JPH04148051A - Ram rocket - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To open a port in a short time in accordance with the completion of combustion of a propellant for booster by forming a port cover to open and close the port provided to a ram combustor, with a shape memory alloy, one part of which is fixed to the port. CONSTITUTION:A ram rocket 1 furnishes a ram combustor 3 including a propellant 2 for booster, a gas generator 5 including a propellant 4 for sustainer, and a gas nozzle 6 to inject an inflammable gas into the ram combustor 3, and the air is fed from an air intake 7 to a port 3a provided to the ram combustor 3. In this case, a port cover 8 to open and close the port 3a is made of a shape memory alloy, and a projection 8a formed at a part of the periphery is fitted to a recess 3a provided at the rear side of the port 3a to fix to the port 3a. And in the phase when the rocket reaches a set Mach number, and the propellant 2 for booster is burnt out, the shape memory alloy to compose the port cover 8 is deformed by the heat applied at the phase, so as to open the port 3a.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a ram rocket used to obtain flight thrust for a flying object. (Prior Art) Conventionally, as a ram rocket used to obtain flight thrust for a flying object, there is one having a structure as shown in FIG. 4, for example. The ram rocket 51 shown in FIG. a gas generator 55;
A gas nozzle 56 that injects the combustible gas with excess fuel into the ram combustor 53 and a boat 53a provided in the ram combustor 53 are connected to supply air to combust the combustible gas into the ram combustor 53. An air intake port 57 to take in the air and the boat 53 when the booster propellant 52 is combusted.
A port cover 58 that closes the port a and opens the boat 53 & when the booster propellant 52 finishes burning.
and a structure including a booster nozzle 61 that functions as a nozzle when the booster propellant 52 is combusted, and a ram nozzle 62 that functions as a nozzle when the combustible gas generated by igniting the sustainer propellant 54 is combusted. As the port cover 58, one having an integrated structure such as a glass plate or an aluminum plate, or one having a split structure was used. Publication number is known.). (Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a conventional ram rocket 51, the port cover 58 is made of an integrated structure such as a glass plate or an aluminum plate, or a split structure. Since the port cover 58 was removed and air was introduced from 53a when moving from combustion of the sustainer propellant 52 to ignition of the sustainer propellant 54,
The removed port cover 58 is not burnt out in the ram combustor 53 and remains as a large lump in the ram nozzle 6.
2, this lumpy port cover (58) collides with the ram nozzle 62 and destroys it, making it impossible to obtain the desired thrust. was. (Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems. The object of the present invention is to provide a ram rocket equipped with a port cover that opens the boat in a short time without forming a lump from the nozzle and being discharged to the outside immediately after completion of the operation.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a ram combustor equipped with a booster propellant, and a gas generator equipped with a sustainer propellant that generates combustible gas following combustion of the booster propellant. and an air intake port connected to a boat provided in the ram combustor to introduce air into the ram combustor, which closes the boat during combustion of the booster propellant and also closes the boat when the booster propellant is burned. In a ram rocket equipped with a port cover that opens the boat at the end of combustion, a part of the port cover is fixed to the boat, and the port cover is heated and stored by combustion of the booster propellant. The ram rocket is characterized in that it is made of a shape memory alloy that releases the boat by returning to its original shape, and this ram rocket structure is a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems. In one embodiment, the port cover includes:
The frame holder is formed in the ram combustor when the boat is open by being heated by combustion of the booster propellant and returning to the memorized shape. The ram rocket port cover according to the present invention is designed to reduce the amount of 5% generated in the ram combustor during combustion of booster propellant.
It must have sufficient strength to withstand an internal pressure of about 0 to 200 atm, and it must also be able to withstand the heat applied during the period from the early stage of combustion of the booster propellant to the final stage of combustion. Since the shape memory alloy that makes up the port cover needs to be unaffected, it has a low specific gravity and excellent mechanical strength.
It is preferable to use a Ti-Ni alloy whose transformation point can be easily set at a high temperature. (Operation of the Invention) Since the ram rocket according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, the boat is reliably closed during combustion of the booster propellant, and the booster propellant is closed at the final stage of combustion of the booster propellant. The shape memory alloy that forms the port cover returns to its memorized shape in a short time due to the heating caused by the combustion of the propellant, and the port cover deforms with the part fixed to the port as its base, thereby opening the port. This prevents the port cover structure from being discharged to the outside as in the conventional case. (Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a ram rocket according to the present invention. The ram rocket 1 shown in FIG. a gas generator 5 equipped with a sustainer propellant 4 that generates a fuel-rich combustible gas following combustion of the sustainer propellant 2;
A gas nozzle 6 for spouting the combustible gas into the ram combustor 3; and an air intake that connects to a port 3a provided in the ram combustor to take air into the ram combustor 3 to combust the combustible gas. Lower and the booster propellant 2
a port cover 8 that closes the bow 3a when the booster propellant 2 is combusted and opens the bow 3a immediately after the booster propellant 2 is combusted; and a booster nozzle that functions as a nozzle when the booster propellant 2 is combusted. 11, and a ram nozzle 12 which functions as a nozzle when combustible gas generated by ignition of the sustainer propellant 4 is combusted. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the air intake lower, bow 3a, and port cover 8 in FIG. A booster propellant 2 is provided. The port 3a is formed in a stepped shape such that the opening area on the outer circumferential side is smaller than the opening area on the inner circumferential side, and the flange portion 3b of the bow 3a formed in the stepped portion A port cover 8 is provided via a seal ring 15. This port cover 8 is made of a shape memory alloy (T in this embodiment).
i-Ni alloy), and the protrusion 8a formed on a part of its periphery is located on the rear side (right side in the figure) of the bow) 3a.
It is fixed to the bow 3a by fitting into the recess 3a provided in the bow. Further, as the combustion surfaces B and S shown by virtual lines in the 1s2 diagram of the booster propellant 2 move toward the direction of the arrow shown by the thin line in FIG. 2, more heat is added to the port cover 8. The port cover 8 is made of a shape memory alloy that forms the port cover 8 by the heat applied when the combustion surfaces B and S reach the inner surface of the port cover 8 or its vicinity. deforms by returning to its memorized shape. in this case,
As shown in FIG. 3, the port cover 8 is formed by deforming the front side of the protrusion 8a fixed to the bow 3a toward the rear end of the ram combustor 3, thereby opening the port 3a.
The idea is to open up. In addition, in this embodiment, the port cover 8 deformed into the shape shown in FIG.
The ram combustor 3 functions as a frame holder to suppress the flow rate of compressed air introduced into the ram combustor 3 through the ram combustor 3, and prevents the flame from blowing out when the combustible gas is combusted. . In the ram rocket 1 having such a configuration, first, the booster propellant 2 of the ram combustor 3 is ignited to obtain thrust to take off, and the set number of rockets required for operation by ram pressure is reached. accelerate to. Then, when the set Matsuha number is reached and the combustion of the booster propellant 2 is completed, the combustion surface B of the booster propellant 2 shown in FIG.
, S reach the inner surface of the port cover 8 or its vicinity, the shape memory alloy forming the port cover 8 is heated by the heat applied at this time and returns to the memorized shape in a short time, thereby causing the port to close. Cover 8 is the third
It is deformed as shown in the figure, and the port 3a is opened. During this time, the booster nozzle 11 is removed and becomes the ram nozzle 12, and in this state, the sustainer propellant 4 is ignited, and the flammable gas generated thereby is injected into the ram combustor 3 from the gas nozzle 6. . In the ram combustor 3, the combustible gas and the compressed air introduced through the air intake lower and the boat 3a continuously undergo a combustion reaction, and the resulting high-temperature combustion gas is transferred to the ram nozzle. Thrust is generated by ejecting from 12. At this time, as the shape memory alloy returns to the memorized shape, the port cover 8, which is deformed as shown in FIG. 3, is designed to function as a frame holder in the ram combustor 3. The flow rate of compressed air introduced through the intake lower and boat 5at is:
Since it is suppressed by this flame holder (port cover 8), a stable combustion area between the introduced air and fuel can be secured, and the possibility that the flame in the ram combustor 3 will be blown out is reduced. On the other hand, the flow rate of the combustion gas is slower in the area where the flame is held than in other areas, and therefore the gas temperature and concentration can be made different from those in other areas, making it possible to speed up the reaction rate. This increases combustion efficiency and increases thrust. As described above, the port cover 8 is made of a shape memory alloy and has a protrusion 8a fixed to the boat 3a on a part of its periphery, so that the booster propellant 2
During combustion, the shape memory alloy 3a is reliably closed, and at the final stage of combustion of the booster propellant, the heat applied at this time causes the shape memory alloy to return to its memorized shape with the protrusion 8a as the base. This port cover 8
deforms to open the boat 3a, so that the constituent members of the port cover 8 are no longer ejected to the outside as in the conventional case.

【Effect of the invention】

This invention provides a ram combustor equipped with a booster propellant, a gas generator equipped with a sustainer propellant that generates combustible gas following combustion of the booster propellant, and a gas generator provided in the ram combustor. The ram combustor has an air intake port that is connected to a boat that is connected to the ram combustor to take air into the ram combustor, and the boat is closed when the booster propellant is combusted, and the boat is closed when the booster propellant is combusted. In a ram rocket equipped with a port cover that opens, a part of the port cover is fixed to the boat, and the port cover is heated by combustion of the booster propellant and returns to the memorized shape, thereby opening the boat. Since the structure is made of a shape memory alloy that opens the port, the boat is reliably closed when the booster propellant burns, and the shape memory platform φ that forms the port cover is closed when the booster propellant burns. The port cover returns to its memorized shape within a short time and deforms using the fixed part to the boat as its base, allowing the boat to be opened. This has the remarkable effect that no discharge occurs and damage to the nozzle of the ram rocket is avoided.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a ram rocket according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the air intake, boat, and port cover of the ram rocket shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a deformed state of the port cover of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory vertical cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of a conventional ram rocket. 1... Ram rocket, 2... Booster propellant, 3
... Ram combustor, 3a... Boat, 4... Sustainer propellant, 5... Gas generator, 7... Air intake, 8... Port cover

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A ram combustor equipped with a booster propellant, a gas generator equipped with a sustainer propellant that generates flammable gas following combustion of the booster propellant, and a gas generator provided in the ram combustor. It has an air intake port that is connected to a port and takes air into the ram combustor, and the port is closed when the booster propellant is combusted, and the port is opened when the booster propellant is finished being burnt. In a ram rocket equipped with a port cover that is configured to A ram rocket characterized by being formed from a shape memory alloy that opens. (2) The port cover is heated by combustion of booster propellant and returns to a memorized shape, thereby forming a frame holder in the ram combustor in a state in which the port is open. Ram rocket as described.