JPH04145580A - Landscape planning system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily execute a planting plan by constituting a data base containing such information as selection, simulation, estimation, etc., required for making various kinds of plans to each tree and outputting planning drawings, etc., in the form of plans or purses and estimations, plans in the form of tables. CONSTITUTION:A tree data base 3 containing classification or selection information, simulation information, estimation, construction information, management information is provided to each tree. In addition, an input section 2 which inputs planting environments and, at the same time, designates and inputs the trees and locations to be planted, data processing section 1 which simulates planted environments, workability, easiness of management, costs, and facilities, and displaying section 5 which outputs the simulated results of the section 1 are provided. Therefore, landscape simulation can be enriched in corresponding to the time elapsed and four seasons and, not only a planting plan and landscape simulation, but also an integrated plan including construction, management, and water sprinkling facilities with their maintenance can be made easily.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a landscape design system for planning, designing, and managing planting.

[Conventional technology]

As the introduction of greenery becomes more active in urbanization, landscape design, which involves planning and designing the placement of plantings around buildings, is attracting attention. When arranging plants, it is important to consider whether they can be combined for various purposes, such as hedges, rows of trees, and lawns.If you plan these arrangements on paper, it is difficult to imagine how they will actually create the same environment. This is extremely difficult. Therefore, as a presentation in such cases, I draw a certain image and use it as a material when deciding on a plan.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, there are various types of trees, for example, those whose leaves turn red, those whose leaves fall, those whose leaves bloom, and those which bear fruit. Even with a lot of experience, it is difficult to imagine how things will grow and to create a design that matches that image. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by easily simulating seasonal changes, changes in several years ahead, etc., and creating a planting layout plan that takes into consideration ease of construction and management. The purpose is to provide an easy-to-use landscape design system.

[Means to solve the problem]

To this end, the present invention is a landscape planning system that plans, designs, and manages planting. Equipped with input means for specifying and inputting trees and locations for planting, data processing means for simulating post-transplant environment, workability, ease of management, cost, and equipment, and output means for outputting simulation results. It is characterized by: With the above configuration, it is possible not only to arrange the planting, but also to simulate changes in the four seasons and several years after transplanting, as well as to formulate transplant construction and management plans.

【Example】

Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the landscape design system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a tree database, where l is a data processing section, 2 is an input section, and 3 is a tree Characteristics database, 4 is planning data, 5
11 is an output section, 11 is a tree selection module, 12 is a growth simulation module, 13 is a four-season simulation module, 14 is an estimation/cost estimation module, 15 is a construction planning module, 16 is a management planning module, 17 is a watering equipment planning module, 18 is an input control module, 1
9 is an output control module, 20 is a weather database, 2
1 indicates product information (water faucet equipment capacity). In Fig. 1, the input unit 2 consists of a keyboard, a digitizer, and a mouse, and is used to input and specify the site shape, building shape, location conditions, study area, use, planning requirements, etc., for example, by selecting trees, and by simulating simulations. You can enter the number of years and months that have passed since completion, create estimates, create management plans, etc.
It is used to specify piping routes, etc. The data processing unit 1 includes processing modules (11 to 7) that perform processes such as tree selection, simulation, and planning, an input control module 18 that controls each processing module based on input information from the input unit 2, and an input control module 18 that controls each processing module using input information from the input unit 2. It is equipped with an output control module 19 etc. that outputs processed data. The output unit 5 includes a color display, a printer, and an XY plotter, and outputs information input and instructed from the input unit 2, information processed by each processing module of the data processing unit 1, tree database 3, planning data 4, etc. This is what is output. In this output process, the site shape, building shape, selected tree shape, color, etc. are developed into a plan view, elevation view, perspective view, perspective view, etc. according to the output format specification. Tree characteristic database 3 contains classification and selection information for each tree,
It consists of tree data including simulation information, cost estimation/construction information, management information, etc. As shown in Figure 2, each tree data includes tree name, classification tree, (evergreen tree,
(deciduous trees, coniferous trees), (large trees, medium-sized trees, shrubs), and for other things (bamboo, grass, etc.),
Suitable growing area, shape type, standard dimensions (tree height, trunk circumference, branching), growth coefficient, purpose (hedge, row of trees, symbol, etc.),
Flowering characteristics (standard flowering time, color, flowering pattern), autumnal characteristics (standard autumnal period, color), fruiting characteristics (standard fruiting period, fruiting pattern), defoliation characteristics (standard defoliation period), weather resistance characteristics (
Wet and dry suitability, shade tolerance, cold tolerance, monotidal, smoke damage resistance), growth coefficient correction value (precipitation, sunshine hours, temperature, salt damage, pollution correction value), pest and disease resistance (extermination period, chemical type) Tree selection and growth, including transplanting characteristics (appropriate time, amount of soil added), pruning characteristics (resistance to pruning, pruning time), fertilization characteristics (fertilizer type, fertilizer application time), cost estimation information (standard construction period, cost, support type), etc. It contains information necessary for seasonal simulations, estimates, construction plans, management plans, and equipment plans. The weather data 20 also includes information on regional characteristics such as the trajectory of the sun, the number of sunny days, and the period of snowfall. The product database 21 contains various instruments (
This includes information on water faucets, vibrators). The planning data is sequentially input from the input unit 2, and is processed in each processing module of the data processing unit 1 based on the specified data and the input data, including tree selection, growth and seasonal simulation, cost estimation/estimate, and construction planning. , management plan;
This is data such as equipment plans. Next, the contents of processing of each processing module of the data processing section will be explained. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the processing by the tree selection module, and FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the calculation of sunshine hours. In the tree selection module, as shown in Figure 3, first, the site shape, building shape, precipitation, land permeability, presence of salt damage, presence of pollution, presence of pests, latitude, longitude, vegetation classification, annual Enter location conditions such as rainfall and save these in planning data. Furthermore, specify the location, purpose, etc. When a location is specified, the latitude, longitude,
Calculate the sunshine hours by determining the sunny and shaded areas of the specified location from the solar trajectory, taking into account obstacles such as buildings, and then making corrections based on the number of sunny days referenced from the weather characteristics database. whether the area is suitable for growth, whether the sunlight hours match the tree's yin and yang preferences compared to the standard, whether the annual rainfall matches the tree's dry/wet preferences compared to the standard, and whether there is salt damage. Appropriate trees are searched for and candidates are displayed based on conditions such as whether they are monotidal or not, and whether they are smoke resistant or not if there is pollution. The tree selected from the candidates is then displayed in its standard dimensions at the time of transplantation, and modified as necessary. This standard dimension is
For example, the dimensions of tree height, trunk circumference, and branch coverage standardized by the Ministry of Construction are used. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the processing by the growth simulation module, FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the calculation of the growth coefficient, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of correction of display dimensions. In the growth simulation, as shown in FIG. 5, when the site shape, building shape, planting, location conditions, and number of years have passed are input, the dimensions of each tree are calculated every year to obtain the final dimensions. The size after N years is determined by: Size at time of transplant x growth coefficient PM, where P is the growth coefficient. In this case, the growth coefficient can be entered for each tree name or in a database tabulated for each tree name, for example, P+=
1.2, Pt=1.4, ...Pl. =3.0, . . . , or calculated using parameters stored in a database for each tree name. For example, the growth coefficient calculation formula is N≦N□8 Pu=1.0+(P, , 1.0) N>N, . If PH=P□1, the curve shown in Figure 6 (al) is obtained, and if the upper limit growth coefficient p,, t is 3.0 (3 times) and the number of years N m m, reaching the upper limit is 20, The values of k and n result in a growth coefficient as shown in the same figure (bl). After determining the dimensions in the standard state using the above growth coefficient, correction is performed based on the sunshine hours. In this correction, first,
As explained earlier, the sunlight hours of the target tree are calculated taking into account the influence of buildings and surrounding tall trees, and compared with the standard value, the dimensions are corrected to be larger if the conditions are good, or smaller if the conditions are bad. Furthermore, the dimensions are corrected depending on whether the land is included in the suitable growing area, annual rainfall, presence of salt damage, and presence of pollution. For example, if the correction coefficient is α (0≦α), then the tree size will be (current size - previous year size) x α ten years ago size or the corrected tree size, and the correction as shown in Figure 7 (al) will be made. , when the display method of the floor plan etc. is specified,
The shape parameters of each tree are read from the tree standard database, and as shown in Figure 7 (b) (C1), the shape is adjusted to the size after growth, the outer shape of the leaves is expanded in a similar shape, and the technique is in a certain pattern. It is repeatedly displayed together with buildings and grounds. Figure 8 is a diagram for explaining the processing by the four seasons simulation module, and Figure 9 is a diagram for explaining the creation of tree shape data. In the four seasons simulation, As shown in Figure 8, the standard condition of each tree in the specified month is searched based on the site shape, building shape, dimensions of each tree at the time of transplanting, etc. by specifying the season (month). For example, when the vegetation classification applicable to Tokyo is used as the standard,
It appears that the cherry blossoms in the vegetation classification that Sendai falls into will bloom 10 days later. Next, the shape and color of each tree are changed and displayed in perspective for each shape type as follows. First, the dimensions after the designated number of years are determined by the growth simulation described above. To generate tree shape data according to the season, only the trunk and branches are displayed for deciduous trees, the leaves change color to the specified color for autumn-leaved trees, and the specified color is displayed for trees that bloom or bear fruit. FIG. 10, which displays the shapes and patterns of flowers and fruits in different colors, is a diagram for explaining the processing of the cost estimation module. In cost estimation/estimate, when the planting plan is input, the tree type and
Sorting by size, referring to the unit price, presence or absence of supports, and amount of additional soil in the tree characteristic database, multiplying the numbers by each tree, and outputting a planting quantity table. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the construction planning module. In the construction plan, in order to understand the man-hours and process of planting work, information on planting classification (tall tree, midwater, shrub, bamboo, grass), location, suitable time for transplanting, dimensions at time of transplanting, and standards for planting work are included. Based on the entered tree inspection/approval, soil delivery, and transplant start/end dates, we tally up the required manpower for each tree by type of work and allocate it within the overall process. Then, for example, if the number of man-hours is large and the period is short, partial corrections are made to the process, such as assigning work to be concentrated during that period, and a process chart and the number of manpower input per day are output. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the management plan module. In the management plan, as shown in Figure 12, first, the standard pruning period, standard fertilization period and type, and pest and disease prevention treatment period and type of trees are referenced using tree characteristic data, and then deviations from the standard for the area are determined. In addition to correcting and making a list, the amount of work for each task of pruning, fertilization, and pest control is accumulated, and the annual management tasks for pruning, fertilization, and pest control are output as a list. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the sprinkler facility planning module. In watering equipment planning, as shown in Figure 13, once the location of water taps, piping routes, and the required amount of water for each area are entered in the floor plan, the area to be covered is displayed, and the optimal information is determined from the product information database. Select and display the appropriate equipment from the scattering radius and watering amount. Once the content is confirmed, the required amount of water to be sprinkled per water faucet and per piping route will be totaled. Furthermore, when the watering time schedule is input, the required watering amount per second is calculated, pressure loss etc. are calculated, and the nozzle diameter is calculated and output. Alternatively, by inputting the piping route and the water tap equipment, the position of the water tap that satisfies the required amount of water for each area and the necessary pipe diameter may be determined. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment,
Have you planned and explained the planting arrangement around the building and applied it to the landscape design, streets, landscaping,
Of course, it can also be applied to the planning, design, construction, and management of fruit tree cultivation, parks, and windbreak forests, as well as simulations of tree phase replacement.

【Effect of the invention】

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, information necessary for selection, simulation, estimation, and various plans for each tree is created in a database, and planning drawings, etc. are displayed as floor plans and berths, as well as estimates and plans. Since it is output in a table format, it is possible to enrich design studies, especially landscape simulations that correspond to the number of years that have passed and the seasons. In addition, it is easy to make integrated plans that include not only planting layout plans and landscape simulations, but also construction, management, and watering equipment planning, as well as maintenance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a landscape design system according to the present invention.

[Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a tree database.

[FIG. 3] A diagram for explaining processing by a tree selection module.

[Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining calculation of sunshine hours.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining processing by a growth simulation module.

[Figure 6] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining calculation of a growth coefficient.

[Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of correction of display dimensions.

[Fig. 8] A diagram for explaining processing by the four seasons simulation module.

[Figure 9] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining creation of tree shape data.

FIG. 1O is a diagram for explaining the processing of the cost estimation/estimate module.

[Figure 11] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining processing of a construction planning module.

[Figure 12] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining processing of a management plan module.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the watering equipment planning module.

[Explanation of symbols]

■ Data processing section 2 Human resources section 3 Tree database 4 Planning data 5 Output section 11 Tree selection module 12 Growth simulation module 13 Seasonal simulation module 14 Cost estimation module 15 Construction planning module 16 Management planning module 17 Watering equipment planning module! 8 Human power control module 19 Output control module Applicant Shimizu Corporation Sub-agent Patent attorney Ryukichi Abe (and 7 others) Procedural amendment speech and behavior type) May 1, 1991 1, Display of case 1990 patent Application No. 268105 2, Title of the invention Landscape planning system 3, Relationship to the amended person case Patent applicant address 2-16-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Name (229) Shimizu Corporation Representative Imamura Jisuke 4, Sub-Agent, Address: Saigakudo Building (7th floor), 1-18-11 Ueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo, Azusa Patent Office Shipping Office January 22, 1991

Claims (9)

[Claims] Claim 1: A landscape planning system for planning, designing, and managing planting, comprising information on the type and selection of each tree,
A database containing simulation information, cost estimation/construction information, and management information, an input means for inputting the planting environment and specifying and inputting the trees and positions to be planted, a data processing means for simulating the environment after transplantation, and a data processing means for simulating the environment after transplantation, A landscape planning system characterized by comprising an output means for outputting. [Claim 2] The database has information on classification, suitable growing area, usage, and weather resistance characteristics as selection information, and the data processing means searches for suitable trees by inputting site shape, location conditions, and usage and outputs a list. The landscape planning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The database includes shape types, standard dimensions, growth coefficients, and environment-dependent correction coefficients as simulation information, and the data processing means simulates growth after the number of years that have passed by inputting the number of years that have passed. The landscape planning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. The database includes, as simulation information, shape types, standard dimensions, growth coefficients, correction coefficients depending on the environment, and characteristic information that changes depending on the time, and the data processing means is configured to perform simulation information according to the time by specifying the time. 2. The landscape planning system according to claim 1, wherein the landscape planning system simulates changes caused by changes in the landscape. [Claim 5] The database includes the unit price, the presence or absence and type of supports, and the amount of additional soil as cost estimation/construction information, and the data processing means aggregates the construction cost, supports, and amount of additional soil, and outputs a list. A landscape planning system according to claim 1. 6. The database according to claim 1, wherein the database has a suitable period for transplantation and a standard construction period as construction information, and the data processing means aggregates the standard construction period for each type of construction and allocates the process. Landscape planning system. [Claim 7] The database has pruning time, fertilization time/type, and insect control time/type as construction/management information, and the data processing means outputs annual pruning, fertilization, and insect control management tasks in a list. 2. The landscape planning system according to claim 1. 8. The database according to claim 1, wherein the database has watering equipment capability as product information, and the data processing means calculates and outputs the position and pipe diameter of the watering faucet by inputting the piping route. Landscape planning system. 9. The database includes meteorological data such as solar trajectory, standard sunshine hours, standard rainfall amount, deviation from flowering standard,
2. The landscape planning system according to claim 1, further comprising information such as a period of snow cover.