JPH04193365A - Multi cyclone separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve efficiency in separation between fluid and particles by providing a connecting pipe to lead the fluid, which is separated from particles through a filter, into plural single cyclone separators CONSTITUTION:This separator is equipped with two filters, 8a, 8b, which are installed in a upper part inside a particle accumulation chamber 6, a common main pipe 9 which is connected to each of the two filters, 8a, 8b, and plural connecting pipes 10 which connect the common main pipe 9 to a center hole 11 at the bottom of each single cyclone separator 4. Since the two filters 8a, 8b, are each installed in the upper part inside the particle accumulation chamber 6, comparatively large particles which are separated from a gas by means of the two filers 8a, 8b, drop by gravity to the lower part in the particle accumulation chamber 6 and are discharged via a particle exit 7 to a blow down line 23. The fluid and the particles are separated by the filters, and only the fluid is returned again to a swirling chamber of each single cyclone separator via the connecting pipes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention includes a large number of relatively small single cyclone separators inside, and supplies gas containing particles to each single cyclone separator to separate the gas and particles by centrifugal force. The present invention relates to a multi-cyclone separator for separating particles, and particularly to a multi-cyclone separator suitable for improving separation efficiency and minimizing the amount of fluid discharged together with particles.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional devices for separating particles from a large flow rate of fluid containing particles use a multi-cyclone separator having a large number of relatively small single cyclone separators therein.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the conventional multi-cyclone separator has a cyclone separator main body 1 equipped with eight gas ports 17 at the upper part and a particle volume lower at the bottom. Further, a gas supply pipe 2 is fixed to the cyclone main body 1 and inserted vertically into the interior from the upper center, and a gas inlet chamber 3 is fixed to the lower end of the gas supply pipe 2. The gas inlet chamber 3 is formed in a sealed cylindrical shape, and is provided with a partition plate 20 that connects the upper part of the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the cyclone separator body 1. The partition plate 20 partitions the inside of the cyclone separator main body 1 into two chambers, the upper chamber forms a gas outlet chamber 5 connected to the gas 8 ports 17, and the lower chamber is connected to the particle amount lower. A particle accumulation chamber 6 is formed. Further, a plurality of single cyclone separators 4 are fixed to the gas inlet chamber 3, passing through the gas inlet chamber 3 in the vertical direction and arranged in a plurality in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, each of the single cyclone separators 4 has an upper end fixed to the upper part of the gas inlet chamber 3 and is provided with a gas outlet pipe 21 opening into the gas outlet chamber 5. There is. At the lower part of the gas outflow pipe 21, the gas outflow pipe 2
formed with a large diameter so as to have a gap with the outer peripheral surface of 1,
The upper end of a main body 22 whose upper and lower ends are sealed is fixed. The main body 22 opens at its upper part in the tangential direction toward the lower outer peripheral surface of the gas outflow pipe 21, and applies centrifugal force to the gas containing particles, causing it to swirl in the direction of the arrow in the swirling chamber 19 below. A plurality of gas spout ports 18 are formed at the bottom.
A central hole 11 in the center allows gas from the lower particle accumulation chamber 6 to flow into the upper swirling chamber 19, and a central hole 11 in the periphery of which allows the particles separated from the gas in the upper swirling chamber 19 to flow into the lower particle accumulation chamber 6.
A plurality of particle ejection ports 12a and 12b are formed to eject the particles.

Next, the operation will be explained.

After the gas containing particles flows into the gas inlet chamber 3 through the gas supply pipe 2, the gas flows from each gas spout 18 of the plurality of single cyclone separators 4 to the lower part of the gas outlet pipe 21 in the single cyclone separator main body 22. It is spun in the direction of the tangential line toward the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder and rotated in the direction of the arrow in the lower turning chamber 19. Therefore, the gas and particles are separated by the centrifugal force caused by the swirling, and only the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 17 through the gas outlet pipe 21 and the gas outlet chamber 5. Further, the particles, including some gas, are ejected from the particle ejection ports 12a, 12b into the particle accumulation chamber 6 below. Then, the particles containing a part of the gas separate the part of the gas and pass through the center hole 11 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 7 and return to the swirling chamber 19.
The remaining gas is discharged from the particle volume lower at the bottom. In FIG. 3, the case where the particle amount lower is connected to the outside via the blowdown line 23 is shown,
The particles fed into the blowdown 23 from the particle amount lower are discharged to the outside along with the gas through the blowdown line 23 due to a part of the gas.

Incidentally, related devices of this type include, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 55-137054 and 55-5405.
No. 1, JP-A No. 61-5140, etc.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the above conventional technology, there is a large difference between the performance of each single cyclone separator alone and the performance of a multi-cyclone separator using a large number of single cyclone separators. For example, each single cyclone separator alone can remove almost 100% of particles larger than 10μ, but with a multi-cyclone separator, the removal rate drops to 20-30%, which causes a major problem in the performance of the cyclone separator. That was common. In the process of studying cyclone separators, we discovered the following. In other words, according to conventional theory, the large performance difference between a single cyclone separator and a multi-cyclone separator that uses it is said to be due to the fact that the flow velocity at the inlet where the fluid enters the swirling chamber is not uniform in the multi-cyclone separator. It's here. However, the above conventional theory is not theoretical considering that the flow velocity of the fluid entering the swirling chamber and the flow velocity inside the swirling chamber are 5 to 10 times higher than the flow velocity in the configuration before the prior art, and Experiments have also shown that the gas flow velocity at the inlet of the swirling chamber is almost uniform and does not significantly reduce the performance of the multi-cyclone separator.

Therefore, the inventor of the present application attempted an experiment on a point that is completely different from the conventional theory described above, namely, how particles ejected from the particle ejecting part of each single cyclone separator move in the case of a multi-cyclone separator. .

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the particles ejected from the particle ejection portions 12a, 12b of each single cyclone separator 4 interfere with each other, and the flow beneath each single cyclone separator 4 becomes complicated.

It was found that the cause was that particles once ejected were mixed into the flow of gas returning inside from the center hole 11.

The relationship will be further explained with reference to FIG. 7 as follows. The pressure distribution in the lower half inside each single cyclone separator 4 is higher in the outer peripheral part P than in the central part P4, and has a shape like a quadratic curve. Here, particle ejection parts 12a and 12b of the single cyclone separator 4
Assuming that the pressure below is P2 and the pressure below the center hole 11 is P3, the relationship between these pressures is P + > P 2 # P
3>P4.

Therefore, the particle ejection parts 12a, 12b and the central hole 1
The circulating flow in No. 1 is a flow generated by a pressure difference between the outer circumferential portion and the inner circumferential portion caused by swirling of gas in the swirling chamber 19. In particular, when the gas flow is large, even in the single cyclone separator 4, as shown in FIG.
Particles of 6 μm or less are drawn through the central hole 11 and enter the clean gas, resulting in a decrease in the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 4.

An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-cyclone separator that maintains a separation efficiency equal to or higher than that of each single cyclone separator.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fluid inlet chamber for introducing a fluid containing particles into a body having a fluid outlet in the upper part and a particle outlet in the bottom part, and a fluid inlet chamber formed in the upper part of the body. and a particle accumulation chamber formed in a lower part of the fluid inlet chamber and connected to the particle outlet, and passing through the fluid inlet chamber in the vertical direction, The fluid containing particles from the inlet chamber is separated from the particles by centrifugal force, the fluid is discharged through the fluid outlet chamber to the outside from the fluid outlet, and a portion of the particles containing the fluid is passed through the particle accumulation chamber. A multi-cyclone separator including a plurality of single cyclone separators circumferentially discharging the particles to the outside from the particle outlet, wherein at least two filters are installed in the particle accumulation chamber to separate fluid and particles; and a connecting pipe for guiding the fluid separated from the particles into the plurality of single cyclone separators.

Further, in order to prevent clogging of the at least two filters, each of the filters is provided with a filter cleaning means for jetting external clean fluid from a direction opposite to the flow of the fluid.

Further, the filter cleaning means includes at least two clean fluid supply pipes which are branched from the vicinity of the at least two filters of the connecting pipe and connected to a clean fluid supply source, each having a first switching valve; at least two second switching valves installed between the clean fluid supply pipe connection point and the single cyclone separator; and between the at least two second switching valves of the connecting pipe and the single cyclone separator. The pressure difference between the pressure of and a differential pressure gauge that closes the second switching valve on the filter side and opens the first switching valve on the filter side.6 Also, the at least two filters have a relatively large pressure gauge separated from the fluid. In order to prevent particles from getting caught up in the filter, the filter is provided in the upper part of the particle accumulation chamber.

Further, in order to adjust the amount of fluid discharged from the particle outlet for transporting the particles, the particle outlet is equipped with a regulating valve.

[For production]

In the first invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the pressure distribution in the swirling chamber of each single cyclone separator is such that P + > P
2 Taking advantage of the fact that both P 3 > P 4, when fluid containing particles is ejected from the swirling chamber to the particle accumulation chamber below, the fluid containing particles moves toward the filter above the particle accumulation chamber where the pressure is lower. do. Therefore, the fluid and particles are separated by the filter, and only the fluid passes through the connecting pipe and returns to the swirling chamber of each single cyclone separator. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fluid below the particle ejection port of each single cyclone separator from being entrained by the circulation flow, thereby improving the efficiency of separating the fluid and particles.

Also second. A third invention provides, among the above at least two,
The pressure in the connecting pipe connecting each single cyclone separator due to clogging of one of the fills,
When a large pressure difference occurs between the pressure inside the particle collection chamber and the clogged filter, external cleaning fluid is ejected from the direction opposite to the fluid flow, and the other filter continues to clean the fluid and particles. Since the separation is continued, the filter can be prevented from clogging, and the separation efficiency of the multi-cyclone separator can be prevented from decreasing.

Further, since the filter is installed in the upper part of the particle accumulation chamber, it is possible to prevent relatively large particles from getting caught up in the filter.

It is also equipped with an adjustment valve for adjusting the outflow amount of fluid for conveying particles to the particle outlet. The fluid discharged from the particle outlet is discharged to the outside.

By adjusting this discharge rate, fluid losses can be reduced.

〔Example〕

1 and 2 showing one embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

The embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has two particles installed in the upper part of the particle accumulation chamber 6, as is clear when compared with FIGS. 3 to 7 showing the conventional example. filter 8a,
8b and the two filters 8a.

8b, and the common main pipe 9 is connected to the central hole 11 in the lower part of each single cyclone separator 4.
A plurality of connecting pipes 10 are provided. Further, the common main tube 9 is provided with the filter 8a.

The difference is that the present invention includes a filter cleaning means 24 for cleaning the particle ratio lower part 8b, and a blowdown gas flow rate adjustment valve 25 installed at the particle ratio lower, so the above-mentioned differences will be mainly explained.

The two filters 8a and 8b each have a particle accumulation chamber 6.
Since it is installed in the inner upper part, two filters 8a,
The relatively large particles separated from the gas by 8b fall downward into the particle accumulation chamber 6 due to their own weight and are discharged to the blowdown line 23 from the particle ratio lower.

The filter cleaning means 24 is branched from near both ends of the common main pipe 9 and connected to a clean gas supply source (not shown), and each has a first switching valve 26a.

Two clean gas supply pipes 27a, 27b with 26b
has been established. Further, the common main pipe 9 is provided with the two clean gas supply pipes 27a and 27b. Further, the common main pipe 9 includes the two clean gas supply pipes 27a, 27.
Two second switching valves 28a and 28b are provided between the connecting portion with the connecting pipe IO and the connecting portion with the connecting pipe IO. Further, the common main pipe 9 includes the two second switching valves 28a, 2.
Two differential pressure gauges 29a and 29b are provided to detect the pressure difference between the particle accumulation chamber 6 and the particle accumulation chamber 6. Therefore, in the filter cleaning means 24, since one of the filters 8a or 8b is clogged, the pressure difference between the pressure in the common main pipe 9 and the pressure in the particle accumulation chamber 6 on the side of one of the filters 8a or 8b becomes large. When one of the differential pressure gauges 29a or 29b detects this, one of the second switching valves 28a or 28b is fully closed, and one of the first switching valves 26a or 26b is fully opened to supply clean gas from the clean gas supply source. It passes through one of the clean gas supply pipes 27a or 27b and injects it from the back side onto one of the filters 8a or 8b for cleaning. At this time, the other filter 8b or 8a continues to separate gas and particles, so the separation efficiency of the multi-cyclone separator does not decrease. Since the filters 8a and 8b are installed in a space of It is prevented.

The blowdown gas flow rate adjustment valve 25 is connected to the blowdown line 23 connected to the particle chamber lower, and adjusts the flow rate of the blowdown gas for conveying particles to the blowdown line 23. That is, conventionally, in order to convey particles to the blowdown line 23, the gas supply pipe 2
The blowdown gas is discharged at a rate of about 3% of the gas flow rate supplied to the pump. Since this blowdown gas is exhausted to the outside, it must be reduced as much as possible.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the single particle ejection port 12a is used.

The gas ejected from 12b into the particle accumulation chamber 6 below together with the particles is separated from the particles by filters 8a and 8b.
It is purified and returned into the swirling chamber 6 through the center hole 11 of each single cyclone separator 4. Therefore, the amount of blowdown gas can be adjusted to 1% by the gas flow rate adjustment valve 25 installed in the blowdown line 23.

Therefore, gas loss can be reduced.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the effects described below.

According to the first invention, particles separated from the fluid can be prevented from winding up from the center hole due to the interference of the fluid flow generated in the lower part between each single cyclone separator, so the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator is improved. can be improved.

Also, since the amount of fluid flowing from the particle outlet to the blowdown system can be reduced, fluid losses can be reduced.

Second. According to the third invention, clean fluid is injected only into the clogged filter from the direction opposite to the flow of fluid containing particles, and the other filters act to separate the fluid and particles. Clogging can be easily prevented,
Moreover, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the separation efficiency of the multi-cyclone separator.

According to the fourth invention, since the filter is installed in the upper part of the particle accumulation chamber, it is possible to prevent relatively large particles from getting caught up in the filter, thereby preventing clogging of the filter.

According to the fifth invention, since the blowdown gas flow rate regulating valve is provided in the blowdown line connected to the particle outlet, the blowdown gas flow rate can be reduced and gas loss can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a multi-cyclone separator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a first enlarged cross-sectional view,
FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a conventional multi-cyclone separator, FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the single cyclone separator shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in Figure 4, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4.
It is a pressure distribution diagram in the lower part of the single cyclone separator of the figure. 1°° Multi-cyclone separator body, 2... Gas supply pipe, 3... Gas inlet chamber, 4... Single cyclone separator, 5... Gas outlet chamber, 6... Particle accumulation chamber, 7... ...Particle 8 ports, 8a, 8b...Filter, 9...Common main tube, 10...Connecting pipe, 11...Center hole, 12a, 12b...Particle outlet, 24...Filter Cleaning means, 25...Blowdown gas flow rate adjustment valve. Agent Patent Attorney Tadashi Akimoto Figure 2 4-11 Shinnonu City Ikroseha “Reta” 11-m
-Junior 1st hole 9---Mutual treatment-J# lie 12a
Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fluid inlet chamber for introducing a fluid containing particles into the main body, which has a fluid outlet at the upper part and a particle outlet at the bottom; a particle accumulation chamber formed in a lower part of the fluid inlet chamber and connected to the particle outlet, the particle accumulation chamber passing through the upper fluid inlet chamber in the vertical direction; A multi-cyclone separator including a plurality of single cyclone separators in the circumferential direction that separate a fluid containing particles from particles by centrifugal force, wherein at least two filters are installed in the particle accumulation chamber to separate the fluid and the particles. and a connecting pipe for guiding the fluid separated by the filter into the plurality of single cyclone separators. 2. The multi-cyclone separator according to claim 1, wherein the at least two filters are provided with filter cleaning means for jetting external cleaning fluid from a direction opposite to the flow of the fluid. 3. The filter cleaning means includes at least two clean fluid supply pipes branched from the connecting pipe near the at least two filters and connected to a clean fluid supply source, each having a first switching valve; at least two second cyclone separators installed between the at least two clean fluid supply pipe connection points of the connecting pipe and the single cyclone separator;
detecting the difference between the pressure between the switching valve, the at least two second switching valves of the connecting pipe and the single cyclone separator, and the pressure in the particle accumulation chamber; A differential pressure gauge that closes a second switching valve on the filter side and opens a first switching valve on the filter side when the pressure difference between the connecting pipe on the filter side and the particle accumulation chamber becomes large because the filter is clogged. The multi-cyclone separator according to claim 2, characterized in that it is comprised of: 4. Claim 2 or 3, wherein the at least two filters are provided in an upper part of the particle accumulation chamber.
Multi-cyclone separator as described. 5. The multi-cyclone separator according to claim 1, wherein the particle outlet is equipped with a flow rate adjustment valve for adjusting the flow rate of the fluid discharged together with the particles.