JPH04110385A - Fluid for heat transfer - Google Patents
Fluid for heat transferInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04110385A JPH04110385A JP2231615A JP23161590A JPH04110385A JP H04110385 A JPH04110385 A JP H04110385A JP 2231615 A JP2231615 A JP 2231615A JP 23161590 A JP23161590 A JP 23161590A JP H04110385 A JPH04110385 A JP H04110385A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat transfer
- heat medium
- formula
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 101100495923 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) chr2 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108010081348 HRT1 protein Hairy Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100021881 Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JNCMHMUGTWEVOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[CH]F Chemical compound F[CH]F JNCMHMUGTWEVOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- RFCAUADVODFSLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)Cl RFCAUADVODFSLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004340 Chloropentafluoroethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100030972 Coatomer subunit beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000761389 Copa Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000919970 Homo sapiens Coatomer subunit beta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- -1 R124 Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005827 chlorofluoro hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019406 chloropentafluoroethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、冷凍機、ヒートポンプ等で使用される熱伝達
用流体に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to heat transfer fluids used in refrigerators, heat pumps and the like.
本明細書においては、“％”とあるのは、“重量％”を
意味する。In this specification, "%" means "% by weight".
従来技術とその問題点
従来、ヒートポンプの熱媒体（冷媒）としては、クロロ
フルオロ炭化水素、フルオロ炭化水素、これらの共沸組
成物ならびにその近辺の組成物が知られている。これら
は、一般にフロンと称されており、現在Ｒ−１１０リク
ロロモノフルオロメタン） 、Ｒ−２２（モノクロロジ
フルオロメタン）、Ｒ−５０２（Ｒ−２２＋クロロペン
タフルオロエタン）などが主に使用されている。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as heat carriers (refrigerants) for heat pumps, chlorofluorohydrocarbons, fluorohydrocarbons, azeotropic compositions thereof, and compositions in the vicinity thereof have been known. These are generally called fluorocarbons, and currently R-110 (lichloromonofluoromethane), R-22 (monochlorodifluoromethane), R-502 (R-22+chloropentafluoroethane), etc. are mainly used. There is.
しかしながら、近年、大気中に放出された場合に、ある
種のフロンが成層圏のオゾン層を破壊し、その結果、′
人類を含む地球状の生態系に重大な悪影響を及ぼすこと
が指摘されている。従って、オゾン層破壊の危険性の高
いフロンについては、国際的な取決めにより、使用およ
び生産が規制されるに至っている。規制の対象になって
いるフロンには、Ｒ−１１とＲ−１２とが含まれており
、またＲ−２２については、オゾン層破壊への影響が小
さいため、現在規制の対象とはなっていないが、将来的
には、より影響の少ない冷媒の出現が望まれている。冷
凍・空調設備の普及に伴って、需要が毎年増大しつつあ
るフロンの使用および生産の規制は、居住環境をはじめ
として、現在の社会機構全般に与える影響が極めて大き
い。従って、オゾン層破壊問題を生じる危険性のない或
いはその危険性の極めて小さい新たなヒートポンプ用の
熱媒体（冷媒）の開発が緊急の課題となっている。However, in recent years, certain types of CFCs have depleted the stratospheric ozone layer when released into the atmosphere, resulting in
It has been pointed out that it has a serious negative impact on the global ecosystem, including humans. Therefore, the use and production of fluorocarbons, which pose a high risk of ozone layer depletion, has been regulated by international agreements. CFCs that are subject to regulation include R-11 and R-12, and R-22 is currently not subject to regulation because it has a small impact on ozone layer depletion. However, in the future, it is hoped that a refrigerant with less impact will emerge. Regulations on the use and production of fluorocarbons, whose demand is increasing every year with the spread of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, are having an extremely large impact on the current social structure as a whole, including the living environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new heat medium (refrigerant) for heat pumps that has no or very low risk of causing ozone layer depletion.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明者は、ヒートポンプ或いは熱機関に適した熱伝達
用流体であって、且つ当然のことながら、大気中に放出
された場合にもオゾン層に及ぼす影響が小さいか或いは
影響のない新たな熱伝達用流体を得るべく種々研究を重
ねてきた。その結果、特定の構造を有する有機化合物が
その目的に適合する要件を具備していることを見出した
。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has developed a heat transfer fluid suitable for heat pumps or heat engines, which naturally has a small effect on the ozone layer even when released into the atmosphere. Various research efforts have been made to find new heat transfer fluids that have no adverse effects. As a result, they found that organic compounds with a specific structure meet the requirements for the purpose.
すなわち、本発明は、下記の熱伝達用流体を提供するも
のである：
「分子式：Ｒｆ−８−Ｒｆ （１）またはＲｆ−８−Ｒ
（２）
（Ｒｆは、ＣＦ、、ＣＦ２Ｈ，ＣＦＨ２゜Ｃ２Ｆ ｓ
、 Ｃ２Ｆ４ Ｈ，Ｃ２Ｆ ３ Ｈ２Ｃ２Ｆ２Ｈ３ま
たはＣ２ＦＨ，を表わす；但し、分子式（］）で示され
る化合物においては、２つのＲｆは同一でも良く、或い
は異なっていても良い；Ｒは、ＣＨ３またはＣ２Ｈ５を
表わす）で示される有機化合物からなる熱伝達用流体。That is, the present invention provides the following heat transfer fluid: "Molecular formula: Rf-8-Rf (1) or Rf-8-R
(2) (Rf is CF, CF2H, CFH2゜C2F s
, represents C2F4 H, C2F 3 H2C2F2H3 or C2FH; however, in the compound represented by the molecular formula (]), the two Rf may be the same or different; R represents CH3 or C2H5) A heat transfer fluid consisting of an organic compound shown in
」本発明で使用する各化合物の主な物性は、以下の通り
である。The main physical properties of each compound used in the present invention are as follows.
Ｉ、 Ｆ３ ＣＳ ＣＦ３
沸点 −２２，０°Ｃ
臨界温度 １０５℃
臨界圧力 ３９ｋｇ／ｃ研
分子量 １７０．０７
Ｉｌ、 Ｆ３ ＣＳ ＣＨＦ２
沸点 １．２°Ｃ
臨界温度 １４１°Ｃ
臨界圧力 ４０． ３ｋｇ／ｃ♂分子量
１５２．１０
ＩＩＩ、Ｈ３Ｃ−８−ＣＦヨ
沸点 １２．５°Ｃ
臨界温度 １７０°Ｃ
臨界圧力 ４４．８ｋｇ／ｃ脩
分子量 １１６．１１
本発明で熱伝達用流体として使用する式（１）および式
（２）で示される化合物は、オゾン層に影響を与える塩
素原子および臭素原子を含まないので、オゾン層の破壊
問題を生じる危険性はない。I, F3 CS CF3 Boiling point -22,0°C Critical temperature 105°C Critical pressure 39kg/c molecular weight 170.07 Il, F3 CS CHF2 Boiling point 1.2°C Critical temperature 141°C Critical pressure 40. 3kg/c♂ molecular weight
152.10 III, H3C-8-CF Boiling point 12.5°C Critical temperature 170°C Critical pressure 44.8 kg/c Molecular weight 116.11 Formula (1) and formula used as heat transfer fluid in the present invention Since the compound represented by (2) does not contain chlorine atoms and bromine atoms that affect the ozone layer, there is no risk of causing the problem of ozone layer destruction.
また、エーテル結合を有する化合物は、大気中で比較的
分解しやすいので、本発明で使用する化合物は、地球温
暖化への影響か小さいという利点も有している。Furthermore, since compounds having ether bonds are relatively easy to decompose in the atmosphere, the compounds used in the present invention also have the advantage of having a small impact on global warming.
一方では、本発明で使用する化合物は、ヒートポンプ用
熱媒体としての特性にも優れており、成績係数、冷凍能
力、凝縮圧力、吐出温度などの性能において、バランス
が取れている。さらに、これらの化合物の沸点は、現在
広く使用されているＲ−１１、Ｒ−１２，Ｒ−２２、Ｒ
，−１１，４およびＲ−５０２のそれに近いため、これ
ら公知の熱媒体の使用条件下、即ち蒸発温度−２０から
１０°Ｃおよび凝縮温度３０から８０°Ｃでの使用に適
している。On the other hand, the compound used in the present invention has excellent properties as a heat medium for heat pumps, and is well balanced in performance such as coefficient of performance, refrigeration capacity, condensation pressure, and discharge temperature. Furthermore, the boiling points of these compounds are those of R-11, R-12, R-22, and R-22, which are currently widely used.
, -11,4 and R-502, it is suitable for use under the conditions of use of these known heat transfer media, namely evaporation temperatures of -20 to 10°C and condensation temperatures of 30 to 80°C.
また、本発明においては、式（１）または（２）で示さ
れる化合物を少なくとも一種含み、Ｒ２２（ＣＨＦ２沸
点 ）、Ｒ−３２（ＣＨ２Ｆ２ ）Ｒ−１２４（ＣＦ３
ＣＨ（ＩＦ）、Ｒ−１２５（ＣＦ、ＣＦ２Ｈ）、Ｒ−１
３４ａ
（ＣＦ３ＣＦＨ）、Ｒ−１４２ｂ
（ＣＨ３ＣＣＱ Ｆ２ ）、Ｒ１４３ａ（ＣＦ、ＣＨ３
）およびＲ−１５２ａ
（ＣＨＦ２ ＣＨ３）からなる群から選ばれた少なくと
も一種を含む混合物を熱伝達用流体として使用しても良
い。この混合物を使用する場合には、低沸点の冷媒を混
合することにより、更に冷凍能力を向上させたり、蒸発
潜熱の大きい冷媒を混合することにより、成績係数を向
」ニさせたり、或いは冷凍機油との溶解性を改善するな
どの利点が得られる
本発明で使用する式（１）または（２）の化合物或いは
これら化合物とＲ−２２，Ｒ−３２，Ｒ１２４、Ｒ−１
２５，Ｒ−１３４ａ、Ｒ−１４２ｂ、Ｒ−１４３ａおよ
びＲ−１５２ａの少なくとも一種との混合物は、ヒート
ポンプ用の熱媒体に対して要求される一般的な特性（例
えば、潤滑油との相溶性、材料に対する非浸蝕性など）
に関しても、問題はないことが確認されている。Further, in the present invention, at least one compound represented by formula (1) or (2) is included, R22 (CHF2 boiling point), R-32 (CH2F2) R-124 (CF3
CH (IF), R-125 (CF, CF2H), R-1
34a (CF3CFH), R-142b (CH3CCQ F2), R143a (CF, CH3
) and R-152a (CHF2 CH3) may be used as the heat transfer fluid. When using this mixture, the refrigerating capacity can be further improved by mixing a refrigerant with a low boiling point, the coefficient of performance can be improved by mixing a refrigerant with a large latent heat of vaporization, or the refrigerating machine oil The compound of formula (1) or (2) used in the present invention has advantages such as improved solubility with or these compounds and R-22, R-32, R124, R-1
25, a mixture with at least one of R-134a, R-142b, R-143a and R-152a has the general characteristics required for a heat medium for a heat pump (for example, compatibility with lubricating oil, (non-corrosive to materials, etc.)
It has been confirmed that there are no problems with this.
発明の効果
本発明の熱伝達用流体を使用する場合には、下記の様な
顕著な効果か達成される。Effects of the Invention When using the heat transfer fluid of the present invention, the following remarkable effects are achieved.
（１）従来からＲ−１１、Ｒ−１２，Ｒ，２’２、Ｒ−
１１４或いはＲ−５０２を熱媒体として使用してきたヒ
ートポンプと同等以上のサイクル性能か得られる。(1) Traditionally R-11, R-12, R, 2'2, R-
Cycle performance equivalent to or higher than that of heat pumps that use 114 or R-502 as a heat medium can be obtained.
（２）使用する式（コ−）および（２）で示される化合
物の熱媒体としての優れた性能のゆえに、機器設計上も
有利である。(2) Because of the excellent performance of the compound represented by the formula (co-) and (2) used as a heat transfer medium, it is also advantageous in terms of device design.
（３）仮に熱媒体が大気中に放出された場合にも、オゾ
ン層破壊の危険性はなく、地球温暖化への影響も小さい
。(3) Even if the heat transfer medium were to be released into the atmosphere, there would be no risk of ozone layer depletion and the impact on global warming would be small.
実施例
以下に実施例および比較例を示し、本発明の特徴とする
ところをより一層明確にする。EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.
実施例１および比較例１〜３
熱媒体としてＦ３ＣＳ ＣＦ３ （ビストリフルオロ
メチルサルファイド）を使用する１馬力のヒートポンプ
において、蒸発器における熱媒体の蒸発温度を一１０°
Ｃ２−５°Ｃ，５℃および１０°Ｃとし、凝縮器におけ
る凝縮温度を５０°Ｃとし、過熱度および過冷却度をそ
れぞれ５°Ｃおよび３°Ｃとして、運転を行なった。Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 In a 1-horsepower heat pump that uses F3CS CF3 (bistrifluoromethyl sulfide) as a heat medium, the evaporation temperature of the heat medium in the evaporator was set to -10°.
The operation was carried out at C2-5°C, 5°C and 10°C, the condensation temperature in the condenser was 50°C, and the degree of superheating and supercooling were 5°C and 3°C, respectively.
また、比較例として、Ｒ−１２（比較例１）、Ｒ−２２
（比較例２）およびＲ−５０２＜比較例３）を熱媒体と
して使用して、上記と同一条件下にヒートポンプの運転
を行なった。In addition, as comparative examples, R-12 (comparative example 1), R-22
(Comparative Example 2) and R-502<Comparative Example 3) were used as the heat medium, and the heat pump was operated under the same conditions as above.
これらの結果から、成績係数（ＣＯＰ）および冷凍効果
を次式により、求めた（第１図に示すモリエル線図参照
）。From these results, the coefficient of performance (COP) and refrigeration effect were determined using the following equations (see the Mollier diagram shown in FIG. 1).
Ｃ０Ｐ−（ｈ＋ ｈ４）／ （ｈ２ ｈ、＋ ）冷凍
効果−り、−ｈ４
ｈｌ・・・蒸発器出口の熱媒体のエンタルピーｈ２・・
・凝縮器入口の熱媒体のエンタルピーｈ４・・・蒸発器
入口の熱媒体のエンタルピー本実施例ならびに比較例で
使用した冷凍サイクルの回路図を第２図に示す。C0P-(h+h4)/(h2 h, +) Refrigeration effect-ri, -h4 hl...Enthalpy of heat medium at the evaporator outlet h2...
・Enthalpy h4 of the heat medium at the inlet of the condenser Enthalpy of the heat medium at the inlet of the evaporator The circuit diagram of the refrigeration cycle used in this example and the comparative example is shown in FIG.
ＣＯＰおよび冷凍能力の算出結果を比較例１〜３の結果
と対比して第３図および第４図にそれぞれ示す。The calculation results of COP and refrigerating capacity are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, respectively, in comparison with the results of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
なお、第３図に示す成績係数は、Ｒ−２２を熱媒体とし
た場合の蒸発温度５°Ｃにおける測定値（ＣＯＰＢ）で
、それぞれの熱媒体の測定値（ＣＯＰＡ）を除したもの
である。特に、本発明による熱媒体の結果は、“○”で
示しである。The coefficient of performance shown in Figure 3 is the measured value (COPB) at an evaporation temperature of 5°C when R-22 is used as the heat medium, divided by the measured value (COPA) of each heat medium. . In particular, the results of the heat transfer medium according to the present invention are indicated by "○".
また、第４図に示す冷凍能力は、Ｒ−２２を作動流体と
した場合の蒸発温度５°Ｃにおける測定値（能力Ｂ）で
、それぞれの熱媒体の測定値（能力Ａ）を除したもので
ある。特に、本発明による熱媒体の結果は、やはり“○
”で示しである。In addition, the refrigerating capacity shown in Fig. 4 is obtained by dividing the measured value (capacity A) of each heat medium by the measured value (capacity B) at an evaporation temperature of 5°C when R-22 is used as the working fluid. It is. In particular, the results of the heat transfer medium according to the present invention are still “○
” is indicated.
第３図から明らかな様に、本実施例による熱媒体は、Ｃ
ＯＰに関して、Ｒ−１２およびＲ２２と同程度の良好な
値を示している。さらに、第４図から明らかな様に、冷
凍効果に関して、Ｒ２２よりもやや高めの値を示してい
る。As is clear from FIG. 3, the heat medium according to this example is C
Regarding OP, it shows a value as good as R-12 and R22. Furthermore, as is clear from FIG. 4, the refrigeration effect shows a slightly higher value than R22.
また、蒸発温度５°Ｃにおける凝縮圧力および圧縮機吐
出温度の比較結果を第１表に示す。Further, Table 1 shows the comparison results of the condensing pressure and compressor discharge temperature at an evaporation temperature of 5°C.
第１表
凝縮圧力 吐出温度
（ｋｇ／ｃＪ−Ａ） （’Ｃ）実施例１
１１ ５５比較例１ １２
５９比較例２ ２０ ７Ｂ
比較例３ ２２
本実施例による熱媒体の凝縮圧力および吐出温度は、Ｒ
−１２よりも低い値を示しており、機器設計上有利であ
る。Table 1 Condensing pressure Discharge temperature (kg/cJ-A) ('C) Example 1
11 55 Comparative Example 1 12
59 Comparative Example 2 20 7B
Comparative Example 3 22 The condensation pressure and discharge temperature of the heat medium according to this example are R
-12, which is advantageous in terms of device design.
以上の結果から、Ｆ、Ｃ−８−ＣＦ３を熱媒体として使
用する本実施例においては、従来から広く使用されてい
るＲ−１２、Ｒ−２２およびＲ−５０２を使用するヒー
トポンプと同等のサイクル性能が得られており、本発明
は、機器設計」二からも有利であることが、明らかであ
る。From the above results, in this example using F, C-8-CF3 as the heat medium, the cycle is equivalent to that of the heat pump using R-12, R-22 and R-502, which have been widely used in the past. It is clear that the present invention has advantages in terms of equipment design.
第１図は、実施例において成績係数（ＣＯＰ）および冷
凍効果水めるために使用したモリエル線図である。
第２図は、本実施例ならびに比較例で使用した冷凍サイ
クルの回路図である。
第３図は、実施例１および比較例１〜３にょるｃｏｐを
示すグラフである。
第４図は、実施例１および比較例１〜３による冷凍能力
を示すグラフである。
（以 上）
（Ｌｔ！、Ｒ）FIG. 1 is a Mollier diagram used to determine the coefficient of performance (COP) and freezing effect in the Examples. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a refrigeration cycle used in this example and a comparative example. FIG. 3 is a graph showing cops in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the refrigerating capacity of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. (That's all) (Lt!, R)
Claims (1)
Ｆ＿５、Ｃ＿２Ｆ＿４Ｈ、Ｃ＿２Ｆ＿３Ｈ＿２、Ｃ＿２
Ｆ＿２Ｈ＿３またはＣ＿２ＦＨ＿４を表わす；但し、分
子式（１）で示される化合物においては、２つのＲｆは
同一でも良く、或いは異なっていても良い；Ｒは、ＣＨ
＿３またはＣ＿２Ｈ＿５を表わす）で示される有機化合
物からなる熱伝達用流体。[Claims] 1. Molecular formula: Rf-S-Rf (1) or Rf-S-R (2) (Rf is CF_3, CF_2H, CFH_2, C_2
F_5, C_2F_4H, C_2F_3H_2, C_2
Represents F_2H_3 or C_2FH_4; However, in the compound represented by molecular formula (1), two Rf may be the same or different; R is CH
_3 or C_2H_5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2231615A JPH04110385A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1990-08-31 | Fluid for heat transfer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2231615A JPH04110385A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1990-08-31 | Fluid for heat transfer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04110385A true JPH04110385A (en) | 1992-04-10 |
Family
ID=16926287
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2231615A Pending JPH04110385A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1990-08-31 | Fluid for heat transfer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04110385A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5433880A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1995-07-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions which include a sulfur compound |
| US5480572A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1996-01-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions including a three carbon cyclic fluoroether |
| US5562853A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-10-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,-octafluorobutane compositions |
| US5626790A (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1997-05-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions including 1,1,2-trifluoroethane and hexafluoropropane |
| US5705471A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1998-01-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octaflourobutane compositions |
| US5733472A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and fluoropropane |
| US5762818A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-06-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane and fluoroethane |
| US6688118B1 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 2004-02-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
| US8065882B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2011-11-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
| KR20180028485A (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2018-03-16 | 시마 상요 코퍼레이션 리미티드 | Apparatus for forming air flow in a reduction / depression processing apparatus and a reduction / depression processing apparatus |
-
1990
- 1990-08-31 JP JP2231615A patent/JPH04110385A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5733472A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and fluoropropane |
| US5762818A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-06-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane and fluoroethane |
| US5626790A (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1997-05-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions including 1,1,2-trifluoroethane and hexafluoropropane |
| US5433880A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1995-07-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions which include a sulfur compound |
| US5480572A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1996-01-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions including a three carbon cyclic fluoroether |
| US5705471A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1998-01-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octaflourobutane compositions |
| US5562853A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-10-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,-octafluorobutane compositions |
| US5772911A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1998-06-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-Octafluorobutane compositions |
| US6688118B1 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 2004-02-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
| US7144523B2 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 2006-12-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
| US7309459B2 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 2007-12-18 | E. I. Dupont Denemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
| US8065882B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2011-11-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
| KR20180028485A (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2018-03-16 | 시마 상요 코퍼레이션 리미티드 | Apparatus for forming air flow in a reduction / depression processing apparatus and a reduction / depression processing apparatus |
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