JPH04175473A - Hydraulic rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the reliability of operation by providing a subplate between a valve plate and a cylinder block, forming a clearance between the subplate and the cylinder block, and energizing the subplate by an energizing member to squeeze the subplate to the valve plate. CONSTITUTION:In a hydraulic pump motor, a cylinder block 3 is housed concentrically in an almost cylindrical casing 1, and connected to a rotary shaft 2 integrally. In the cylinder block 3, plural cylinder chambers 5 are provided in the peripheral direction at equal intervals, and pistons 7 are installed respectively. At the upper side of the diagonal plate 8 of the casing 1, an end plate 12 is provided to close the opening of the end face, and a valve plate 15 is provided to the inner end face of the end plate 12. A subplate 24 is provided between the valve plate 15 and the cylinder block 3, and the subplate 24 is squeezed to the valve plate 15 by the accumulated force of a compression spring 30.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to hydraulic rotating machines, and particularly to axial plunger type hydraulic pumps and motors, and is particularly applicable to working machines such as civil engineering and construction machines. The present invention relates to something that can be effectively used as a drive source for mounted hydraulic equipment.

[Conventional technology]

A typical axial plunger type hydraulic pump/motor consists of a rotating cylinder block and multiple cylinder chambers each formed in the cylinder block in a direction parallel to the axis and each having a communication hole on each end face. , a piston fitted into each cylinder chamber so as to reciprocate, a valve plate having a pair of intake and exhaust ports, and a valve that rotates integrally with the cylinder block between the cylinder block and the valve plate. The cylinder block is provided with a sub-plate disposed so as to be in sliding contact with the end surface of the plate, and a plurality of communication passages opened in the sub-plate so as to communicate the suction/exhaust port with the communication hole. By rotating the sub-plate while slidingly contacting the valve plate, each cylinder is intermittently communicated with the suction/exhaust port, and the pump/motor action is performed by the reciprocating movement of the piston. (For example, Utility Model Act 55-562
(See Publication No. 12).

However, in such axial plunge medium-sized hydraulic pumps and motors, due to problems with machining accuracy, a gap occurs between the sub-plate and cylinder block end face from startup to extremely low speed rotation, so pressure oil leakage occurs, which tends to reduce the starting ability and rotational smoothness of crane winches, etc.

In order to solve this problem, the present applicant previously proposed a hydraulic rotary machine that can prevent leakage of pressure oil (see Utility Model Application Publication No. 182281/1981).

In other words, in this hydraulic rotating machine, a movable member is fitted into each cylinder chamber in a manner that allows for slight movement while maintaining a sealed state, and the cylinder chamber and sub-plate are fitted into each movable member. It is characterized by having a communication hole that communicates with each communication path.

According to the above-described means, even if a gap occurs between the mating surfaces of the sub-plate and the cylinder block, the movable member moves slightly due to the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic rotating machine and presses against the sub-plate, thereby sealing the cylinder chamber. To ensure a sealing condition between the mating surfaces of the cylinder block and sub-plate while maintaining the condition. This prevents pressure oil from leaking between the cylinder chamber and the suction/exhaust port.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the hydraulic rotary machine, the cylinder block is biased toward the valve plate by a compression spring provided between the cylinder block and the rotating shaft, so that the sub-plate that rotates integrally with the cylinder block is activated to open the valve. It is pressed against the plate.

Therefore, under no-load conditions, the cylinder block pushes the entire surface of the valve plate evenly, but when hydraulic pressure is applied and torque is generated, the piston's prying force, spline engagement force, hydraulic pressing force, etc. As a result of pressing the sub-plate in an inclined state with respect to the center, the sub-plate hits the valve plate unevenly,
May cause mechanical loss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic rotating machine that can prevent a sub-plate from hitting a valve plate unevenly even if the cylinder block is tilted with respect to the axis.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A hydraulic rotating machine according to the present invention has a cylinder block configured to be freely floating in the axial direction, and a gap is provided between the sub-plate and the cylinder block. and the sub-plate is directly biased by the biasing member,
It is characterized by being pressed against the valve plate.

[Effect]

According to the above-mentioned means, since the sub-plate is directly urged by the urging member and pressed against the valve plate without going through the cylinder block, even if the cylinder block is tilted with respect to the axis, , the sub-plate is not inclined against the valve plate and does not come into uneven contact, and the seal between the sub-plate and the cylinder block is ensured by the movable member.

[Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a hydraulic rotary machine which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially omitted end view of the cylinder block taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. Figure 3 is a partially omitted end view of the sub-plate along the line ■-m in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is the T in Figure 1.
A partially omitted end view of the valve plate along the V-TV line, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are enlarged partial sectional views for explaining the operation.

In this embodiment, this hydraulic rotary machine is configured as a hydraulic pump/motor and includes a casing 1 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. A rotary shaft 2 is rotatably supported and installed on the axis of the casing 1 via a bearing. A cylinder block 3 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape is concentrically arranged and accommodated in the casing 1, and the cylinder block 3 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 via a spline 4 so as to rotate integrally therewith. .

A plurality of cylinder chambers 5 are arranged around the rotation axis of the cylinder block 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the same radius, and are bored in a direction parallel to the axis, and both end surfaces of each cylinder chamber 5 are open. Each is formed into a cylindrical hollow shape.

A piston 7 is fitted into each cylinder chamber 5 from one open end so as to be able to reciprocate and slide freely.

A swash plate 8 is arranged and fixed at a rear position of the piston-fitting front end of the cylinder chamber 5 in the casing 1 so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotating shaft 2 . On the other hand, a spherical ring 17 is fitted into the protruding shaft portion at one end of the cylinder block 3, and the holding member 10 is supported by this ring 17. The holding member 10 holds a plurality of shoes 9, respectively, and is slidably abutted on the slope of the swash plate 8. A piston 7 is connected to each shoe 9 via a spherical joint 11, so that when the cylinder block 3 rotates, each piston 7
They are reciprocated in the cylinder chamber 5, respectively.

An end plate 12 is located on the opposite side of the casing l from the swash plate 8.
are brought into contact with each other so as to close the end opening, and the end plate 12 is provided with a first suction/discharge passage 13 and a second suction/discharge passage 14, respectively.

On the inner end surface of the end plate 12, a valve plate 15 formed in a substantially disk shape is disposed with one end surface tightly attached and positioned by a pin 16, and the valve plate! 5 has the first suction/exhaust port 1
8 and a second suction/exhaust port 19 are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other on the same radius facing a group of communication passages opened in a sub-plate to be described later, and are each opened in a substantially semicircular arc shape. A first suction/discharge path 13 is connected to the port 18 , and a second suction/discharge path 14 is connected to the second suction/discharge port 19 .

In each of the cylinder chambers 5, a movable member 20 formed in a substantially disc shape slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder chamber is fitted into an opening of the pulp plate 15, and the movable member 2o is inserted into the cylinder chamber 5. The position is regulated by a stopper ring 22 that is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder chamber 5 so that a slight movement is allowed relative to the cylinder chamber 5. The end surface of the movable member 20 protrudes beyond the end surface of the cylinder block 3, so that a gap is formed between the sub-plate 24, which will be described later, and the cylinder block 3.

In addition, the movable member 2o has a communication hole 2 as a part of the communication path.
1 is arranged on the axis and is opened to communicate between the inside and outside of the cylinder chamber 5, and between the outer periphery of the movable member 20 and the inner periphery of the cylinder chamber 5 is formed using an elastic material. A seal ring 23 is interposed to seal communication between the inside and outside of the cylinder chamber 5. A sub-plate 24 is interposed between the valve plate 15 and the cylinder block 3, and the sub-plate 24 is connected to the cylinder block 3 by a pin 26 so as to rotate integrally with the cylinder block 3, so that the sub-plate 24 slides with respect to the valve plate 15. It is supposed to be done. In the sub-plate 24, the same number of communication passages 25 as the cylinder chambers 5 are arranged on the axial extension line of the cylinder chamber 5, and are formed in arc-shaped elongated holes concentric with the cylinder block 3. The communication path 25 connects the communication hole 21 of each movable member 20 and both intake and discharge ports 1 of the valve plate 15.
8.19.

Each movable member 20 is provided with a storage recess 27 around the communication hole 21 that opens at the end face of the sub-plate 24, and a seal member 28 is stored in the storage recess 27. This sealing member 28 is formed in a cylindrical shape with an outer circumferential surface that is slidable on the inner circumferential surface of the storage recess 27, and has an end portion on the sub-plate 24 side that projects radially inward. A compression spring 30 is interposed between the flange 29 of the seal member 28 and the bottom surface of the storage recess 27 of the movable member 20 in a stored state for urging the end surface of the seal member 28 against the surface of the sub-plate 24. It is set up.

A housing portion 31 is provided around the rotating shaft 2 of the cylinder block 3 and opens at the end face of the sub-plate 24, and a guide ring 32 is fitted into the open end of the housing portion 31. The guide ring 32 includes a cylindrical portion fitted onto the rotating shaft 2 and a ring-shaped guide portion protruding from the outer periphery of the end of the cylindrical portion. The outer diameter of the guide portion of the guide ring 32 is set to be approximately equal to the inner diameter of the storage portion 31, and the cylinder block 3 is set at a distance of 1 with respect to the axis.
It is designed to prevent rolling. A plurality of pin holes 33 are formed in the cylinder block 3 so as to penetrate from a plurality of places on the bottom surface of the storage portion 31 to the spherical ring 17 side. A pin 34 having a longer length than 33 is inserted respectively. A spring seat ring 35 is fitted to the bottom of the storage section 31, and a compression spring 36 is interposed between the spring seat ring 35 and the guide ring 32 in a stored state. The end face of the guide ring 32 presses and urges the sub-plate 24 to press the sub-plate 24 against the valve plate 15. On the other hand, due to the compression spring 36,
The spherical ring 17 is urged toward the swash plate 8 via the spring seat ring 35 and the pin 34, and the shoe 9 is pressed against the swash plate 8 via the holding member 10.

A stopper step 37 is provided on the compression spring 36 side of the guide ring 32 , and the end surface of the guide ring 32 comes into contact with the inner periphery of the storage portion 31 .
A stopper ring that is fitted into a ring groove provided on the inner periphery of the storage portion 31 is provided on the sub-plate 24 side. Therefore, a gap is provided between the sub-plate 24 and the cylinder block 3 by the guide ring 32.

Next, the operation of the hydraulic pump/motor according to the above configuration as a hydraulic motor will be explained.

When attempting to rotate the rotating shaft 2 in a desired direction, while the piston 7 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center,
The relationship among the swash plate 8, cylinder block 3, pulp plate 15, etc. is set so that the cylinder chamber 5 communicates with the first suction/exhaust port 18 via the communication hole 21 of the movable member 20 and the communication path 25 of the sub-plate 24. , the high pressure oil flows into the cylinder chamber 5 through the first suction and discharge passage 13 and the first suction and discharge port 18.
, through the communication path 25 and the communication hole 21.

Due to this high pressure oil flowing into the cylinder chamber 5, the piston 7
is pressed, so the spherical joint portion 11 of the piston 7 is pressed against the swash plate 8 via the shoe 9. A component of this pressing force in the circumferential direction generates a torque that rotates the piston 7, that is, the cylinder block 3 supporting the piston 7. Since the torque for rotating the cylinder block 3 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 2 via the spline 4, the rotating shaft 2 is rotationally driven in a desired direction.

Then, as the cylinder block 3 rotates, the cylinder chamber 5 communicates with the second suction/exhaust port 19 while the piston 7 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. At this time,
Since the piston 7 is pushed back by the swash plate 8, the oil in the cylinder chamber 5 is discharged from the cylinder chamber 5 to the second discharge passage 14 through the communication hole 21, the communication passage 25, and the second discharge port 19. .

In this way, by repeating the flow of high-pressure oil into the cylinder chamber 5 and the discharge from the cylinder chamber 5,
Motor action takes place.

During the above operation, sealing of the gap between the mating surfaces of the sub-plate 24 and the cylinder block 3 is ensured as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the seal member 28 is pressed against the surface of the sub-plate 24 by the compression spring 30.

Therefore, by receiving the compressed oil from each cylinder chamber 5, the seal member 28 maintains a close contact with the surface of the sub-plate 24, and absorbs the gap between the cylinder block 3 and the sub-plate 24. A sealing condition is ensured for the mating surface with the sub-plate 24 in each cylinder chamber 5.

The movable member 20 housing the seal member 28 is regulated in position by a stopper ring 22 so as to be able to move slightly in the front-rear direction in the cylinder chamber 5, and is held in the radial direction under the elasticity of the seal ring 23. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, by receiving the pressure oil from each cylinder chamber 5, the movable member 20 moves slightly so as to come into close contact with the surface of the sub-plate 24.

Even if the movable member 20 moves slightly in this way, the seal ring 23
maintains the seal through its elastic force.

In other words, the movable member 20 absorbs the gap between the cylinder block 3 and the sub-plate 24 to ensure a close contact between the mating surfaces of each cylinder chamber 5 and the sub-plate 24, and also to This will ensure a seal against the surface.

As a result of the above, leakage of pressure oil in each cylinder chamber 5 between the cylinder block 3 and the sub-plate 24 is reliably prevented. Since leakage of pressure oil in each cylinder chamber 5 is prevented, the motor operation is performed with extremely high efficiency.

In addition, since the pregnant valve plate 24 is urged in the direction of the valve plate 15 by each movable member 20 receiving the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 5 and each seal member 28, it is closely attached to the pulp plate 15, and the generation of a gap therebetween is prevented. will be done.

On the other hand, since the movable member absorbs errors in machining accuracy by its slight movements, the machining accuracy of each component can be relaxed, and as a result, productivity can be increased.

Incidentally, the cylinder block 3 may be inclined with respect to the axis due to the prying force of the piston 7, the meshing force of the spline 4, the hydraulic pressing force, etc. However, in this embodiment, the guide ring 32 can prevent the cylinder block 3 from tilting. Furthermore, even if the cylinder block 3 were to tilt, in this embodiment, a gap is provided between the sub-plate 24 and the cylinder block 3, and the sub-plate 24 is supported by the compression spring 36. , the sub-plate 24 is not tilted due to the inclination of the cylinder block 3, and the sub-plate 24 is directly biased against the valve plate 15 without going through the cylinder block 3. 15 is prevented from hitting one side.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments,
Species, without departing from its gist.

Needless to say, it can be changed.

For example, a structure that holds a movable member so that it can move slightly,
In addition to using a structure using a stopper ring and a seal ring, it is also possible to use a structure in which a movable member is held by baking an elastic material into the opening of the cylinder chamber. good.

Although the motor action has been described in the embodiment, the hydraulic rotary machine according to the embodiment can perform a pump action not only with a swash plate type axial plunge medium-sized motor. It can also be applied to an oblique axis type.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, even if the cylinder block is tilted with respect to the axis due to the prying force of the piston, the meshing force of the splines, the hydraulic pressing force, etc., the sub-plate is It is possible to prevent uneven contact with the machine and prevent a decrease in machine efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a hydraulic rotating machine which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially omitted end view of the cylinder block taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. A partially omitted end view of the sub-plate along line ■-■ in Figure 1, Figure 4 is I in Figure 1.
A partially omitted end view of the pulp plate taken along line V-IV, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are enlarged partial sectional views for explaining the operation. l...Casing, 2...Rotating shaft, 3...Cylinder block, 4...Spline, 5...Cylinder chamber, 7...Piston, 8...Swash plate, 9... Shea,
10... Holding member, 11... Spherical joint part, 12...
・End plate, 13...first suction/exhaust passage, 14...
2nd intake/exhaust passage, 15... Valve plate, 16... Bin, 17... Spherical ring, 18... First intake/exhaust port, 19... Second intake/exhaust port, 20... Movable member, 21... Communication hole, 22... Stopper ring, 23... Seal ring, 24... Sub plate,
25... Communication path, 26... Bin, 27... Storage recess, 28... Seal member, 29... Flange, 30
... Compression spring, 31... Storage section, 32...
Guide ring, 33... Bottle hole, 34... Bottle, 3
5... Spring seat ring, 36... Compression spring, 37... Stopper step, 38... Stopper ring. Agent Patent Attorney Tatsuya KajiharaFigure 3
Ah, Figure 4.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotating cylinder block, a plurality of cylinder chambers each formed in the cylinder block in a direction parallel to its axis, and a cylinder block fitted into each cylinder chamber so as to reciprocate. A piston, a valve plate disposed on the end face of the cylinder block, a pair of intake/exhaust ports respectively opened in the valve plate, and interposed between the valve plate and the cylinder block so as to rotate together with the cylinder block. The sub-plate is provided with a sub-plate, and a communication passage is opened in the sub-plate and the cylinder block so that both suction/exhaust ports communicate with each cylinder chamber, and a movable member maintains a sealed state in each cylinder chamber. In a hydraulic rotary machine, the cylinders are fitted in a hydraulic rotating machine whose positions are regulated so as to allow slight movement while maintaining the cylinder, and each movable member has a communication hole that communicates with the communication path. The block is configured to be freely floating in the axial direction, and a gap is provided between the sub-plate and the cylinder block, and the sub-plate is directly biased by a biasing member,
A hydraulic rotary machine, characterized in that it is pressed against the valve plate.