JPH04132242U - differential device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] A small and lightweight planetary gear type that can obtain differential limiting force even when no torque is applied with a simple configuration that does not use a large-scale differential limiting device such as a multi-disc clutch. The purpose is to provide a differential device. [Structure] The differential device of this invention includes an internal gear, a sun gear, a pinion gear that meshes with these gears and is divided in the axial direction, and a pinion shaft that supports these pinion gears so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction. The present invention is characterized by comprising: a pinion carrier that supports both ends of the pinion shaft; and an urging member that is disposed between the pinion gears and presses the pinion gear toward the pinion carrier.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Industrial application field]

This invention relates to a planetary gear type differential device.

0002

[Conventional technology]

U. S. "DIFFERENTIAL MECHANISM" is described in Patent No. 2178613 has been done. This is a planetary gear type differential device, for example When placed on the axle, the rotation and revolution of the pinion gear creates a differential between the left and right wheels. Rotation is allowed to enable smooth turning.

0003 In addition to the ability to allow differential movement, planetary gear differentials also have a pin There is a differential limiting function based on the frictional resistance of the non-gear rotation. Therefore, on rough roads etc. When one of the wheels of the engine is spinning, this differential limiting function reduces the driving force of the engine to the other wheel. The signal is transmitted to the other wheel, improving drivability on rough roads.

0004

[Problem that the idea aims to solve]

However, this differential limiting force is applied only when engine torque is not applied to the differential device. Therefore, the differential limiting torque when no engine torque is applied is (hereinafter referred to as initial torque), and sufficient differential torque is not available during low-speed driving. I can't get the power to restrict it. However, to solve this problem, a multi-disc clutch is required. When a differential limiting device is installed, it becomes a large-scale project due to the addition of its fastening means, etc. The structure of the differential device becomes complicated, large and heavy.

[0005] Therefore, this idea was developed as a plastic that has a simple structure, is small and lightweight, and can obtain initial torque. The purpose is to provide a netary gear type differential device.

[0006]

[Means to solve the problem]

The differential device of this invention consists of an internal gear and an internal gear. , a sun gear, and a pinion gear that meshes with these gears and is divided in the axial direction. and a pinion system that supports these pinion gears in a rotatable and axially movable manner. a pinion shaft, a pinion carrier that supports both ends of the pinion shaft, and a pinion carrier that supports both ends of the pinion shaft; A biasing part that is placed between the pinion gears and presses the pinion gears toward the pinion carrier. It is characterized by having a material.

[0007]

[Effect]

The pinion gear is rotated by the biasing force of the biasing member placed between the pinion gears. The pinion gear rotates and revolves due to the frictional resistance generated. is braked, differential limiting force is generated, and initial torque is obtained. Also, pinion This initial torque is due to the differential limiting force due to frictional resistance between the gear and pinion shaft. is added, and a large differential limiting torque can be obtained.

[0008] Unlike devices that limit differential movement using multi-plate clutches, The device of this invention for arranging the force members has a simple structure, and is small and lightweight.

[0009]

【Example】

One embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. Figure 1 shows the differential lens of this example. Fig. 4 shows the power system of a vehicle using this differential device. vinegar. Hereinafter, the left and right directions are the left and right directions in this vehicle and in Figure 1, and the upper part in Figure 1 is This corresponds to the front of the vehicle (upper part of FIG. 4).

0010 First, the configuration of this power system will be explained with reference to FIG.

[0011] This power system consists of engine 1, transmission 3, left and right front wheels 5 and 7, Peller shaft 9, rear differential 11 (example differential device used on the rear wheel side) ), rear axles 13, 15, left and right rear wheels 17, 19, etc.

0012 Next, the rear differential 11 will be explained.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 4, the differential case 21 of the rear differential 11 is rotated inside the differential carrier 23. It is rotatably supported. A ring gear 25 is fixed to the differential case 21. , this ring gear 25 meshes with a drive pinion gear 27. drive pin The onion gear 27 is integrally formed at the rear end of the drive pinion shaft 29, The drive pinion shaft 29 is connected to the propeller shaft 9 side. like this The differential case 21 is rotationally driven by the driving force from the engine 1.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, left and right hubs 31 and 33 are coaxially arranged inside the differential case 21. It is placed. The left hub 31 is splined to the left rear axle 13, and the right hub 33 is spline connected to the right rear axle 15.

[0015] A planetary gear type differential mechanism 35 is arranged inside the differential case 21. Ru. This differential mechanism 35 has an internal gear 37 and an internal gear 37 that is divided into left and right parts. The outer pinion gears 39 and 41 mesh with the null gear 37, and the outer pinion gears 39 and 41 are arranged separately on the left and right. Pinion gears 39, 41 and inner pinion gears 43, 45 meshing with each other on the left and right sides. , and a sun gear 47 that meshes with these pinion gears 43 and 45. stomach The internal gear 37 is formed on the differential case 21, and the sun gear 47 is formed on the left hub 31. is formed.

[0016] The outer pinion gears 39, 41 are mounted on the pinion shaft 49 and also on the inner pinion gear. The gears 43 and 45 are mounted on the pinion shaft 51 and are rotatable and axially movable, respectively. Currently supported. Each pinion shaft 49, 51 is a left and right pinion carrier. It is fixed to 53 and 55 by caulking both ends. These pinion carriers 53, 55 are integrally connected. In addition, the pinion shafts 49 and 51 have a spiral on their outer periphery. A shaped oil groove 57 is provided to stabilize the rotation of each pinion gear 39, 41, 43, 45. It's set. As shown in FIG. 2, each pinion gear 39, 41, 43, 45 has four A set is provided.

[0017] Oil is sealed in the differential carrier 23, and this oil is contained in the differential case 21. With the rotation of the differential case 21, the differential lubricates gear meshing parts and sliding parts in the base 21.

[0018] A washer 63 is provided between the differential case 21 and the left hub 31. 3, and a washer 65 between the right carrier 55 and the differential case 21. 67 are respectively arranged. Also, the left pinion gears 39, 43 and the left key between the carrier 53 and between the right pinion gears 41, 45 and the right carrier 55. A washer 69 is arranged respectively.

[0019] Between the outer pinion gears 39 and 41 and between the inner pinion gears 43 and 45 are each equipped with two disc springs 71 (biasing members), and the left pinion gear 39 , 43 onto the left pinion carrier 53 through the washer 69, and Press the on gears 41, 45 onto the right pinion carrier 55 via the washer 69. It's on. Note that each pinion gear 39, 41, 43, 45 does not rotate relative to each other. Uneven wear due to the edges of the disc spring 71 does not occur.

[0020] In this way, the rear differential 11 is configured.

[0021] The differential case 21 (internal gear 37) is rotated by the driving force from the engine 1. When the rotation occurs, this rotation is transmitted to the sun gear 4 via pinion gears 39, 41, 43, 45. 7 (hub 31) and pinion carrier 55 (hub 33), the hub 31, 33 to the left and right rear wheels 17 and 19. Also, there is a difference in drive resistance on the rear wheel side. When this occurs, the rotation and revolution of each pinion gear 39, 41, 43, and 45 causes the sun gear to The rear wheel 47 and the pinion carrier 55 rotate differentially, and the driving force of the engine 1 is transmitted to the rear wheel 17. , 19.

[0022] On the other hand, each pinion gear 39, 41, 43, 45 and each pinion shaft 49, 5 1, rotational resistance is generated due to frictional force during torque transmission. Also, each pinion Disc springs are provided between the gears 39, 43, 41, 45 and each pinion carrier 53, 55. The urging force of 71 causes rotational resistance. These rotational resistances cause the pinion gear to The rotation and revolution of the wheels 39, 41, 43, and 45 are braked, and a differential limiting force is obtained.

[0023] This will be explained using the graph of FIG. Figure 3 shows the differential located on the axle. Rental device transfer ratio (the difference between the left and right shafts due to the differential limiting force) torque ratio), the vertical axis shows the left axis torque, and the horizontal axis shows the right axis torque. show. Left shaft torque is the differential limit of the differential device when the right rear wheel is spinning. This is the torque sent to the left wheel by force, and right-hand shaft torque is the torque sent to the left wheel when the left wheel is spinning. This is the torque sent to the right wheel in the same way. Also, the first quadrant is the first quadrant when the vehicle moves forward. Quadrant 3 is backward.

[0024] Graph 73 at 45° is the transfer ratio when the differential is free, and the difference is Since the dynamic limiting force is zero, the torque between the wheels is always equal and one wheel is completely idling. Then, the torque on the other side also becomes zero, indicating that it is not possible to escape from the rough road.

[0025] Moreover, the upper side of graph 73 is the area of left wheel side torque when the right wheel is idling, and the graph The area below 73 is the area of right wheel side torque when the left wheel is idling. All graph 73 The farther away from this point, the greater the differential limiting force.

[0026] Graphs 75 and 77 show the friction resistance only between the pinion gear and pinion shaft. This graph corresponds to the conventional example. In this case, the engine A large differential limiting force can be obtained when the driving force from the When the driving force of the engine is small, the frictional resistance is also small, and sufficient differential limiting force cannot be obtained. It will not be possible.

[0027] Graphs 79 and 81 show the transfer ratio of the rear differential 11. in this case , the differential limiting force of the disc spring 71 is added to the differential limiting force of graphs 75 and 77, and the differential limiting force is increased. Because a differential limiting force is generated, a large drive force distribution can be obtained for both the left and right axes, and in addition to this, Even when the engine output is zero, it remains constant due to the initial torque (Ti) generated by the disc spring 71. A differential limiting force of .

[0028] Therefore, even when driving at low speeds or during inertia driving at medium and high speeds, the differential between the rear wheels 17 and 19 is restricted to some extent, improving the straight-line stability of the vehicle. Also, the ability to escape from bad roads improves.

[0029] Also, even when turning without significant acceleration, the driving force on the outer wheel is increased due to the lifting of the inner wheel. Fluctuations are suppressed by the initial torque, allowing smooth and stable turning.

[0030] The differential device of this invention has a structure that achieves such differential limiting characteristics. It is simple to construct, small and lightweight.

[0031] Note that the example is an example in which the pinion gear is divided into two parts, but the pinion gear is divided into three parts. The above is fine. In addition, although the example is an example in which all the pinion gears are divided into two, It may be a part of the pinion gear. These things depend on the desired differential limiting characteristics. Just choose. In addition, in the embodiment, the internal gear and sun gear are connected to the outer and inner pins. It is a double pinion type connected by a nion gear, but this is a single pinion type. However, a double pinion or more is fine.

[0032]

[Effect of the idea]

The differential device of this invention is a planetary gear type differential. The device is a pinion carrier in which a biasing member is placed between divided pinion gears. Since the structure is configured so that a differential limiting force is generated due to frictional resistance between the At the same time, this frictional resistance is added to the frictional resistance with the pinion shaft. , the differential limiting force is strengthened accordingly. In addition, a pinion gear that does not rotate the biasing member relative to Because it is placed between the wheels, there is no wear between the gear and the pinion gear. In addition, the structure is simple, It is small and lightweight.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the characteristics of the example and the conventional example.

FIG. 4 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a power system of a vehicle using the embodiment of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Rear differential (differential device) 37 Internal gear 39, 41, 43, 45 pinion gear 47 Sun gear 49,51 Pinion shaft 53,55 Pinion carrier 71 Belleville spring (biasing member)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim 1: An internal gear, a sun gear, a pinion gear that meshes with these gears and is divided in the axial direction, a pinion shaft that rotatably and axially movably supports these pinion gears, and this pinion shaft. A differential device comprising: a pinion carrier that supports both ends of the pinion gear; and an urging member that is disposed between the pinion gears and presses the pinion gear toward the pinion carrier.