JPH04200737A - Combustion device of apparatus for modifying fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure much fuel vaporizing quantity without damaging combustion efficiency by arranging the connection part connecting the heat receiving part and emission part of a loop-shape combustion part so as to position the same inside the outer periphery of the loop of the combustion part CONSTITUTION:In a modifying apparatus 10 for a fuel cell, the combustion part 28 heating a catalyst bed 13 and a vaporizer 36 evaporating fuel to supply the same combustion part 28 are provided and the modifying gas obtained by reacting raw material gas in the catalyst bed 13 is supplied to the fuel cell 9. At this time, the combustion part 28 is formed into a loop shape and the vaporizer 36 is constituted of the heat receiving part 36a positioned above the combustion part 28, the emission part 36b positioned at a level almost same to that of the combustion part 28 and the connection part 36c connecting both parts. This connection part 36c is arranged so as to be positioned inside the outer periphery of the loop of the combustion part 28. As a result, much fuel vaporizing quantity carve ensured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a combustion device for a fuel cell reformer that supplies reformed gas to a fuel cell.

[Prior Art] Some electric vehicles equipped with a fuel cell are equipped with a fuel cell reformer, for example, and run using electricity generated by the fuel cell as a driving source.

This fuel cell reacts hydrogen with air (oxygen) to generate water and electricity, and the fuel cell reformer is used to generate the hydrogen necessary for the fuel cell to generate electricity. By passing the raw material gas through a heated catalyst layer, it is converted into a page break gas consisting mainly of hydrogen gas.

This fuel cell reformer is equipped with a combustion section that heats a catalyst layer and a vaporizer that vaporizes and supplies fuel to this combustion section. It is designed to supply gas to the fuel cell.

[The invention attempts to solve i! ! ! ! ! ] By the way, in the combustion device of such a fuel cell reformer, for example, methanol is used as fuel, but since methanol has half the calorific value compared to kerosene etc., it is necessary to vaporize a large amount of fuel. requires a large amount of heat. but,
Increasing the size of the heat-receiving part of the vaporizer blocks many flames in the combustion part, which has the disadvantage of impairing the efficiency of the combustion device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion device for a fuel cell reformer that can secure a large amount of fuel vaporized without impairing combustion efficiency.

[Means for solving the iJ problem] In order to solve the above-mentioned iaa, the present invention includes a combustion section that heats the catalyst layer, a vaporizer that vaporizes and supplies fuel to the combustion section, and supplies a source gas to the combustion section. In a fuel cell reformer for supplying a reformed gas obtained by reacting in the catalyst layer to a fuel cell, the combustion part is formed in a loop shape, and
The carburetor is composed of a heat receiving section located above the combustion section, a discharge section located at approximately the same level as the combustion section, and a connecting section connecting the two, and this connecting section is connected to the combustion section. It is characterized by being located inside the outer periphery of the loop.

[Operation] In the present invention, the combustion section is formed in a loop shape, and the connection section of the carburetor is located inside the outer periphery of this loop. This creates a high-temperature atmosphere inside the combustion section, and the connecting portion outside the heat-receiving component of the vaporizer can also receive a lot of heat to vaporize the fuel, improving combustion efficiency in the combustion section.

[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell reformer equipped with the combustion device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fuel cell reformer equipped with the combustion device of the present invention, and FIG. is a sectional view taken along line III-I11 of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the combustion device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fuel burner and carburetor assembled, and FIG. A side view viewed from the direction of the arrow, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line -■ in FIG. 5.

A fuel cell device 2 and three storage batteries 3 are arranged on the left and right sides of the electric vehicle 1 at approximately the center in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. A raw material tank 4 and a fuel tank 5 are arranged behind the fuel cell device 2. An exhaust pipe 6.7 led out from the fuel cell device 2 extends toward the rear of the vehicle and opens at the rear of the vehicle. A control device 8 is disposed approximately at the rear of the vehicle body.

The fuel cell 9 of the fuel cell device 2 is disposed near the center in the width direction of the vehicle body, and its longitudinal direction coincides with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a fuel cell reformer is located outside the vehicle body in the width direction. 10 are arranged.

This fuel cell reformer is constructed as shown in FIGS. 2 to 7.

The fuel cell reformer 10 has a cylindrical upper housing 11, and a lower housing 12 is fastened to the lower part of the upper housing 11. A catalyst layer 13 formed by winding two parallel plates in a spiral shape is provided inside the upper housing 11, and a spiral heating layer 14 is formed parallel to and adjacent to the catalyst layer 13. There is.

A heating gas passage 15 is provided in the center of the catalyst layer 13 and the heating layer 14 and extends vertically through the heating gas passage 15, communicating with a heating chamber 16 formed by the lower housing 12. Further, a spiral heating section 17 is disposed below the upper housing 11, and this heating section 17 penetrates into the heating gas passage 15 and extends upward. A supply pump 31 is provided in the heating section 17.
A raw material is supplied from the raw material tank 4 by the drive of , and is heated in the heating section 17 and vaporized to become a raw material gas. A vibrator 19 is connected to the heating section 17 via a connecting vibrator 18 , and this vibrator 19 is communicated with the catalyst layer 13 . Vibrator 19
A slit 19a is formed in the slit 1.
9a serves as an opening for the vaporized raw material gas to the catalyst layer 13.

A catalyst filling port 20 is provided in the upper part of the catalyst layer 13, and a reformed gas outlet 21 is provided, and the reformed gas obtained by reacting the raw material gas in the catalyst layer 13 is delivered to the reformed gas outlet. 21 to the fuel cell 9. In this fuel cell 9, hydrogen is reacted with air (oxygen) to generate water and electricity, which drive a load 22 such as a motor and charge the storage battery 3. The storage battery 3 provides a drive voltage to the load 22 and also provides a drive voltage to the control device 8 .

A sensor mounting portion 23 is provided in the upper part of the upper housing 11 at a portion corresponding to the catalyst layer 13.
A temperature sensor 24 is attached to the temperature sensor 24, which detects the temperature of the catalyst layer 13 and sends it to the control device 8 as control information.

An opening 12a is formed in the lower part of the lower housing 12, and a fan 25 is installed in this opening 128. This fan 25 is driven by the control device 8, and secondary air is forcibly sent to the heating chamber 6 through the opening 12a.

A combustion section 28 consisting of a hydrogen burner 26 and a fuel burner 27 is arranged in the heating chamber 6, and the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 are each shaped like a loop. The hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 are arranged concentrically, and the fuel burner 27 has a mounting part 27 at an opposing position inside thereof.
a, 27b are formed to protrude, and there is also a mounting part 2 on the outside.
7c is formed to protrude, and each of these mounting portions 27a to 27c is fixed to a bracket 29 fixed to the lower housing 12. A hydrogen burner 26 is attached above the fuel burner 27 so as to fit around its outer periphery.

The hydrogen burner 26 is connected to the fuel cell 9 via a supply pipe 90, and surplus hydrogen is supplied from the fuel cell 9. An injection hole 26a is formed inside the upper part of the hydrogen burner 26, and hydrogen is injected from this injection hole 268 and burned.

A wire mesh 33 is provided inside the fuel burner 27, and this wire mesh 33 serves as a porous heat transfer promoter that also serves as a partition plate. That is, the wire mesh 33 can distribute the secondary air from the central passage 34 to the outer peripheral passage 35, improving combustion efficiency, eliminating blow-through in the center, and improving temperature distribution. Furthermore, the wire mesh 33 serves as a heat transfer accelerator, receives radiant heat, and prevents heat from escaping to the outside, improving thermal efficiency. Furthermore, since heat is transferred to the vaporizer 36 through the wire mesh 33, there is also an effect of preventing liquefaction.

This carburetor 36 includes a hydrogen burner 26 and a fuel burner 27.
A heat receiving part 36a is located at the upper part of the fuel burner 27 and is bridged between these two places to receive heat from the flame caused by combustion and vaporize the fuel, and a discharge part is located at approximately the same level as the fuel burner 27 and discharges the vaporized fuel gas to the fuel burner 27. It is composed of a portion 36b and a connecting portion 36c that connects the two. The connecting portion 36c of the carburetor 36 is located inside the outer periphery of the loop of the fuel burner 27 in plan view, and its discharge portion 36b is attached to a bracket 29 fixed to the lower housing 12.
installed on.

A supply vibrator 37 is connected to the heat receiving part 36a of the vaporizer 36, and fuel, for example, methanol, is supplied from the fuel tank 5 by driving a supply pump 38. Heat receiving part 36a of vaporizer 36
A vaporization heater 40 is provided at the central portion 36g, and the central portion 36g is heated by the vaporization heater 40. This heat receiving part 36a is located above the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 and bridges the two parts, which makes the passage longer and allows the fuel to be effectively vaporized by receiving heat from the combustion part 28. I can do it.

The vaporization heater 40 is driven initially when the amount of heat generated by the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 is small, and is provided with a heater control switch 41 that detects the temperature level at this time. The heater control switch 41 is made of bimetal, and is connected to the storage battery 3 in series with the vaporizer heater 40. This heater control switch 41 and its rieet wire are arranged in the central passage 34 of the secondary air, and this part is connected to the storage battery 3 in series with the vaporizer heater 40. Since this is the lowest temperature area around the vessel 36 and is not directly exposed to flame, an inexpensive switch with low heat resistance can be used.

The discharge portion 36b of the carburetor 36 is inserted into the supply port 27d of the fuel burner 27, and the supply port 27d is shaped like a trumpet and has a constricted portion 27e formed therein. Now, vaporizer 3
A predetermined gap is formed between the discharge part 36b of No. 6 and the supply port 27d of the fuel burner 27, and when the fuel gas vaporized by the carburetor 36 is supplied, the supply port 27d side becomes negative pressure, and the gap closes. Primary air is drawn in and mixed.

The carburetor 36 and the fuel burner 27 are fixed to a one-piece bracket 29, which ensures the accuracy of the gap between the discharge part 36b and the supply port part 27d, resulting in the accuracy of the intake amount of primary air. Easy to secure.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the fuel burner 27 has an upper gauge 42 and a lower case 43 joined together with a partition plate 44 interposed therebetween, forming an upper passage 45 and a lower passage 46. . There is also a support wire mesh 4 inside the upper gate 42.
7 is provided, and this supporting wire mesh 47 supports a nozzle wire mesh 48 on the upper gauge 42, and fuel gas is discharged from this nozzle wire mesh 48. Nozzle wire mesh 4 of partition plate 44
A communication hole 49 that communicates the lower passage 46 and the upper passage 45 is formed corresponding to the position No. It is supplied to the upper passage 45.

An ignition device 50 is provided above the fuel burner 27 and the hydrogen burner 26, and a temperature detection sensor 51 for detecting combustion temperature is also provided, and the device is controlled using temperature information from the temperature detection sensor 51. It has become.

In the combustion device of the fuel cell pagination device, the fuel in the fuel tank 5 is supplied to the heat receiving part 36a of the vaporizer 36 via the supply vibrator 37 by driving the supply pump 38.
At 6'a, the fuel is vaporized by heating in the combustion section 28 consisting of the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27, and becomes fuel gas. The fuel gas flows from the connection part 36c of the carburetor 36 to the discharge part 36b, is discharged to the fuel burner 27, and is mixed with primary air and combusted.

On the other hand, excess hydrogen from the fuel cell 9 is supplied to the hydrogen burner 26 from the supply vibrator 90 and is burned. As described above, the heating section 17 and the catalyst layer 13 are heated by the combustion of the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27, and the heating gas generated in the heating chamber 16 by this combustion enters the heating layer 14 through the heating gas passage 15. The catalyst layer 13 is heated as it flows spirally from the center outward, and is finally discharged to the atmosphere from the discharge section 52 on the outer periphery.

A raw material is supplied to this heating section 17 from the raw material tank 4 by driving the supply pump 31, and this raw material is vaporized in the heating section 17 to become a raw material gas, and is sent from the vibrator 19 to the catalyst layer 13 via the connecting pipe 18. Supplied. This catalyst layer 1
In step 3, the raw material gas reacts to obtain reformed gas, and this reformed gas is sent from the reformed gas outlet 21 to the fuel cell 9, where hydrogen is reacted with air to generate wood and electricity. This generates energy, drives a load 22 such as a motor, and charges the storage battery 3.

In this way, the combustion section 28 of the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 that heat the heating section 17 and the catalyst layer 13 is formed in a loop shape, and this creates a high-temperature atmosphere inside the combustion section 28. . Then, the heat receiving part 3 of the vaporizer 36
6a is located above the combustion section 28 and receives heat from the flame caused by combustion to vaporize the fuel. This vaporized fuel gas passes through the connection part 36c and is discharged from the discharge part 36b to the fuel burner 27, but this connection part 36c is located inside the outer periphery of the loop of the fuel burner 27 in plan view. Vessel 3
The connecting portion 36C other than the heat receiving portion 36a of No. 6 can also receive a large amount of heat, and the fuel can be effectively vaporized.

Further, by locating the connecting portion 36c of the carburetor 36 inside the outer periphery of the loop of the fuel burner 27 in plan view, the carburetor 36 does not protrude outside the fuel burner 27, making the device compact.

Furthermore, since the vaporizer 36 is located in a high temperature area, the vaporization ability is high due to the heat transfer effect by conduction and radiation. Therefore, the vaporizer 36 can be made compact, and furthermore, the entire vaporizer 36 is heated from the surroundings. It has a heat retention effect and does not condense fuel.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the carburetor 36 is arranged with its longitudinal direction extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, thereby reducing the influence of inclination during driving.

Furthermore, the heat receiving section 36a of the vaporizer 36 may be provided with, for example, fins, and by providing these fins, the surface area of the heat receiving section 36g can be increased, and as a result, the heating effect can be improved.

In addition, the fuel burner 27 increases the number of fuel gas jet ports at the position where the heat receiving part 36a of the vaporizer 36 is arranged, thereby making the flame more powerful, increasing the amount of heat received on the side of the vaporizer 36, and The flame on the combustion burner 2 side can be balanced and the output amount can be made equal.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of another embodiment of the combustion device of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of the eighth blade.

In this embodiment, the heat receiving section 36a of the vaporizer 36 is shortened to approximately half, and is bridged between the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 at la1, and a vaporization heater 40 is provided at the connecting section 36c. By shortening the heat receiving portion 36a of the vaporizer 36 by approximately half, the portion that blocks the flames of the hydrogen burner 26 and the fuel burner 27 is reduced.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of another embodiment of the combustion apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a side view of FIG. 10.

In this embodiment, the combustion part 60 is formed in a C-shape with a part of the loop part cut out, and the connecting part 61a of the carburetor 61 is arranged so as to be located inside the outer periphery of the loop in plan view. A connecting part 61a of the carburetor 61 is located in the notch, and fuel gas is supplied from the discharge part 61b to the combustion part 60,
The heat receiving section 61c is located above the combustion section 60.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the combustion apparatus of the present invention.

In this embodiment, four independent burners 7o are arranged in a loop shape, thereby forming a combustion section 71 in a loop shape. The connecting portion 72a of the vaporizer 72 is arranged to be located inside the loop-shaped outer periphery in plan view, the discharge portion 72b of the vaporizer 72 is connected to the burner 70, and the heat receiving portion 72c is located above the burner 7o. ing.

In addition to the above-mentioned loop shape, the combustion part can be formed in a loop shape such as an elliptical shape or a square shape.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention, the combustion section is formed in a loop shape, and the connection section of the carburetor is located inside the outer periphery of the loop, and the combustion section is formed in a loop shape. By forming this, a high-temperature atmosphere can be created inside the combustion section, and the connecting portion of the carburetor is located inside the outer periphery of the loop of the combustion section. Therefore, it is possible to vaporize the fuel by receiving a large amount of heat even at the connecting portion outside the heat receiving member of the vaporizer, and it is possible to secure a large amount of fuel vaporized without impairing combustion efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell page changing device equipped with the combustion device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fuel cell reformer equipped with the combustion device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view at m-II+ in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the combustion device of the present invention, Fig. 5 is a plan view of the assembled state of the fuel burner and carburetor, and Fig. 6 is an arrow pointing to Fig. N5. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ of FIG. 5, FIG.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the combustion device of the present invention, y and s1 are side views of FIG. 10, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view of still another embodiment. In the figure, numeral 1 is an electric vehicle, 2 is a fuel cell device, 3 is a storage battery, 4 is a raw material tank, 5 is a fuel tank, 8 is a control device,
9 is a fuel cell, 10 is a page break device for fuel cells, 16 is a heating chamber, and 17 is an addition unit! Part 11, 36°61.71 is a vaporizer, 36a, 61c, 71c are heat receiving parts, 36b, 61b,
71b is a discharge part, 36c, 61a, 7+a are connection parts, 6
0.70 is the combustion part. Figure 2 Figure 4 115 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 10 Figure 7-' 61e1 1b Figure 11 Figure 12

Claims (1)

[Claims] For fuel cells, which includes a combustion section that heats a catalyst layer, and a vaporizer that vaporizes and supplies fuel to the combustion section, and supplies reformed gas obtained by reacting raw material gas in the catalyst layer to the fuel cell. In the reformer, the combustion section is formed in a loop shape, and the vaporizer includes a heat receiving section located above the combustion section, and a discharge section located at approximately the same level as the combustion section;
A combustion device for a reformer for a fuel cell, comprising a connecting portion that connects the two, and the connecting portion is located inside the outer periphery of the loop of the combustion portion.