JPH04190692A - Device for controlling energizing of inductance load - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform energizing control which can quickly respond to quickly changing input signals by charging a small-capacitance capacitor to a high voltage with the magnetic energy accumulated during turned-off time and supplementing the copper and iron losses produced when the magnetic energy is converted with an additionally provided inductance for charging. CONSTITUTION:A capacitor 5 is charged to a high voltage by blocking a circulating current by means of a diode 6 for preventing reverse flow. Therefore, when the electric current abruptly decreases by a prescribed value, the output of the capacitor 5 returns to a high level due to the hysteresis characteristic of an operational amplifier 11a. In addition, a transistor 3d is conducted when transistors 3a and 3b are conducted and the current flowing to an inductance load 1 increases. The magnetic energy accumulated in an inductance 1a is converted into electrostatic energy when the capacitor 5 is charged with the magnetic energy through a diode 4c. When the capacitor 5 is further charged with the magnetic energy from an already charged state, the voltage across the capacitor 5 is further raised to a high voltage. Therefore, the current of the inductance load 1 can quickly rise.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] "Industrial field of application" Used to control the energization of the armature coil of a room engine with a specified waveform when rotating at high speed, with an output of 1Oθ watts or more. .

Furthermore, in controlling the current of the electromagnet of the magnetic bearing, since the inductance of the excitation coil is large, it is difficult to rapidly change the current flowing to levitate the rotor. Such difficult problems are obviated by utilizing the measures of the present invention.

[Conventional technology]

Armature coil (excitation coil) of reluctance type motor
Since the inductance is extremely large, it is difficult to control the current flowing using the position detection signal.

Therefore, although there is an advantage of large output torque, there are the following disadvantages. The time width of the rise and fall portions of the applied current becomes large, and therefore reduced torque and counter-torque occur, making it impossible to increase the rotational speed and efficiency. Therefore, there are currently almost no examples of this being put into practical use.

In addition, in order to improve the responsiveness of the chopper circuit for the current flowing through an inductance load, when the inductance load is large, the power supply voltage is increased correspondingly to make the current rise rapidly, and the accumulated magnetism due to the inductance is increased. By circulating energy back to the power source, the current flowing through the device is controlled by rapidly reducing the drop in current and increasing the responsiveness.

``Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention'' As explained in the first problem [prior art] section, in order to increase the responsiveness of the current flowing through a large inductance load using a chopper circuit, the power supply voltage must be increased. Although there are means to do this, there is a problem in that the power supply voltage becomes extremely high in order to obtain faster response, which impairs practicality.

For example, in the case of an induction motor or a reluctance type motor with an output of SOO Watts, in order to make the pulse width of chopper control of the armature current several microseconds, the applied voltage to obtain the driving torque must be k -10 times. voltage is required, which has the disadvantage of impractical use.

Second issue: When energizing the armature coil of a reluctance type motor by the width of the position detection signal, the rise of the energized current is delayed due to the large inductance, resulting in reduced torque. When stopped, the current drops due to the release of stored magnetic energy, which takes a long time and generates counter torque.

Therefore, there is a problem that the electric motor operates at a low speed.

In particular, in the case of a battery power source for an automobile, the applied voltage is low, so the rotation speed is limited to several hundred rotations per minute and is not practical.

Although it is advantageous as an on-vehicle electric motor because it is small and has a large output torque, it has the problem that it cannot be put to practical use due to the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The same disadvantage exists in the case of pulse motors (stepping motors).

[Means to solve problems]

First means: a first semiconductor switching element connected to both ends of an inductance load; a DC power supply supplying power to the inductance load via the first and second semiconductor switching devices; and a first semiconductor switching element. The first diode is connected in reverse to the series connection with the inductance load, the second diode is connected in reverse to the series connection of the second semiconductor switching element and the inductance load, and the current flowing through the inductance load is detected. a current detection circuit that obtains a detection voltage, a reference voltage having a set arbitrary waveform voltage, a backflow prevention diode inserted in the forward direction into the DC power supply side that supplies power to the inductance load, and a current detection circuit that obtains a detection voltage. A capacitor connected in parallel, a charging inductance to which a set current is applied from a DC power supply via a third semiconductor switching element, and a first
゜The energization control circuit holds the third semiconductor switching element non-conductive only when the second semiconductor switching element becomes conductive or the non-conductive trap is held, and the third semiconductor switching element is changed to non-conductive. In some cases, an electric circuit is provided in which a current due to the magnetic energy stored in the charging inductance flows into the capacitor through a third diode to charge the capacitor, and when the force detection voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the first ．． Second. The third semiconductor switching element is made non-conductive, and the backflow prevention diode prevents the current caused by the release of the accumulated magnetic energy of the inductance load from flowing into the DC power supply side.
The stored magnetic energy charges the capacitor filled with the capacitor through the diode and is converted into electrostatic energy, charging the capacitor to a high voltage, thereby causing the current to flow to drop rapidly. , when it drops to a predetermined value, the first. It is constituted by a chopper circuit that makes the second semiconductor switching element conductive and uses the high voltage charged in the inductor to cause the current to rise rapidly.

a second means connected to both ends of each of the first and second inductance loads; A fungal semiconductor switching element and a second,
a second semiconductor switching element; 1st. Second,
via the second semiconductor switching elements.
A DC power supply that supplies power to the second inductance load, a reversely connected diode that is reversely connected to the series connection of each semiconductor switching element and each inductance load connected thereto, and energization of the first and second inductance loads. an energizing current detection circuit that detects a current and obtains a first detection voltage;
, a reference voltage that commands the conduction current of the second inductance load, a reverse current prevention diode inserted in the forward direction on the side of the DC power supply that supplies power to the first and second inductance loads, and connected in parallel to the diode. a charging inductance that is energized from a DC power source via a third semiconductor switching element; and a current-carrying current detection circuit that detects the current flowing through the charging inductance and obtains a second detection voltage. The first . 1st
conducts the semiconductor switching element of the even-numbered electrical signal to energize the first inductance load, and in response to the even-numbered electrical signal, the second semiconductor switching element conducts by the width thereof to energize the second inductance load; An energization control circuit that makes the third semiconductor switching element conductive and energizes the charging inductance by all the th and even-numbered electric signals, and when the third semiconductor switching element becomes non-conductive, the charging inductance an electric circuit that charges the capacitor with a current generated by accumulated magnetic energy through a diode reversely connected to a connection point between the charging inductance and the third semiconductor switching element; and the first detection voltage and reference. By comparing the voltage with the voltage proportional to the voltage, the conduction and non-conduction of the first, first, second, and second semiconductor switching elements are controlled.
A first chopper circuit that maintains the current value of the second inductance load at a value corresponding to the reference voltage, and a 30th semiconductor switching element by comparing the second detection voltage and a voltage proportional to the reference voltage. A second chopper circuit controls conduction and non-conduction of the charging inductance to maintain the current value of the inductance at a value corresponding to the reference voltage. When the electrical signal included in the signal train is stopped at the end, the reverse current prevention diode prevents the current due to the release of the magnetic energy stored in the inductance load and the charging inductance from flowing into the DC power supply, and the reverse current is prevented. The stored magnetic energy via the connected diode charges the capacitor and converts it into electrostatic energy, thereby holding the capacitor at a high charging voltage and rapidly reducing the carrying current; Next, when the energization of another inductance load is started at the beginning of the next electric signal, the energized current rapidly rises due to the high voltage charged in the capacitor. It is something. - Third means 1st. Second. Third. . . are connected to both ends of each of the plurality of inductance loads. via the first and... semiconductor switching elements, respectively. Second. A DC power source that supplies power to the third inductance load, a reverse connection diode connected in reverse to the series connection of each semiconductor switching element and each inductance load connected thereto, and a reversely connected diode connected to the series connection body of each semiconductor switching element and each inductance load connected thereto. Second
．． A conduction current detection circuit that detects the conduction current of each inductance load of the 3rd degree... and obtains a first group of detected voltages; Second. The reference voltage that commands the current flowing through the third inductance load, and the first... Second. Third...
・The first . 2nd゜3rd. . . , and first, second, third, . . . diodes connected in parallel to the diodes. . . , and the first capacitor, which is energized from the DC power supply via the semiconductor switching element.
Second. Third. . . . a charging inductance, an energizing current detection circuit that detects the energizing current of the charging inductance to obtain the first group of detected voltages, a respective circuit for the second group of detected voltages, and a predetermined time width. A first electric signal train of rectangular waves arranged 6Q apart from each other by the same time width, and electric signals of rectangular waves of the same shape whose phase is sequentially delayed by a predetermined width from the first electric signal train are arranged. The second one.

Third. . . . and the first electrical signal train, the first and t'7 semiconductor switching elements are made conductive by the width thereof, and the first inductance load is energized, and the second
．． Third. . . , the second . Certification semiconductor device switching device, 3rd. The third semiconductor switching elements, . . . are brought into conduction, and the second, third, . . . , the first inductor, respectively. Second. Third.
A second energization control circuit that energizes the charging inductances of . The current generated by the magnetic energy is passed through a diode reversely connected to the connection point between the charging inductance and the semiconductor switching element. Second. By comparing the electric circuit that charges the capacitors of the third . 1st. Second, second, third, third. The conduction and non-conduction of the semiconductor switching elements of the first... are controlled. Second
．． Third. When the energization of one of the inductance loads is stopped at the end of the electric signal included in the electric signal train, a current due to the release of the magnetic energy accumulated in the charging inductance corresponding to the inductance load is generated in the DC power source. The corresponding capacitor is charged with the stored magnetic energy through the reverse-connected diode and converted into electrostatic energy, thereby causing the capacitor to be charged at a high voltage. When the inductance load is energized by the next electric signal, the high voltage charged in the capacitor causes the current to flow at the initial starting point. It is composed of an electric circuit that allows the rise of the current to be rapid.

[Effect]

The current value of the first working inductance load is controlled by a chopper circuit. Since the conduction current is turned on and off by a semiconductor switching element, the inductance causes the rise of the current when it is on and the drop of the current when it is off, resulting in a loss of fast response.

Measures have been used to solve the above-mentioned problems by increasing the power supply voltage, but this also has its limitations.

In the device of the present invention, the stored magnetic energy during the OFF state is charged into a small capacitor to create a high voltage, and this high voltage causes the current to rise and fall quickly, thereby controlling the current flow with quick response. ing.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned copper loss and iron loss during conversion of magnetic energy are supplemented by an attached charging inductance, so that the above-mentioned function can be completely performed.

Therefore, the first problem is solved.

In the second action reluctance type electric motor and the pulse electric motor, the inductance of the armature coil is extremely large, so it is difficult to conduct electricity for the width of one position detection signal, and the time width of the rise and fall of the current increases.

Therefore, it is impossible to increase the rotational speed due to the reduced torque during startup and the counter torque during descent.

If the DC power supply voltage is set to a high voltage, the rotational speed will increase, but the efficiency will deteriorate and practicality will be lost.

In the device of the present invention, the large accumulated magnetic energy of the armature coil at the time of de-energization at the end of the position detection signal is charged into a capacitor, held at a high voltage, and the high voltage is applied to the armature coil to be energized next. This makes the rise of the current rapid.

Since the copper loss and iron loss at this time are supplemented by the magnetic energy of the separately provided charging inductance, a reluctance type motor with high speed and high efficiency can be obtained.

Therefore, the second problem is solved.

〔Example〕

The details of the apparatus of the present invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 and subsequent figures. Components with the same symbols in the drawings are the same members, so a redundant explanation will be omitted.

In FIG. 1(a), the symbol l is an inductor load, such as one armature coil of a motor or an excitation coil of a magnetic bearing. The magnetic core of the coil is omitted and not shown.

Transistors 3a and 3b are connected across the load /, and a diode 4! a, 4(b) are reversely connected to each transistor and the load l.

Is the excitation current (which can also be thought of as an armature current) a resistance? a
Absolute value circuit (rectifier circuit)
10, and its output is input to one terminal of an operational amplifier //a. The input of the child terminal is the reference voltage of terminal //.

An example of the reference voltage is shown as curve /q in the time chart of FIG.

The load l is powered by the DC power supply terminals 2a and 2b via the diode 6 connected in the forward direction.

The reference voltage shown by the curve /4 (in Fig. 2 is the operational amplifier l/a
, the output of the operational amplifier //a is input to the AND circuit ga. Since the input to the terminal 3a is held at a high level, the transistor 3a is
conducts. At the same time, transistor 3b also becomes conductive.

Therefore, the load / is energized, and the excitation current rises as shown by the dotted curve IS in FIG. 2, and energization is started.

When the voltage drop across the resistor 9a (proportional to the current, that is, the excitation current) exceeds the voltage at the child terminal of the operational amplifier //a, the output of the operational amplifier //a changes to a low level, so the transistors 3a, :lb becomes non-conductive.

It is a well-known method to circulate the large magnetic energy accumulated in the load l to the power supply positive electrode 2a side via the diodes fa and Ilb and eliminate it. However, in the device of the present invention, the backflow prevention diode The guard 6 prevents the above-mentioned reflux, so the capacitor S is charged to a high voltage.

Therefore, the current drops rapidly, and when it drops by a given value,
Due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier //a, its output returns to high level.

Therefore, the transistors 3a and 3b become conductive, and the excitation current rises rapidly due to the charging voltage of the capacitor S. However, when the output of the absolute value circuit 10 increases to the voltage of curve llI in FIG. a, J-b become non-conductive again. A chopper circuit repeats such a cycle, and the excitation current curve &lS of the load l is proportional to the curve @tq (reference voltage) k.

The current curve at the bottom shows the above-mentioned chopper action by temporally enlarging only the vicinity of the dotted line 1B in FIG.

Point 11M1 (a) is an enlarged view of the excitation current proportional to the reference voltage l. Song i/ja, /! ;
b, . . . indicate the pulsating current actually flowing through the load l. When the transistors 3a and 3b become conductive, the current rises as shown by the curve /ja, but at this time, the rise of the current becomes rapid due to the high voltage due to the electrostatic energy stored in the capacitor S.

When the voltage rises to the dotted line /41a, the energy of the transistor 3a charges the capacitor S to a high voltage, so
The descent will be rapid.

By repeating this cycle, the excitation current changes with the curve IQa as the upper limit.

curve/! ;a,/! ; b The time span of p... is
It changes depending on the capacitance of the capacitor S, and has the characteristic that the smaller the capacitance, the smaller the time width.

The above fact can be inferred from the fact that the load l and the capacitor S have properties similar to those of a parallel resonant circuit, and the smaller the capacitance of the capacitor S, the higher the resonance frequency becomes.

Energy loss occurs due to Joule loss due to the resistance of the inductance load l and loss due to iron loss occurring in the magnetic core of the inductance load.

Increasing the chopper frequency increases this loss correspondingly. According to actual measurements, the loss is about 30%.

Therefore, the electrostatic energy stored in the capacitor S is reduced and further reduced due to losses when converting this electrostatic energy into magnetic energy of the inductance load l.

For the above-mentioned reason, the widths of the rising portion 15a and the falling portion of the current shown in FIG. 2 increase, making it difficult to perform a chopper action at a high frequency.

In particular, in the case of a large inductance load l, the above-mentioned difficulties become a major drawback, and the time span arrow 12 of the curve is
If is small, the exciting current /3 corresponds to the curve /4'
This results in the drawback that it is impossible to control accurately and responsively.

Next, means for eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks will be explained. An inductance in which a coil is wound around a soft ferrite magnetic core with a closed magnetic path is indicated by the symbol /a.

The inductance/a of the transistor 3 is due to the power supply terminal, the positive voltage terminal −〇 whose voltage is lower than 2a, and the negative voltage terminal 2b.
energized via c.

Terminal? Since a more positive voltage is being input, the transistor 3C is conductive.

Therefore, a predetermined current value is applied to the inductance /a. When the output of the AND circuit ffa is at a high level, that is, when the transistors Ja and Jb are conductive and the current of the inductance load l increases, the transistor 3d is conductive.

Transistor 3C is turned non-conductive and the magnetic energy stored in inductance /a is converted into electrostatic energy by charging capacitor S to the polarity shown through diode IC.

Therefore, due to the magnetic energy stored in the inductance load l, the voltage of the capacitor S, which has already been charged, increases to a high voltage.

Therefore, the rise of the current in the inductance load becomes rapid.

Next, when the output of the AND circuit zaa becomes a low level, the inductance load l is de-energized, and the current in the resistor /a increases.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the energy lost due to copper loss and iron loss of inductance l is
Since it is replenished via the diode lIc from a, the width of the rise and fall portions of the chopper current can be maintained at predetermined values, and the energization control of the inductance load l with quick response can be performed. .

Since the inductance/a charges the capacitor S, it is called a charging inductance.

When the current of the inductance load l rises, the capacitor S is charged by the charging inductance /a, but
The same purpose can be achieved by inserting an inverting circuit 3e shown by a dotted line to charge the capacitor S with the stored magnetic energy of inductance/a when the current of the inductance load l drops.

It is more effective to set the current value of the charging inductance /a to be large in accordance with the current flowing through the inductance load l.

Therefore, the positive voltage terminal 2 is proportional to the voltage of the reference voltage 1/
c can be increased, or transistor 3c can be operated in the active region, and the terminal ? The base current flowing in from
The purpose is achieved by setting the voltage to be proportional to the reference voltage l/.

FIG. 1(b) is another means to achieve the same objective. The capacitor S in FIG. 1(b) differs from that in FIG. 1(a) in that it is connected in parallel with the diode 6. Also, the chopper circuit is different.

In FIG. 1(b), the excitation current increases and the resistance qa
When the voltage drop exceeds the voltage at the reference voltage terminal /l (curve lda in FIG. 2), the output of the operational amplifier //a changes to a high level. From this output, a differential pulse at the rising edge is obtained by the differentiating circuit 13, and the differential pulse is obtained by the monostable circuit/J
By energizing a, an electric pulse of a predetermined duration can be obtained.

This electric pulse is inverted by an inverting circuit /3b, energizing transistors 3a and 3b and rendering them non-conductive.

The time width of the electric pulse mentioned above is the curve /3;h in Figure 2.
, /,td,... are made equal to the width.

The required chopping action is thus performed.

When the current flow to inductance/a is cut off.

Due to the magnetic energy, the capacitor S is charged to the polarity shown in the figure, so the voltage of the power supply positive terminal cores a, 2b and the charging voltage of the capacitor 5 are added, and the inductance load l
A more effective means than in the case of FIG. 1 (1)) is to make the rise of the applied current rapid and also the rapid fall of the current.

Other effects are the same as in the case of FIG. 1(a).

According to known means, the voltage applied to the terminals Ja, 2b becomes a high voltage and the chopper frequency (curve lta).

There is a limit to reducing the time width of / & b, ... Therefore, the width of the arrow l of the reference voltage direction m/'I is small.
When it comes to about 00 microseconds, there is a drawback that a response with a small time constant corresponding to the unevenness as shown in the curve lq is impossible.

According to the device of the present invention, even if the applied voltage is low, due to the action of the capacitor S, the response speed can be increased.

According to actual measurements, when controlling the energization of the excitation coil of the magnetic pole of a roughtance type motor with an output of about 300 watts, the curve /ja, / with an applied DC voltage of 100 volts.
The width of jb,... is 0. It becomes S microsecond.

The capacitance of the capacitor S at this time is 0. l microfarad.

Therefore, even in the case of a large inductance load, the excitation current can be controlled with good responsiveness.
By controlling the energization of the excitation coil of the magnetic bearing,
There is an effect that the magnetic levitation of the rotating body can be carried out more accurately.

If semiconductor switching elements called IGBTs are used in place of the transistors Ja, Jb, and JcD, a larger current and faster response can be obtained.

If /'I is a sine wave in the song of FIG. 2, the means of the present invention can be used for the inverter, and a high-speed induction machine with high speed and little vibration can be obtained.

In FIG. 7(1), the diode 6 is provided on the power supply positive electrode side, but as will be described later, the same purpose can be achieved even if it is provided on the power supply negative electrode 2b side.

The armature coil of a reluctance type electric motor has a significantly larger magnetic pole inductance than that of a magnetic rotor brushless electric motor.

Therefore, although the output torque is large, the conversion of the magnetic energy of the magnetic poles is slow, the rotational speed is reduced, and practicality is lost.

When the technique of the present invention is utilized, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated and there is an effect that rotation speeds up to 100,000 revolutions per minute can be obtained.

The details of FIGS. 1(C) and (d) will be explained below.

FIG. 3(a) is a time chart showing a position detection signal of one phase of a three-phase full-wave current-carrying roughtance type electric motor.

Curve /7a', /? b, . . . are position detection signals that command the energization of the armature coil of the magnetic pole of single-wave energization of one phase, each having a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle and 36 degrees from each other.
There is a phase difference of 0 degrees, and the signal is a rectangular wave electrical signal.

Curves /ga, . . . have the same waveform, and serve as position detection signals for energizing the armature coil of the magnetic pole with the other wave.

Curve/ffa, Mountain and Curve/7a, /? b, . . . have a phase difference of 110 degrees in electrical angle.

One armature coil is shown as an inductance load l in FIG. 1(c), and the other armature coil is shown as an inductance load /-/. When the transistors 3a and 3b are energized by the width of the position sensing signal curve /7a, due to their large inductance, as shown in FIG.
When the current flow is cut off at the point indicated by the dotted line, the current drops due to the discharge of large magnetic energy.

The area where positive torque is generated is the width of arrow 2/a and is 110 degrees in electrical angle, so a reduced torque (torque decreases) is generated in the rising portion, and a counter torque is generated in the descending portion.

When rotating at a high speed, the width of the curve 1j/7a becomes correspondingly smaller, but the time width for generating the counter torque remains unchanged.

Also, the amount of reduced torque increases.

Therefore, high speed rotation becomes impossible.

The ideal energization is to energize with a rectangular wave for the width of the curve /7a.

According to the means of the present invention, the above-mentioned problems are solved. Next, I will explain it.

In FIG. 1(e), the curve /? The position detection signals a, /7b, . . . are input from the terminal 7a.

The reference voltage l/ is connected to the child terminal of the operational amplifier //a through a resistor 9
The voltage divided by is input.

The functions of the AND circuit ga,) run raster 3a, 3b, diodes lIa, 41b, resistor 9a, and absolute value circuit 10 are as follows:
This is because it performs exactly the same action as in Fig. 1(a).

Due to the chopper action corresponding to the reference voltage l/, a current of a predetermined value is passed through the inductance load l (armature coil). The afternoon current is the second curve 2 in Figure 3(a).
．． It is equivalent to 1b.

curve/? At the end of a, the transistors aa and 3b are turned non-conductive and the current flow is cut off, the details of which will be explained next.

Power supply is controlled via a transistor 3C using a charging inductance wound around a magnetic core (made of soft ferrite).

The input signal on the left side of the AND circuit zab performs the same function as the AND circuit, so it becomes a chopper circuit.

Therefore, the charging inductance /a has a reference voltage /l
The energization with the current value regulated by the song &/? in Figure 3(a)
It is carried out only by the width of a.

At this time, the charging inductance /a is set. curve/? At the end of a, transistors 3a, 3b
, 3C both turn non-conducting, so the magnetic energy stored in the inductance load l is transferred to the diode &a,
#b, power terminal 2a.

2b to charge the capacitor S to the polarity shown. In addition, the magnetic energy accumulated in the simultaneous charging inductance/a is also transferred to the capacitor S via the diodes llc and 1IeL.
to charge.

Therefore, the capacitor S is charged and maintained at a high voltage.

Symbol A is a block circuit that controls energization of inductance load /-1 in exactly the same way as inductance load l,
The terminal 7b (corresponding to the terminal 7a) has the terminal 9 in FIG. 3(a).
A position detection signal of curve /ga*... is input.

The inductance load /-/ indicates the armature coil wound around the magnetic pole of one wave of the motor, so is it a terminal? According to the position detection signal of the song 715)/fa, .

When the electrical signal of the curve /ffa is input, the transistors on both sides of the inductance load /-/ are made conductive and energized.

The applied voltage at this time is the sum of the charging voltage of the capacitor 3 and the voltages of the power supply terminals 2a and 2b, so the current rises rapidly.

Therefore, it rises like the third curve 23 in FIG. 3(a). After that, the dotted line 23a becomes energization controlled by the chopper circuit.

At the end of the curve /fa, the transistors at both ends of the inductance load /-/ and the transistor 3C below the charging inductance la are simultaneously turned non-conductive, so the current rapidly drops as shown in the curve 1g2Jc.

Since the above-mentioned rise and fall of current flow becomes rapid depending on the charging voltage of the capacitor S, it is necessary to adjust the capacitance of the capacitor S depending on the current flowing through the armature coil and the magnitude of its inductance. The same situation applies to the current flowing through the charging inductance/a and its inductance.

The arrow 2/b in Fig. 3(a) is 110 degrees in electrical angle, so if the widths of curves 22a, 22b, and 2λC are within that range, no counter torque will occur, and if the current is close to a square wave, then No reduced torque occurs.

Next, when an electric signal of curve /71) is inputted from terminal 7a, energization shown in song 1g12d is performed.

As understood from the above explanation, is the terminal? a.

By inputting the position detection signal 7b, the single-wave energized armature coil of one phase and the other single-wave energized armature coil are alternately energized, and at the same time, the charging inductance /a is energized to the same width. Ru.

When energization of each armature coil is changed, the capacitor S is charged and discharged to make the energization rise and fall quickly, and the copper loss and iron loss that occur at this time are calculated by charging inductance/a
It is the gist of the invention to make the above-mentioned rise and fall more rapid by replenishing the stored magnetic energy.

Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the magnitude of the charging inductance /a and the current flowing in FIG. 1(e) so as to satisfy such conditions.

The same means is adopted for the other two-phase armature coils of the three-phase armature coil.

Therefore, it is possible to maintain the large output torque of the reluctance type three-phase motor and to rotate at high speed.

Another means for achieving the same purpose will be described with reference to FIG. 1(d). In FIG. 1(d), only the points different from FIG. 1(e) will be explained.

The curve /? of FIG. 3(a) is applied to the terminal 7a. When the position detection signal a is input, the transistors ah and 3b become conductive, and the inductance load l is energized.

As the current increases, the voltage drop across resistor qa increases
When the input voltage (reference voltage) of the child terminal of a is exceeded, the input of the AND circuit a changes to a low level, so that only the transistor 3a becomes non-conductive.

The magnetic energy of the inductance load/is the transistor 3b and the resistor? A, the current is discharged through the diode b, and the current decreases. When it decreases to the set value, the op amp //
Due to the hysteresis characteristic of a, its output returns to a high level, so transistor 3a becomes conductive again and the current increases. A chopper circuit repeats this cycle, and the current flowing through the inductance load l is maintained at a set value.

curve/? At the terminal of a, both transistors 3a and 3b are non-conductive, so the magnetic energy of the inductance load is transferred to the capacitor S via the diodes 9a and 4fb.
Charge to the polarity shown.

At this time, the voltage of the capacitor S and the power supply 2a.

Since the voltage of 2b is added, the energization of the inductance load / drops rapidly.

Also, the charging inductance /a is changed to the curve /? due to the action of the chopper circuit composed of the AND circuit gb, the resistor 9b, and the operational amplifier //b. Only in the section a, energization is performed at a set value proportional to the reference voltage/l. At the end of curve /7a, the output of AND circuit gb changes to low level, transistor 3c becomes non-conductive, and the magnetic energy of inductance /a is transferred to capacitor S through diode lIc.
is charged to create even higher voltage. Therefore, the current drop in the inductance load l (armature coil) becomes even more rapid.

The block circuit A is the same electric circuit as the one used to energize the inductance load l for energizing another single-wave energized armature coil (indicated by inductance load /-/).

After a predetermined time, a position detection signal of curve /ga in FIG. 3(a) is input to terminal 7b.

A high voltage, which is the sum of the charging voltage of the capacitor S and the power supply terminals Ua and B, is applied by the conduction of the transistors connected to both ends of the inductance load /-l, so that the current flowing through the capacitor S quickly rises.

Thereafter, a chopper circuit including an operational amplifier //a, a resistor 9a, etc. causes the current to have a current value corresponding to the reference voltage.

Similarly to the case described above, a voltage proportional to the reference voltage is applied to the charging inductance /a by the width of the curve /ffa.

As you can see from the above explanation, the inductance load /, /
-/ are alternately energized by the width of the position detection signal, and the initial rise of energization and the fall when energization is stopped are rapid, so that the object of the present invention is achieved.

Constant speed control can be performed by controlling and changing the reference voltages shown in FIGS. 1(Q) and (d) using the rotational speed detection signal of the rotational speed detection device.

The measures according to the invention can also be applied to three-phase brushless motors with magnet rotors. In this case, since the inductance of the armature coil is small, the motor can rotate even faster.

1), the same effect can be obtained even if the capacitor S is removed and a capacitor Sa of the same capacity is provided as shown by the dotted line connection.

The technology of the present invention is a pulse motor (stepping motor)
K can be applied.

A large, high torque pulse motor has the disadvantage that the inductance of the armature coil increases, increasing the stepping time and making it impossible to move the load quickly.

In particular, if a reluctance type is used, the output torque increases, but the above-mentioned drawbacks become even greater.

With the measures of the invention, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated, so that
will be explained next using a pulse motor with single-phase wave energization as an example.

In the time chart of FIG. 3(b), the curve 24ta
.

2, b, . . . are rectangular waves whose widths are electrical angles and are spaced apart by θ degrees. This electrical signal train is a first phase pulse signal.

Curve 2! ;a, 5b,... 2 curves Aa, mub, .
...1 curve 27 a, 2? b, −, curve M a
, ko g b , -, curves ko 9a, 29b, . . . have the same shape as the first phase pulse signal.

The second... Third. These are pulse signals of the D-th, S-th, and sixth phases.

In Figure 9, the armature coil (inductance load) of the first phase attached to the magnetic pole of the seventh phase / and the charging inductance /a are removed from the block circuit A in Figure 7 (d). The energization control is performed by exactly the same circuit.

Therefore, the effects are the same, but the following points are different.

Terminal? When a pulse signal with curve evaluation a in Fig. 3(b) is input from a, the inductance load (armature coil) of the first phase receives the current shown in curve 1 3a, and the current rises. and the descent becomes rapid.

This feature is completely similar to the case of FIG. 3(d).

Next, when the pulse signal of the curve 2'lb is input to the terminal 7a, the high voltage charged in the capacitor S and the power supply terminal 2a,
Since Jb is added and applied to the inductance load l, the rise of the first curve Jb becomes rapid. When the current is stopped at the end of curve 2Q b, the charging inductance/a
And the magnetic energy stored in the inductance load l is
The capacitor S is converted into electrostatic energy and charged to a high voltage.

Therefore, the curve Δb drops rapidly.

As explained above, regardless of the size of the inductance load and even if the rotational speed increases, the effect of energizing the armature coil of the seventh phase with a width corresponding to the electric pulse signal is achieved. be.

Block circuit B is wound around the magnetic poles of the second phase and includes a second phase armature coil, that is, an inductance load /-/ and a charging inductance /1). This is an electric circuit with exactly the same configuration as .

Block circuits C, D, E, and F are also exactly the same circuits, and the third block circuits are the same. No. D, No. 5. This is an energization control circuit for the armature coil of the sixth phase, that is, the inductance loads /-2, /-, 7, /-9, /-3 and the charging inductances /c, /d, /e, /f.

Terminal? b, 7c,? d,? E,? f is shown in Fig. 3 (
b) song Ijl! 2! ia, Δb, . . . and the pulse signals of the stages below are inputted, respectively.

Therefore, the second. Third. Since the armature coils of the D-th, S-th, and sixth phases are energized by the width of the corresponding pulse signal, there is an effect that high-speed stepping rotation is performed.

The objects of the invention are thus achieved.

〔effect〕

By performing chopper control of the current flowing through the first effect inductance load, it is possible to perform current flow control with quick response in response to input signals that change rapidly. This is a particularly effective technique for large inductance loads.

Second effect: A motor with a large output can be driven at high speed and with high efficiency. In particular, in the case of reluctance type electric motors and pulse electric motors, the armature coil (inductance load) has a large inductance, resulting in high torque but low speed, which makes them impractical.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, high torque, high efficiency, and high speed can be obtained, so that a practical and effective technique can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG.
The figure is a time chart of the input signal and energizing current for inductance load control, Figure 3 is a time chart of the motor position detection signal curve and the input pulse signal of the pulse motor, and Figure f is the energization control of the pulse motor. The electrical circuit diagrams for /, /-1, /-2, ... inductance load (armature coil), /a, /b, ... charging inductance, 2a, 2b, 2c,・DC power supply positive and negative terminals,
10... Absolute value circuit, 7/a, //b... Operational amplifier, 3θ... Inverting circuit, l/... Reference voltage, 13... Differentiating circuit, /,? a... Monostable circuit, A, B,... F...Block circuit, IQ...Input electrical signal curve, /j;, /! ;a, /! ;b,.../jd
...Current curve of inductance load, /? a,
/? b, −, /ffa, −, position detection signal curve, /9,22a, 2.1b, −,23,IJa. ---, 2! ; a, 23 b, - energizing current curve;
Ratings a, ko+b. -..., 2! ; a, 2! b, -1,2Aa
, Koro b... , Ko? a.J? b,-,2ga,Mb,
-, 29a, 29b, - Human pulse signal curve.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) First and second semiconductor switching elements connected to both ends of an inductance load, a DC power supply that supplies power to the inductance load via the first and second semiconductor switching, the first semiconductor switching element, and the inductance. a first diode connected in reverse to a series connection with a load; a second diode connected in reverse to a series connection of a second semiconductor switching element and an inductance load;
A current detection circuit that detects the current flowing through an inductance load and obtains a detection voltage, a reference voltage that has a set arbitrary waveform voltage, and a reverse current prevention circuit that is inserted in the forward direction on the DC power supply side that supplies power to the inductance load. a diode, a capacitor connected in parallel to the diode,
Only when the charging inductance, through which the current set from the DC power source is passed through the third semiconductor switching element, and the first and second semiconductor switching elements are electrically connected or are maintained in a non-conductive state. an energization control circuit that maintains a third semiconductor switching element in a non-conductive state;
an electric circuit for charging the capacitor by flowing current due to magnetic energy stored in the charging inductance into the capacitor via the third diode when the third semiconductor switching element is turned non-conductive; When the voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the first, second, and third semiconductor switching elements are turned non-conducting, and the backflow prevention diode prevents current from flowing into the DC power supply side due to the release of the accumulated magnetic energy of the inductance load. The first and second
The stored magnetic energy passes through the third diode to charge the capacitor and convert it into electrostatic energy, and the stored magnetic energy in the charging inductance charges the capacitor via the third diode to convert it into electrostatic energy. By charging the capacitor to a high voltage, the current flowing through the capacitor is rapidly reduced, and when it drops to a predetermined value, the first and second semiconductor switching elements are made conductive, and the high voltage charged in the capacitor is reduced. 1. An energization control device for an inductance load, comprising a chopper circuit that rapidly increases the rise of the energized current depending on the voltage. (2) A first @first@ semiconductor switching element and a second @second@ semiconductor switching element connected to both ends of the first and second inductance loads, respectively;
, a DC power supply that supplies power to the first and second inductance loads via the first and second semiconductor switching elements, respectively, and each semiconductor switching element and each inductance load connected thereto. a reversely connected diode that is reversely connected to the series connection body; a current-carrying current detection circuit that detects the current flowing through the first and second inductance loads to obtain a first detection voltage; and the first and second inductance loads. a reference voltage that commands the current to be supplied, a diode for backflow prevention inserted in the forward direction on the DC power supply side that supplies power to the first and second inductance loads, and a capacitor connected in parallel to the diode. a charging inductance that is energized from a DC power supply via a third semiconductor switching element; a energizing current detection circuit that detects the energizing current of the charging inductance to obtain a second detection voltage; A rectangular wave electric signal train arranged at a predetermined time interval and odd-numbered electric signals included in the electric signal train cause the first semiconductor switching element to conduct by the width thereof. The first inductance load is energized, and the even-numbered electrical signal makes the second, @2nd@ semiconductor switching element conductive by the width thereof, and the second inductance load is energized, and all of the odd-numbered and even-numbered An energization control circuit that makes the third semiconductor switching element conductive and energizes the charging inductance according to an electric signal; and when the third semiconductor element becomes non-conductive, the magnetic energy accumulated in the charging inductance an electric circuit for charging the capacitor with a current through a diode reversely connected to a connection point between the charging inductance and the third semiconductor switching element; and a voltage proportional to the first detection voltage and the reference voltage. By comparing the current values of the first and second inductance loads, the current values of the first and second inductance loads are set to the reference voltage by controlling the conduction and non-conduction of the first, @first@, second, and @second@ semiconductor switching elements. By comparing the first chopper circuit that maintains the corresponding value with the second detection voltage and a voltage proportional to the reference voltage, the third semiconductor switching element is controlled to be conductive or non-conductive, and charging is performed. a second chopper circuit that maintains the current value of the inductance at a value corresponding to the reference voltage; and when energization of one of the first and second inductance loads is stopped at the end of the electrical signal included in the electrical signal train. The reverse current prevention diode prevents the current due to the release of the magnetic energy stored in the inductance load and the charging inductance from flowing into the DC power supply, and the stored magnetic energy is transmitted through the reversely connected diode. By charging the aforementioned capacitor and converting it into electrostatic energy, the capacitor is held at a high charging voltage and the energizing current is rapidly dropped, and then the energizing of another inductance load causes the following: 1. An energization control device for an inductance load, comprising an electric circuit that causes a energizing current to rise rapidly by a high voltage charged in the capacitor when started at the beginning of an electric signal. (3) The first @ first @ connected to both ends of each of a plurality of first, second, third, ... inductance loads.
and a DC power supply that supplies power to the first, second, third, . . . inductance loads through the second, @second@, third, @third@, and . A reversely connected diode connected in reverse to a series connection body of each semiconductor switching element and each inductance load connected thereto, and the current flowing through the first, second, third, etc. inductance loads are detected respectively. an energizing current detection circuit that obtains a first group of detection voltages; a reference voltage that commands energizing currents of the first, second, third, . . . inductance loads;
The first for backflow prevention inserted in the forward direction on the DC power supply side that supplies power to the first, second, third, etc. inductance loads.
, second, third, ... diodes, first, second, third, ... capacitors connected in parallel to the diodes, and a DC power source via a semiconductor switching element. first, second, third, etc. charging inductances that are energized, and an energizing current detection circuit that detects the energizing current of the charging inductances to obtain a second group of detected voltages;
A first chopper circuit that energizes the corresponding charging inductance with a current proportional to the reference voltage according to each of the second group of detected voltages is arranged to be spaced apart from the first chopper circuit by the same time width in a predetermined time width. a first electric signal train of rectangular waves, and second and third electric signals of the same shape whose phase is sequentially delayed by a predetermined width from the first electric signal train.
, . . . and the first electrical signal train, the first, @first@ semiconductor switching element is made conductive by the width thereof, and the first inductance load is energized, and the second,
The third, . . . electrical signal trains cause the second, @second@ semiconductor element switching element, the third, @third@ semiconductor switching element, . . . to conduct, respectively, and the second, A first energization control circuit that energizes a third,... inductance load, and a first, second, third,...
・By the electric signal train, the first and second
A second energization control circuit that energizes the charging inductances of , third, . The current due to the magnetic energy stored in the first, second, third, . . .
By comparing the electric circuit that charges the capacitors with the detected voltage of the first group and the voltage proportional to the reference voltage, 3rd @
, . . . a second chopper that controls conduction or non-conduction of the semiconductor switching elements to maintain the current values of the first, second, third, . . . inductance loads at values corresponding to the reference voltage. When energization of the circuit and one of the first, second, third, etc. inductance loads is stopped at the end of the electrical signal included in the electrical signal train, the charging inductance corresponding to the inductance load is The current flowing into the DC power supply due to the release of stored magnetic energy is blocked by the corresponding backflow prevention diode, and the stored magnetic energy charges the corresponding capacitor via the reversely connected diode to prevent static electricity. The conversion into energy holds the capacitor at a high charging voltage and causes the energizing current to drop rapidly, so that when the inductance load is energized by the next incoming electrical signal, at its initial starting point. 1. An energization control device for an inductance load, comprising: an electric circuit that makes the rise of the energizing current rapid due to the high voltage charged in the capacitor.