JPH041587A - Radiation detector and radiation measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To rapidly measure a spatial distribution of radiation by providing a main body part of regular twenty-hedron or sixteen-hedron formed with a radiation shielding material and non-oriented radiation detecting elements arranged at each bottom of pyramidal recessed parts on the main body part. CONSTITUTION:The radiation detector 4 is constituted of the pyramidal recessed parts 6 such as a cone, etc., having a specific solid angle omega and the non-oriented radiation detecting elements 7 arranged in the recessed parts 6. When this radiation detector 4 and an arithmetic part are used, each size of 32 or 21 pieces of radiation vectors with specific direction respectively having different directions are calculated by this arithmetic part, and when the radiation detecting part, 4 pieces of the 1st arithmetic part 27 and 1 piece of 2nd arithmetic part 28 are used, each size of 84 pieces of radiation vectors with 2nd specific direction are calculated. Consequently, the spatial distribution of radiation can be rapidly measured with high direction accuracy.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a radiation vector consisting of the direction and intensity of radiation in which radiation exhibits maximum intensity in a radiation field, and a radiation vector consisting of a plurality of radiation vectors. If it is a composite vector of component radiation vectors, it is the component radiation vector or the distribution of radiation intensity at a given position in the radiation field in the spatial direction! The present invention relates to a radiation detector and a radiation #JllJ determination device that enable measurements such as a-like, and in particular to a detector and device that can quickly perform the above measurements.

[Conventional technology]

A radiation detection element that detects radiation and outputs a signal corresponding to the intensity of this radiation has a radiation detection sensitivity in a predetermined direction, which is defined as an output signal value per unit intensity of incident radiation. Radiation 11 incident from
There are two types of radiation detection elements: one has a unidirectional radiation detection characteristic that is maximum for the radiation detection element, and the other has an omnidirectional radiation detection characteristic whose radiation detection sensitivity does not depend on the incident direction of radiation. However, a conventional radiation detector l formed by accommodating one of these radiation detection elements in a predetermined container has a planar radiation entrance window 2 as shown in FIG. As a result, the output signal 1a of the radiation detector 1 is
It is proportional to the δ cosine of the direction of the radiation 3 incident on the window 2 and the normal direction of the window 2. Signal 1 according to the so-called cosine law
Generally, the detector has a unidirectional radiation detection characteristic that outputs a.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Since the conventional radiation detector 1 has the radiation detection characteristics described above, when this detector l is placed in a radiation field, the direction of fa2 of the detector 1 can be changed in various ways to obtain the output signal 1a.
It is clear that the true intensity and direction of the radiation at the location where the window 2 is placed cannot be known unless the state of The radiation vector at the location where fa2 is placed is measured by finding the direction of window 2 where fa2 is maximized, but if the measured radiation vector is based on a single point radiation source, then Although there are few problems, if the determined radiation vector is a composite vector of a plurality of component radiation vectors based on each of a plurality of point radiation sources at different positions, it is necessary to shield the detection window 2 with appropriate radiation shielding. It is also clear that unless the body is shielded from component radiation other than the component radiation to be measured, the a component radiation vector cannot be measured.

That is, the radiation detector 1 described above may have a radiation field based on a single point radiation source or a plurality of point radiation sources or such radiation IIi! Even if it is based on the radiation lJ# equivalent to the source, the radiation vector at the position @2 cannot be measured unless the orientation of the detector window 2 is changed, and unless the orientation of @2 is changed, Furthermore, it is not possible to measure the distribution of radiation intensity in the spatial direction at the position of the window 2 (hereinafter, this distribution may be referred to as the spatial distribution of radiation).

Even if it were possible to measure the radiation vector by changing the direction of the window 2 and finding the direction in which the signal 1m shows the maximum value, if this vector is the aforementioned composite vector, it would be impossible to know its component vectors.

There is a problem in that the radiation vector in the radiation field, the component vectors forming this vector, and the spatial distribution of the radiation cannot be quickly added [#1].

An object of the present invention is to configure a radiation detector into a plurality of aggregates of unidirectional elemental radiation detectors each pointing in a different spatial direction, and to perform a predetermined calculation using the output signal of each elemental detector. By doing so, it is possible to quickly determine the radiation vector, its component vectors, and the spatial distribution of the radiation without moving the radiation detector.

[Means to solve the problem]

According to one aspect of the present invention, the above objects are achieved.

#A regular icosahedral or hexahedral main body formed of a radiation shielding material, and the centroid of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body, and the axis is the center of the imaginary outer sphere in the regular icosahedron. a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle, passing through the centroid and having the side surfaces extending outside the virtual circumscription; and an equal radial line provided at the bottom of each of the recesses in degrees Celsius. and a non-directional radiation detection element having detection characteristics, and the #-marked 16-hedron has the above-mentioned regular 20
According to the present invention, a radiation detector is configured as a polyhedron obtained by dividing the icosahedron by a plane including one vertex K1111 of the icosahedron with a length of 54 m, and according to the present invention, radiation Positive 20 formed of shielding material
A main body part in the shape of a facepiece or 16-sided hexahedron, and the centroid of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body part (in which the axis passes through the center of the virtual circumscription of the pressure distribution icosahedron and the centroid. and a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle, the side surfaces of which are provided so as to expand toward the outside of the virtual outer sphere, and an equal radiation detection property at the bottom of each of all the recesses. Equipped with omnidirectional radiation #J4* output element.

The 16rii body is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal face obtained by dividing the regular icosahedron by a plane containing five vertices of # pressure distribution 2011 bodies adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron. When the 1m main body is the regular icosahedron, the magnitude of each of the 32 specific direction radiation vectors is calculated using the radiation detector and the output signals of all the radiation detection elements. When the main body has the above-mentioned 16-hedron shape, it consists of a calculation section that calculates the size of each of the 21 specific direction radiation vectors, and the calculation result of the calculation section marked with # (based on the radiation obtained by 1fiJ
A radiation da determination device that measures each magnitude of the radiation vector in the specific direction in the field, and the radiation vector in the 1m period is a vector that represents a specific direction and the magnitude as the intensity of radiation in this direction, and When the main body part is the regular icosahedron, the m specified direction radiation vector is the direction of the straight line that connects each of the vertices of the regular icosahedron and the center of the virtual circumscription, and the direction of the minute direction of the recessed part. With said vectors having the same direction as each of and.

When the main body is the hexahedra, the direction of the straight line connecting the vertex not included in the regular pentagonal face of the hexahedra and the center of the virtual circumscription and the direction of the axis of the recess Radiate so that the vectors have the same direction as each! According to the present invention, the icosahedron is divided by planes containing five vertices of the icosahedron, each having one vertex KII in the icosahedron. a 16-sided body made of a radiation shielding material having one regular pentagonal surface, and an axis of each of the centroids of each face of an equilateral triangle in the body (the center of the virtual circumscription of the icosahedron); A cone-shaped part having a predetermined solid angle is provided so that it passes through the centroid and the side faces expand toward the outside of the pseudospring circumscribed sphere, and the bottom part of each of all the recessed parts (equal A unit radiation detector including a non-directional radiation detecting element having radiation detection!# property, and a concave or convex detector mounting portion comprising four planar mounting surfaces, and the detector mounting portion is provided with a concave or convex detector mounting portion. The two adjacent mounting surfaces are formed so as to form an intersecting angle of 160 degrees, and the one unit radiation detection unit is arranged such that the regular pentagonal surface of the main body portion is in contact with each of the mounting surfaces. A total of 21 first specific direction radiation vectors are generated using each output signal of all the radiation detection elements in the unit radiation detector. A first calculation unit that calculates each size of
A second calculation section that calculates the magnitude of each of the four 2% directional radiation vectors is connected to the detector mount and fixed to the detector mount based on the calculation results of the second calculation section X. A radiation measuring device that measures each magnitude of the second specific direction radiation vector in a radiation field in which a radiation detection unit including all of the unit radiation detectors is placed, and 1[2 The specific direction radiation vectors are vectors representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and the 1% specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing the regular pentagon in the main body. The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line that connects the vertex not included in the surface and the center of the virtual circumscription method, and the direction of the axis of the recess, and the @2 specific direction radiation The vector is the cone axis of a virtual cone formed by the four first specific direction radiation vectors surrounding the 2% fixed direction radiation vector (having the same direction and the first specific direction radiation vector). The radiation @'; poison-view is configured such that the vector has a size that is the sum of the respective sizes of the four second specific direction radiation vectors surrounding the M first specific direction radiation vector, and The present invention (
According to.

a regular icosahedral or hexahedral main body formed of a radiation shielding material, and an axis in each of the centroids of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body, which is the center of an imaginary circumscribed sphere in the icosahedron and the above-mentioned figure. a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle, which passes through the center and whose side surfaces expand toward the outside of the temporary circumscribed sphere; and an equal radiographic inspection B6 provided at the bottom of each of all the recesses. and a non-directional radiation detection element having characteristics, the m-16 hexahedra are divided into planes including five vertices of the regular icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron. Using a radiation detector which is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal surface obtained by
When the main body is the regular icosahedron, calculate the size of each of the 32 specific direction radiation vectors, and when the main body is the 16-hedron, calculate the size of each of the 21 specific direction radiation vectors. A maximum radiation vector as the specific direction radiation vector whose size shows a maximum value from among all the specific direction radiation vectors whose magnitudes have been calculated by the computing section, and a maximum radiation vector adjacent to this maximum radiation vector. a peak radiation vector calculation unit that performs a calculation to extract the three specific direction radiation vectors and obtain a peak radiation vector as a composite vector of the four extracted specific direction radiation vectors; A radiation measurement device that measures the intensity and direction of the radiation that exhibits a peak on the directional distribution of radiation intensity in the radiation field in which the radiation detector is placed based on the peak radiation vector marked #; The specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and when the main body is the regular icosahedron, the specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction. The direction of the straight line connecting each of the vertices and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere and n of the recess
# is a vector having the same direction as the direction of the axis, and when the s array body is the above-mentioned 16-hedron, w116
A ray such that the vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the vertex not included in the regular pentagonal surface of the facepiece and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and the direction of the axis of the concave portion, respectively. Configure the measuring device 1fflL, and also.

According to the present invention, in a plane including five vertices of the regular icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron, the regular 2
The main body part made of a radiation shielding material has a 16-hedral shape and has one regular pentagonal surface obtained by dividing a 0-hedron, and the centroid of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body part No. 1111 has its axis set to the regular 20 a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle, passing through the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere in the facepiece and the centroid, and having side surfaces expanding toward the outside of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and each of all the recesses; Equal radiation detection % provided at the bottom
A unit radiation detector equipped with a non-directional radiation detection element having a polarity, and a concave or convex detector mounting portion consisting of four planar mounting surfaces, and The one unit radiation detector is fixed such that the two mounting surfaces form an intersection angle of approximately 160 degrees, and the regular pentagonal surface of the main body is in contact with each of the mounting surfaces. Using the detector mounting base and each output signal of all the radiation detection elements provided for each me unit radiation detector and of all the radiation detection elements in the unit radiation detector, each magnitude of the 1% directional radiation vector of 21 in total is calculated. and a first calculation unit that calculates each of the 84 11!2 specific direction radiation vectors using the calculation results of the four first calculation units provided for each unit radiation detector. a second calculation unit that calculates the second calculation unit svc;
Therefore, from the IE2 specific direction radiation vector of all degrees Celsius whose magnitude has been calculated, the second radiation vector whose magnitude has a maximum value is
Extract the maximum radiation vector as a special foot direction radiation vector and the 1-3 adjacent to this maximum radiation vector (the above-mentioned 2% directional radiation vector of and a peak radiation vector calculation unit that performs calculation to obtain a peak radiation vector as a composite vector of directional radiation vectors.
Distribution of radiation intensity by direction in a radiation field in which a radiation detection section consisting of the detector mount and all the unit radiation detectors fixed to the detector mount is placed based on the t+ period peak radiation vector. A radiation measuring device that fixes the intensity and direction of the radiation that exhibits a peak at the top, wherein the first and second specific direction radiation vectors both have a specific direction and the intensity of the radiation in this direction. It is a vector that represents the magnitude.

Further, the first specific direction radiation vector is a direction of a line connecting the vertex not included in the regular pentagonal surface of the main body and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and a direction of the axis of the concave portion, respectively. IM vector having the same direction as 2, and the second specific direction radiation vector is the four constellations surrounding the second specific direction radiation resistance vector! ρ) having a direction coinciding with the cone axis of a virtual cone formed by the specific direction radiation vector, and having the size of the 1% specific direction radiation vector surrounding the first specific direction radiation vector. The radiation M5# device is configured such that the vector is the sum of the magnitudes of the 2nd % directional radiation beam 4h.

[Effect]

With the above configuration, a cone-shaped recess such as a cone having a predetermined solid angle ω and an omnidirectional radiation detection element provided in this recess produce one elemental radiation having almost a single directional radiation detection characteristic. As a result, by appropriately setting the solid angle ω, a radiation detector and a unit radiation detector each having a regular icosahedral or 16-hedral main body can be constructed in a three-dimensional manner. Since it is a collection of 20 or 15 elemental radiation detectors pointing in different directions in each space of the angle 4w steradian or 2π steradian at equal solid angles without overlapping each other, this - number of radiation When one main body is a regular icosahedron, it is possible to measure the intensity of radiation in various directions in the radiation field without changing the attitude of the detector main body by using only a detector or a unit radiation detector. Each of the elemental radiation detectors is oriented in 20 different directional directions (it can be detected, and when the main body is a hexahedron, each of the elemental radiation detectors is oriented in 1lfl).
It is possible to eject in different directions of i,
Therefore, each output signal of 20 or 15 omnidirectional radiation detection elements is used to generate 4π or 2 steradians as the above-mentioned radiation H measurement target space in the radiation is where the radiation-like detector or unit radiation detector is placed. The spatial distribution of radiation within a solid angle of 9 can be rapidly measured in the approximate direction f#.
In C, when using a radiation detector and a calculation section, this calculation! The size of each of 32 or 21 specific direction radiation vectors with different directions is calculated by B, and the radiation detection unit, four first calculation units, and one wL
In the case of using two calculation units (in this case, the second calculation unit calculates the respective magnitudes of the 84 second specific direction radiation vectors in different directions, so in the end, each calculation sentinel of the calculation unit and the N2 calculation unit As a result, it is possible to quickly measure the spatial distribution of radiation in the space to be measured by a radiation 4I detector or a radiation detection unit with considerably higher directional accuracy than when using the output signal of a radiation detection element as is. thing(
Become.

Then, f. With the above configuration, the peak radiation vector is calculated by the peak radiation vector calculation unit using the four specific direction radiation vectors or the second specific direction radiation vector (4fIlIF), so the radiation vector to be measured is calculated using this peak radiation vector. The directions and sizes of the composite vector, its component vectors, and thin beam-like rays can be quickly determined with better direction and size accuracy than based only on the calculation results of the above-mentioned calculation section or the second calculation section. You will be able to do that.

[Example of real power]

FIG. 1 is a top view of a radiation detector 4 as an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view taken along the arrow 2 in FIG. alE1.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 5 denotes an icosahedral main body made of a radiation shielding material such as lead.

6 has a main body of $5 VC, so that the centroid of each of the 20 faces is carefully located, and the center of the virtual circumscription of the main body 5 passes through the center of the virtual circumscription and the centroid, and the side surface is outside (facing) the virtual circumscription of the main body 5. a conical recess having a predetermined solid angle ω that seems to widen;
7 is a non-directional disc-shaped radiation detection element such as a positive scintillation carbon detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each recess 67'; in this case, the main body As shown in the cross-sectional view of the main part in FIG. It is clear that all the surfaces of the portion 5 are congruent equilateral triangles, and since FIG. The elements 7 are each represented as shown, and in this case, the axis 10 of the recess 6 coincides with the axis passing through the apex 8 of the regular tetrahedron 90.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a lead-out hole provided in the main body 5 so that the conductor 12 connected to the element 7 can be pulled out from a portion of the main body 5 not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. , the radiation detector 4 has a main body 5l15 configured as described above.
It consists of a detection element 7 with a total weight of 20 g and a conducting wire 12 connected to each element 7. In the detector 4, all the recesses 6 are formed to have the same dimensions, and all the 20 elements 7 are also formed to have the same dimensions.

Now, in the radiation detector 4, each part is constructed as described above, and in addition to forming the concave portion 6, both adjacent virtual cones of the 2° virtual cones y'r are located at the center of the virtual circumscription method. The solid angle ω described in VCIII is set so that they intersect at extremely distant points.

Therefore, the detector 4 is an assembly of 20 elemental radiation detectors 13 consisting of one recess 6 and the recess 6 (identified radiation detection element 7), and the four elemental radiation detector 13 is , since the radiation detection element 7 has radiation detection sensitivity only for radiation that is within the solid angle ω of the radiation directed toward this element 7, radiation that has almost a single directional radiation detection characteristic It turns out that it is a detector.

In addition, in the detector 4, there are 20 elemental radiation detectors 13.
are directed in different directions at the same solid angle ω without substantially overlapping with each other, over a total of nine spaces centered on the detector 4, that is, with a solid angle of 4π steradians. Therefore, this detector 4 (according to - the detector 4
The element detector 13 detects the intensity of radiation in various directions in the radiation field (without changing the amm position).
It is possible to detect the radiation in each direction of 20 meters, and therefore, the radiation measurement target space with a solid angle of 4 f steradians in the radiation field where the detector 4 is placed can be detected using only each output signal of the 20 radiation detection elements 7. This means that the spatial distribution of radiation can be rapidly measured with approximate directional accuracy.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the second embodiment 14 of the radiation detector according to the present invention, and the first figure is a drawing corresponding to FIG. The main body shown in Figure 2!
[The main body 15 made of radiation shielding material corresponding to 15 is 16
It is formed into a face shape.

This 16-hedron is one vertex U of the regular icosahedron serving as the main body 5! #c-vertices U of five regular icosahedrons
It is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal surface 15a obtained by dividing the main body H5 by a plane containing f, LTg −U* −Uta, LJ+ t, and the regular pentagonal surface 15av
Cl: The elemental radiation detector 13 is not provided. Since the radiation detector 144 is configured as described above, according to this detector 14, a three-dimensional solid on a plane including the regular pentagonal surface 15a can be detected using only the output signals of the 15 radiation detection elements 7. Is the space with an angle of 2π steradians a half-space than 7? This means that the spatial distribution of radiation transmitted by the detector 4 can be measured with the same degree of directional accuracy as in the case of the detector 4.

By the way, since the radiation detectors 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are sFs as described above, each of the radiation incident surfaces of the 20 radiation detectors 7 all have the same area V. There is. Therefore, ゛2 Now, when the detector 4 is placed in a certain radiation field 41, this radiation lII! To Ih.

Each surface A, B, C,... of the equilateral triangle in the main body 5VC
20fl!, each of which has a direction of incidence perpendicular to each of the directions of incidence, and each has a spatial distribution of the radiation dose rate as the intensity of radiation in a direction perpendicular to the direction of incidence. l
radiation? a5! The above radiation [5! Each dose rate of R
@ * Rl) * Since the respective directions of RCI... and gl are determined by themselves, it is sometimes called a specific direction radiation vector. Then.

The magnitude of the vector in this case is the above-mentioned narrow jE-rate R1 to R, which is the intensity of radiation. )1-picture person (2) A radiation vector in a specific direction with a dose rate Ra is incident on the radiation detection element 7^ as a detection element 7, and a radiation vector in a specific direction with a dose rate other than the dose rate R3 is also incident, so in the end, The total dose rate T incident on the seven radiation detection elements is (1)
Then, in equation (1),
K, as mentioned above.

Surfaces B, E, F, H, J, L, N, P, and T are each surface A
Because it has a fixed direction with respect to.

Both are constants and are 0.74 in Kt! Medium 0.26
It is.

Ta=FLa ten+ (Rb+R6+ RO+Na
(Rh+Rj+R(+Rn+RJ)+Rt)・・
(1) Therefore, the output signal to the radiation detection element 7 is processed by a signal processing device, and this device outputs the output signal of the element 7^ (a signal representing the corresponding radiation count rate value Na). In this case, the counting efficiency of seven elements is η, and Na=η@
Since Ta, formula (2) can be obtained based on (1)2.

Na/ηFuRa +Na (Rb+Re+Rf)+N
a (Rjs +Rj +Rt+Rn +几, +R-・
...(2) Therefore, the radiation detector 4 is used as a radiation vector in a specific direction having a magnitude of the above-mentioned dose IE, ~R (hereinafter, a specific direction radiation vector having a magnitude of st rate R1-R1). When the radiation vector is placed in a radiation field in which a specific direction radiation vector Ra-Rt or radiation vectors R8 to Rt exists.

Signals output from the elements 7 on each of the surfaces B, C, . . . , T of the main body 5 are subjected to signal processing similar to that described above to obtain radiation count rate values Nb* NC, . . . , Nt. As a result, equation (3) is obtained.

R, +R4) Then, in the equations (T and G), Na-N1 is the value obtained by processing each output signal of the 20 elements 7 in the detector 4 with the above-mentioned signal processing device. , and η is 1. As is clear from the above description, both are constants. Therefore.

In this case, if Na-Nt is known as described above, ist″$Ra-R1 can be calculated from Q) and equation (3).

In other words, by doing as described above, it is possible to know the 20 specific direction radiation vectors 3si to Rt in the radiation field where the detector 4 is placed based on the output signals of the 20 elements 7. Therefore, in this radiation field, for example, if we calculate the size R of the radiation component directed from the apex U of the main body 5 in the detector 4 toward the center of the outer layer thickness of the main body wA5, it becomes as shown in equation 4. It is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2 that 1 in equation (4)
・N4 is medium 0.79, N4==0.1, respectively.
All of 7 are definite. In this case, the radiation component has a specific direction in the same W as the radiation vector R, a-R, and has a magnitude of R expressed by equation 41. , this radiation component can also be said to be a specific direction radiation vector, and R1 represents the dose rate as the magnitude of this vector.

Hereinafter, this radiation component may be referred to as a specific direction radiation vector R.

R1=to (R, +Rb+Rc+Rd+R6)-1JQ
(Rf+86+I'J+R7+Rfl)・・・・・・(
4) That is, if Ra-ai is obtained by solving the above equations , the center of the circumscribed sphere of the main body part 5 (from each of the apex U of the main body part 50, ~ chicken), 11 specific direction radiation vectors can be obtained due to the dose rates R2 to R1, each having a direction facing the center of the circumscribed sphere of the main body part 5. is clear.

FIG. 5 shows the first integrated example 16 of the radiation S measuring device according to the present invention.
17 in the figure constitutes a radiation measuring device 16 together with a radiation detector 4, and performs the above calculation using each output signal 7m of a total of 20 radiation detection elements 7 in the detector 4. Specific direction radiation vector R1 to R1
This calculation unit outputs a signal 17 representing the magnitude of each of the 32 vectors R1 to Rate. In the radiation measuring device 16, the dose rate of the radiation component in the direction 324 in the radiation field where the detector 4 is placed is measured at once by the calculation unit output signal 17a without changing the attitude of the detector 4. Therefore, with this measuring device 16, the spatial distribution of radiation in the 4π steradian radiation tsm constant object space can be measured quickly and with better directional accuracy than when using only the detector 4 described above.

Next f, (3 and (3), Rp, Rq-FL(e
BH-Rl e N p e Nq -N r-N
@ * N If we solve the 15-line simultaneous equations that can be obtained by setting all l to zero.

In the case of the radiation detector 14 described above, the magnitudes of each of the 15 specific direction radiation vectors Ra-8° in a 2π steradian space on a plane including the regular pentagonal shape 15a are obtained.

It is clear that each size of the specific direction radiation vector R1-bird can be obtained by performing calculations similar to equation 1) using these vectors R8 to Ro. FIG. 6 shows the radiation detector 14 and the output signals of the 15 radiation detection elements 7 in the detector 14 used to perform the above-mentioned calculation, resulting in a total of 21 specific direction radiation vectors B! A radiation 11111J constant device 1 comprising a calculation unit 18 configured to output a signal 181 representing each magnitude of ~R0 and R1 ~R.
9 configuration diagram.

It is clear that with this device 19, as in the case of the measuring device 16, the spatial distribution of radiation in a half-space can be measured by the signal 18'a quickly and with better directional accuracy than with the previously described detector 4 alone. Configuration diagram of Example 20, No. 8
The figure is a perspective view of the radiation detection section 21 shown in FIG.
In the figure, a unit radiation detector 22 having exactly the same configuration as the radiation detector !4 shown in FIG. 4 is drawn in a hemispherical shape for convenience of drawing.
3 is provided with a concave detector mounting portion 24 consisting of four planar mounting surfaces 241, and two adjacent mounting surfaces 24a, 24a in the detector mounting portion 24 are arranged as shown in FIG. , are formed to form an intersecting angle of approximately 160 degrees, and one unit is formed so that a regular pentagonal surface corresponding to the regular pentagonal surface 15aK of the main body part shown in FIG. 4 is in contact with each of the four mounting surfaces 24a. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting base 23 taken perpendicularly to the intersection line formed by a pair of adjacent mounting surfaces 248 and 24. The radiation detection section 21 described above is mounted on the detector mounting base 2.
3 and four unit radiation detection units a22.

tJI, 27 in FIG. 7 indicates each output signal 7 of the 15 radiation detection elements 7 output by the unit radiation detector 22.
When m is inputted, the first arithmetic unit performs the same arithmetic operation as the arithmetic unit 18 shown in FIG. 6 and outputs a signal 27a having the same signal content as the output signal 181. The calculation unit 27 is provided for each detector 22 and uses the output signals 7a of all the elements 7 in the detector 22 to calculate a radiation vector in a specific direction of 211 WA. It can be said that each size of R11 to R6 is calculated. Hereinafter, the explanation will proceed assuming that each part of the detector 22 has the same reference numerals as those in the radiation ejector 14 shown in Figure X4.

Now, in the IE8 diagram, the detector 22 is at J
In addition, the detector 22 of WC4 @ is attached to the T-mounted base 23, and furthermore, the detector 22 of WC4@ The detector 22 is separated by 1m and attached to the mounting base 23, but as mentioned above, the rc2
Of the 1511 m long conical recess 6 provided in the detector main body 15, each of the adjacent recesses 56.6 has a shape of 5! For convenience, the two virtual cones are formed so that they intersect at a point quite far from the center of the body circumscription, so the axes of the two adjacent recesses 6.6 are at an angle of about 40 degrees. In this case, the detector 22 is attached to the mounting base 23 as described above, and as a result, the body apex U1 and the center of the body circumference in each of the adjacent detections 622.22 are Conveniently connect two straight lines or 20
Since the two detectors 22 are centered at the intersection W of the four mounting surfaces 24a on the mounting base 23 and have adjacent radii, the distance between the two detectors 22
(On a virtual hemisphere surface that is large enough to ignore the dimensions of each part (), there are 15×4 = 60 virtual intersections a25 of the circle formed by this hemisphere surface and the virtual cone forming the above-mentioned recess 6, as shown in FIG. They will appear overlapping like this,
Further, a container iI connecting the center of the tentative circumscribed sphere of the main body 15 in the detector 22 and each of the vertices U1 to U of the main body 15 (the axes of which coincide with each other and which form the recess 6) Assuming a second virtual cone having the same apex angle as the first virtual cone, and assuming that a circular intersection line is also formed by this virtual cone @2 and the virtual hemisphere, then the virtual hemisphere It's convenient for the top (15JG6)
X4=84 circular intersection lines 25 will appear.

These 84 intersections @25 are shown in Figure 10 (as shown, each center of each intersection line 25 becomes each grid point (disposed face !1) with grid spacing d. Then, in Figure 10 Both straight lines connecting each center of the two circular fathers @25°25 arranged at an interval d and the center W of the virtual hemisphere form an angle of approximately 20 degrees, and one element in the detector 22 It is clear from the above that the intersection line 25 corresponding to the radiation detector 13 represents the field of view of the detector 13. Therefore, from now on, the intersection line 25 surrounded by - intersection lines 25 The circular portion in FIG. 1θ is sometimes referred to as the viewing area 25.

Therefore, in FIG. The dose rate of radiation incident on the cough detector 13A from the field of view is approximately
Output signal 27H of the first calculation unit 27 that performs calculations
The size of the specific direction radiation vector R1 obtained by (assumed to be proportional, and for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the above-mentioned one intersection line 25 forms a square frame shape of 2d on a side as shown in Figure @11) Then, the dose rate R1a as the magnitude of the vector FLa is determined by the side d shown in the 11th WJ.
It can be considered that the partial dose rate is the sum of 1 to 4, which is proportional to each dose rate of the radiation incident on the element detector 13 from each of the square partial viewing areas 261 to 264. Therefore, formula 6) holds true.

Rm-(kl)+(k2)+(k3)+(k4)
--------(S Therefore, in the radiation measuring device 20 shown in FIG. 7, each output signal 2 of the four first calculation units 27
For each size of the 84 specific direction radiation vectors represented by 7a, 84 addition equations expressed as the sum of the 4 partial dose rates (similar to equation 5) are established, and this The 84x4 partial dose rates in the 84 addition formulas include the 1θth
As you can see from the figure, - identical parts + 1! i! quantity rate k
is included in the four addition formulas, so the VC actually consists of 84 different partial dose rates. However, in the case of Fig. 7, the magnitude of each of the 84 specific direction radiation vectors in the 84 addition formula described in @ is calculated by 4 wcl calculations P
It is known by each calculation operation of A27. Therefore, 8410 parts from the 84 addition formulas written in 4#? ll1t rate k can be calculated, and 28 shown in FIG.
The above calculation is performed using the magnitudes of the 84 specific direction radiator vectors represented by a, and 84 types of partial dose rates k are calculated.
This is a second arithmetic unit configured to output a signal 28a representing . In FIG. 7, the radiation measuring device 20 is composed of the above-mentioned radiation detection section 21, four wJl calculation sections 27, and one second calculation section 28.

Now, in the radiation measuring device 20rc, the second calculated injection output signal 2811 represents the part-dose rate k of the 84 types as described above, and each of these dose rates has one visual field area 2.
Since this is the dose rate incident on the radiation detection element 7 from one partial viewing area α obtained by dividing 5 into four, in this case, the size is k and the centroid of the viewing area α is the main body of the detector 22. It is possible to consider a vector β directed toward the center of the circumscribed sphere, and it is clear that this vector β has a specific direction, so this vector β also follows the above-mentioned specific direction radiation vectors R8 to R0 and R1 to R6. alike%
It can be said that it is a directional radiation vector. Therefore, if the vectors R8~''O and Rt~R1 are called the first specific direction radiation vector, and the vector β is called the Ii;2% specific direction radiation vector, in this case, (5)
Since there are 84 addition formulas including the formula & 10th
From the diagram (.

The second specific direction radiation vector β has a direction that coincides with the cone axis of one virtual cone formed by the four first specific direction radiation vectors surrounding the vector β, and is a 1% specific direction radiation vector. It can be said that the magnitude of the vector is the sum of the magnitudes D of the four vectors β surrounding this 1% directional radiation vector I.

Therefore, according to the radiation measuring device 20VC, a total of 84 second specific direction radiation vectors β can be determined by the output signal 28m of the second calculation unit 28, and the radiation LSM determining device 19 of FIG. It follows that the spatial distribution of the radiation between the halves can be rapidly measured with even better directional accuracy than would otherwise be the case.

@Figure 12 is a block diagram of the fourth embodiment of the radiation measuring device according to the present invention. In this figure, 29 is the radiation detector 4 shown in Figure 5 or the radiation detector 14 shown in Figure 6. A similarly configured radiation detector 30 is configured similarly to the calculation unit 17 in FIG. 5 when the detector 29 has the same configuration as the detector 4, and the detector 29 has the same configuration as the detector 14. When this is the case, the arithmetic unit is configured similarly to the arithmetic unit 18 in FIG.

31, the output signal 30a of the arithmetic unit 30 is inputted.

and the radiation detector 290 main body 5 or 1 of the 32 or 21 specific direction radiation vectors represented by the signal 30a.
Observing the distribution 1 on the virtual spherical surface circumscribed by 5, the kennel is at the maximum value Rrr1. Maximum radiation vector R as a specific direction radiation vector indicating x,,,! 32 is a 4-vector extracting unit designed to extract 4 vectors based on the 3 specific direction radiation vectors adjacent to this vector synthesis, and 32 is the 4 specific direction radiation vectors extracted by the 4-vector extracting unit 31Vc. This is a composite vector calculation unit that performs calculations to obtain the torque δ and outputs a signal 32a representing the vector a.Then, the extraction unit 31 described above 34 is a radiation IIs determination device consisting of a radiation detector 29 and calculation sections 30 and 33.

In the measuring device 34#C, since all the specific direction radiation vectors represented by the calculation unit output signal 3011 are vectors whose directions are known, it is clear that the calculation unit 32 can easily perform vector synthesis.

Moreover, since the peak radiation vector δ is obtained in the measuring device 34 (as described above).

According to the measuring device 34, by measuring at least one peak radiation vector a existing at the point where the detector 29 is located in the radiation field, a radiation vector that is a composite vector, a component vector of this composite vector, a thin beam shape, etc. This means that each direction, magnitude, or intensity of the radiation can be quickly determined with better direction, magnitude, or intensity accuracy than based only on the calculation results of the calculation unit 30.

FIG. 13 shows the fifth embodiment 3 of the radiation measuring device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of No. 5. The difference from the iris 7 diagram in this figure is that the second calculation unit 2 represents the second specific direction radiation vector β.
The output signal 2811 of 8 is input, and the distribution 14]1 of the 84 vectors represented by the signal 211 on the virtual sphere centering on the point W in FIG. The maximum radiation vector as a vector β indicating the value Rm1x and the three vectors l adjacent to this vector R, . A calculation is performed to obtain a peak radiation vector 1 as a composite vector, and a signal 36j1 representing this vector δ is output.

Since the peak radiation vector calculation unit 36 that operates in the same way as the calculation unit 33 shown in FIG. By measuring at least one force peak radiation vector δ existing at ftl'c, each direction, magnitude, or intensity of the radiation vector that is a composite vector, the component vector of this composite vector, and the thin beam-like radiation can be calculated. It is clear that measurements can be made with better accuracy than based only on the calculation results of section 28, and that measurements can be made more quickly in the direction n1 degrees, which is even better than with the measuring device f34 (described above).

In the above-described practical example of the present invention, the recesses 6 in the radiation detector main bodies 5 and 15 were formed in a conical shape; however, in the present invention, the recesses 6 may be formed in the shape of a triangular pyramid or other pyramidal shapes. Further, in the above-mentioned radiation measurement devices i20 and i35, the detector mounting base 23 in the radiation detecting section 21 is formed in a concave shape, but in the present invention, the mounting base 23 may be formed in a convex shape. Then, in the above-mentioned radiation 1m measuring device 16.19.20.34.35, the calculation f
! Signal 17a+18a representing the specific direction radiation vector or M2 specific direction radiation vector from 17°18.28
-28a is output, and performance '1! Signal 32a* 368 representing peak radiation vector δ from L portion 33.36
In the present invention, only outputting is performed.

These signals 17a, 18a* 28a, 32a, 36
input a into an appropriate recording device or display device (therefore, in these devices, the spatial distribution of the radiation vector in a specific direction and the vector J itself can be expressed in an appropriate pattern display such as a two-dimensional display or a bar graph display) ℃ is also good,
Alternatively, it may be expressed in characters.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, in the present invention, there is a main body portion in the shape of a regular icosahedron or a hexahedron made of a radiation shielding material, and an axis in which the centroids of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body portion are regular. A pyramid-shaped concave portion having a predetermined solid angle that passes through the center of the virtual circumscription of the icosahedron and the centroid and whose side surfaces expand toward the outside of the virtual circumscription, and each of all of the concave portions. Equipped with a non-directional radiation detection element with equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom.

A radiation detector is constructed by assuming that the 16-hedron is a polyhedron obtained by dividing the icosahedron by a plane containing five vertices of the icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the icosahedron,
In addition, the present invention (in accordance with the present invention) includes an icosahedral or hexahedral main body formed of a radiation shielding material, and an axis in each of the centroids of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body in the icosahedron. A pyramid-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle, which passes through the center of the virtual circumscription and the centroid, and whose side surfaces expand toward the outside of the virtual circumscription; The icosahedron is divided into five planes adjacent to one vertex of the icosahedron. Using a radiation detector which is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal surface obtained by the above method, and each output signal of all the radiation detector elements.

When the main body is a regular icosahedron, the size of each of the 32 specific direction radiation vectors is calculated, and the main body is 16
When it is a faceted object, it is composed of a calculation unit that calculates the heavy snowfall of each of the 21 specific direction radiation vectors, and based on the calculation results of the calculation unit, the radiation detector calculates the specific direction radiation vector in the radiation field. The radiation measuring device measures each magnitude, and the specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction. When it is an icosahedron, the vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting each of the vertices of the icosahedron and the center of the virtual circumscription method, and the direction of the axis of the recess.

When the main body is a hexahedron, the direction is the same as the direction of the straight line connecting the vertices of the #16 hexahedron that are not included in the regular pentagonal surface and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and the direction of the axis of the recessed portion. The radiation measuring device is configured such that the vector has .

In the present f#, one vertex J of the regular icosahedron
It has one regular pentagonal surface obtained by dividing the regular icosahedron by the plane containing the vertices of the regular icosahedron in CIaru convenience 5i1! 6
Face-shaped radiation: S-shielding material and body part.

In each of the centroids of each face of the equilateral triangle in the main body, the axis passes through the centroid and the center of an imaginary circumscribed sphere placed in a regular 20WJ body, and the side surfaces expand toward the outside II/c of the imaginary circumscribed sphere. a unit radiation detector comprising a pyramidal recess having a predetermined solid angle and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of all the recesses, and four unit radiation detectors. A concave or six-shaped detector mounting portion consisting of two planar mounting surfaces is provided, and the two mounting surfaces in contact with each other in the detector mounting portion are approximately 160 mm in diameter.
A detector mount is formed so as to form an intersecting angle of degrees, and in which one unit radiation detector is fixed so that the regular pentagonal surface of the main body portion is in contact with each of the mounting surfaces, and each unit radiation ejector. (The magnitude of each of the 21 first specific direction radiation vectors D is calculated using the output signals of all the radiation detection elements in the unit radiation detector.
l entsu club and unit radiation i1! A second unit that calculates each magnitude of the 84-even 2% directional radiation vector using the calculation results of the four first calculation units provided for each ejector.
The calculation result of the calculation section and the calculation section (ry, m2y* calculation section) 2. A radiation measuring device for measuring each magnitude of a radiation vector in a specific direction,
The first specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the inertia of the radiation in this direction, and the first specific direction radiation vector is the main body f!
The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the vertices not included in the regular pentagonal surface in IS 8 and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and the direction of the axis of the concave portion, and the second specified vector. The directional radiation vector has a direction that coincides with the cone axis of the virtual cone formed by the four 1% directional radiation vectors surrounding the 2% directional radiation vector, and has a direction that coincides with the cone axis of the virtual cone that is formed by the 1% directional radial vector. In the first invention, the magnitude of the vector is radiation! I: A regular icosahedral or hexahedral main body formed of a shielding material; A cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle that passes through the centroid and whose side surfaces expand toward the outside of the tentative circumscribed sphere, and equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses. The 16-hedron has five regular 20-sided radiation detectors adjacent to one vertex of the icosahedron.
Using a radiation detector which is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal surface obtained by dividing a regular icosahedron by a plane including the vertices of the hedron, and each output signal of all the radiation detection elements,! When the body of lJ is a regular icosahedron, calculate the magnitude of each of the 32 specific direction radiation vector forces, and when the body of m is a 16hedron, calculate the magnitude of each of the 21 specific direction radiation vectors. a calculation unit that calculates the maximum radiation vector, and a calculation unit that calculates the maximum radiation vector as a specific direction radiation vector whose size has a maximum value from all the specific direction radiation vectors whose magnitude has been calculated, and the calculation unit that calculates 7) % specific direction radiation vector, and a peak radiation vector calculation unit that performs a calculation to obtain a peak radiation vector as a composite vector of the four extracted specific direction radiation vectors, and 1IfJ. A radiation measuring device that measures the intensity and direction of the radiation that exhibits a peak on the directional distribution of radiation intensity in a radiation field in which a radiation detector is placed based on the peak radiation vector, and the radiation measuring device measures the intensity and direction of the radiation that exhibits a peak on the directional distribution of radiation intensity in a radiation field in which a radiation detector is placed, The vector represents a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction. 2 When the main body is an icosahedron, the vector represents each of the vertices of the icosahedron and the The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line that spans the center of the virtual circumscription and the direction of the axis of the concave portion, and when the main body is a hexahedron, the vector is a regular pentagonal face in the hexahedron. The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the vertices not included in the center of the virtual circumscription and the axes of the four parts. Furthermore, in the present invention, a 16-hedral plane having one regular pentagonal face obtained by dividing the regular icosahedron by a plane including five icosahedral vertices adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron is used. The main body made of a radiation shielding material, and the centroid of each face of the equilateral triangle in the main body, the axis of which passes through the center of the virtual circumscription method of the regular icosahedron and the centroid, and the side surface of the centroid of the virtual circumscription method. a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle and extending outward from the recess, and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses. A unit radiation edge detector and a concave or convex detector mounting portion consisting of four planar mounting surfaces are provided, and two adjacent mounting surfaces in the detector mounting FB form an intersection angle of approximately 160 degrees. A detector mounting base is formed as shown in FIG. a first calculation section that calculates the magnitude of each of the 21 1% directional radiation vectors using each output signal of all the radiation detection elements in the unit radiation detector; A second calculation unit that calculates the magnitude of each of the 84 second specific direction radiation vectors using the calculation results of the four 1lEl calculation units, and The maximum radiation vector as the 24I constant direction radiation vector whose magnitude shows the maximum value and this maximum radiation-like vector (three adjacent second specific direction radiation vectors) are extracted from the 2% constant direction radiation vector, and these are extracted. It consists of a peak radiation vector calculation unit that performs calculations to obtain a peak radiation vector as a composite vector of the extracted four second specific direction radiation vectors, and a detector mount and this detection based on the peak radiation vector fWJ. Radiation for measuring the intensity and direction of radiation that exhibits a peak on the directional distribution of radiation intensity in a radiation field in which a radiation detection unit consisting of all unit radiation detectors fixed to a device mount is placed. It is a measuring device.

The first and second specific direction radiation vectors are both vectors representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and the 1% specific direction radiation vector is a regular pentagonal surface in the main body. The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the vertices not included in the center of the virtual circumscription method and the minute direction of the concave portion, and! 24? The specific direction radiation vector has a direction that coincides with the cone axis of the virtual cone formed by the four W41 specific direction radiation vectors surrounding the second specific direction radiation vector, and the magnitude of the first specific direction radiation vector. The radiation ':AA' apparatus was configured such that the vector was the sum of the magnitudes of the four second specific direction radiation vectors surrounding the first specific direction radiation vector.

Therefore, when the radiation detector is configured as described above, almost all directional radiation can be detected using a cone-shaped recess such as a cone having a predetermined solid angle ω and a non-directional radiation detection element provided in this recess. As a result, by appropriately setting the above-mentioned solid angle ω, one elemental radiation detector having a regular icosahedral or hexahedral main body can be constructed. The unit radiation detector and the unit radiation detector move in different directions in each space with a solid angle of 4π steradians or 2N steradians at a solid angle ω.
20 or 1 oriented with almost no overlap with each other
Since it is a collection of five elemental radiation detectors, each of the radiation in various directions in the radiation field can be detected with only these radiation detectors or unit radiation detectors without changing the attitude of the detector main body. When the two main bodies are icosahedral, each of the elemental radiation detection elements 6 is oriented, so it is possible to detect the intensity in 20 different directions, and when the main body is 16-sided, JN11 Since each of the radiation detectors is oriented, it is possible to detect each direction in a direction of 15 m. Therefore, the two radiation detectors of the present invention have only 20 or 15 omnidirectional radiation detection confectionery output signals. The spatial distribution of radiation in the solid angle space of 4π or 2π steradians as the above-mentioned radiation measurement target space in the radiation field where the radiation detector or unit radiation detector is placed can be rapidly measured with approximate directional accuracy. It is effective, and furthermore, if the radiation measuring device is configured as described above.

When a radiation detector and a calculation section are used, this calculation section (
Therefore, the sizes of 32 or 21 specific direction radiation vectors with different directions are calculated, and when using a radiation detection section, four first calculation sections, and one second calculation section, 8 with different directions depending on the second calculation unit
Since the magnitude of each of the four IIE2 specific direction radiation vectors is calculated.

In the end, the radiation measuring device of the present invention detects the spatial distribution of radiation in the space to be measured by the radiation detector or the radiation detection unit based on the calculation results of the calculation unit and the second calculation unit, and calculates the output signal of the radiation detection element. This has the effect of allowing measurements to be made quickly and with significantly higher directional accuracy than when used as is.

Then, when the radiation measuring device is configured as described above, the peak radiation vector is calculated by the peak radiation vector calculating section using the four specific direction radiation vectors or the four second specific direction radiation vectors. 1. The radiation measuring device of the present invention (is a radiation measuring device) which uses the peak radiation vector to calculate each direction and magnitude of the composite vector as the radiation vector to be measured, its component vectors, and thin beam-like radiation in the above-mentioned calculation section and second calculation section. This method has the effect of being able to quickly measure direction and size with more accuracy than based only on calculation results.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a top view of a radiation detector according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view taken from arrow 2 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cutaway view of the main parts in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 4 is a side view of a radiation detector according to the invention, which is different from the radiation ejector shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a first practical example of a radiation measuring device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a second practical example of the radiation measuring device according to the present invention. 111!7 is a configuration diagram of a third complete example of the radiation measuring device according to the present invention. #! FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the main parts in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part in FIG. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a fifth embodiment of a radiation measuring device according to the present invention. FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional radiation detector. 1, 4.14.29... Radiation detector, 5.1
5... Open body part, 6... Concave part, 7...
Radiation detection element, 151...Regular pentagonal surface, 16.19
．． 20.34.35...Radiation measuring device,
17.18.30.36... Arithmetic unit, 22...
...Positive radiation detector, 23...Detector mounting base, 24...Detector mounting part, 24a...
...Mounting surface, 27...Track 1st calculation section, 28...
2nd calculation section, 33.36...Peak radiation' Hunting diagram Denbacterial ivy diagram / 9 Tsutama' Hunting diagram 嘱 Zutuji closed paper diagram 4 'Soul Iθ Jitsuji Zuta diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A regular icosahedron or 16 made of radiation shielding material.
The axis of each of the centroids of the facet-shaped main body and each face of the equilateral triangle in the main body passes through the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere in the regular icosahedron and the centroid, and the side faces of the virtual circumscribed sphere 16, comprising: a pyramidal recess having a predetermined solid angle and extending outward; and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses; A radiation detector characterized in that the facet is a polyhedron obtained by dividing the regular icosahedron by a plane including five vertices of the regular icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron. . 2) Regular icosahedron or 16 made of radiation shielding material
The axis of each of the centroids of the facet-shaped main body and each face of the equilateral triangle in the main body passes through the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere in the regular icosahedron and the centroid, and the side faces of the virtual circumscribed sphere 16, comprising: a pyramidal recess having a predetermined solid angle and extending outward; and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses; The facet is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal face obtained by dividing the regular icosahedron by a plane containing five vertices of the regular icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron. Using a radiation detector and each output signal of all the radiation detection elements,
When the main body is the icosahedron, calculate the size of each of the 32 specific direction radiation vectors, and when the main body is the 16hedron, calculate the size of each of the 21 specific direction radiation vectors. and a calculation unit that calculates the magnitude of the radiation vector in the specific direction in the radiation field in which the radiation detector is placed based on the calculation result of the calculation unit, the radiation measurement device comprising: The directional radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and when the main body is the icosahedron, the directional radiation vector is a vector representing the vertex of the icosahedron. and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and the vector has the same direction as each of the direction of the axis of the recess,
When the main body portion is the hexahedra, the direction of the straight line connecting the vertex not included in the regular pentagonal surface of the hexahedra and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere and the direction of the axis of the recess. A radiation measuring device characterized in that the vectors have the same direction as each of the vectors. 3) Radiation shielding in the form of a 16-hedron having one regular pentagonal surface obtained by dividing the icosahedron by a plane containing five vertices of the icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the icosahedron. A main body made of material, and an axis of each of the centroids of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body passes through the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere in the regular icosahedron and the centroid, and a side surface is outside the virtual circumscribed sphere. A unit radiation detection unit comprising a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle and extending toward the recess, and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses. and a concave or convex detector mounting portion consisting of four planar mounting surfaces, the two adjacent mounting surfaces of the detector mounting portion forming an intersection angle of approximately 160 degrees. a detector mounting base on which one of the unit radiation detectors is fixed such that the regular pentagonal surface of the main body portion is in contact with each of the mounting surfaces; a first calculation section that calculates each magnitude of a total of 21 first specific direction radiation vectors using each output signal of all the radiation detection elements in the unit radiation detector; Using each calculation result of the four first calculation units, total of 84 second calculation units are used.
and a second calculation unit that calculates each magnitude of a specific direction radiation vector, and based on the calculation results of the second calculation unit, the detector mounting base and all of the unit radiation detection units fixed to this detector mounting base are A radiation measurement device that measures the magnitude of each of the second specific direction radiation vectors in a radiation field in which a radiation detection unit consisting of a detector is placed, wherein both the first and second specific direction radiation vectors are The first specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing the direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and the first specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing the vertex not included in the regular pentagonal surface of the main body and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere. The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the two directions and the direction of the axis of the recess, and the second specific direction radiation vector is the four vectors surrounding the second specific direction radiation vector. The four said radiation vectors have a direction coinciding with the cone axis of a virtual cone formed by the first radiation vector in a particular direction, and the size of the first radiation vector in the particular direction surrounds the first radiation vector in the particular direction. A radiation measurement device characterized in that the vector is the sum of the magnitudes of the second specific direction radiation vector. 4) Regular icosahedron or 16 made of radiation shielding material
The axis of each of the centroids of the facet-shaped main body and each face of the equilateral triangle in the main body passes through the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere in the regular icosahedron and the centroid, and the side faces of the virtual circumscribed sphere 16, comprising: a pyramidal recess having a predetermined solid angle and extending outward; and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses; The facet is a polyhedron having one regular pentagonal face obtained by dividing the regular icosahedron by a plane containing five vertices of the regular icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the regular icosahedron. Using a radiation detector and each output signal of all the radiation detection elements,
When the main body is the icosahedron, calculate the size of each of the 32 specific direction radiation vectors, and when the main body is the 16hedron, calculate the size of each of the 21 specific direction radiation vectors. a calculation unit that calculates a maximum radiation vector, and a maximum radiation vector as the specific direction radiation vector whose size shows a maximum value from among all the specific direction radiation vectors whose size has been calculated by the calculation unit; a peak radiation vector calculation unit that extracts three of the specific direction radiation vectors adjacent to the vector and calculates a peak radiation vector as a composite vector of the four extracted specific direction radiation vectors; A radiation measuring device that measures the intensity and direction of the radiation that exhibits a peak on the directional distribution of radiation intensity in the radiation field in which the radiation detector is placed based on the peak radiation vector, The specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and when the main body is the regular icosahedron, the specific direction radiation vector is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction. The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting each of the vertices and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere and the direction of the axis of the concave portion, and when the main body is the 16-hedron, The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the vertex not included in the regular pentagonal surface of the hexahedra and the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere, and the direction of the axis of the concave portion, respectively. Characteristic radiation measuring device. 5) Radiation shielding in the form of a 16-hedron having one regular pentagonal surface obtained by dividing the icosahedron by a plane containing five vertices of the icosahedron adjacent to one vertex of the icosahedron. A main body made of material, and an axis of each of the centroids of each face of an equilateral triangle in the main body passes through the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere in the regular icosahedron and the centroid, and a side surface is outside the virtual circumscribed sphere. A unit radiation detection unit comprising a cone-shaped recess having a predetermined solid angle and extending toward the recess, and a non-directional radiation detection element having equal radiation detection characteristics provided at the bottom of each of the recesses. and a concave or convex detector mounting portion consisting of four planar mounting surfaces, the two adjacent mounting surfaces of the detector mounting portion forming an intersection angle of approximately 160 degrees. a detector mounting base on which one of the unit radiation detectors is fixed such that the regular pentagonal surface of the main body portion is in contact with each of the mounting surfaces; a first calculation section that calculates each magnitude of a total of 21 first specific direction radiation vectors using each output signal of all the radiation detection elements in the unit radiation detector; Using each calculation result of the four first calculation units, total of 84 second calculation units are used.
a second calculation unit that calculates the magnitude of each specific direction radiation vector; and a second calculation unit in which the size of all the second specific direction radiation vectors whose size is calculated by the second calculation unit is a maximum value. Extracting the maximum radiation vector as a specific direction radiation vector and the three second specific direction radiation vectors adjacent to this maximum radiation vector, and combining these four extracted second specific direction radiation vectors. a peak radiation vector calculation unit that performs calculations to obtain a peak radiation vector as a vector, and based on the peak radiation vector, the detector mount and all the unit radiation detectors fixed to this detector mount are A radiation measurement device that determines the intensity and direction of the radiation that exhibits a peak on the directional distribution of radiation intensity in a radiation field in which a radiation detection unit is placed, the radiation measuring device comprising: Each of the radiation vectors is a vector representing a specific direction and the intensity of radiation in this direction, and the first specific direction radiation vector is a vector that represents the vertices of the main body that are not included in the regular pentagonal surface. The vector has the same direction as the direction of the straight line connecting the center of the virtual circumscribed sphere and the direction of the axis of the recess, and the second specific direction radiation vector is the second specific direction radiation vector. The first specific direction radiation vector has a direction that coincides with the conical axis of a virtual cone formed by the surrounding four first specific direction radiation vectors, and the size of the first specific direction radiation vector is the first specific direction radiation vector. A radiation measuring device characterized in that the vector is the sum of the magnitudes of the four second specific direction radiation vectors surrounding the vector.