JPH0417637A - Aluminum alloy high damping material and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a material light in weight, excellent in cold workability and furthermore excellent in vibration damping capacity by forming this material of Al incorporated with a specified amt. of Zr. CONSTITUTION:This high damping material contains, by weight, 0.5 to 20% Zr and the balance Al with inevitable impurities. At the time of adding Zr to Al, Al-Zr intermetallic compounds are uniformly distributed into a mother phase. When vibration is applied to the material of this sort, dislocations introduced by plastic working repeat temporarily anchoring to the Al-Zr series intermetallic compounds and separating therefrom to absorb vibrational energy. By this effect, the applied vibration is extremely swiftly damped. For giving this effect, the addition of Zr only is sufficient, but, when Si, Fe, Mn or the like are furthermore added, its vibration damping capacity can moreover be improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is an aluminum alloy vibration damping material that has excellent vibration damping properties and is used as a structural member that dislikes vibrations in audio equipment, precision equipment, automobiles, etc. The present invention relates to a manufacturing method thereof.

[Prior Art] Generally, when an object is vibrated, the amplitude increases at a certain frequency (fr) (Fig. 1). This frequency is called the resonant frequency. If the maximum amplitude at the resonance frequency is Ao, this energy is 172 because the amplitude is A. Zr2
(-3 dB in dB representation). If this frequency width (half value width, 3 dB value width) is Δr, the loss coefficient η is expressed by the following equation.

η=Δf/f r A material with a large value of this loss coefficient η has excellent vibration damping properties, and vibrations are rapidly damped when external force is removed. The loss coefficient η of ordinary metal materials is 0.001 or less.

Conventionally, Fe-
Alloys such as Cr-based, Mn-Cu-based, Zn-A1-based, and Ni-Ti-based are known.

Furthermore, Mg and Mg-Zr based cast materials are also known as vibration damping materials.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] Fe-Cr system, Mn-Cu system, Zn-Aj2 system, Ni-
Although alloys such as Ti-based alloys have high vibration damping properties, they have a common drawback of high specific gravity, making them unsuitable when attempting to reduce the weight of equipment. On the other hand, Mg and Mg-Zr based cast materials also have the advantage of exhibiting high vibration damping properties and low specific gravity, but have the disadvantage that they cannot be cold worked at all.

[Means to solve the problem]

In view of this, as a result of various studies, the present invention has developed an aluminum alloy vibration damping material that has a low specific gravity (and can be easily cold-worked), and a method for manufacturing the same.

That is, the invention of claim 1 is an aluminum alloy vibration damping material characterized by containing 0.5 to 20-1% of Zr, and the balance consisting of Af and unavoidable impurities, and the invention of claim 2 is: Contains Zr0.5-20wt%, and further contains Si, F
An aluminum alloy vibration damping material containing a total of 0.1 to 15 wt% of one or more of eNMn, Ni, and rare earth elements, with the balance consisting of Al and unavoidable impurities; The invention described in item 3 is based on Zr0.5
~20wt%, and further contains Ge, Cd, In, Sn,
A total of 0.1 of one or more of Sb and Bi
An aluminum alloy vibration damping material characterized by containing ~15 wt% and the remainder consisting of Al and unavoidable impurities,
The invention according to claim 4 contains Zr0.5 to 20-1%, and further contains one or more selected from the element group of Si, FeNMn, Ni, and rare earth elements, and Ge, Cd, and In.
, Sn, Sb, Bi or one selected from the group of elements
Contains 0.1 to 25111 t% of seeds or more in total, and the balance is A.
This is an aluminum alloy vibration damping material characterized by consisting of l and inevitable impurities.

In addition, the invention as claimed in claim 5 is such that an aluminum alloy ingot containing 0.5 to 20 wt% of Zr and the remainder Af and unavoidable impurities is subjected to plastic working with an area reduction rate of 30% or more to reduce the loss coefficient η to 0. 006 or more, and the invention according to claim 6 is a method for producing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, characterized in that the vibration damping material contains Zr0.5 to 20 wt% and further contains Si.
, FeNMn, Ni, and rare earth elements in a total amount of 0.1 to 15 wt%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities. After processing, the loss coefficient η0.00
6 or more, the invention according to claim 7 provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, characterized in that Zr0.
Contains 5-2Qw t%, and further contains C, e, Cd, In,
Total of 1 or 2 or more of Sn, Sb, and Bi
．． An aluminum alloy ingot containing 1 to 15 wt% and the remainder consisting of AI2 and unavoidable impurities is subjected to plastic working with an area reduction rate of 30% or more, so that the loss coefficient η is 0.006 or more. A method for producing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, and the invention according to claim 8 provides a method for producing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material.
0 wt%, and one or more selected from the element group of Si, FeSMn, Ni, and rare earth elements;
The aluminum alloy ingot is reduced to an aluminum alloy ingot containing a total of 0.1 to 25 wt% of one or more selected from the element group of e, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi, with the remainder being A1 and unavoidable impurities. This is a method for producing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, characterized in that the aluminum alloy damping material is subjected to plastic working with a surface area of 30% or more and a loss coefficient η of 0.006 or more.

Here, the area reduction rate is a value expressed by the following equation from the cross-sectional area (So) of the material and the cross-sectional area (S) of the product in plastic working such as rolling and extrusion.

[Effect]

Damping materials are classified into dislocation type, composite type, ferromagnetic type, and twin type depending on their vibration damping mechanism.

When Zr is added to aluminum, Af-Zr intermetallic compounds are uniformly distributed in the matrix. When vibration is applied to such a material, the dislocations introduced by plastic working become An-Z
It repeats temporary adhesion/detachment to r-based intermetallic compounds and absorbs vibrational energy (effect as a dislocation type).

This effect allows vibrations applied to the material to be damped extremely quickly. Addition of Zr alone is sufficient to exhibit this effect, but in addition 5tS
FeNMn, Ni, rare earth elements, Ge, Cd, In, S
Addition of n, Sb, Bi, etc. further improves the vibration damping ability. Si, FeNMn, Ni, rare earth element is Zr
Similarly, intermetallic compounds are formed and temporary fixation of dislocations/
Absorbs vibrational energy through M removal. On the other hand, Ge, C
Metal particles/compounds of d, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi exist, and vibration energy is absorbed by viscous flow at the interface between each particle and the matrix. These effects can further improve the vibration damping ability.

As mentioned above, Zr is an extremely effective Af for improving vibration damping properties.
- It is added to form a Zr-based compound, and the content is limited to 0.5 to 20 wt%.
Ajl below wt%! -The amount of Zr-based intermetallic compounds formed is small and the vibration damping effect is insufficient, and the amount of 20wt%
If it exceeds 100%, the effect will be saturated and processability will become a problem. In addition, the reason why one or more of Si, FeNMn, Ni, and rare earth elements is limited to 0.1 to 1511 t% in total is because if it is less than 0.1 wt%, the amount of compounds distributed in the matrix is small. Vibration damping effect is insufficient, 15wt
%, the effect is saturated, the distribution of the compound becomes non-uniform, and furthermore, cold working becomes difficult. The type of rare earth element is not particularly limited, but specifically, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, etc. can be used. Also, Ge, Cd, In, Sn, Sb
, one or more of Bi in total from 0.1 to 15
The reason why we limited it to wt% is that Q: If it is less than 1wt%, the distribution of low melting point metal particles and compounds in the matrix is small and the vibration damping effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 15wt%, the effect is saturated and the vibration damping effect is low. The distribution of the melting point metal particles/compounds becomes uneven, causing variations in vibration damping ability, and the formation of coarse, low melting point metal particles/compounds, which may lead to deterioration of plastic workability, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, etc.

In addition, the impurities contained in normal AE metals such as Cu are 0.5
If the amount is less than wt%, the effects of the present invention will not be particularly impaired.On the other hand, since the addition of Mg reduces the vibration damping properties of the material, it is desirable to make it less than 0.5iit%.

AJ2 alloy with the above composition can be melted and
Although it can be cast, a rapid solidification powder metallurgy method or a mechanical alloying method can also be used in order to refine the intermetallic compound and improve vibration damping properties. moreover,
These aluminum alloy ingots are subjected to homogenization treatment as necessary. This homogenization treatment is performed to make the distribution of added elements more uniform, but it only needs to be heated at a temperature of 150 to 600°C for several hours. In this state, the aluminum alloy ingot has excellent vibration damping properties. However, by adding plastic working to this with an area reduction rate of 30% or more, the vibration damping property is greatly improved. In other words, by adding plastic working, the dislocation density increases, and as mentioned above, the vibration energy absorption effect is exerted due to repeated temporary attachment/detachment of dislocations to the compound, and in addition, the dislocations are coarse in the ingot state. The low melting point metal particles/compounds are fragmented and refined through plastic working, and due to viscous flow with the matrix, the vibration energy absorption effect is more efficiently exerted, improving vibration damping properties. The plastic working may be hot working or cold working, or cold working after hot working, and may be performed by any means such as rolling, extrusion, drawing, or forging, but the area reduction is 30% or more. and the loss coefficient η is set to be 0.006 or more. The loss coefficient improves as the amount of plastic working increases, and a higher loss coefficient can be obtained with cold working than with hot working, but the area reduction from the ingot to the final workpiece is 30%.
% or more, a loss coefficient η of 0.006 or more can be obtained regardless of hot working or cold working, and sufficient vibration damping properties can be obtained.

In addition, annealing is commonly performed to adjust strength and elongation.
Even if it is applied after hot working or during cold working, the effects of the present invention will not be impaired. Similarly, temper annealing is performed on the final processed product to adjust strength and elongation.
Since the dislocations introduced by plastic working are reduced, there is a tendency for the vibration damping properties to be deteriorated, but there is no particular problem as long as it is maintained at a temperature of 400° C. or less for about 24 hours or less.

〔Example〕

Example 1 A2 alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted and cast to a thickness of 60 mm.
The ingot was 300 mm wide and 400 mm long.

After face cutting, this was made to a thickness of 50 mm, subjected to homogenization treatment at 350°C for 4 hours, and then hot and cold rolled at the area reduction ratio shown in Table 1 to obtain a plate material.

A test piece with a thickness of 2 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a length of 250 strokes was cut out from this, and the vibration damping property (loss coefficient η
) was evaluated. That is, one end of the test piece was chucked to forcibly vibrate it with an oscillator, and the loss coefficient η at the resonant frequency fr was determined by equation (1). The results are also listed in Table 1.

η=Δf/f r...]) However, Δf has a value range of 3 dB.As is clear from Table 1, the Aj2 alloy vibration damping materials (Koji 1 to 5) according to the present invention all have a loss of 0.006 or more. It shows a coefficient η, indicating that it has excellent vibration damping properties.

On the other hand, samples 6 to 7 shown as comparative examples have a low value of loss coefficient η.

Example 2 An alloy having the composition shown in Table 2 was melted and cast, rapidly solidified powder metallurgy, and mechanical alloying to obtain a diameter of 220 mm.
An aluminum alloy ingot of - was produced and extruded under the conditions shown in Table 2 to produce a round bar.

From this, as in Example 1, the thickness is 21 cm, the width is 10 cm, and the length is 2 cm.
A test piece of 50 wm was cut out, and the loss coefficient η at the resonance frequency fr was determined. The results are also listed in Table 2.

As is clear from Table 2, all of the /1 alloy vibration damping materials according to the present invention (inhibitors 8 to 12) are compared to the comparative A/1 alloys, which are outside the present invention.
! Higher loss coefficient η than alloy damping material (Nα13-14)
It can be seen that it has excellent vibration damping properties.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, since it is based on aluminum, it is possible to obtain an aluminum alloy vibration damping material that is lightweight, has excellent cold workability, and has excellent vibration damping properties. , which has a remarkable industrial effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a resonance curve diagram of vibration.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) An aluminum alloy vibration damping material containing 0.5 to 20 wt% of Zr, with the balance consisting of Al and unavoidable impurities. (2) Contains 0.5 to 20 wt% of Zr, and further contains Si, F
1. An aluminum alloy vibration damping material comprising a total of 0.1 to 15 wt% of one or more of e, Mn, Ni, and rare earth elements, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. (3) Contains Zr0.5-20wt%, and further contains Ge and C
1. An aluminum alloy vibration damping material comprising a total of 0.1 to 15 wt% of one or more of D, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities. (4) Contains 0.5 to 20 wt% of Zr, and further contains Si, F
e, Mn, Ni, one or more selected from the rare earth element group, and Ge, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, B
A total of 0 of one or more selected from the element group of i
．． An aluminum alloy vibration damping material containing 1 to 25 wt%, with the remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities. (5) An aluminum alloy ingot containing 0.5 to 20 wt% of Zr and the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities has an area reduction rate of 3
Apply plastic working of 0% or more to reduce the loss coefficient η to 0.006
A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, characterized by the above. (6) Contains Zr0.5-20wt%, and further contains Si, F
An aluminum alloy ingot containing one or more of eNMn, Ni, and rare earth elements in a total amount of 0.1 to 15 wt%, with the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities, with an area reduction ratio of 3
A method for producing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, characterized in that the material is subjected to plastic working of 0% or more to have a loss coefficient η of 0.006 or more. (7) Contains 0.5 to 20 wt% of Zr, and further contains Ge and C
An aluminum alloy ingot containing one or more of d, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi in a total amount of 0.1 to 15 wt%, with the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities, with an area reduction ratio of 3
Apply plastic working of 0% or more to reduce the loss coefficient η to 0.006
A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy vibration damping material, characterized by the above. (8) Contains Zr0.5~20%, and further contains Si, F
e, Mn, Ni, one or more selected from the rare earth element group, and Ge, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, B
A total of 0 of one or more selected from the element group of i
．． An aluminum alloy ingot containing 1 to 25 wt% with the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities is subjected to plastic working with an area reduction rate of 30% or more, so that the loss coefficient η is 0.006 or more. Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy vibration damping material.