JPH04120197A - Purifying device of waste oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To inexpensively obtain a purified oil having low contents of water, sulfur compound, oxygen, nitrogen compound and sludge by installing a gas- liquid contact device, a condenser, an oil-water separator and a water removing device. CONSTITUTION:Waste oils occurring from automobile maintenance factories, gas stations, etc., are collected, heated under about 300-500Torr reduced pressure and treated with steam to carry out gas-liquid contact. Then, gas part subjected to steam distillation is condensed to give liquid part, from which water is separated, the residual oil is furthered treated by a centrifugal separator and the remaining water is removed to give the objective purified oil having <=0.3wt.% water content and <=0.5wt.% ash content.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an apparatus for refining waste oil mainly generated from automobile repair shops, gas stations, etc.

(Prior art) Conventionally, as a general refining method, waste oil is heated and dehydrated, left to stand, and the supernatant liquid is fed to a centrifuge to separate and remove residual water or sludge contained therein. The heating and standing method used for refining waste oil, and the process of adding sulfuric acid to waste oil, washing it with sulfuric acid, neutralizing it with suppurated soda, and then adding activated clay to decolorize, deodorize, and remove impurities by adsorption filtration. There is a chemical cleaning method that is mainly used for refining lubricating oil and purifying waste oil.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, when waste oil is refined using the former method, the impurities contained in the waste oil are insufficiently removed, making it impossible to obtain a product that can be placed in the distribution process.

In other words, lubricating oil contained in waste oil generated from automobile repair shops, gas stations, etc. contains various additives and various substances generated during use, making it difficult to remove. Not only is it bulky, but it also causes inconveniences such as the troublesome disposal of waste such as sulfuric acid sludge, waste white clay, and sewage treatment.

The object of the present invention is to obtain a device that is free from such problems.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heating furnace that heats waste oil, and a gas-liquid contact device that causes water vapor to act on the waste oil heated in the heating furnace under reduced pressure. , a condenser that condenses the gas portion steam-distilled in the gas-liquid contact device, an oil-water separator that separates moisture from the liquid condensed in the condenser, and a residual oil from which moisture is separated by the oil-water separator. and a moisture removal device for removing moisture.

(Function) In the apparatus having the above configuration, the waste oil is heated in the heating furnace and then brought into contact with steam in the gas-liquid contact device to perform steam distillation and a hydrogenation reaction. Therefore, sulfur compounds, oxygen and nitrogen compounds contained in the waste oil are also decomposed and removed. The steam distillation and hydrogenation reactions at this time are carried out under reduced pressure (500 Torr to 300 Torr), resulting in low-boiling point distillation (approximately 350°C), resulting in thermal decomposition of the oil and improvement of product properties (hue, odor, specific gravity, viscosity, etc.), and then condenses the gaseous portion steam-distilled in the gas-liquid contacting device in a condenser to extract oil and water from which impurities in the waste oil, such as sulfur compounds, have been removed. .

Therefore, if this is then passed through an oil-water separator and then a water removal device to remove water, the water content will be less than 0.3% and the ash content will be 0.
．． 0.05% refined oil is obtained. In order to carry out the hydrogenation reaction, a catalyst such as molybdenum, nickel, or tungsten is required using alumina as a carrier, but since these are contained in the waste oil as additives, there is almost no need to add a catalyst. The additives and the like that functioned as catalysts in the waste oil are removed as sludge in the gas-liquid contact device.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a heating furnace that heats waste oil, and 2 is the heating furnace 1.
2a is a steam pipe facing into the waste oil of the gas-liquid contact device 2, and 3 is a gas-liquid contact device that applies steam under reduced pressure of about 30 to 500 torr on the waste oil heated by the gas-liquid contact device 2; A condenser that condenses the gaseous portion that has been subjected to steam distillation and hydrogenation reaction in the liquid contact device 2; 4 is an oil-water separator that removes water from the liquid condensed in the condenser 3; and 5 is the oil-water separator. A centrifugal separator as a water removal device for reducing the water content of the oil from which water has been removed by 4 to 0.3% or less and the ash content to 0.05% or less; 6 is the oil-water separator 4; A vacuum holding valve interposed between the centrifuge 5 and the centrifugal separator 5 is shown.

FIG. 2 shows this in more detail. To explain this, the gas-liquid contact device 2, the condenser 3, and the oil-water separator 4 are depressurized by a circuit A having a common steam ejector 7. However, two gas-liquid contact devices 2 and two oil-water separators 4 were provided, and these were operated alternately to achieve continuous operation. To explain this further, heating furnace 1
After the heated waste oil is stored in the intermediate tank 8, it is guided to one of the gas-liquid contact devices 2 by switching the switching valve 9, and is steam-distilled and hydrogenated in the gas-liquid contact device 2. The gas portion is supplied to the condenser 3, the gas portion is condensed and liquefied, and the gas portion is condensed and liquefied, and this is led to the oil-water separator 4 to separate water from the liquid. After the water contained in the several songs is reduced to 0.13% or less as described above, the product is fed into the product tank 10. In addition, when rapid separation is required, a centrifugal separator 5b is used in place of the static separation tank 5a.

In the drawing] 1 is a cooling tower for cooling the cooling water of the condenser 3, 12 is a waste oil tank, 13 is a boiler for obtaining steam, and 14 is a tank for receiving sludge discharged from the gas-liquid contact device 2. .

The above explanation mainly applies to waste oil to fuel base oil (A heavy oil, B heavy oil,
In the case of refining heavy oil (which is the source of heavy oil), when obtaining the base oil (which is the source of machine oil and turbine oil), the oil coming out of the centrifuge 5 is transferred to the reaction vessel 15 shown by the chain line.
It can be obtained by supplying it to a chemical and treating it with chemicals.

To explain the purification of waste oil using this device with reference to Fig. 1, the waste oil is first heated without being depressurized, and when the waste oil reaches a certain temperature of 300°C, the pressure is reduced (500 Torr to 300° C.).
00 Torr) and then continued heating in the gas-liquid contacting device 2, the temperature of the waste oil and the temperature of the distilled gas became parallel around 350°C (in experiments, it took about 3 hours to reach this state). ) After that, this state is maintained for the most part, and the waste oil in the gas-liquid contacting device 2 comes into contact with the steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 2a, and steam distillation and hydrogenation reaction occur. Therefore, sulfur compounds, oxygen and nitrogen compounds contained in the waste oil are also decomposed and removed. That is, steam distillation and hydrogenation reactions are carried out under reduced pressure (500 Torr to 300 Torr), resulting in low boiling point distillation, and are carried out without impairing the thermal decomposition of the oil or the properties of the product (hue, odor, specific gravity, viscosity, etc.). Next, the gas portion subjected to steam distillation in the gas-liquid contacting device 2 is sent to a condenser 3 for condensation, thereby extracting oil and water. Therefore, if this is then passed through an oil-water separator 4 and then through a centrifuge 5 to remove any remaining water, purified ura with a water content of 0.3% or less can be obtained.

In order to carry out the hydrogenation reaction, a catalyst such as molybdenum, nickel, or tungsten is required using alumina as a carrier, but since waste oil contains these as additives, the addition of a catalyst is almost always required. Moreover, the additives and the like that functioned as catalysts in the waste oil are removed as sludge in the gas-liquid contacting device 2.

The results of refining waste oil with the components shown in the table below using the above equipment are shown in Figure 3.
Not only does it meet the standards for A heavy oil for fuel use, but it is also comparable to commercially available heavy oil (a Mobil Oil product).

(Effects of the Invention) In this way, the present invention allows steam to act under reduced pressure on the waste oil heated in the heating furnace, so that steam distillation and hydrogenation reactions are performed under reduced pressure, resulting in low boiling point distillation. becomes. In other words, steam distillation and hydrogenation reactions are carried out without impairing the properties of the product (hue, odor, specific gravity, viscosity, etc.) resulting from the thermal decomposition of Ura, and the distilled product is passed through an oil-water separator, followed by centrifugation to remove remaining water. By passing it through a separator, it is easy to obtain a refined oil that has less water, less sulfur compounds, oxygen and nitrogen compounds, and less sludge.It is also inexpensive and good because almost no special chemicals are used for its refining. This has the effect of being able to obtain refined oil.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of another embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the state of waste oil refining. 1... Heating furnace 2... Gas-liquid contact device 3...
・Condenser 4...Oil water separator 5...Water removal device Patent applicant Toyo Seisakusho Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A heating furnace that heats waste oil, a gas-liquid contact device that causes steam to act on the waste oil heated in the heating furnace under reduced pressure, and a condenser that condenses the gas portion steam-distilled in the gas-liquid contact device. A waste oil refining device comprising: an oil-water separator that separates moisture from a liquid condensed in a condenser; and a moisture removal device that further removes remaining moisture from the oil from which moisture has been separated by the oil-water separator.