JPH04130058U - Transparent smoke meter - Google Patents

Transparent smoke meter

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Publication number
JPH04130058U
JPH04130058U JP4557391U JP4557391U JPH04130058U JP H04130058 U JPH04130058 U JP H04130058U JP 4557391 U JP4557391 U JP 4557391U JP 4557391 U JP4557391 U JP 4557391U JP H04130058 U JPH04130058 U JP H04130058U
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
light
receiving element
light receiving
emitting element
smoke
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
JP4557391U
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
順 市川
政之 和泉
Original Assignee
日野自動車工業株式会社
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Priority to JP4557391U priority Critical patent/JPH04130058U/en
Publication of JPH04130058U publication Critical patent/JPH04130058U/en
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 黒煙のみならず白煙の濃度を周囲温度、電源
電圧等の変動があっても正確に測定する。 【構成】 発光素子12から所定の間隔をあけて発光素
子12に対向して第1受光素子21が設けられ、発光素
子12と第1受光素子21との間に排煙14が通過し、
第1受光素子21が受けた光量に応じて排煙14濃度を
測定する。第1受光素子21に近接して設けられた第2
受光素子22が発光素子12の発した光を受けないよう
に暗箱16に内蔵され、発光素子12が発した光を排煙
14内を通過させずに鏡17を介して受ける位置に第3
受光素子23が設けられ、第1受光素子21の検出した
検出値が第2及び第3受光素子22,23の検出した検
出値により補正される。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] Accurately measure the concentration of not only black smoke but also white smoke even when there are fluctuations in ambient temperature, power supply voltage, etc. [Structure] A first light receiving element 21 is provided facing the light emitting element 12 at a predetermined distance from the light emitting element 12, and exhaust smoke 14 passes between the light emitting element 12 and the first light receiving element 21.
The concentration of the flue gas 14 is measured according to the amount of light received by the first light receiving element 21. A second light receiving element provided close to the first light receiving element 21
The light receiving element 22 is housed in the dark box 16 so as not to receive the light emitted by the light emitting element 12, and a third light receiving element 22 is placed in a position where the light emitted by the light emitting element 12 is received via the mirror 17 without passing through the smoke exhaust 14.
A light receiving element 23 is provided, and the detection value detected by the first light receiving element 21 is corrected by the detection values detected by the second and third light receiving elements 22 and 23.

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】[Detailed explanation of the idea]

【0001】0001

【産業上の利用分野】[Industrial application field]

本考案は排煙濃度を測定する光透過式スモークメータに関する。更に詳しくは ディーゼルエンジンから排出される白煙の濃度を測定するのに適した光透過式ス モークメータに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a light transmission type smoke meter for measuring exhaust gas concentration. For more details A light transmitting screen suitable for measuring the concentration of white smoke emitted from diesel engines. It is related to the Morchmeter.

【0002】0002

【従来の技術】[Conventional technology]

従来、濃度のランクが2以上の排煙濃度の測定は目視により行われ、ディーゼ ル自動車から排出される黒煙のようにその濃度のランクが0から1までの範囲に ある排煙濃度の測定は反射式スモークメータにて行われている。反射式スモーク メータは、ポンプにより一定量吸込まれたディーゼルエンジンの排気黒煙がろ紙 に補集され、その汚染されたろ紙をフォトセル・アダプタの発光素子によってそ の汚染面が照射され、その反射光の強さが受光素子により測定されて表示器にそ の汚染度が表示されるように構成される。 Conventionally, measurement of flue gas concentration with a concentration rank of 2 or higher was done visually. The concentration rank ranges from 0 to 1, like the black smoke emitted from automobiles. Some flue gas concentration measurements are performed using reflective smoke meters. reflective smoke The meter is a filter paper that collects a certain amount of diesel engine exhaust smoke that is sucked in by the pump. The contaminated filter paper is then collected by the light emitting element of the photocell adapter. The contaminated surface of The level of contamination is displayed.

【0003】 しかし、上記反射式スモークメータではディーゼルエンジンから排出される黒 煙の濃度の測定には適しているが、ディーゼルエンジンから排出される白煙の濃 度を測定できない問題点があった。0003 However, with the reflective smoke meter mentioned above, the black smoke emitted from the diesel engine Although it is suitable for measuring the concentration of smoke, it is difficult to measure the concentration of white smoke emitted from diesel engines. There was a problem that the degree could not be measured.

【0004】 この点を解消するために、発光素子から所定の間隔をあけて発光素子に対向し て第1受光素子が設けられ、発光素子と受光素子との間に排煙が通過し、受光素 子の受光量に応じて排煙濃度を測定するように構成された光透過式スモークメー タが知られている。0004 In order to solve this problem, a light-emitting element is placed facing the light-emitting element at a predetermined distance from the light-emitting element. A first light-receiving element is provided, and exhaust smoke passes between the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element. A light-transmitting smoke meter configured to measure exhaust smoke concentration according to the amount of light received by the sensor. ta is known.

【0005】[0005]

【考案が解決しようとする課題】[Problem that the idea aims to solve]

しかし、上記光透過式スモークメータの受光素子はその周囲の温度が変化する と、実際の排煙濃度が一定であってもその検出値が変化して正確な排煙濃度を測 定できない不具合があった。また発光素子の発する光量がその電源電圧等の変化 や発光素子の寿命により変化すると、実際の排煙濃度が一定であるにも拘らず受 光素子の検出値が変化して正確な排煙濃度を測定できない問題点があった。 However, the light-receiving element of the above-mentioned light transmission type smoke meter is subject to changes in the surrounding temperature. Even if the actual flue gas concentration is constant, the detected value changes, making it difficult to accurately measure the flue gas concentration. There was a problem that could not be determined. In addition, the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element may change due to changes in its power supply voltage, etc. Even though the actual flue gas concentration is constant, the received There was a problem in that the detection value of the optical element changed, making it impossible to accurately measure the flue gas concentration.

【0006】 本考案の目的は、黒煙のみならず白煙の濃度を周囲温度、電源電圧等の変動が あっても正確に測定できる光透過式スモークメータを提供することにある。[0006] The purpose of this invention is to control the concentration of not only black smoke but also white smoke by controlling fluctuations in ambient temperature, power supply voltage, etc. To provide a light transmission type smoke meter that can accurately measure even if the smoke is present.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】[Means to solve the problem]

上記目的を達成するための本考案の構成を、実施例に対応する図1を用いて説 明する。 本考案は、発光素子12から所定の間隔をあけて発光素子12に対向して第1 受光素子21が設けられ、発光素子12と第1受光素子21との間に排煙14が 通過し第1受光素子21の受光量に応じて排煙14濃度を測定するように構成さ れた光透過式スモークメータの改良である。 その特徴ある構成は、第1受光素子21に近接して設けられかつ発光素子12 が発した光を受けないように暗箱16に内蔵された第2受光素子22と、発光素 子12が発した光を排煙14内を通過させずに受ける位置に設けられた第3受光 素子23とを備えたところにある。 また、この光透過式スモークメータ11は第2受光素子22又は第3受光素子 23のいずれか一方のみを備えることができる。 The configuration of the present invention to achieve the above object will be explained using FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. I will clarify. In the present invention, the first light emitting element 12 is arranged opposite to the light emitting element 12 at a predetermined distance from the light emitting element 12. A light receiving element 21 is provided, and exhaust smoke 14 is disposed between the light emitting element 12 and the first light receiving element 21. The exhaust smoke 14 concentration is measured according to the amount of light received by the first light receiving element 21. This is an improvement of the light transmission type smoke meter. Its characteristic configuration is that the light emitting element 12 is provided close to the first light receiving element 21 and The second light-receiving element 22 is built into the dark box 16 so as not to receive the light emitted by the light-emitting element. A third light receiver provided at a position where the light emitted by the child 12 is received without passing through the smoke exhaust 14. The device 23 is provided with the element 23. Moreover, this light transmission type smoke meter 11 has a second light receiving element 22 or a third light receiving element. Only one of 23 can be provided.

【0008】[0008]

【作用】[Effect]

第1受光素子21の周囲の温度が変化すると、第1受光素子21の検出した検 出値から第1受光素子21とほぼ同様に温度変化する第2受光素子22の検出し た検出値が減算され、第1受光素子21の検出値は第1の補正がなされる。また 発光素子12の発光量が変化すると、発光素子12の所定の発光量に対して第3 受光素子23の検出する検出値である基準値と第3受光素子23の実際の検出し た検出値との偏差が第1受光素子21の検出した検出値に加減算され、第1受光 素子21の検出値は第2の補正がなされる。 When the temperature around the first light receiving element 21 changes, the detection value detected by the first light receiving element 21 changes. Detection of the second light receiving element 22 whose temperature changes in almost the same way as the first light receiving element 21 from the output value. The detected value of the first light receiving element 21 is subtracted, and the detected value of the first light receiving element 21 is subjected to a first correction. Also When the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element 12 changes, the third The reference value which is the detection value detected by the light receiving element 23 and the actual detection value of the third light receiving element 23 The deviation from the detected value detected by the first light receiving element 21 is added or subtracted from the detected value detected by the first light receiving element 21. The detected value of the element 21 is subjected to a second correction.

【0009】[0009]

【実施例】【Example】

次に本考案の一実施例を図面に基づいて詳しく説明する。 図1に示すように、光透過式スモークメータ11は発光素子12とこの発光素 子12から所定の間隔をあけて発光素子12に対向して設けられた第1受光素子 21とを備える。発光素子12は第1受光素子21に対向する壁に開口部31a が形成された第1ケース31に内蔵され、第1受光素子21は発光素子12に対 向する壁に開口部32aが形成された第2ケース32に内蔵される。発光素子1 2と第1受光素子21との間には煙道13から排出された排煙14が通過するよ うに構成され、排煙14はこの例では自動車のディーゼルエンジンから排出され た白煙である。 Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the light transmission type smoke meter 11 includes a light emitting element 12 and a first light receiving element provided facing the light emitting element 12 at a predetermined distance from the child 12; 21. The light emitting element 12 has an opening 31a in the wall facing the first light receiving element 21. The first light-receiving element 21 is built in a first case 31 formed with a It is housed in a second case 32 that has an opening 32a formed in the wall facing the camera. Light emitting element 1 2 and the first light receiving element 21 so that the flue gas 14 discharged from the flue 13 passes. In this example, the exhaust gas 14 is emitted from a diesel engine of a car. It was white smoke.

【0010】 第2ケース32に外接して設けられた暗箱16には第2受光素子22が内蔵さ れ、暗箱16は第2受光素子22が発光素子12の発した光を受けないように形 成される。また第1ケース31には発光素子12が発した光を鏡17を介して受 ける第3受光素子23が内蔵され、第3受光素子23が鏡17を介した光のみを 受けるように発光素子12は遮光筒18により被包される。発光素子12はこの 例ではタングステンランプ又はネオンランプであり、第1、第2及び第3受光素 子21,22,23はこの例ではCdS、CdSe又はPbS等の多結晶をベー スとした光導電素子である。また発光素子12は電源19に接続される。0010 The second light-receiving element 22 is built into the dark box 16 provided in the circumference of the second case 32. The dark box 16 is shaped so that the second light receiving element 22 does not receive the light emitted by the light emitting element 12. will be accomplished. Also, the first case 31 receives the light emitted by the light emitting element 12 via the mirror 17. A third light-receiving element 23 is built-in, and the third light-receiving element 23 receives only the light that passes through the mirror 17. The light emitting element 12 is covered with a light shielding tube 18 so as to receive the light emitting element 12 . The light emitting element 12 is An example is a tungsten lamp or a neon lamp, and the first, second and third light receiving elements In this example, the elements 21, 22, and 23 are based on polycrystals such as CdS, CdSe, or PbS. It is a photoconductive element with a low temperature. Further, the light emitting element 12 is connected to a power source 19.

【0011】 第1、第2及び第3受光素子21,22,23の検出出力はコントローラ24 の入力インタフェース25を介して比較回路26に接続され、比較回路26には 増幅回路27及び出力インタフェース28を介して表示器33が接続される。ま た比較回路26にはメモリ29が接続され、メモリ29には発光素子12の所定 の発光量に対して第3受光素子23の検出する検出値である基準値が記憶される 。比較回路26は第1受光素子21及び第2受光素子22の検出したそれぞれの 検出値に基づいて演算し、第1受光素子21の検出値は第1の補正がなされるよ うになっている。また比較回路26は上記基準値及び第3受光素子23の検出し た実際の検出値に基づいて演算し、第1受光素子21の検出値は第2の補正がな されるようになっている。表示器33には発光素子12が発した光を完全透過す るときを0%、完全不透過するときを100%とした不透過率を百分率で表した 排煙濃度が表示されるようになっている。 また図2は時間の経過に対する排煙濃度の変化を示し、図中において実線が補 正される前の排煙濃度の変化を示し、破線が第1の補正がなされた排煙濃度の変 化を示し、一点鎖線が更に第2の補正がなされた排煙濃度の変化を示す。[0011] The detection outputs of the first, second and third light receiving elements 21, 22, 23 are transmitted to the controller 24. is connected to the comparator circuit 26 via the input interface 25 of the comparator circuit 26. A display 33 is connected via the amplifier circuit 27 and output interface 28 . Ma A memory 29 is connected to the comparison circuit 26, and the memory 29 has a predetermined value of the light emitting element 12. A reference value, which is a detection value detected by the third light receiving element 23, is stored for the amount of light emitted. . The comparison circuit 26 detects each of the first light receiving element 21 and the second light receiving element 22. The calculation is performed based on the detected value, and the detected value of the first light receiving element 21 is subjected to the first correction. The sea urchin is turning. Further, the comparison circuit 26 detects the above reference value and the third light receiving element 23. The detected value of the first light receiving element 21 is calculated based on the actual detected value, and the detected value of the first light receiving element 21 is calculated without the second correction. It is supposed to be done. The display 33 is completely transparent to the light emitted by the light emitting element 12. The opacity is expressed as a percentage, with 0% when it is completely opaque and 100% when it is completely opaque. The exhaust smoke concentration is now displayed. Figure 2 also shows the change in flue gas concentration over time, and the solid line in the figure shows the compensation. The dashed line shows the change in flue gas concentration before the first correction. The one-dot chain line shows the change in the exhaust gas concentration after the second correction.

【0012】 このように構成された光透過式スモークメータの動作を図1及び図2に基づい て説明する。 第1受光素子21の周囲の温度が変化すると、第2受光素子22の周囲の温度 も第1受光素子21とほぼ同様に変化する。比較回路26は第1受光素子21の 検出した検出値から第2受光素子22の検出した検出値を減算し、第1受光素子 21の検出値は図2の破線で示すように第1の補正がなされる。また電源19の 電圧等の変化により発光素子12の発光量が変化すると、比較回路26はメモリ 29に記憶された基準値と第3受光素子23の実際に検出した検出値との偏差が 第1受光素子21の検出した検出値に加算又は減算され、第1受光素子21の検 出値は図2の一点鎖線で示すように更に第2の補正がなされる。このように補正 された第1受光素子21の検出値は増幅回路27及び出力インタフェース28を 介して表示器33に排煙濃度として表示される。この結果、表示器33には常に 正確な排煙濃度が表示される。0012 The operation of the light transmission type smoke meter configured in this way is explained based on Figs. 1 and 2. I will explain. When the temperature around the first light receiving element 21 changes, the temperature around the second light receiving element 22 changes. also changes in substantially the same way as the first light receiving element 21. The comparison circuit 26 is connected to the first light receiving element 21. The detection value detected by the second light receiving element 22 is subtracted from the detected value, and the detection value detected by the first light receiving element 22 is subtracted from the detected value. The detected value No. 21 is subjected to a first correction as shown by the broken line in FIG. Also, power supply 19 When the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element 12 changes due to a change in voltage, etc., the comparison circuit 26 The deviation between the reference value stored in 29 and the detected value actually detected by the third light receiving element 23 is The detection value detected by the first light receiving element 21 is added to or subtracted from the detected value detected by the first light receiving element 21. The output value is further subjected to a second correction as shown by the dashed line in FIG. Correct like this The detected value of the first light receiving element 21 is sent to the amplifier circuit 27 and the output interface 28. It is displayed on the display 33 as the exhaust gas concentration. As a result, the display 33 always shows Accurate smoke concentration is displayed.

【0013】 なお、実施例では第2受光素子及び第3受光素子の双方を用いて第1受光素子 の検出値を補正したが、これは一例であって第1受光素子の温度を常に一定にす ることができれば第2受光素子を用いずに第3受光素子のみでよく、発光素子が 常に一定の光量を発するようにできれば第3受光素子を用いずに第2受光素子の みでよい。 また、実施例では発光素子としてタングステンランプ又はネオンランプを挙げ たが、これに限らず電気エネルギを光エネルギに変換する素子であれば発光ダイ オード又はその他の素子でもよい。 また、実施例では受光素子としてCdS、CdSe又はPbS等の多結晶をベ ースとした光導電素子を挙げたが、光エネルギを電気エネルギに変換する素子で あればフォトダイオードやフォトトランジスタ等の光起電力素子でもよい。 更に、実施例ではディーゼルエンジンの排出する白煙の濃度を検出したが、デ ィーゼルエンジンの排出する黒煙の濃度又はその他の排煙濃度を検出してもよい 。[0013] In the example, both the second light receiving element and the third light receiving element are used to detect the first light receiving element. The detected value of If possible, only the third light-receiving element may be used without using the second light-receiving element, and the light-emitting element may be If it is possible to always emit a constant amount of light, the second light receiving element can be used without using the third light receiving element. It's good to see. In addition, in the examples, a tungsten lamp or a neon lamp is used as a light emitting element. However, it is not limited to this, and any element that converts electrical energy into light energy can be used as a light emitting diode. It may also be an ode or other element. In addition, in the examples, a polycrystalline material such as CdS, CdSe, or PbS is used as the light receiving element. Although we have mentioned the photoconductive element as a base, it is an element that converts light energy into electrical energy. If available, a photovoltaic element such as a photodiode or a phototransistor may be used. Furthermore, in the example, the concentration of white smoke emitted by a diesel engine was detected; The concentration of black smoke emitted by a diesel engine or other exhaust smoke may also be detected. .

【0014】[0014]

【考案の効果】[Effect of the idea]

以上述べたように、本考案によれば、発光素子から所定の間隔をあけて発光素 子に対向して第1受光素子が設けられ、発光素子と第1受光素子との間に排煙が 通過し、第1受光素子が受けた光量に応じて排煙濃度を測定し、第1受光素子に 近接して設けられた第2受光素子が発光素子の発した光を受けないように暗箱に 内蔵され、発光素子が発した光を排煙内を通過させずに直接受ける位置に第3受 光素子が設けられたので、光透過式スモークメータに起因する誤差が補正され、 排煙の濃度を正確に測定することができる。この光透過式スモークメータは反射 式スモークメータでは測定できない白煙の濃度の検出に適している。 As described above, according to the present invention, the light emitting element is spaced apart from the light emitting element by a predetermined distance. A first light-receiving element is provided opposite to the light-emitting element, and exhaust smoke is disposed between the light-emitting element and the first light-receiving element. The flue gas concentration is measured according to the amount of light received by the first light-receiving element. Place it in a dark box so that the second light-receiving element installed nearby does not receive the light emitted by the light-emitting element. Built-in, there is a third receiver located at a position where the light emitted by the light emitting element is directly received without passing through the smoke exhaust. Since the optical element is installed, the error caused by the light transmission type smoke meter is corrected, The concentration of flue gas can be measured accurately. This light transmission type smoke meter is reflective Suitable for detecting the concentration of white smoke that cannot be measured with a type smoke meter.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

【図1】本考案一実施例の光透過式スモークメータの構
成図。
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a light transmission type smoke meter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】時間の経過に対する排煙濃度の変化を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing changes in exhaust gas concentration over time.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

11 光透過式スモークメータ 12 発光素子 14 排煙 16 暗箱 21 第1受光素子 22 第2受光素子 23 第3受光素子 11 Light transmission type smoke meter 12 Light emitting element 14 Smoke exhaust 16 Dark box 21 First light receiving element 22 Second light receiving element 23 Third light receiving element

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 【請求項1】 発光素子(12)から所定の間隔をあけて前
記発光素子(12)に対向して第1受光素子(21)が設けら
れ、前記発光素子(12)と前記第1受光素子(21)との間に
排煙(14)が通過し前記第1受光素子(21)の受光量に応じ
て前記排煙(14)濃度を測定するように構成された光透過
式スモークメータにおいて、前記第1受光素子(21)に近
接して設けられかつ前記発光素子(12)が発した光を受け
ないように暗箱(16)に内蔵された第2受光素子(22)又は
前記発光素子(12)が発した光を前記排煙(14)内を通過さ
せずに受ける位置に設けられた第3受光素子(23)のいず
れか一方又は双方を備えたことを特徴とする光透過式ス
モークメータ。
1. A first light-receiving element (21) is provided opposite the light-emitting element (12) at a predetermined distance from the light-emitting element (12), and the light-emitting element (12) and the first light-receiving element (21), and is configured to allow flue gas (14) to pass between the light receiving element (21) and measure the concentration of the flue gas (14) according to the amount of light received by the first light receiving element (21). , a second light-receiving element (22) or the light-emitting element that is provided close to the first light-receiving element (21) and built in a dark box (16) so as not to receive the light emitted by the light-emitting element (12); A light transmission type characterized by comprising either one or both of the third light receiving element (23) provided at a position to receive the light emitted by (12) without passing through the smoke exhaust (14). smoke meter.
JP4557391U 1991-05-21 1991-05-21 Transparent smoke meter Pending JPH04130058U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4557391U JPH04130058U (en) 1991-05-21 1991-05-21 Transparent smoke meter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4557391U JPH04130058U (en) 1991-05-21 1991-05-21 Transparent smoke meter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04130058U true JPH04130058U (en) 1992-11-30

Family

ID=31925403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4557391U Pending JPH04130058U (en) 1991-05-21 1991-05-21 Transparent smoke meter

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH04130058U (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101694079B1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-01-09 대전대학교 산학협력단 Apparatus for measuring the optical smoke density by light extinction method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63124935A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-05-28 Hochiki Corp Dimming type smoke sensor
JPH01105134A (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-04-21 Komatsugawa Kakoki Kk Photometric device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63124935A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-05-28 Hochiki Corp Dimming type smoke sensor
JPH01105134A (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-04-21 Komatsugawa Kakoki Kk Photometric device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101694079B1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-01-09 대전대학교 산학협력단 Apparatus for measuring the optical smoke density by light extinction method

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