polystyrene, and its refractive index n was 1.59.However, the optical properties of this example changed due to voltage application. principle (table
Almost the same force as in the first embodiment <, fine polymer particles 3
By making the refractive index of the liquid crystal 2 almost the same as the refractive index for extraordinary light of the liquid crystal 2, it is possible to eliminate the diffuse reflection of light that occurs at the interface between the liquid crystal 2 and the polymer particles 3 when a voltage is applied, and the transmittance when a voltage is applied can be reduced. Even though the panel of this embodiment is driven by applying a scanning signal to the gate wiring and a data signal to the source wiring, the maximum potential difference applied to the liquid crystal layer is approximately 10V, and the contrast is good and the colors are vivid. A bright display with good viewing angle characteristics could be obtained (Third Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal panel showing a third embodiment of the present invention. A thin film transistor 9 and a pixel electrode 10 made of a transparent conductive film (a common electrode 8 made of a transparent conductive film is formed on the inner surface of the upper substrate 5b).

Then, place 4 sheets on the electrodes of both substrates with a thickness of about 0. 2μm
Although the surface of this film is processed into an irregular uneven shape by shot peening, in this example, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 10 μm, and the polymer particles 3 dispersed in the liquid crystal are The average particle diameter is 0°8μ, the shape is random, and the mixing ratio of liquid crystal 2 and polymer particles 3 is approximately 2:1 (weight ratio).

In addition, the materials of the liquid crystal and polymer particles were the same as in the second embodiment, and the principle of change in optical properties due to voltage application in the nine embodiments was explained.
This embodiment is almost the same as the second embodiment, but the situation at the interface between the liquid crystal layer and the polyimide film on the substrate surface is different. This is shown in Figure 5(a), which is an enlarged view of the liquid crystal layer.
Figure 5(a) shows the voltage applied state, and Figure 5(b) shows the voltage applied state.In the case where irregular irregularities are not provided on the substrate surface, The liquid crystal molecules move their directors in the same direction parallel to the substrate.
A force that should be in a random direction in a plane parallel to the substrate (when forming a transparent electrode on the substrate surface or cleaning the substrate, if the molecules on the electrode surface are arranged or minute scratches are formed, the force may be applied to the substrate) The directors of adjacent liquid crystal molecules are no longer random and are arranged along the scratches, etc. If the liquid crystals are arranged with regularity in this way, light will no longer be diffusely reflected, and the light shielding properties will deteriorate. ζMi In order to reduce the influence of display unevenness, the liquid crystal layer can be made thicker to deal with the force (applied voltage is too strong). Therefore, in this example, as shown in Fig. 5, By installing unevenness, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in random directions even near the substrate, which solves the above problem. Although it has the advantages of easier rise, higher transmittance, and faster response speed (Fourth Embodiment), Figure 6 shows the liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal panel showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The upper and lower substrates 5a and 5b are transparent glass plates and have strip-shaped electrodes 7 made of a transparent conductive film on their inner surfaces. ,
5b are arranged facing each other, a sealing adhesive 4 mixed with glass fiber 6 as a spacer is placed around the substrates, as in the first embodiment, to bond the upper and lower substrates, and also to bond the upper and lower substrates inside the cell. Even if the liquid crystal is sealed, spherical spacers 12 made of silica are scattered on the entire surface between the substrates, forming a gap between the substrates, that is, a liquid crystal layer.

In this example, the diameter of the spherical spacer is 16 μm and the thickness is 1
Even if a 6 μm liquid crystal layer is formed, nematic liquid crystal 2 and fine polymer particles 3 coexist in this liquid crystal layer.
The shapes of the polymer particles used here were all spherical, and the average particle size was 0. 13μm standard deviation is 0. Even if the shape of the polymer particles 3 is spherical in this example, burn-in after displaying the same image for a long time is prevented. If the voltage is continued to be applied, not only the directors of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the direction of the electric field, but also the rod-shaped polymer particles also orient their long axes in the direction of the electric field due to the drag force of the adjacent liquid crystal molecules. As L, the directors of liquid crystal molecules take random orientations.The rod-shaped polymer particles remain with their long axes oriented in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity also have their long axes oriented in the same direction. When the number of liquid crystal molecules oriented in the vertical direction in the liquid crystal layer increases, the light-shielding property decreases, and the transmittance differs between the parts to which no voltage is applied, causing display burn-in. By making the shape of the polymer particles mixed in the liquid crystal spherical, there is no orientation in the polymer particles themselves.The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules prevents the polymer from rotating, and even though the burn-in phenomenon is eliminated, the shape of the polymer particles remains correct. Even if it is a substantially spherical shape such as a polyhedron, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is less than 2:1, the anti-seize effect can be sufficiently obtained.Also, if the particle size of the polymer particles is random to some extent, no voltage will be applied. The structure of this embodiment has good light-shielding properties when the display is on, and is particularly effective as a display for personal computers, word processors, etc., which are forced to display the same image for a long time.The dielectric constant anisotropy of the liquid crystal 2 used here Gender △ε is 5.5
, the refractive index no for ordinary light is 1.490, the refractive index ne for extraordinary light is 1.585, therefore, the refractive index anisotropy Δn is 0.095, and the material of the polymer particles 3 is benzoguanamine resin with a refractive index When n is 1.50, the panel of this example is multiplex driven.
With an applied voltage of about 10 V, it is possible to obtain a good display with good contrast, brightness, wide viewing angle, and no burn-in (Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 7 shows the fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment shows a reflective monochrome display panel with a simple matrix.The structure of the panel and the materials used are almost the same as those of the first embodiment. Although the stripe electrodes 14 provided on the inner surface of the liquid crystal panel of this embodiment were formed of a light-reflecting aluminum film, whereas they were made of a transparent conductive film in the first embodiment, As is clear from the description of the embodiment, the transmittance when voltage is applied is very high, so even if it is a reflective type as in this embodiment, it is sufficiently bright, does not require a backlight, and has low power consumption. (Sixth Embodiment) Figure 8 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal panel according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment shows a simple matrix reflective color display panel. The substrate 5b is a transparent glass plate with a striped electrode 7 formed of a transparent conductive film on its inner surface, while the lower substrate is an aluminum substrate 16 whose inner surface is mirror-polished. , a color filter 11 consisting of green and blue is formed on that surface, an acrylic film is provided as an overcoat layer 15 on top of the color filter 11, and a stripe electrode 7 of a transparent conductive film is formed on the top of the acrylic film so as to be orthogonal to the electrode of the upper substrate 5b. Even if a sealing adhesive 4 mixed with glass fiber 6 is placed between the side substrates as a spacer to bond the upper and lower substrates and seal the liquid crystal inside the cell, this embodiment The same reflective type force as in Example 5 (lower substrate 1
6 is made of aluminum, and by mirror-polishing the surface, a good reflectance can be obtained, and even if a color filter 11 is provided, sufficient brightness can be obtained.a According to this embodiment, a backlight is unnecessary. In addition, a very thin color display panel can be obtained at low cost (Seventh Embodiment) FIG. In Figure 9, the liquid crystal display panel has ζ'! , Even if only one monochrome panel is used in which each pixel is provided with a thin film transistor as shown in the third embodiment, a metal halide lamp 21 is used as the light source.
3 is provided to create parallel light, and a rotating color filter 24
The image is then magnified by a projection lens 25 and displayed on a screen 26 set in front.This rotary color filter 24 consists of three colors: deep green and blue.33. It rotates once in 3m5ec.

Even if a water line green signal voltage is applied to the liquid crystal panel 1 every 11.1 m5ec in synchronization with the color of the color filter 11, these three colors will switch at a very high speed.The projected image will be displayed in color. In this way, high-definition, full-color projection display is possible by driving two monochrome panels at high speed and controlling each color in a time-division manner.

Table 6 It is essential that the liquid crystal panel used here has a high-speed response (the liquid crystal panel of the present invention exhibits a sufficient response of about 1/1000 seconds).

Furthermore, since the liquid crystal panel of the present invention has a very high transmittance, it is possible to obtain a bright projected display.Using the advantage of this high transmittance, it can also be used as a projection device using three liquid crystal panels for red, green, and blue. good.

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 10 is a process explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention. The upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal display panel are used for injecting cells 30 and liquid crystal and fine polymer particles. The periphery is pasted with a sealant to form an injection port.

Liquid crystal display 33 that moves up and down inside the vacuum chamber 31
Even if the cell 30 is arranged, the liquid crystal pot 33 is filled with a mixture of the nematic liquid crystal 2 and the fine polymer particles 3, and the cell 30 is installed with the liquid crystal injection port facing downward. .

The steps of injecting the liquid crystal 2 and fine polymer particles 3 into the cell 30 will be explained below in order. First, under normal pressure, with the liquid crystal pot 33 positioned downward, the cell 30 is placed so that the liquid crystal injection port is 5 mm above the liquid crystal surface.
In this state, the leak valve 35 is closed and the vacuum pump 34 is activated to create a vacuum state in the vacuum chamber 31 of approximately 10-'' torr, and to create a vacuum state in the cell 30 as well. Degas the liquid crystal 2.

After this degassing is almost completed, the liquid crystal pot 33 is moved upward and the liquid crystal injection port is immersed in the mixed liquid 32. In this state, the leak valve 35 is slowly opened to release the vacuum and the inside of the vacuum chamber 34 is opened. By this series of operations, the mixed liquid of nematic liquid crystal 2 and fine polymer particles 3 flows into the cell 30 in a reduced pressure state from the liquid crystal inlet, and the entire surface of the inside of the cell 30 is filled with the mixed liquid. Micelle 3
0 is taken out and the liquid crystal injection port is sealed with an ultraviolet curing resin. Although it is possible to speed up the degassing and the flow rate of the liquid crystal into the cell 30 by heating the liquid mixture of the nematic liquid crystal 2 and the fine polymer particles 3 with a heater or the like, this embodiment Although this example can be applied to manufacturing the liquid crystal panels shown in the first to sixth examples, this example is an effective manufacturing method when the diameter of polymer particles mixed in the liquid crystal is relatively small, 1 μm or less. (Ninth Example) Figures 11 and 12 are explanatory diagrams showing other examples of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel of the present invention. The dispersion force of the bead spacer for forming the particles and the liquid crystal layer (this is done as follows: Next, a solution 41 containing bead spacers 12, fine polymer particles 3, and fluorocarbons is supplied to a spray nozzle 43 used for painting, etc., and high-pressure clean air 42 is supplied.
is supplied to the spray nozzle 43 for one second. This clean air 42 is mixed with the liquid mixture 41 and sprayed out from the spray nozzle 43 in the form of a mist, filling the dispersion container 44. At this time, the highly volatile Freon evaporates. Only the bead spacer 12 and the fine polymer particles 3 settle on the substrate 5a, but after a certain period of time, the substrate 5a is taken out and bonded to the other substrate through a sealing material provided with a liquid crystal injection port, and after the sealing material hardens, the substrate 5a is separated. At this time, the fine polymer particles 3 sprinkled on the substrate earlier are mixed with the liquid crystal. Although it is not possible to obtain a liquid crystal panel in which fine polymer particles are mixed in, a good liquid crystal panel can also be obtained by a dry method in which only the bead spacer 12 and the fine polymer particles 3 are supplied to the spray nozzle 43 without using a liquid such as fluorocarbon. In this embodiment, the bead spacer 12 and the fine polymer particles 3 can be separately sprayed using two spray nozzles 43a and 43b, as shown in FIG. (In that case, there are advantages such as easier adjustment of the spray density.Here, two spray nozzles 43a.

The spraying from 43b does not have to be done at the same time, and it is also possible to spray one after settling and the other. There is no problem at all.1.% This example can be applied to the manufacture of the liquid crystal panels of the first to sixth examples.
This is a manufacturing method that is effective for relatively large cases as described above (10th embodiment). Figure 13 (Fig. 13) shows still another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel of the present invention. The fine polymer particles 3 are arranged on the substrate 5 by mixing the fine polymer particles 3 with fluorocarbons, printing the mixture on the substrate 5 by flexography, and then evaporating the fluorocarbons.

After this, by scattering bead spacers and bonding the two substrates together in the same manner as in the ninth embodiment and injecting liquid crystal, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal panel in which fine polymer particles are mixed in the liquid crystal layer. Because the range in which the fine polymer particles 3 are placed can be freely set depending on the shape of the printing plate 52.
By avoiding the area where the sealant for bonding the upper and lower substrates is located, it is possible to prevent the adhesive strength of the sealant from decreasing. It is applicable to manufacturing.

As described in detail, the present invention does not require a polarizing plate, so it is bright and has good viewing angle characteristics, and since the restraining force of liquid crystal molecules by polymer particles is relatively small, the applied voltage is low, and alignment processing is not required. Since this is not necessary, a high-yield liquid crystal display panel can be obtained.

By using the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention,
A projection type display device with excellent performance can be easily obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 8 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of an embodiment of a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a projection type display device of the present invention, and FIGS. FIGS. 14 to 16, which are explanatory diagrams of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal panel of the invention, are cross-sectional views showing the structure of a conventional liquid crystal panel. 1...Liquid crystal panel, 2...Nematic liquid crystal, 3...
- Polymer particles, 4... Sealing material, 5a... Lower substrate, 5b... Upper substrate, 30... Liquid crystal cell. Name of agent: Patent attorney Akira Okaji and 28 others
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Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal layer is provided between two substrates, at least one of which is transparent, which is provided with electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, and in which the liquid crystal layer has a finer layer that is sufficiently finer than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. A liquid crystal display panel characterized by containing transparent polymer particles. (2) The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the fine transparent polymer particles mixed in the liquid crystal layer is approximately equal to the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules for extraordinary light. (3) A film made of an organic or inorganic material is provided between the electrode on at least one of the substrates and the liquid crystal layer, and the surface of the film in contact with the liquid crystal is provided with fine irregular irregularities. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1 or 2. (4) Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fine transparent polymer particles mixed into the liquid crystal layer have a substantially spherical shape.
The liquid crystal display panel described. (5) A step of injecting liquid crystal mixed with fine transparent polymer particles into a liquid crystal cell in which a sealing material provided with a liquid crystal injection port is arranged around the transparent substrates, and a step of sealing the liquid crystal injection port. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that: (6) A step of scattering fine transparent polymer particles onto at least one of the substrates, a step of bonding the two substrates together via a sealant provided with a liquid crystal injection port, and a step of injecting liquid crystal from the liquid crystal injection port. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel, comprising the steps of: and sealing the injection port. (7) A step of applying a liquid mixture of fine transparent polymer particles and a volatile solvent onto at least one substrate by printing, a step of evaporating the volatile solvent, and a sealing material provided with a liquid crystal injection port. a step of bonding two substrates together via the liquid crystal injection port; a step of injecting liquid crystal from the liquid crystal injection port;
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel, comprising the step of sealing the injection port. (8) A projection display device comprising at least one set of the liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1.