JPH04126994A - Heat transfer device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a compact facility having high energy storage density by providing an operation controller for controlling to satisfy flowrate control characteristic necessary for a system at the time of failure of a power source such as a power converter, etc. CONSTITUTION:An operation controller 9 has a battery 10 a stationary type power converter 11 for converting electric energy to power necessary for a motor 3, and a controller 12 for detecting power interruption of a bus 7 of a power source 6 to control the converter 11 to become a predetermined flowrate attenuating characteristic. If the source 6 is interrupted, a pump 2 and the motor 3 are gradually decelerated by its inertial moment and fluid inertia, and its flow rate is also attenuated. Simultaneously, the interruption of the source 6 is detected, a switch 8 is opened to disconnect the source 6 from the motor 3 and the controller 9. The motor 3 is so driven as to supply or absorb power to the motor 3 from the battery 10 while controlling or to obtain predetermined flowrate control characteristic by control amount 17 of a system side or simple flowrate-time characteristic by the controller 12 from the converter 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a heat transfer device that has an operation control device that controls a power device that drives a heat medium, such as a pump or fan.

(Prior Art) A rotating mechanism (including a power unit) such as a pump or fan of a heat transfer device has a unique moment of inertia determined by its shape and weight. Similarly, fluids such as gas and liquid driven by pumps, fans, etc. also have inertia.

Due to these moments of inertia, even when the driving energy of the power device is cut off, the liquid does not come to rest immediately, but gradually attenuates and stops flowing due to a time delay determined by inertia and resistance of the piping system.

The property that the liquid does not stand still immediately due to such a phenomenon may be an obstacle or an advantage when configuring equipment.

For example, if a leak occurs in the piping on the outlet side of a pump, even if the leak is detected and the electric motor that powers the pump is immediately turned off, the flow will not stop immediately due to the inertia of the pump and fluid. Therefore, the amount corresponding to the time delay will flow out from the leakage port of the piping. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the inertia.

Next, consider the case of a heat transfer device such as an electric furnace.

In FIG. 4, heat is generated in an electric furnace 41 and a pump 4
A coolant 44 such as water driven by 2 is used as thermal energy to be extracted to a heat exchanger 45 and utilized.

In this case, if the power supply of the electric motor 43, which is the power device of the pump 42, is suddenly lost due to a power outage, the electric furnace 43
] to suppress the generation of heat, but if the flow rate of the coolant 44 attenuates quickly, the residual heat in the electric furnace 41 will be absorbed by the coolant 44.
4, the electric furnace 41 is temporarily heated to a high temperature and damaged.

Moment of inertia of pump 42 and electric motor 43 and coolant 4
By increasing the inertia of the electric furnace 41, the attenuation of the flow rate of the coolant 44 can be delayed, a temporary temperature rise in the electric furnace 41 can be prevented, and damage to the furnace can be prevented. In other words, the transient temperature rise of the electric furnace 41 can be traded off with the inertia of the heat transfer device, and by appropriately designing the heat resistance characteristics of the furnace and the distribution of the inertia of the heat transfer device, an economical and highly reliable Can configure the system.

If the inertia of the heat transfer device is extremely large, if the electric furnace 41 is stopped immediately, the furnace will be cooled down rapidly, and there is a risk of damage due to a sudden change in temperature. In this case as well, it is necessary to appropriately design the distribution of the thermal transient capacity of the furnace and the inertia of the heat transfer device.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, the time when the power supply to the electric motor 43 is lost is t. It shows the relationship between the closing time, the flow rate of the coolant 44, and the internal temperature of the electric furnace 41. If the inertia of the heat transfer device is increased and the attenuation of the flow rate is decreased, the electric furnace 4
] The internal peak temperature will be lower and the temperature drop will be faster.

When setting the inertia of the heat transfer device to the required value, it is difficult to increase the inertia of the fluid because it is generally small and due to limitations in equipment design and layout. The old construction method is to secure the moment.

In this case as well, if it is necessary to reduce the amount of outflow in the event of pipe leakage, it is necessary to reduce the moment of inertia, and the moment of inertia of the heat transfer device is determined by taking both factors into account. This occurs because, since the moment of inertia of the heat transfer device is achieved by mechanical means, it is difficult to precisely control the magnitude of the inertia or the above-mentioned effects of the moment of inertia.

Second, let's consider the heat transfer device of a nuclear reactor. In general, nuclear reactors are designed to have negative reactivity, so that they can maintain negative reactivity against any event such as earthquakes or temperature changes, ensuring the inherent safety of nuclear reactors.

In the event of a reactor abnormality, control rods are rapidly inserted.

At this time, in order to control the transient temperature change of the heat medium of the heat transfer device at the reactor core entrance/exit where the control rod is inserted,
The flow rate of the heat transfer device needs to decrease relatively quickly.

However, control rod insertion failure (A
TWS), the flow rate reduction characteristic of a normal heat transfer device causes the temperature of the heating medium to rise rapidly, and depending on the structure of the reactor, the reactivity may become positive, and the thermal transient caused by the temperature rise may cause the atomic This may cause damage to the furnace or fuel.

In such a case, a flow rate reduction characteristic that is extremely gentler than that of a normal heat transfer device is required. If such events are taken into consideration, it becomes necessary to select and operate the moment of inertia of the heat transfer device in accordance with each event.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) In conventional heat transfer devices, in order to ensure the necessary inertia, rotating machines such as pumps and fans and electric motors that are their power devices have the necessary moment of inertia (or flywheels) It was designed to be added in the form of etc.

Among these, it has been common to secure a moment of inertia inside an electric motor, which is a power device with a greater degree of freedom in design than rotating machines such as pumps and fans.

In most cases, it is possible to construct a sufficiently rational facility using this method, but if the moment of inertia required by the system is extremely large, or if the degree of freedom in designing the power device such as an electric motor is small. For example, when there are special requirements for electrical performance such as efficiency or power factor, or when compactness in layout is required (especially the radial dimension, which has a large effect on increasing the moment of inertia of the rotating body) (in cases where the equipment is restricted), the equipment configuration was unreasonable or the design was unsatisfactory. The same applies when a flywheel or the like is placed separately outside the electric motor.

Since the inertia provided in the heat transfer device acts in any case, it becomes inconvenient when there is a need to immediately stop the flow, for example in the event of a pipe leak.

Furthermore, as explained in the second part of the prior art, if there are two or more inertia sizes of the heat transfer device required by the system, the idea can be further expanded to find the optimal flow rate required by the system. It is difficult to realize the moment of inertia of the heat transfer device by mechanical means in order to realize the damping characteristic of the heat transfer device in accordance with the occurring event.

The present invention has been made in order to eliminate such conventional drawbacks, and is designed to prevent power loss of a heat medium power device such as a pump or fan in a heat transfer device, or when an abnormality in the power source and another abnormality occur at the same time. When this occurs, it is possible to obtain the flow rate control characteristics required by the system, and it is possible to optimally design pumps, fans, etc. (including power equipment) based only on other conditions. To store energy as electrical energy in batteries,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat transfer device that can construct compact equipment with a high total energy storage density by using batteries with a high discharge rate whose performance has recently been significantly improved.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention, which achieves the above-mentioned conventional objects, provides a drive device such as a pump or fan for driving a heat medium used for heat transport in a heat transfer device, and a drive device for the drive. The power unit of the device includes an auxiliary power source consisting of a battery, a static power converter, and a control device for the auxiliary power source and the static power converter, and the flow rate required by the system when the power source of the power device etc. is lost. The present invention is characterized in that it includes an operation control device that performs control that satisfies control characteristics.

(Function) In the present invention, when the power supply of the heat medium drive equipment is suddenly lost due to a power outage, or when another abnormality occurs at the same time as the power outage, the flow rate control characteristics required by the system are Supplying or absorbing energy from an operation control device that corresponds to excessive or insufficient inertial energy due to the moment of inertia alone when the rotating machinery of heat medium drive equipment such as pumps and fans and its power equipment are optimally designed according to other conditions, Obtain the desired flow characteristics.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, an electric motor 3, which is a power device for a heat medium pump 2 of a heat transfer device, is connected to a power source 6 and an operation control device 9 through an electric line 13.

The operation control device 9 converts electrical energy from a battery 10, such as a solid state battery or storage battery, which stores energy in the form of electrical energy and absorbs or releases it when necessary, and a battery 1o into electric power required by the electric motor 3. (or performs the inverse conversion) A static power converter 11 such as a silic inverter and a power outage of the bus 7 of the power source 6 are detected and the static power converter 11 is controlled to have the required flow rate attenuation characteristic. It consists of a control device 12.

When the power supply 6 is out of power, the rotation speed of the pump 2 and the electric motor 3 gradually decreases due to their moment of inertia and the inertia of the fluid, and the flow rate also begins to decrease.

At the same time, a power outage of the power source 6 is detected and the switch 8 is opened to disconnect the power source 6 from the electric motor 3 and the operation control device 9, and power to the electric motor 3 is transferred to the battery 10° static power converter 1.
From 1 to 1, the electric motor 3 is driven to obtain the desired flow rate control characteristics by supplying or absorbing the flow in a controlled manner using the control amount 17 on the system side such as temperature and rotational speed, or by using simple flow rate-time characteristics. do. eventually,
The flow rate becomes zero or is taken over by the original power source 6.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the pump flow rate and time in this case where the flow rate simply attenuates and becomes zero and power is supplied from the battery.

Power outage or time t. 1.5 a, which is surrounded by the flow rate control characteristic curve 16 required by the system and the flow rate control characteristic curve 15 due to the inertia of the pump, indicates the amount of inertial energy of the pump, etc. 16a indicates the amount of energy for driving the electric motor 3 from the operation control device 9. The operation control device 9 can change the flow rate control characteristic within a range from the flow rate control characteristic curve 15 to the maximum drive curve determined by the capacity of the battery.

Next, the operation and adjustment method of the operation control device 9 will be explained.

The energy that drives the operation control device 9 or the electric motor 3 is obtained by programming and storing the relationship between the output of the static power converter 1 and the flow rate in advance in the control device 12 that controls the static power converter 11, and Driving is started using the power outage signal of 6 or the open circuit signal of switch 8 as the activation signal, and adjustment is made by controlling according to a program curve using system side control amount 17 or simple flow rate-time characteristics.

The control device 12 monitors the frequency and voltage of the electric motor 3, and upon receiving the start signal, controls the variable voltage variable frequency thyristor inverter that constitutes the static power converter 1.
Control is started in synchronization with the residual voltage of the electric motor 3 and its frequency, and the output frequency of the static power converter 11 is controlled according to a preprogrammed frequency-flow rate curve. At the same time, the output voltage of the static power converter 1 is controlled by the control device 12 so that the ratio to the output frequency is approximately constant, thereby maintaining good control characteristics.

The program for control device] 2 is set based on a curve obtained by calculation in advance, and adjusted to provide the optimum flow rate control characteristics during a test run of the heat transfer device. The externally controlled variable may be a system-side controlled variable in which one or two of the temperature, rotation speed, etc. are abnormal, or may be a program curve representing a simple flow rate-time characteristic. Further, the system side control amount] 7 may also be a continuous control target value, or may be one or more program curves corresponding to each object.

Note that the same effect can be achieved by replacing the pump with another rotating machine such as a fan.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG.

A case is shown in which a rotating machine such as a pump or fan is configured with an electromagnetic pump 14 that directly drives fluid using electrical energy. Other structures such as the operation control device 9 and the power supply 6 are the same.

The electromagnetic pump 14 differs from a mechanical pump in that the fluid drive unit and the power unit are the same element, and if the power supply 6 fails, the electromagnetic pump 14 does not have a moment of inertia due to its principle, so the flow rate will be reduced due to the inertia of the fluid. is attenuated. The operations of other devices such as the operation control device 9 are similar to those in the first embodiment.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the operation control device for a heat transfer device of the present invention, when the power of the heat medium power device such as a pump or fan in the heat transfer device is lost, or there is an abnormality in the power supply and other abnormalities, When these conditions occur at the same time, the system can obtain the required flow rate control characteristics, and pumps, fans, etc. (including power equipment) can be optimally designed based only on other conditions.

In addition, in order to store energy equivalent to the inertial energy of mechanical systems as electrical energy in batteries, the use of batteries with high discharge rates, which have recently improved in performance, has enabled compact equipment with a high total energy storage density. Can be configured.

Additionally, static power converters only operate for short periods of time;
The heat generated is temporary, and by using a heat radiating device with a large heat capacity, a simple heat radiating system can be constructed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an operation control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing characteristics of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional device, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams showing characteristics of the conventional device shown in FIG. 4. 2...Pump, 3...Electric motor, 6...Power source, 7.
...Bus bar, 8...Switch, 10...Battery, 11...
・Static power converter, 12...control device, 13...
- Electric circuit, 14... Electromagnetic pump, 15... Flow rate control characteristic curve, 16... Flow rate control characteristic curve, 17... Control amount, 41... Electric furnace. Applicant: Toshiba Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a heat transfer device, a drive device such as a pump or fan that drives a heat medium used for heat transport, and a power device for the drive device include an auxiliary power source consisting of a battery, a stationary power converter, and a stationary power converter that is connected to the auxiliary power source. What is claimed is: 1. A heat transfer device comprising: a control device for a power conversion device; and an operation control device that performs control to satisfy flow rate control characteristics required by the system when the power source of the power device or the like is lost.