JPH04153527A - Gas turbine power generation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To separate nitrogen of high purity from the combustion product for recovery and reuse by separating the combustion products in turbine exhaust in the process of liquefying nitrogen in a liquefying equipment. CONSTITUTION:A closed cycle in which nitrogen is a circulation medium is composed of a gasifying unit 11, combustors 43, 44, gas turbines 25, 26 and a juxtaposed power generation plant 13. Turbine exhaust (h) of the gas turbine 26 thermally recovered by the power generation plant 13, and the resultant cooled exhaust is sent to a liquefying equipment 8 for liquefaction. A separated fluid (s) such as combustion product separated through liquefaction is treated in a separated fluid equipment 14 for dumping or reuse. A liquid nitrogen (c) separated in the liquefying equipment 8 is supplied to the gasifying equipment 11 through a liquid nitrogen storage bath 9. The combustion product is separated from the nitrogen in the liquefying equipment 8 with high purity, so that the nitrogen is recovered for reuse.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to power generation equipment using a closed cycle gas turbine using nitrogen as a circulating medium.

BACKGROUND ART FIG. 12 shows an example of a conventional nitrogen circulation gas turbine. This is an example of a Plainton gas turbine that uses gaseous circulating nitrogen. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a turbine, 3 is a generator, 4 is a heating furnace, and 5.67 is a heat exchanger. 1st
In the configuration shown in Fig. 2, the temperature of the suction gas of the compressor 1 is lowered by the cold heat of the liquefied natural gas LNG using the heat exchanger 5 to reduce the power of the compressor 1, and the compressed nitrogen is also transferred to the heat exchanger 6. The turbine exhaust gas of the turbine 2 and the heating furnace 4 are indirectly heated to a predetermined turbine inlet temperature.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention In the gas turbine power generation equipment as described above, the circulating nitrogen is heated by the turbine exhaust gas and is further heated in the heating furnace 4. Since these are indirect heating methods, the temperature obtained is generally Turbine inlet temperature (1000
~1500℃).

Is it possible to increase the expansion work by operating the turbine under high pressure? This is a trade-off with compressor performance, and there is an upper limit to the optimal pressure from the aerodynamic balance between the turbine and compressor and manufacturing considerations. .

In order to improve the turbine output, it is possible to increase the turbine inlet temperature by mixing fuel, oxygen, and water vapor with a large specific heat, but it is possible to separate circulating nitrogen, combustion products, and moisture in a closed loop with high purity. There must be.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to obtain a sufficient turbine inlet temperature, and to reduce nitrogen as a circulating medium.
The purpose is to provide gas turbine power generation equipment that can separate, recover, and reuse input media such as oxygen and hydrogen and combustion products.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, in a closed cycle gas turbine power generation facility using nitrogen as a circulating medium, a liquefaction facility installed on the exhaust side of the gas turbine, and a liquefaction facility installed in the liquefaction facility A liquid nitrogen storage tank that stores liquefied nitrogen, a boost pump that makes the liquid nitrogen discharged from the liquid nitrogen storage tank a predetermined high pressure, and a vaporization equipment that vaporizes the high pressure liquid nitrogen.
and a combustor that adjusts the gas turbine inlet temperature to a predetermined temperature by combustion of vaporized gaseous nitrogen with oxygen and fuel that are simultaneously introduced, and supplies the resulting combustion gas to the gas turbine, and in the liquefaction process of the liquefaction equipment. A gas turbine power plant is provided that separates combustion products in the turbine exhaust.

Working gas turbines are operated by combustion gases that are regulated to a predetermined temperature by the combustion of fuel that is supplied with oxygen to the combustor, so that the resulting combustion products are separated during the liquefaction process in a liquefaction facility and are sent to a separation fluid facility. removed via.

Once liquid nitrogen is stored in a storage tank, it is boosted in pressure by a boost pump, returned to gas in a vaporization facility, and used again as a working fluid in a gas turbine.

Embodiment The basic configuration of a gas turbine power generation facility according to the present invention is shown in FIG.

A closed cycle using nitrogen as a circulating medium includes a liquefaction facility 8, a liquid nitrogen storage tank 9, a boost pump 10, a vaporization facility 11, and a combustor 12.
, a gas turbine 2 and an attached power plant 13.

The turbine exhaust of gas turbine 2 is connected to power generation plant 1.
3, the heat is recovered, the temperature is reduced as a result, and it is sent to the liquefaction equipment 8, where it is liquefied.

Separated fluid S such as combustion products separated during liquefaction is processed in separation fluid equipment 14 for disposal or reuse.

The circulating fluid liquid nitrogen C is supplied to the vaporization membrane W111 via the liquid nitrogen storage tank 9, and is pressurized by the booster pump 10 to obtain high-pressure liquid nitrogen d in order to obtain a predetermined nitrogen pressure.

High pressure gaseous nitrogen e obtained from the vaporization equipment 11 is sent to the combustor 1
2, the combustion gas g is made to have a predetermined turbine inlet temperature, the gas turbine 2 performs expansion work, and the generator 3 generates electric power.

In the combustor 12, the fuel f is injected into the combustor 12 together with oxygen φ, oxygen-enriched air, or air in order to combust it in the inert gas nitrogen e.

Generator 3 has liquefaction equipment 8 and system and circuit breaker 15.1617
The power required for the liquefaction stage m8 can be supplied from either the grid or the generator 3.

In contrast to the basic configuration shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows how heat is used inside and outside the system, that is, how heat is transferred and received.

First, in FIG. 2(a), an exhaust heat regenerator 18 is provided downstream of the gas turbine 2, and gaseous nitrogen e from the vaporized membrane all is
, in this exhaust heat regenerator 18, the gaseous nitrogen e whose temperature has been further raised by L1 is supplied to the combustor 12, thereby saving fuel.

The cold fluid 1 accompanying the vaporization of liquid nitrogen in the vaporization equipment 11 is stored in a heat storage tank 19 for cold fluid, and is used to cool the hot fluid J discharged from the attached power generation plant 13. Moreover, this cold/heat fluid 1 is also used as a cold heat source for a cold energy utilization plant 20 separately. Adjacent power plant 13 and liquefaction equipment 8
The hot fluid j recovered is stored in a heat storage tank 2 and used as a heating source.

The example shown in FIG. 2(a) is based on the premise that the liquefaction stage #8 includes a refrigerator dedicated to a cryogenic heat source that cools nitrogen to its boiling point. On the other hand, Figures 2(b) and (c) attempt to effectively utilize the heat medium generated within the system to function as a deep-refrigerated refrigerator, and Figure 2(b) is a method for vaporization. Equipment 1
Using the cold energy collected in step 1 and stored in the heat storage tank 19,
Circulating nitrogen nn that circulates between the liquefaction equipment 8 and the heat storage tank 19
I try to deep-cool it. In the example shown in FIG. 2(c), the liquefaction equipment 8 and the vaporization equipment 11 are combined to create a closer heat exchange relationship between the two.

FIG. 3 shows in detail the gas turbine power generation equipment according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the electric power system and the cold energy utilization plant 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are omitted, but each can be applied. Further, although the attached power generation plant 13 is illustrated as a combined power generation system consisting of a boiler 22, a steam turbine 23, a generator 24, and a condenser 79, this is also just an example and is not limited to this. Any material may be used as long as it is possible to cool the turbine exhaust gas (heat recovery) and to utilize the heat inside the attached power generation plant 13 as latent heat of vaporization in the vaporization equipment 11. The gas turbine is illustrated as being divided into two gas turbines 25, 26, a high pressure block and a low pressure block, or the number of divisions can be freely determined depending on the expansion ratio.

In FIG. 3, the vaporization equipment 11 consists of a vaporization heat exchanger 27, a heating heat exchanger 28, and a gas-liquid separation device 29, and the gaseous nitrogen e vaporized here is configured to be heated by a heater 30. Ru. This heater 30 is connected to use the heat storage tank 21 as a heat source.

The heat storage tank 19 for cold fluid is connected to the heat storage tank 31 for medium temperature fluid. This heat storage tank 31 is connected to a lubricating oil cooler 32, a heating heat exchanger 28, an exhaust cooler 33, and a condenser 79 of the attached power plant 13, respectively.

The lubricating oil cooler 32 is connected to the steam turbine 23 and its generator 2.
4. Connected to circulate and cool the gas turbine 25 and its generator 3. In this way, the large amount of low-temperature (30-100°C) heat from the condenser circulating water, lubricating oil cooling water, and gas turbine exhaust, which have not been used in the past, is cooled within the system, reducing thermal emissions into the environment. .

The heat storage tank 21 for hot fluid uses the recovered heat from the liquefaction equipment 8 as a heat source, and is connected to a hot water heater 34 and a feed water heater 35 that use recovered heat from the attached power generation plant 13 as an auxiliary heat source.

The reference numeral 36 indicates a pure water tank, 37 an intake facility, 38 an oxygen supply facility, 39 a liquid oxygen storage tank, 40 a transfer pump, 41.42 a valve, and 43.44 a combustor.

Is the fluid supplied to the liquefaction equipment 8 the heat-recovered turbine exhaust h4? First, during the initial operation, that is, at the beginning of the system startup, the circulating fluid nitrogen is not filled in the system, so the flow paths of valves, dampers, etc. A switching device, e.g. valve 41, 42 (valve 4
With the valve 1 open and the valve 42 closed), air a is taken in through the intake equipment 37 equipped with a filter and a muffler as appropriate, using only three facilities: the liquefaction equipment 8, the liquid nitrogen storage tank 9, and the separation fluid equipment 14. Produces liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen.

The generated liquid oxygen is sent to the liquid oxygen storage tank 39 as liquid oxygen via the separation fluid facility 14. Liquid oxygen b2 can also be separately supplied to the liquid oxygen storage tank 39, and the liquid oxygen necessary for combustion is transferred from the liquid oxygen storage tank 39 to the oxygen supply equipment 38 as appropriate.

When the liquid nitrogen necessary for filling the system is secured in the liquid nitrogen storage tank 9 by the liquefaction equipment 8, this initial operation is stopped,
A closed loop of the circulation system is formed by fully closing the valve 41 and fully opening the valve 42.

In closed cycle operation, the combustion products separated during the process of liquefying the turbine exhaust h4 in the liquefaction equipment 8 vary depending on the nature of the fuel, for example, H2O, SO2°C02 (Co
), No (N20), 02, etc. When using hydrogen fuel, H7O, No (N, 0), 02, etc. are separated. These separation fluids S are disposed of outside the system, but H2O or O7 can be reused in the system.

When steam m from the annexed power plant 13 is input to the gas turbine to improve output and efficiency, H,0 is separated as the sum of the steam and combustion products. The pure water t adjusted by the separation fluid facility 14 is once stored in the pure water tank 36, and is introduced into the boiler water supply line together with make-up water to maintain the total amount of water in the entire system.

The heat that can be recovered by the liquefaction equipment 8 is stored in the heat storage tank 21 as a thermal fluid j. The excess or deficiency of heat balance in this heat storage tank 21 is adjusted by the feed water heater 35 and the hot water heater 34.

The amount of stored heat is used to heat the vaporized nitrogen in the heater 30, but if it becomes surplus, it is heated at the boiler feed water Q2 at 35.
used for heating. On the other hand, if there is a shortage, hot water heater 3
4, it is heated by the heat retained in the extracted air m□ of the steam turbine 2.

A temperature regulating fluid is circulated between the heat storage tank 21 and the water supply heater 35 and between the heat storage tank 21 and the hot water heater 34 to perform heat exchange. Morale m, condenses in the hot water heater 34 and its condensate qC.

It is guided to the condenser 79 and returned to the boiler water supply system.

The liquid nitrogen C separated in the liquefaction equipment 8 is utilized via a liquid nitrogen storage tank 9. The liquid nitrogen d discharged from the liquid nitrogen storage tank ≦ by the transfer pump 40 is pressurized to a predetermined high pressure by the pressure pump 10 and vaporized in the air installation #11.

In the vaporization equipment 11, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -196"C
Since the temperature is low, the vaporization heat exchanger 27 recovers vaporization latent heat, and the temperature increase heat exchanger 28 recovers 4 each of vaporization latent heat and temperature increase sensible heat.

A heat storage tank 19 for cold fluid connected to the vaporization heat exchanger 27
A non-freezing cold fluid i such as brine is stored in the evaporation heat exchanger 27, and the cold heat is recovered by circulating the cold fluid i to the vaporization heat exchanger 27.

The temperature regulating fluid i is then transferred from the heat storage tank 19 to the heat storage tank 31.
k is circulated to transfer cold heat to medium-temperature water. Heat storage tank 31
The cold heat of the medium-temperature water inside is transmitted to the lubricating oil cooler 32 used for cooling the lubricating oil X by circulating the medium-temperature fluid 2, and the circulating medium-temperature fluid 1, The medium temperature fluid is transmitted to the heating heat exchanger 28 through 5, and the medium temperature fluid is transmitted to the exhaust cooler 33 through 3.

The exhaust cooler 33 cools the turbine exhaust to h4, separates moisture by dehumidification, and transfers it to the separation fluid equipment 14 as separation fluid S.

Gaseous nitrogen e obtained from the gas-liquid separator 29 of the vaporization equipment 11
, is heated to e2 by the heater 30, and a higher temperature gaseous nitrogen e is obtained by the heat recovered from the turbine exhaust gas by the exhaust heat regenerator 18 provided on the gas turbine outlet side.

Oxygen φ, supplied from the oxygen supply equipment 38, is combusted together with the fuel f in the combustor 43, whereby the gaseous nitrogen e is adjusted to a combustion gas g1 at a predetermined temperature, and the gas turbine 25 performs expansion work. The turbine exhaust gas, whose temperature has been reduced by expansion, is again controlled to a combustion gas g2 at a predetermined inlet temperature of the gas turbine 26 by combustion of the fuel f and oxygen φ in the combustor 44, and performs expansion work in the gas turbine 26. , the gas turbines 25 and 26 drive the generator 3 to generate electricity.

In the combustors 43 and 44, the fuel is fn, and the oxygen φ1. φ2
However, before that, these fuels f
,, ft and oxygen φ1. φ is controlled to be mixed with a branched flow of gaseous nitrogen e. Nitrogen as an inert gas makes it possible to adjust the combustion characteristics such as the calorific value and combustion rate of the fuel, and to reduce the oxygen partial pressure to moderate the sudden reaction with the fuel, and is also effective for hydrogen and oxygen combustion. be.

After the turbine exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 26 exits the waste heat regenerator 18, if the temperature is sufficiently high, the turbine exhaust gas h2 generates steam m in the boiler 22, and a power generation system consisting of a steam turbine 23 and a generator 24 is generated. Can drive equipment.

The exhaust gas (steam) n of the steam turbine 23 enters the condenser 79 together with the condensate q from the hot water heater 34, where it is condensed and becomes boiler feed water Q. This boiler water supply Q is pure water tank 3
It merges with the pure water from 6 to form 02, and further flows to the feed water heater 3.
After being appropriately heated to a temperature of Q in step 5, it is circulated to the boiler 22.

The steam turbine 23, the generator 24, and the gas turbine 2
5.26 and generator 3 constitute a combined power generation system.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the structure shown in FIG. 3 in which a fuel processing device 45 and a cooling system for high-level parts are added to the structure shown in FIG.

Therefore, in FIG. 4, only the additional portion will be explained.

Note that the reference numeral 46 indicates a temperature control device.

The fuel processing device 45 utilizes a turbine exhaust gas together with the boiler 22. In the figure, the fuel processing device 45 and the boiler 22 are arranged in parallel for convenience of explanation, but the heat exchanger tubes of each are arranged alternately to generate heat. Configurations that increase recovery efficiency are also used.

The configuration of the fuel processing device 45 is determined by the specifications of the fuel f, and includes a preheater, evaporator, heater, reactor, etc. depending on whether the fuel f is liquid, gas, or alcohol-based.
It is constructed by appropriately combining superheaters and the like.

For example, if the alcohol-based fuel is methanol, it will be converted to (CO+2H2) or (C02+3) by chemical endotherm in the catalytic reaction tube.
H2) gas fuel. The fuel processing device 45 is composed of a preheater, an evaporator, a heater, a reactor (a group of catalytic reaction tubes), and a superheater. Sensible heat) and save fuel.

The fuel processing device ji145 using gaseous fuel recovers sensible heat with a superheater, and the fuel processing device 45 using liquid fuel uses a preheater, an evaporator,
By collecting latent heat and sensible heat using each heat transfer tube in the superheater, the heat retained in each fuel is improved and fuel can be saved.

The reason why heat transfer tubes, which allow fuel and combustible gas to flow inside the tubes, can be placed directly into the turbine exhaust gas to allow efficient heat inflow (heat recovery) is because there is almost no 02 in the turbine exhaust gas. This is because even if the pipe is damaged, it will not cause an explosion or fire and will be safe.

FIG. 5 shows an outline of the fuel processing device 45 in relation to the boiler 22.

The fuel processing device 45 is shown in the case of methanol, which is an alcohol-based fuel that has the largest number of components.

FIG. 5(a) shows an example of the configuration of the boiler 22, in which the boiler feed water Q is directed toward the high temperature side of the gas turbine exhaust h2 to the preheater 4.
7. High-temperature steam m3, low-temperature steam via the low-pressure evaporator 48, energy saver 49, high-pressure evaporator 50, and superheater 51! ! 13 shows the flow of fluid in the case of 13.

FIG. 5(b) shows an example of the configuration of the fuel processing device 45, in which the fuel f is transferred to the preheater 5 toward the high temperature side of the gas turbine exhaust gas h2.
2. Evaporator 53, heater 54, reactor body 5 with built-in catalyst
5 and superheater 56 to become gas fuel fl+f2.

Preheater 52, evaporator 53 and superheater 56 if the fuel f is liquid fuel, heater 54 and superheater 5 if gaseous fuel
6 configuration.

FIG. 5(c) shows a case where the boiler 22 and the fuel processing device 45 are arranged in parallel, and the damper 57 provided at the inlet/outlet of each
．． 58, 59, and 60 to interoperate gas turbine exhaust h
2 shows an example of arrangement in which the splitting ratio of 2 is controlled.

FIG. 5(d) shows a case where the boiler 22 and the fuel processing device 45 are arranged alternately to recover heat from the gas turbine exhaust h2, and the temperature and pressure of the steam m2+ ms and the characteristics of the reactor main body 55 are The arrangement status may change from time to time.

Returning to FIG. 4, in a gas turbine, it is necessary to efficiently cool high-temperature parts such as the combustor, turbine moving/stationary blades, and the rotor. Gaseous nitrogen e from the gas-liquid separator 29
Since 1 is a cold fluid with a temperature of -several tens of degrees Celsius, this gaseous nitrogen e is mixed in the temperature control device 46 with the gaseous nitrogen e whose temperature has been raised in its wake, to generate gaseous nitrogen e8 as a cooling fluid. .

This gaseous nitrogen e3 is controlled between the temperatures of gaseous nitrogen e, ~e by the mixing ratio, making it possible to achieve a better cooling design and improved cooling efficiency than before, reducing the amount of cooling fluid and base metal of high-temperature parts. This can be reflected in changes, etc.

FIG. 6 shows another arrangement example of the waste heat regenerator 18 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In FIG.

According to FIG. 6, the exhaust heat regenerator 61 is connected to the fuel processing device 45/
It is placed in the low-temperature exhaust between the boiler 22 and the exhaust cooler 33, and conducts the gaseous nitrogen to the heater 30 after performing the first stage of heat recovery. The gaseous nitrogen e exiting the heater 30 is supplied to the gas turbine 2
The temperature is raised to e by an exhaust heat regenerator 62 placed immediately after 6.

Due to the system configuration, when the heater 30 is omitted, it is necessary to install the exhaust heat regenerators 61 and 62 at two locations. High temperature turbine exhaust gas can be supplied to the boiler 22, increasing the degree of freedom in heat transfer design.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which part of the power for the liquefaction equipment 8 is obtained from a gas turbine.

The liquefaction equipment 8 is composed of a circulating nitrogen compressor 1 and a liquefaction device main body 63, and a generator/motor 64, a compressor 1, a switching clutch 65, and a gas turbine 25, 26 are directly connected to each other.

The configuration in which the generator/electric motor 64 is used as a generator and is combined with the compressor 1 and the gas turbine 25, 26 to simultaneously operate the power generation plant and the liquefaction equipment is a so-called gas turbine organization, but it is sufficient to operate within the closed loop of the circulation system. In the initial operation when no liquid nitrogen is present, the switching clutch 65 is disconnected, the generator/motor 64 is operated as an electric motor, and the liquefaction equipment is operated independently by sucking air through the intake equipment 37 and liquefying it. The compressor 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to a primary compressor 66 or a circulating nitrogen compressor 67 shown in FIG. 9, which will be described later.

FIG. 8 shows in detail only the systems of the liquefaction equipment 8 and the vaporization equipment 11 of the configuration shown in FIG. 2(b).

The cold fluid heat storage tank 19 connected to the vaporization heat exchanger 27 of the vaporization equipment 11 acts as a deep cold heat exchanger, and compressed nitrogen nn is circulated between the heat storage tank 19 and the liquefaction amount m8. ing.

The cold heat recovered from the liquid nitrogen d in the vaporization heat exchanger 27 is circulated as a cold fluid 1 to the heat storage tank 9, where the nitrogen nn is deeply cooled, that is, cooled to near its liquefaction point.

In order to cope with the diversity of operation of the liquefaction equipment 8, a bypass line, a backup heat exchanger, and a deep-refrigeration refrigerator (small machine) can also be installed as necessary.

FIG. 9 shows a detailed example of a combined facility including the liquefaction facility 8 and the vaporization facility 11 in the configuration shown in FIG. 2(c).

The liquefaction equipment 8 includes a primary compressor 66, a circulating nitrogen compressor 67,
It is composed of a rectification column 68, a nitrogen cooler 69, a precooling heat exchanger 70, a cryogenic heat exchanger 71, and a refrigerant pump 72. The liquefaction equipment 8 and the vaporization equipment 11 are integrated by replacing the container 27.

Similarly, in this embodiment, a bypass line, a backup heat exchanger, and a deep-refrigeration refrigerator (small-sized machine) can be added as necessary in order to cope with the diversity of operation with a liquefaction amount of 6i8.

This makes it possible to cope with the case where there is a difference between the liquefaction amount and the vaporization amount, and it is also possible to operate the liquefaction plant and the power generation plant at different times. The status of this bypass and backup is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.

FIG. 10 shows an example of liquefaction equipment and also shows the main points of the system of this embodiment.

The main equipment for liquefaction amount #8 is a primary compressor 66, a high-pressure and low-pressure circulating nitrogen compressor 67, a rectification column 68, and a cryogenic heat exchanger 71. In the conventional system, the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 is A flow fluid or refrigerant of approximately 1,200°C is supplied from the machine.

In this system, the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 uses the cold fluid l circulating from the vaporization heat exchanger 27 of the vaporization equipment 11, and the cryogenic refrigerator can be omitted or its capacity can be reduced.

However, in order to cope with insufficient cooling, a backup heat exchanger 73 for the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 is provided, and a small-capacity deep-refrigerating refrigerator 74 is used.

The configuration shown inside the liquefaction equipment 8 in FIG. 10 is an example, and various systems can be used, and the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 is configured for any of them.

The air liquefaction process will be described with reference to FIG.

The pressure of the turbine exhaust h4 is increased by the first compressor 66, and the temperature is reduced due to expansion in the rectification column 68, and a portion of the turbine exhaust gas h4 is liquefied.

The unliquefied nitrogen nn is pressurized again by the circulating nitrogen compressor 67, but the circulating nitrogen nn is cooled by the inlet cooling by the nitrogen cooler 69.
2, and becomes circulating nitrogen nn through intermediate cooling.

The cold heat source of the nitrogen cooler 69 is the refrigerant fQ that circulates between the precooling heat exchanger 70 and the refrigerant cooling of the precooling heat exchanger 70 is performed by the deep cooling refrigerator 75. Circulating nitrogen nn is supplied to the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 (
If necessary, it is deep cooled in the backup heat exchanger 73), expanded and cooled in the rectification column 68, and liquefied.

Liquid nitrogen C is supplied to liquid nitrogen storage tank 9.

If the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid nitrogen d in the vaporization heat exchanger 27 is greater than the cold heat in the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 due to liquefaction of the turbine exhaust h4, a portion of the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 is replaced by the refrigerant nnA through the bypass pipe 76. If the amount is low, the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 and its backup heat exchanger 73 are operated in series, and the backup heat exchanger 73 makes up for the lack of cold heat. When liquefaction and power generation are operated at different times and the liquefied fluid d is stopped, the pack-tub heat exchanger 73 covers the entire amount of deep cooling.

In FIG. 11, the vaporization heat exchanger 27, the precooling heat exchanger 70, and the deep cooling heat exchanger 71 are integrated, and the routing of the cold/hot fluid i is omitted.

Direct circulation of nitrogen nn and refrigerant fQ using the latent heat of vaporization of liquid nitrogen d
is deep-chilled.

If more cryogenic cold heat is required than the latent heat of vaporization of the liquefied fluid d, the precooling heat exchanger 70 and its bank-a-tube heat exchanger 77, the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 and its backup heat exchanger 73 are operated in series. By doing so, the backup heat exchangers 77 and 73 compensate for the lack of cooling heat.

On the other hand, if the amount is low, the refrigerant f by the bypass pipe 78.76
At QA and nnA, the precooling heat exchanger 70 and the cryogenic heat exchanger 71 are partially bypassed. In the staggered operation in which the liquefied fluid d is stopped, only the backup heat exchangers 77 and 73 are used.

Backup heat exchanger 70°7 in Figures 10 and 11
Other cold sources such as LNG vaporization cold heat can be used as the cold heat source of the 375.

Note that this system is applicable to any type of cold source for the backup heat exchanger, or even if it is a combination of sources, as long as the pre-cooling heat exchanger 70 and deep-cooling heat exchanger 71 are used. shall be included.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, in a closed cycle gas turbine using nitrogen as a circulating medium, the following effects can be obtained by providing a liquefaction facility on the gas turbine exhaust side.

(1) Combustion products and steam injected into the turbine can be separated with high purity.

(2) Nitrogen in the circulating medium that is not filled at the time of plant startup and oxygen for combustion can be secured by operating the liquefaction equipment by sucking atmospheric air.

(3) The turbine inlet pressure can be freely raised to a high pressure due to the liquid nitrogen pressure boost pump capability. This is because conventional constraints such as compressor aerodynamic performance and performance balance between the compressor and turbine are eliminated, and therefore the pressure can be set as high as possible in order to obtain high turbine performance (high output, high efficiency).

(4) The obtained liquid nitrogen can be applied as high-grade cold energy, for example, to cooling superconducting generators, power generation elements, magnetic bearings, etc. It can be used to improve cooling efficiency in cooling high-temperature parts of gas turbines (moving/stationary blades, combustor).

(5) The cold fluid obtained by vaporizing nitrogen can be used as a cold source for liquefaction equipment and as a cooling fluid for gas turbines and attached power plants, reducing plant loss and waste heat (heated wastewater) to the environment. It can reduce thermal emissions. It can also be used as a cold source for freezers and district cooling.

(6) Since it is originally a closed cycle, unlike ordinary open cycle gas turbines and their combined power generation, NOx-5Ox/CO
□There is no atmospheric release of combustion products.

(7) Thermal emissions from power plants to the environment can be reduced by utilizing heat within the system. The heat retained in conventional plants, such as condenser circulating water, lubricating oil cooling water, and gas turbine exhaust, is utilized within the system.

(8) As an inert gas, nitrogen, various combustion adjustments are possible, and it can accommodate all conditions including hydrogen and oxygen combustion.

(9) Since the oxygen concentration in the turbine exhaust gas can be controlled to almost 0%, heat transfer tubes for direct heat exchange can be placed in the exhaust flow path to process the fuel (recover heat to the fuel).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of a gas turbine power generation facility according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a modification of the gas turbine power generation facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of the basic configuration of FIG. 1. 4 is a system diagram showing a modified example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing a fuel processing system, FIG. 6 is a system diagram showing a further modified example, and FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3. Figures 8 and 9 are system diagrams showing examples of combinations of liquefaction equipment and vaporization equipment; Figures 10 and 11 are system diagrams showing backup bypass; Figure 12 1 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional nitrogen circulation gas turbine. 2, 25.26... Gas turbine, 3, 24... Generator, 8... Liquefaction equipment, 9... Liquid nitrogen storage tank, 10... Boosting pump, 11... Vaporization equipment, 12.43.44... Combustor, 13... Attached power generation plant, 14... Separation fluid equipment, 18.61.62... Exhaust heat regenerator, 19.21.3]
・・Heat storage tank, 22・・Boiler, 30・・Heater, 32・
- Lubricating oil cooler, 33... Exhaust cooler, 34... Hot water heater, 35... Feed water heater, 36... Pure water tank, 37
...Intake equipment, 38..Oxygen supply equipment, 39..Liquid oxygen storage tank, 40..Transfer pump, 45..Fuel processing device,
46...Temperature control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In closed-cycle gas turbine power generation equipment that uses nitrogen as a circulating medium, there is a liquefaction equipment installed on the exhaust side of the gas turbine, a liquid nitrogen storage tank that stores the nitrogen liquefied in the liquefaction equipment, and a liquid nitrogen storage tank that discharges nitrogen from the liquid nitrogen storage tank. A booster pump that brings the liquid nitrogen to a predetermined high pressure, vaporization equipment that vaporizes the high-pressure liquid nitrogen, and combustion of the vaporized gaseous nitrogen with oxygen and fuel that are simultaneously introduced to adjust the gas turbine inlet temperature to a predetermined temperature. A gas turbine power generation facility comprising a combustor that supplies the obtained combustion gas to a gas turbine, and separating combustion products in the turbine exhaust during the liquefaction process of the liquefaction facility.