JPH0416286B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a side cutter in which a plurality of cutting edges each having an outer peripheral cutting edge and a side edge are formed in a large number in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the cutter body. be.

[Prior Art] FIGS. 3 and 4 show a conventional side cutter of this type.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, this side cutter has an outer cutting edge 2 extending in the direction of the axis O on the outer periphery of a disc-shaped cutter body 1 made of high-speed steel, and an outer cutting edge 2 extending from both ends of the outer cutting edge 2 to the outer periphery thereof. A plurality of cutting blades 5, each having a side blade 4 extending toward the radial axis O side of the side surface 3 of the cutter body 1, are integrally formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, these cutting edges 4 are formed so that each outer circumferential cutting edge 2 is perpendicular to the side surface 3, that is, parallel to the axis O.

Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows another conventional side cutter, in which the outer cutting edges 7 of the cutting edges 6 are inclined with respect to the axis O due to the implanted blades, and are tilted in the circumferential direction. They are arranged in a staggered pattern. That is, the inclination angles of these outer circumferential cutting edges 7 are set to angles θ ₁ that are alternately opposite to the axis O and have the same magnitude. Furthermore, as an example of combining the examples in FIGS. ₃ and 4 with the example in FIG. There has also been proposed a cutting blade in which cutting edges having an outer peripheral cutting edge set at θ ₁ in the direction are sequentially and repeatedly provided in the circumferential direction of the cutter body.

These conventional side cutters have an axis O
By being rotated and sent in a direction perpendicular to the axis O, the cutting blades 5, 6, etc. cut grooves and the like in the workpiece.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in these conventional side cutters, the inclination angles of the peripheral cutting edges 2, 7, and the like with respect to the axis O are set to be equal to each other. The cutting forces acting on the cutter body 1 by the cutting blades 5, 6, etc. are equal in magnitude. Further, since these cutting blades 5..., 6... are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, cutting force from these cutting blades 5..., 6... acts on the cutter body 1 at a constant cycle. In particular, in the example shown in Fig. 5 and the combination of this example with the examples shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the peripheral cutting edges inclined in the positive and negative directions with respect to the axis O are Since the inclined peripheral cutting edges are set at the same angle of inclination,
In the cutter body 1, vibrations with a constant period are generated in both directions of the axis O direction due to the component force of the cutting force in the axis O direction.

On the other hand, especially for this type of side cutlet,
Cutting edges 5..., 6... formed on the outer periphery of the cutter body 1
Although the number of blades is extremely large, the cutter main body 1 has a large diameter disc shape, so the structure is extremely susceptible to vibration and chatter.

For this reason, with the conventional side cutters mentioned above, depending on specific cutting conditions such as rotation speed,
The cutter body 1 resonates with the constant periodic vibrations caused by the cutting force of the cutting blades 5..., 6... and generates small amplitude vibrations and chatter, resulting in deterioration of the finished surface roughness. I had a problem with putting it away.
In addition, when the outer peripheral cutting edge is formed in a staggered shape, the cutter body 1 resonates even more strongly due to the above-mentioned constant period vibrations that occur in both directions of the axis O of the cutter body 1, and vibration and chatter are particularly noticeable. There was a risk that this would further worsen the finished surface roughness.

[Object of the invention] This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a side cutter that can prevent small vibrations caused by cutting force from occurring in the cutter body.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The side cutter of the present invention has an outer circumferential cutting edge extending in the axial direction of the cutter body on the outer circumferential portion of the cutter body, and a side cutter that extends from both ends of the outer circumferential cutting edge to both sides of the cutter body. In a side cutter in which a plurality of cutting edges are formed in the circumferential direction, each of which is formed of a side edge extending in the radial direction of the cutter body, the outer cutting edge of the cutting edge is inclined in at least one direction with respect to the axis. At the same time, the angle of inclination of the outer peripheral cutting edge of at least one of these cutting edges with respect to the above-mentioned axis is changed to the angle of inclination of the outer peripheral cutting edge of at least one of these cutting edges to the other cutting edge having an outer peripheral cutting edge inclined in the same direction as the outer peripheral cutting edge of this one cutting edge. The angle is set to be different from the inclination angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge.

[Function] In the side cutter of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the magnitude of the cutting force differs between the outer circumferential cutting edges having different inclination angles with respect to the axis. Moreover, the distance between the outer circumferential cutting edge having different inclination angles and the corresponding portion of the outer circumferential cutting edge adjacent to the outer circumferential cutting edge changes. Furthermore, the spacing between the side edges of these cutting edges is also different from each other.

Therefore, the magnitude of the cutting force exerted on the cutter body by these cutting blades and the period of vibration caused by cutting are both irregular, so the cutting force of these cutting blades is applied to the cutter body. Resonance caused by this will not occur.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the side cutter of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, in this side cutter, a plurality of cutting edges 21 to 29 (9 of which are shown in the figure) are formed on the outer periphery of a disc-shaped cutter body 20 made of high-speed steel. . The outer peripheral cutting edges 21a to 29a of these cutting edges 21 to 29 are
Each of them is formed to be inclined with respect to the axis O.

Here, the inclination angles of these outer circumferential cutting edges 21a to 29a with respect to the axis O are sequentially θ ₁ , θ ₂ , and θ ₃ in the circumferential direction. And the inclination angles θ ₁ , θ ₂ , θ ₃ of the outer peripheral cutting edges 21a to 29a
The magnitudes of are set to be θ ₁ <θ ₂ <θ ₃ , respectively.

In the side cutter with the above configuration,
Peripheral cutting edge 21 with different inclination angles θ ₁ , θ ₂ , θ ₃
The magnitude of the cutting force due to a to 29a becomes different from each other. In addition, these outer cutting edges 21a~
The interval in the circumferential direction between 29a changes continuously in the direction of the axis O. Furthermore, the interval L ₁ between the side blades connected to these outer peripheral cutting edges 21a to 29a,
L ₂ and L ₃ also have different dimensions.

Therefore, in the case of this side cutter, these cutting edges 21 to 29 have different inclination angles from outer cutting edges 21a to 29a and outer cutting edges 21a to 2.
The cutter body 2 is cut by the side blades connected to 9a.
The magnitude of the cutting force acting on zero and the intervals of impacts applied during cutting become irregular. This prevents the cutter body 20 from generating regular periodic vibrations that would cause it to resonate, so resonance due to the cutting force of the cutting blades 21 to 29 does not occur, and therefore, no matter the rotational speed. Excellent finished surface roughness can also be obtained.

[Other Embodiments] FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the side cutter of the present invention. In this side cutter, an outer peripheral cutting edge is provided on the outer periphery of the cutter body 30 in one direction with respect to the axis O. Cutting edges 31, 32, 33, which are inclined to
Cutting edges 34, 35 and cutting edges 36, 37, 38, 39 inclined in the opposite direction are formed alternately in the circumferential direction.

The inclination angles of the outer peripheral cutting edges 31a to 35a of the cutting edges 31 to 35 formed in a staggered shape with respect to the axis O are sequentially different angles α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ in the circumferential direction. has been done. On the other hand, the cutting blade 36~
The inclination angles of the outer peripheral cutting edges 36a to 39a of No. 39 are also sequentially different angles β ₁ , β ₂ , β ₃ in the circumferential direction.

Even in the side cutter with the above configuration,
Effects similar to those shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. By the way, in the side cutter in which the outer circumferential cutting edge is formed in a staggered shape, the component force of the cutting force in the direction of the axis O acts alternately in both directions of the axis O of the cutter body 30, as described above. However, in this embodiment, the inclination angles of the outer cutting edges 31a to 35a that are inclined in one direction are sequentially different from α ₁ , α ₂ , and α ₃ , and the inclination angles of the outer cutting edges 36a to 39a that are inclined in the other direction are different from each other. The angles are also β ₁ , β ₂ ,
The angles are sequentially different from β ₃ , and therefore, the component force acting in the direction of the axis O becomes irregular and uneven between the peripheral cutting edges inclined in the respective directions.

Therefore, vibration and chatter of the cutter body 30 in the direction of the axis O due to resonance caused by the cutting force can be effectively suppressed, and the finished surface roughness can be improved.

In the above embodiments, side cutters made of high-speed steel were described, but the invention is not limited to this. Solid types made of cemented carbide or brazed types with cutting tips brazed to the outer periphery of the cutter body are also applicable. It may be.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the side cutter of the present invention has an outer circumferential cutting edge extending in the axial direction of the cutter body on the outer circumferential portion of the cutter body, and a cutting edge extending from both ends of the outer circumferential cutting edge to both sides of the cutter body. and a side blade extending in the radial direction of the cutter body, the side cutter is formed with a plurality of stripes in the circumferential direction, and the outer cutting edge of the cutting blade is directed in at least one direction with respect to the axis. At the same time, the angle of inclination of the outer cutting edge of at least one of these cutting edges with respect to the above-mentioned axis is changed to the angle of inclination of the outer cutting edge of at least one of these cutting edges to the other cutting edge having an outer cutting edge inclined in the same direction as the outer cutting edge of this one cutting edge. Since the angle is set to be different from the inclination angle of the outer cutting edge of the blade, firstly, the magnitude of the cutting force acting on the cutter body from the outer cutting edge and the period of vibration change irregularly, causing the vibrations to interact with each other. cancel each other out.

Furthermore, the spacing between the side blades connected to at least one end of the peripheral cutting blade always changes according to the difference in the inclination angle of the peripheral cutting blade, and the magnitude and vibration frequency of the cutting force acting on the cutter body from these side blades changes. Since the angle changes irregularly, a vibration canceling effect also occurs on the side blade side, and as a result, together with the vibration canceling effect due to the difference in the inclination angle of the outer cutting edge mentioned above, the resonant vibration of the cutter body disappears. , excellent finished surface roughness can be obtained at any rotation speed.

Especially when the outer cutting edge is formed into a staggered shape,
Since the component of the cutting force acting in the axial direction of the cutter body can also be effectively canceled out, it is possible to more effectively suppress vibration and chatter of the cutter body due to the resonance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a developed view of a cutting blade showing one embodiment of a side cutter of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a developed view of a cutting blade showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are a developed view of a conventional side cutter. 3 is a side view of the whole, FIG. 4 is a developed view of the cutting blade, and FIG. 5 is a developed view of the cutting blade showing another conventional side cutter. 20, 30...Katsuta body, 21, 22, 2
3, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 3
1, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 3
8, 39... Cutting blade, 21a, 22a, 23a, 2
4a, 25a, 26a, 27a, 28a, 29
a, 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a, 35a,
36a, 37a, 38a, 39a...outer cutting edge,
θ ₁ , θ ₂ , θ ₃ , α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , β ₁ , β ₂ , β ₃ ...Inclination angle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cutting edge on the outer periphery of the cutter body, consisting of an outer cutting edge extending in the axial direction of the cutter body, and side blades extending from both ends of the outer cutting edge to both sides of the cutter body in the radial direction of the cutter body. However, in a side cutter having a plurality of stripes formed in the circumferential direction, the outer circumferential cutting edge of the cutting edge is inclined in at least one direction with respect to the axis, and at least one of the cutting edges is tilted in at least one direction. The angle of inclination of the outer cutting edge with respect to the axis is set to a different angle from the angle of inclination of the outer cutting edge of another cutting edge that has an outer cutting edge inclined in the same direction as the outer cutting edge of this one cutting edge. Side cutlet featuring.