JPH04188306A - Program generating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain NC data and teaching data by generating a numerical control program and a teaching work program by generating a working program as the numerical control program, and generating the teaching data as the working program. CONSTITUTION:Graphic data whose working condition is set is read out by an NC data generating function 74 one by one in the order of its being stored, and a dimension word is set by a G code corresponding to the interpolation mode of movement, a start point, an end point, and a radius, etc., and the NC data is generated by reading out the NC data of one element portion one by one. Next, on the judgement of a straight line, the graphic data whose working condition is set is read out by a teaching data generating means 82, and the teaching data of one element portion is generated. Then, the generated NC data and the generated teaching data are outputted to an external machine by a data output means 75. Thus, both the NC data and the teaching data can be efficiently generated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a program generation method, and particularly to a program generation method suitable for processing involving three-dimensional processing, such as laser processing.

C. Prior Art FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an outline of a conventional programming device and a control device.

In the figure, (11 is a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) for comprehensively controlling a programming device (described later); [21 is C, PUfl], which stores instructions given to it and temporarily stores instructions necessary for execution. memory for (3)
(4) is an ink face (hereinafter referred to as I/F) for controlling external equipment such as a control device, and (4) is an ink face (hereinafter referred to as I/F) for exchanging information between an operator and a programming device. A display device (hereinafter referred to as CRT) that converts shape data created by the drawing function of a device and displays the shape, (61 is a keyboard for inputting symbols and numerical values, (6) is a keyboard for inputting coordinates. (7) is a hard disk as an external storage device for the programming device, (8) is a floppy disk device for passing the program for processing to the control device, (9) is a paper tape, punch/read device, ( lO) transfers machining programs online
This is the cable that connects /F. And the above CPU (11
~ Programming device (13) by cable (10)
) is configured.

Next, the functions of the software stored in the hard disk (7) mentioned above will be explained with reference to FIG.

(71) is a drawing means for creating the shape to be processed, and (72) is according to the figure from the drawing means (71).
Path determining means (73) determines processing order for processing, processing start, processing end, etc.
2) Laser output for performing processing on the path obtained by taking into account the material and plate thickness of the workpiece.

Machining condition setting means for setting machining speed, etc., (74) NC data generation means for converting these data into commands for the control device, (75) numerical control data (hereinafter referred to as NC data) output means, The data from the data generation means (74) is output via an I/F (3) to a floppy disk sheet (11), a paper tape (12), or online.

Next, the configuration of the control device will be explained.

(51) is a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) for controlling a control device (67) to be described later, and (52) is a C
d memory for storing commands given to the PU (51) and temporarily storing commands necessary for execution; (53) is the first interface of the programming device (13) with external equipment; and (54) is a display device. (hereinafter referred to as CRT), (
55) is a mechanical operation board for manually inputting control inputs, numbers, and symbols, and (58) is a floppy disk drive 1- (
(11) is a front disk device 1 for receiving and passing the program, (59) is a paper tape reader for reading the paper tape (12), (60) is a teaching box for teaching, and (61) is for controlling the operation of the machine. The limit switches, etc. shown (62) are indicator lights, and these indicator lights (
62) to display the operating status of the machine.

(63) is the CPU (511) and the teaching box (6
0), a second interface with indicator lights (62), (
64) is a motor controller that controls the motor based on the command signal from the CPt1 (51), (65) is an amplifier that amplifies the motor to a predetermined power level based on the command signal from the motor controller (64), and (66) is a motor built into a machine with a built-in detector. and the CPU (51) to machine operation board (55) 1,
The floppy disk device (58) to the motor (66) constitute a control device (67).

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, the operator enters the necessary data for machining in an interactive format while checking the contents displayed on the CRT (41) using the mouse (6) and keyboard (5) to create the figures necessary for machining the workpiece. When the data necessary for this processing is entered manually using the mouse (6) and keyboard (5), this input data is analyzed, converted into shape data, and displayed on the CRT (4).

The mechanism for displaying on the CRT (4) is performed by reading part or all of the data stored in the hard disk (7) into the memory (2) and sequentially analyzing and executing the contents. That is, the shape to be processed is created by the drawing means (71), and then the path determining means (71)
72) executes processing such as processing order, processing start, and processing end for the figure from the drawing means (71), and places the workpiece on the path obtained by the processing condition setting means (73). Laser output, machining speed, etc. are set to carry out machining in consideration of the material and plate thickness, and the NC data generation means (74) converts these into commands for the control device (67), and the NG data output means (75) ) save these program data to a floppy disk sheet (11
), paper tape (12), or online to the control device (67). The program data created as described above will hereinafter be referred to as NC data. In addition, a floppy disk sheet (ill,
The output contents of the paper tape (121, online) are the same, only the output medium is different.Here, the program format for the data-converted control device (67) is in accordance with JIS B6314. The codes for the preparatory function (G code) and auxiliary function (M code) of numerically controlled machine tools are followed.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Conventional program generation methods are only capable of generating NC data. On the other hand, control devices for laser cutting machines analyze NC data and drive a motor to process the desired shape, while others use teaching playback (described later), which is often seen in three-dimensional machining. There are devices that create data, analyze it, and drive a motor to process the desired shape. (In addition, in a laser processing machine, even if there is NC data between the teaching data, it is irradiated from the processing head - processing can be performed as long as the direction of the laser beam is constant.) Therefore, conventional program generation In this method, when posture control is required in addition to changing the moving direction of the processing head, such as in a laser processing machine, NC data is converted into teaching data by another means, and part of this teaching data is added as a subprogram. There are problems such as creating NC data one by one and converting this NC data into teaching data, which requires a separate conversion means, making the conversion work complicated and time consuming. Ta.

This invention was made to solve the above problems, and even in cases where teaching data is required,
NC data can be converted into teaching data without the need for a separate conversion means for converting NC data into teaching data.
The purpose of this invention is to obtain a program generation method that can obtain data and teaching data.

[Means to solve the problem]

The program generation method according to the present invention includes a step of generating a machining program for machining a workpiece as a numerical control program, a step of generating a machining program for machining the workpiece as a teaching data machining program, This step consists of a step of assigning attributes to distinguish the machining programs generated in the above two steps, and a switching step in which the machining programs generated in the above two steps can be mutually switched.

[Effect]

The program generation method according to the present invention includes a step of numerically controlling a machining program for machining a workpiece and generating it as one gram, and a step of generating it as a teaching data machining program.
A teaching data processing program is generated.

[Example〕 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The configurations of the programming device and the control device are the same as those shown in FIG. 10 explained for the conventional device, and the programming device (1
3) The configuration of the software in the hard disk (7) is partially different. Now, the functions of the software in the hard disk (7) will be explained with reference to FIG. In the figure, the plotting means (71) to the data output means (75) are the same as those in the conventional device, so their explanations will be omitted.

(80) is numerical control data (hereinafter referred to as NC data)
The data generation mode setting means (81) determines the attribute added to the graphic data and switches between NC data generation and teaching data generation. Data generation mode switching means (82) is teaching data generation means for generating teaching data from machining condition graphic data.

And means for generating a numerical control program (hereinafter referred to as NG program) by the above-mentioned operation m1 means (71) to NC data generation means (74), data generation mode setting means (80), and data generation mode switching means (81). Configure.

Further, the drawing means (71) to the NC data generation means (7
4) The data generation mode setting means (80) to the teaching data generation means (82) constitute means for generating a teaching data processing program.

Next, NC data and teaching data will be explained here.

First, the NC data is executed by analyzing instructions (G code, M code) in program order (sequence number order) as in the conventional case. The command is E OB (End of Block
A function that indicates the end of one block of a program with the abbreviation k)
Each block is executed for each block divided by 1, and each block contains a function corresponding to the G code and a dimension word (Dimension W) such as the amount of movement.

rd, which is composed of words that represent dimensions, angles, etc. in programs.

Also, the interpolation function for moving the function uses the coordinates of the end point as a dimension word. Therefore, the starting point of a new interpolation coincides with the ending point of the previous interpolation.

On the other hand, teaching data consists of a function equivalent to a G code and a dimension word, and is separated by EOB as in the case of NC data, but the coordinates specified by the dimension word are simply The taught point data is shown below.

Next, how teaching playback is performed will be explained.

Teaching involves teaching the feature points from the shape of the workpiece, and then explaining how to interpolate the feature points (for example, whether to move in a straight line or in a circular arc) along with the coordinates of the feature points. In Figure 10, this is an operation stored in memory (2).

Playback is to move the processing head in accordance with the shape of the object to be processed by re-executing the teaching points obtained through the above operation.

In this case, as a method of moving according to the shape, there are cases in which the program is executed in order (forward) and cases in which it is executed in reverse order (backward).

For this reason, as described above, the teaching playback data stores the teaching point coordinates and movement mode (straight line, circular arc, etc.). The point taught here is always the starting point of movement, and the next taught point is extracted and interpolated in accordance with forward and backward movement.

In this way, although the formats are the same, the meanings are different, and the conditions necessary to process the workpiece, such as the material of the workpiece, plate thickness, laser output, machining speed, etc., are set. The function of converting route data into NC data to the control device is different.

On the other hand, workpieces have curved surfaces and flat surfaces, and when machining a curved surface, unless the machining head is positioned perpendicular to the curved surface, the amount of workpiece machining will increase and the efficiency of machining will decrease. The posture must be perpendicular to the curved surface.However, in the case of a flat surface, the posture can be kept constant.For this reason, teaching data is convenient for changing the posture, and for not changing the posture, it is the same as the NC program. It is convenient to use NC data in the following formats (G code, M code).For this purpose, when drawing, the teaching data section, G code, and M code section are grouped, and the attributes described below are attached to the groups to distinguish them. Switching becomes possible.

Furthermore, when generating these separately, it is sufficient to fix one of the modes using parameters or the like.

Next, the operation will be explained.

As in the past, the operator inputs the shapes necessary for machining the workpiece using the mouse (6) and keyboard (5).
While checking the contents displayed on RT (4), you can interactively check the data required for machining, such as the shape of the machining, the position of the hole in the Pia Ceing required at the start of machining, and the uncut dimensions at the end of machining. Enter the data necessary to generate the program. When the data necessary for this processing is input using the mouse (6) and keyboard (5), the input data is analyzed, converted into display data, and displayed on the CRT [4]. The signals to be displayed on this CRT (4), such as drawing a line or drawing a circle, are stored in the hard disk (7), and some or all of them are read out to the memory [2] and the contents are sequentially analyzed. It is done by doing. The desired shape to be machined is created by using the drawing means (71) to create a shape to be processed, and then by the route determining means (72).
), a rational machining path is generated by processing the machining order, machining start, machining end, etc.

The graphic data (line type, line length, starting point, ending point, radius, etc.) obtained by the drawing means (71) is arranged in the order of processing. Processing conditions such as laser output and processing speed are added to this data by a processing condition setting means (73). The subsequent operation will be explained with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

When the conditions for machining are set by the machining condition setting means (73), the data generation mode setting means (80) determines whether to generate NC data or teaching data based on the set conditions. Or
Or, the NC data generation means (74) described later determines whether the data is a mixture of NC data and teaching data.
, sets a data generation mode, that is, a signal (attribute) that can be identified by the teaching data generation means (82) (5
100).

To explain this signal (attribute) in detail, for a certain workpiece, there are cases in which the processing unit (group of figures) can remain as NC data, and teaching data in which the posture must be changed three-dimensionally. It is necessary to add a "signal (attribute)" to distinguish between the two. For example, when machining the workpiece shown in Fig. 3, when machining the flat parts H1 and H2, the machining is performed using NC data, and when machining the curved parts H3 and H4, the machining is performed using teaching data.

Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish between the old H2 processing and the H3 old processing by some method. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 4, for example, in the attribute column given to each shape group, if the shape memory format contains a signal, it is distinguished as NC data, and if there is no signal, it is distinguished as teaching data. It is an attribute attached to And the shape group old and H2 shown in Figure 4 contain signals, so NC
Since the data and shape groups H3 and H4 do not contain any signals, they are distinguished from teaching data.

Next, one element of graphic data is read by the data generation mode switching means (81) [5IO1]. This element refers to a process such as moving the laser processing machine from one point to another or processing, and data 1 and 2 in Figure 5.
,,,,,,nothing.

Next, reading of one element ends at (Sl(11)) (S10
2) and the data generation mode switching means (81),
The attribute added to the graphic data is judged to determine whether to generate NC data, teaching data, or data in which NC data and teaching data are mixed (S103).

This mixed data means that when machining one workpiece, as shown in Figure 6, some parts of the entire program are NC data and some parts are teaching data. It's a mixture of things.

Next, when it is determined in (S103) that NC data is to be generated, N
The G data generation function (74) reads out the graphic data with machining conditions set one by one in the order in which they are stored, and generates the G code corresponding to the movement interpolation mode (linear, interpolation, circular interpolation, etc.). , a dimension word is set based on the starting point, end point, radius, etc., and - NC data of the element bones are read out one by one to create NC data. (S104
1. The storage of the graphic data in which the machining conditions are set may be in any form and is set in the graphic data as part of the attributes of the graphic data.

The graphic data is stored in the order in which the workpieces are processed. For example, if the workpiece shown in FIG. 7(a) is to be machined in the order Ll-H2-H3-H4...H6, the processing program for the graphic data will have the shape Ll-L2- as shown in FIG. 7(b). L3・
... are read out in order.

Next, the NC data created in the above step (S1041) is written into the graphic data processing program with an EOB attached to a designated memory area [5105]. This memory area stores various types of data as shown in Figure 8. NC data is stored from a certain address to a certain address, shape data is stored from a certain address to a certain address, and so on. Content data is stored.

Next, call up the next graphic data and read one element of the graphic data (SIOI). Then, the same operation is repeated until the graphic data is finished. When the graphic data is finished, a program end code (M2O or M2O) is added and the program ends, and the data output means is operated until the next data output means is activated. /W Waits for execution of (program).

Next, the teaching data generation means will be explained.

When the data generation mode switching means (81) determines that teaching data is to be generated (S103), the figure data with machining conditions set is read out and moved by the teaching data generation means (82), as in the case of NC data generation. It is determined whether the mode is a straight line or an arc (S106).

Next, when it is determined that it is a straight line in the above (sto6), the teaching data generation means (82) reads the graphic data in which the machining conditions are set, and generates teaching data for - elements (S107).

, Next, when teaching data for - elements is generated in the above (S107), L (straight line) and the dimension word of the starting point are set corresponding to the movement mode (straight line, etc.), and -
Write the teaching data for the points (31081° For example, in the case of Fig. 5, L Xo Yo Zo
: Then, L means straight line in interpolation mode, and
.

YoZo is a coordinate axis movement command and means the coordinate axis direction defined in JIS B6310.

On the other hand, if it is determined to be a circular arc in the above step [5106], the teaching data generation means (82) reads out the figure data in which machining conditions are set, and selects C (arc) and the starting point in accordance with the movement mode (arc, etc.). Set the dimension word for. In the case of this circular arc, in order to determine the circular arc, at least three points are required: the beginning (A), the middle point (passing point) (B), and the ending point (C) shown in FIG. 2(b). For this purpose, a midpoint (passing point) is generated from the start point, end point, radius, arc, etc. indicated by the graphic data (5109), and is written in the memory area as teaching data (5110).

Next, end point data for the first arc is generated (Sill
). Then, this end point data is written to the memory area as teaching data (S1121゜Such operation is repeated until the graphic data is finished. When the graphic data is finished, an end code is added and the process ends, and the next data output means is activated. Wait until.

By repeating this process until the graphic data is completed, data in which NC data and teaching data are mixed is generated.

To generate this mixed data, for each shape group (=1), decide whether the attribute is NC data or teaching data in the given attribute field, as shown in Figure 9 (al). Data generation mode switching means (8
1) is read, and if it is the month, the data is passed to the NC data generation means (74), and if it is rQJ, the data is passed to the teaching data generation means (82). By repeating such operations, a program containing mixed graphic data can be created as shown in FIG. 9(b).

Then, the generated NC data and teaching data are outputted to external equipment by the data output means (75). NC data and teaching data are generated as described above, and FIG. 5 shows an example of output of the data.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a method of creating data using CAD as a drawing function has been described, but the NC data and teaching data can also be created using a similar method even if graphical elements are defined using language.

Further, although the above embodiments have been described using laser processing as an example, any processing that involves three-dimensional processing other than laser processing can produce the same effects as the above embodiments.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, there is a step of generating a machining program for machining a workpiece as an NC program, a step of generating a machining program by teaching, and a step of generating a machining program by the above-mentioned two steps. The process consists of a step of assigning attributes to distinguish the machining programs generated, and a switching step in which the machining programs generated in both of the above steps can be mutually switched. It is possible to create both programs efficiently, and there is no need to convert NC data into teaching data to create a program as in the past.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 9 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a diagram showing the functional configuration of the programming device, Figure 2 being a flowchart for explaining the operation, and Figure 3 being for explaining the machining shape. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the shape memory format.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which figure data is converted into NO data and teaching data, Fig. 6 is a diagram explaining mixed data, and Fig. 7 is a diagram explaining the order in which machining programs are stored. , FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the memory area, FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the generation state of mixed data, and FIG. 1O is the configuration of the programming device and control device used in the present invention and the conventional device. 11 are diagrams showing the functional configuration of a conventional programming device. In the figure, (1) is the CPU, [4] is the CRT, (
7) is a hard disk, (13) is a programming device, (67) is a control device, (71) is a drawing means, (72)
(73) is a processing condition setting means, (74) is a route determining means, (73) is a processing condition setting means,
) is the NC data generation means, (75) is the data output means,
(80) is data generation mode setting means, (81) is data generation mode switching means, and (82) is teaching data generation means. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts.゛

Claims (1)

[Claims] A step of generating a machining program for machining a workpiece as a numerical control program, a step of generating a machining program for machining a workpiece as a teaching data machining program, and a machining program generated by both of the above steps. A program generation method comprising: a step of assigning attributes for distinguishing between the two; and a switching step capable of mutually switching the machining programs generated by the two steps.