JPH04130804A - Linearized electric power amplifier - Google Patents
Linearized electric power amplifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04130804A JPH04130804A JP25006590A JP25006590A JPH04130804A JP H04130804 A JPH04130804 A JP H04130804A JP 25006590 A JP25006590 A JP 25006590A JP 25006590 A JP25006590 A JP 25006590A JP H04130804 A JPH04130804 A JP H04130804A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- output
- control signal
- variable
- terminal
- power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Amplifiers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は無線送信機に用いられる電力増幅器に関するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a power amplifier used in a wireless transmitter.
（従来の技術）
北米方式のディジタルセルラ自動車電話では、振幅情報
を忠実に再現しなくてはならないので線形電力増幅器が
必要である。この線形増幅器はＡ級バイアス電力増幅器
により得られるが、電力効率が最大でも２５％と低（、
電池駆動の携帯電話の場合通話時間が短くかつ発熱量が
多いことより機器の小型軽量化の大きな障害となる。(Prior Art) North American digital cellular car telephones require a linear power amplifier because amplitude information must be faithfully reproduced. This linear amplifier can be obtained using a class A bias power amplifier, but the power efficiency is as low as 25% at maximum (
In the case of battery-powered mobile phones, the talk time is short and the amount of heat generated is large, which poses a major obstacle to reducing the size and weight of the device.
そこで、包絡線帰還の手法を用いた線形化増幅器が提案
されていた。詳細は文献１
ｒ ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＩＣＳ ＬＥＴＴＥＲＳ ８ｔｈ
Ａｐｒｉｌ １９７１ Ｖｏｌ、７Ｎｏ、７ Ｐ、１
４５，１４６Ｊに示されるが簡単にその原理を第２図に
示して以下に説明する。Therefore, a linearization amplifier using an envelope feedback method has been proposed. For details, see Reference 1 r ELECTRONICS LETTERS 8th
April 1971 Vol, 7No, 7P, 1
45,146J, its principle is briefly shown in FIG. 2 and explained below.
第２図において、非線形増幅器１の出力の一部は出力カ
プラ７にて取り出されて、出力検波器３で検波され出力
包絡線信号が得られる。これは差動増幅器５の反転端子
に入力される。一方、人力信号の一部は入力カプラ６に
てその一部を取り出され、入力検波器４で検波された後
に入力信号包絡線信号として差動増幅器５の非反転端子
に入力される。差動増幅器５の出力は非線形増幅器１の
出力可変端子２に帰還電圧として印加される。゛よって
、入力と出力の振幅成分は常に差動増幅器で比較されて
おり、その誤差分を制御端子２にフィードバック電圧と
して印加し線形化が実行される。In FIG. 2, a part of the output of the nonlinear amplifier 1 is taken out by the output coupler 7 and detected by the output detector 3 to obtain an output envelope signal. This is input to the inverting terminal of the differential amplifier 5. On the other hand, a part of the human input signal is taken out by the input coupler 6, detected by the input detector 4, and then inputted to the non-inverting terminal of the differential amplifier 5 as an input signal envelope signal. The output of the differential amplifier 5 is applied to the variable output terminal 2 of the nonlinear amplifier 1 as a feedback voltage. Therefore, the amplitude components of the input and output are always compared by the differential amplifier, and the error is applied to the control terminal 2 as a feedback voltage to perform linearization.
この原理を利用したディジタルセルラ用線形化増幅器の
例としては文献２ ｒＣＨ２３７９−１／８９１０００
０１００１７＄１．００°１９８９ ＩＥＥＥ Ｐ、１
７，１８Ｊに開示（７）Ｃ級増幅器のコレクタに帰還電
圧を加えるものや文献３「信学技報Ｖｏ１．８９ Ｎｏ
、２５１ Ｐ、７〜Ｐ、１２Ｊに開示されているような
ドレインに帰還電圧を加えるものがあった。An example of a digital cellular linearization amplifier using this principle is Document 2 rCH2379-1/891000
010017$1.00°1989 IEEE P, 1
Disclosed in 7, 18J (7) Adding a feedback voltage to the collector of a class C amplifier and Document 3 “IEICE Technical Report Vol. 1.89 No.
, 251 P, 7-P, 12J, which apply a feedback voltage to the drain.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、上記従来の方法では文献２のようにＣ級
増幅器のコレクタ帰還とした場合増幅器自身が非常に不
安定であり、パルス除去用のフィルタの位相遅れが大き
いためループ発振に陥り易いという問題がある。また、
コレクタ電圧を可変させるのでコレクターベース間の帰
還容量が変化して、振幅により出力位相が変化するＡＭ
−ＰＭ変換歪みが発生する。さらに、５０ｄＢ以上にも
渡って出力電力を制御することは困難である。また、文
献３の方法においてもドレイン電圧に帰還させた場合Ａ
Ｍ−ＰＭ変換による歪みは太き（、電力制御範囲も高々
２０〜３０ｄＢ程度である。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above conventional method, when the collector feedback of a class C amplifier is used as in Document 2, the amplifier itself is very unstable, and the phase lag of the pulse removal filter is large. Therefore, there is a problem that loop oscillation is likely to occur. Also,
Since the collector voltage is varied, the feedback capacitance between the collector and base changes, and the output phase changes depending on the amplitude.
-PM conversion distortion occurs. Furthermore, it is difficult to control the output power over 50 dB or more. Also, in the method of Document 3, when feedback is applied to the drain voltage, A
The distortion caused by M-PM conversion is large (and the power control range is about 20 to 30 dB at most).
本発明はこれらの問題点を解決するためのもので、ルー
プ動作が安定であってＡＭ−ＰＭ変換量が少ない、かつ
消費電力を小さく抑えることができる線形化電力増幅器
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and aims to provide a linearized power amplifier that has stable loop operation, has a small amount of AM-PM conversion, and can keep power consumption low. do.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明は前記問題点を解決するために、包絡線帰還を用
いた線形化電力増幅器において、増幅素子としてのＦＥ
Ｔを複数段縦続接続して電力増幅器を構成し、各ＦＥＴ
の各ゲートを共通接続して帰還端子とし、かつ各ＦＥＴ
の各ドレインを共通接続して制御端子とし、電力増幅器
の出力は出力カプラ及び出力検波器を経て可変減衰器を
介して差動増幅器の反転端子に接続され、電力増幅器の
入力は入力カプラ及び入力検波器を経て差動増幅器の非
反転端子に接続され、差動増幅器の出力は帰還端子に帰
還され、制御端子には可変電圧源が接続されたことに特
徴がある。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a linearized power amplifier using envelope feedback using an FE as an amplification element.
Configure a power amplifier by cascading multiple Ts, and each FET
The gates of each FET are commonly connected to serve as a feedback terminal, and each FET
The drains of the power amplifier are connected in common to serve as a control terminal, the output of the power amplifier is connected to the inverting terminal of the differential amplifier via an output coupler and an output detector, and a variable attenuator, and the input of the power amplifier is connected to the input coupler and the input terminal. It is characterized in that it is connected to the non-inverting terminal of a differential amplifier via a wave detector, the output of the differential amplifier is fed back to the feedback terminal, and a variable voltage source is connected to the control terminal.
（作用）
以上のような回路構成を有する本発明によれば、電力制
御信号発生器からは可変減衰器及び可変電圧源に制御信
号が送られる。そして、電力制御信号発生器からの制御
信号に基づいて、可変減衰器の減衰量がステップ的に変
化し、かつ可変電圧源の出力電圧により制御端子の電圧
が出力電力レベルと連動して変化する。(Operation) According to the present invention having the circuit configuration as described above, a control signal is sent from the power control signal generator to the variable attenuator and the variable voltage source. Based on the control signal from the power control signal generator, the amount of attenuation of the variable attenuator changes stepwise, and the voltage at the control terminal changes in conjunction with the output power level due to the output voltage of the variable voltage source. .
従って、本発明は前記問題点を解決でき、ループ動作が
安定であってＡＭ−ＰＭ変換量が少ない、かつ消費電力
を小さ（抑えることができる線形化電力増幅器を提供で
きる。Therefore, the present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems, and can provide a linearized power amplifier with stable loop operation, a small amount of AM-PM conversion, and low power consumption.
（実施例） 以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す回路図である。同図か
られかるように、電力増幅器１０は三段のＦＥＴＩ、
２．３で構成されており、ゲートとドレインがＤＣカッ
ト用コンデンサを介して縦続接続されている。実際の増
幅器では他に整合回路等があるが、これらは省略してい
る。ＦＥＴのゲートは３つが連結され、１つの帰還端子
１７（電圧ｖｇ）となっており、同様にドレインも連結
されて制御端子１８（電圧ｖ６）となっている。電力増
幅器１０の出力は出力カプラ１１を介して出力検波器１
２と接続され、さらに可変減衰器１３を介して差動増幅
器１４の反転端子に接続される。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the power amplifier 10 has three stages of FETI,
2.3, the gate and drain are connected in cascade via a DC cut capacitor. In an actual amplifier, there are other matching circuits, but these are omitted. Three gates of the FET are connected to form one feedback terminal 17 (voltage vg), and the drains are similarly connected to form a control terminal 18 (voltage v6). The output of the power amplifier 10 is sent to the output detector 1 via the output coupler 11.
2, and further connected to the inverting terminal of the differential amplifier 14 via the variable attenuator 13.
入力端は入力カプラ１５及び入力検波器１６を経て差動
増幅器１４の非反転端子に接続されており、差動増幅器
１４の出力は帰還端子１７に帰還される。制御端子１８
には可変電圧源１９が接続されている。また、電力制卸
信号発生器２０からは可変減衰器１３及び可変電圧源１
９に制御信号が送られる。The input terminal is connected to a non-inverting terminal of a differential amplifier 14 via an input coupler 15 and an input detector 16, and the output of the differential amplifier 14 is fed back to a feedback terminal 17. Control terminal 18
A variable voltage source 19 is connected to. Further, from the power control signal generator 20, a variable attenuator 13 and a variable voltage source 1 are connected.
A control signal is sent to 9.
次に、本実施例の動作について説明する。なお、基本的
な動作は第２図の包絡線帰還影線形化増幅器と同様であ
る。以下、可変減衰器１３及び可変電圧源１９並びに電
力制御信号発生器２０について詳細に説明する。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. The basic operation is the same as that of the envelope feedback shadow linearization amplifier shown in FIG. The variable attenuator 13, variable voltage source 19, and power control signal generator 20 will be described in detail below.
自動車電話においては同一あるいは隣接チャネル間の干
渉や消費電力の低減のために基地局と端末無線機との距
離に応じて端末無線機の送信出力電力を４ｄＢステツプ
で６〜１１段階に制御している。出力電力を可変する方
法の１つとして可変減衰器１３を挿入してループ・ゲイ
ンを変える方法がある。ＣＰＵ等から構成される電力制
御信号発生器２０からの制御信号により可変減衰器１３
の減衰量がステップ的に変化することによって、電力制
御が実行される。可変電圧源１９の電圧■６の電圧も出
力電力レベルと連動して可変電圧源１９により変化させ
ることがある。電力増幅器１０の本来の持っている直線
性（大カー出力）が最適となるように電圧ｖ０を変化さ
せているのである。In car phones, in order to reduce interference and power consumption between the same or adjacent channels, the transmission output power of the terminal radio is controlled in 6 to 11 levels in 4 dB steps depending on the distance between the base station and the terminal radio. There is. One method of varying the output power is to insert a variable attenuator 13 to change the loop gain. The variable attenuator 13 is controlled by a control signal from a power control signal generator 20 composed of a CPU or the like.
Power control is performed by changing the amount of attenuation in steps. The voltage of the variable voltage source 19 (6) may also be changed by the variable voltage source 19 in conjunction with the output power level. The voltage v0 is changed so that the inherent linearity (large Kerr output) of the power amplifier 10 is optimized.
尚、ＦＥＴの段数は２〜４段程度が実用的であるが複数
であればよい。また、ＦＥＴはＭＯＳ形、接合形のいか
んを問わない。The number of stages of FETs is practically 2 to 4 stages, but a plurality of stages may be sufficient. Further, the FET may be of MOS type or junction type.
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、ＦＥＴゲートを
帰還端子としているため駆動電力がほとんどＯである。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, since the FET gate is used as the feedback terminal, the driving power is almost zero.
よって、スイッチング動作が不要となり、パルス除去用
フィルタが不要となる。これによりループ動作が安定す
る。また、トランジスタのコレクタやＦＥＴのドレイン
に帰還させる場合よりもＡＭ−ＰＭ変換量が少ない。さ
らに、複数段を制御しているので５０ｄＢ以上の広い範
囲で電力制御が可能である。また、電圧■６も制御電力
レベルに応じて可変するのでそれぞれのレベルで直線性
を最適化でき、電力レベルが小さいとき電圧■６どなる
ので消費電力を小さ（抑えることができる。Therefore, no switching operation is required, and no pulse removal filter is required. This stabilizes the loop operation. Further, the amount of AM-PM conversion is smaller than when feeding back to the collector of a transistor or the drain of an FET. Furthermore, since multiple stages are controlled, power control is possible over a wide range of 50 dB or more. In addition, since the voltage (6) is also variable according to the control power level, linearity can be optimized at each level, and when the power level is low, the voltage (6) increases, so power consumption can be reduced (suppressed).
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す回路図、第２図は従来
の包絡線帰還影線形化増幅器を示す回路図である。
１ ・ ・ ・
２ ・ ・ ・
３．１２・
４、１６・
５．１４・
６．１５・
７．１１・
１０・ ・ ・
１３・ ・ ・
１７・ ・ ・
１８・ ・ ・
１９・ ・ ・
２０・ ・ ・
非線形増幅器、
出力可変端子、
・・出力検波器、
・・入力検波器、
・・差動増幅器、
・・入力カプラ、
・・出力カプラ、
電力増幅器、
可変減衰器、
制御端子、
端子、
可変電圧源、
電力制御信号発生器。
従来例
第２図FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional envelope feedback shadow linearization amplifier. 1 ・ ・ ・ 2 ・ ・ 3.12 4, 16 5.14 6.15 7.11 10 ・ ・ 13 ・ 17 ・ ・ 18 ・ 19 ・ 20・ ・ Nonlinear amplifier, variable output terminal, ...output detector, ...input detector, ...differential amplifier, ...input coupler, ...output coupler, power amplifier, variable attenuator, control terminal, terminal, variable Voltage source, power control signal generator. Conventional example Figure 2
Claims (1)
器を構成し、 各ＦＥＴの各ゲートを共通接続して帰還端子とし、かつ
各ＦＥＴの各ドレインを共通接続して制御端子とし、 電力増幅器の出力は出力カプラ及び出力検波器を経て可
変減衰器を介して差動増幅器の反転端子に接続され、 電力増幅器の入力は入力カプラ及び入力検波器を経て差
動増幅器の非反転端子に接続され、差動増幅器の出力は
帰還端子に帰還され、 制御端子には可変電圧源が接続され、 電力制御信号発生器からは可変減衰器及び可変電圧源に
制御信号が送られ、電力制御信号発生器からの制御信号
に基づいて、可変減衰器の減衰量がステップ的に変化し
、かつ可変電圧源の出力電圧により制御端子の電圧が出
力電力レベルと連動して変化することを特徴とする線形
化電力増幅器。[Claims] In a linearized power amplifier using envelope feedback, the power amplifier is configured by cascading multiple stages of FETs as amplifying elements, and each gate of each FET is commonly connected to serve as a feedback terminal, The drains of each FET are commonly connected to serve as a control terminal, the output of the power amplifier is connected to the inverting terminal of the differential amplifier via an output coupler and an output detector, and a variable attenuator, and the input of the power amplifier is connected to the input terminal. It is connected to the non-inverting terminal of the differential amplifier via a coupler and input detector, the output of the differential amplifier is fed back to the feedback terminal, a variable voltage source is connected to the control terminal, and a variable attenuation signal is output from the power control signal generator. A control signal is sent to the power control signal generator and the variable voltage source, and the amount of attenuation of the variable attenuator is changed in steps based on the control signal from the power control signal generator, and the voltage at the control terminal is changed by the output voltage of the variable voltage source. A linearized power amplifier characterized in that: changes in conjunction with output power level.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25006590A JP2720591B2 (en) | 1990-09-21 | 1990-09-21 | Linearized power amplifier |
| US07/672,414 US5126688A (en) | 1990-03-20 | 1991-03-20 | Power amplifying apparatus for wireless transmitter |
| US07/744,393 US5182527A (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1991-08-13 | Power amplifying apparatus for wireless transmitter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25006590A JP2720591B2 (en) | 1990-09-21 | 1990-09-21 | Linearized power amplifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04130804A true JPH04130804A (en) | 1992-05-01 |
| JP2720591B2 JP2720591B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 |
Family
ID=17202282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25006590A Expired - Lifetime JP2720591B2 (en) | 1990-03-20 | 1990-09-21 | Linearized power amplifier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2720591B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5909643A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1999-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Transmitter power varying device having a bypass line for a power amplifier |
| JP2001284972A (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-12 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | High frequency signal amplifier and portable telephone set |
| CN1121626C (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 2003-09-17 | 富士通株式会社 | Controller for controlling light-changable attenuator |
| US8079294B2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2011-12-20 | Makita Corporation | Support leg devices and cutting tools having the support leg devices |
-
1990
- 1990-09-21 JP JP25006590A patent/JP2720591B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5909643A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1999-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Transmitter power varying device having a bypass line for a power amplifier |
| CN1121626C (en) * | 1996-05-02 | 2003-09-17 | 富士通株式会社 | Controller for controlling light-changable attenuator |
| JP2001284972A (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-12 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | High frequency signal amplifier and portable telephone set |
| US8079294B2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2011-12-20 | Makita Corporation | Support leg devices and cutting tools having the support leg devices |
| US8424433B2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2013-04-23 | Makita Corporation | Support leg devices and cutting tools having the support leg devices |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2720591B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 |
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